We have adopted the concept of preamble by American constitution. Preamble resemble as the preface or introduction to the constitution. NA Palkhivala; an eminent jurist called it as identity card of constitution.
the constitution derives its authority from people of India. Preamble declares Indian state as sovereign, socialist, secular democratic and republican.
Objective of constitution specifies justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
Date of adoption of constitution is November 26, 1949.
IMPORTANT TERMS:
1) SOVEREIGN- State is free to conduct its own affairs both externally as well as internally.
2) SOCIALIST– We believe in democratic socialism i.e. concept of mixed economy is persistent.
3) SECULAR– India embodies a positive concept of secularism so all religions have same status and support from the state accordingly articles 25 to 28 have been included as the fundamental rights of constitution.
4) DEMOCRATIC– India provides for a representative parliamentary democracy under which executive is responsible for legislature for all its actions.
5) REPUBLIC- It represents that India has an elected head called the President. It also means that people are vested with power of political sovereignty and there is absence of any privileged class.
6) JUSTICE– This concept is borrowed from Russian Revolution, providing people with social (equal treatment without discrimination on any bases) economic (elimination of glaring inequalities in wealth) and political (equal access to political offices and voice in government) justice.
7) LIBERTY– Absence of restraints on the activities of individuals, at same time providing opportunities for development of individual personalities.
8) EQUALITY– Absence of any privileges to any section of society and provision of adequate opportunities for all.
9) FRATERNITY- Sense of brotherhood involving dignity of individuals and unity and integrity of nation.
SIGNIFICANCE OF PREAMBLE:
It embodies basic philosophy and fundamental values. It is defined as ‘ horoscope of our sovereign democratic republic’ by KM Munshi.
Preamble is an important part of constitution which impacts the life of each individual.
“Law and order are the medicine of the body politic and when the body politic gets sick, medicine must be administered”.- B.R. Ambedkar
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