Untouchability

• By Tushar Soni

Untouchability is a practice of discriminating against individuals and groups based on their cast and jobs done by them. Untouchability is practiced for a very long time. It applies to the Indian Caste system. The untouchables are often treated with discrimination because they are inferior and they belong to lower cast. They have been going through various forms of discrimination in almost every area.

History of Untouchability in India

The Dalit word untouchable is derived from Sanskrit meaning broken or depressed. Some people believe that the untouchability system exists not only in India but also in other countries such as Japan, Tibet and Korea.

The layers of castes are taken from Vedic texts dividing people into four main groups: Brahmans – Priests and special people, Kshatriyas – Heroes, Vaishyas – Small businessmen and merchants, Shudras – Sanitary workers. Therefore, this distinction among the people of ancient India was largely based on the consideration of human activity.

Struggles for the Elimination of Unouchability

After years of fighting and dominating the oppressed class of people, the practice of untouchability still holds the mark in many communities around us. Even educated people follow these practices.

Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi were among the prominent leaders who fought strongly against the abolition of the untouchability system. Therefore, the hard work of such people has given the Dalits the opportunity to express themselves and to promote equality, harmony and brotherhood in society.

Amendments to the Constitution

After several movements and a hard fight to end the practice of untouchability, a constitutional amendment was made to achieve the interests of the oppressed classes. Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolished untouchability and declared it as punishable act. According to this, no one can stop Dalits or Harijans from entering temples, streets, buses, etc. They are free to use all public services with respect and dignity. Also, no one can refuse to sell anything to the Dalit people.

The government also offers reservations to these forts. Reservation means that a certain percentage of places in Government colleges and jobs are reserved for people from lower classes. Thus, it ensures that their past oppression does not affect their present progress and their future. The reservation also aims to provide them with an appropriate educational opportunity that benefits them and their families and future generations.

Today’s Unouchability Status

Today the concept of untouchability differs from ancient India. Humans have become increasingly knowledgeable and adaptable. Without a constitutional amendment; untouchability, and caste discrimination still occur in society. Politicians use this to boost their banks’ ability to gain votes in government.

The Dalits living in cities are less vulnerable to this racist practice as compared to those living in rural areas. People in rural areas prefer to stick to their old beliefs, practices and refuse to accept the change that has been made for the betterment of society.

Conclusion

All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. We will not be prejudiced and dominate others because of their status. We must teach our children the importance of understanding, giving, and equality with all people. The Dalits face severe discrimination because of their services such as cleaning public places etc. Basically, we will respect them more as they keep our community clean and healthy. Therefore, the new generation must take the case and strive to eradicate it completely.