Government has opened 91 Jan Aushadhi Kendras in Jammu and Kashmir and three in Ladakh region between January and July this year. The Chemical and Fertilizer Ministry said, Bureau of Pharma PSUs of  India (BPPI) opened these Jan Aushadhi Kendras with an aim of making available quality generic medicines at an affordable price to the residents of these regions.

The total sales in the last one year has crossed four crore 39 lakh rupees in Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh which led to total savings of 31 crore rupees for residents of this area.

The Ministry said, The Government of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh have proposed to open 73 new Jan Aushadhi Kendras for which locations have already been identified. BPPI has supplied over one crore 56 lakh sanitary pads to Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.

National Health Mission has been distributing these pads free of cost to young girls and women as a part of Rashtriya Kishore Swasthya Karyakram.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has said that India will win against coronavirus if 10 states defeat it. Mr Modi said, 10 states account for over 80 per cent of the active COVID-19 cases in the country.

The Prime Minister yesterday reviewed the Corona situation with the Chief Ministers of 10 worst affected states through video conferencing. This was the seventh such interaction with Chief Ministers on the coronavirus crisis.

Mr Modi said, we need to follow a new mantra – all those who have come in contact with an infected person should be traced and tested within 72 hours. He said, experts now say if we identify COVID-19 cases within 72 hours of onset, then infection slows down to great extent.

The Prime Minister said, our experience so far is that containment, contact tracing and surveillance are the most effective weapons against COVID-19. Mr Modi said there is an urgent need to ramp up testing in Bihar, Gujarat, UP, West Bengal, and Telangana.

The first vaccine is launched today by Russia for covid-19, vladimir Putin Russia president launched the prestigious russian vaccine,the first antidote was injected to his daughter

The vaccine will be available from October 2020,and this vaccine will be given to every Russia citizen in next month ,the Russia government is try to make more vaccines,so it will available for everyone

Job satisfaction

Job satisfaction is defined as the extent to which an employee feels self-motivated, content & satisfied with his/her job. Job satisfaction happens when an employee feels he or she is having job stability, career growth and a comfortable work life balance. This implies that the employee is having satisfaction at job as the work meets the expectations of the individual.

Importance is job satisfaction

A satisfied employee is always important for an organization as he/she aims to deliver the best of their capability. Every employee wants a strong career growth and work life balance at workplace. If an employee feels happy with their company & work, they look to give back to the company with all their efforts. Importance of job satisfaction can be seen from two perspectives i.e. from employee and employer perspective:

For employees: Job satisfaction from an employee perspective is to earn a good gross salary, have job stability, have a steady career growth, get rewards & recognition and constantly have new opportunities.

For Employers: For an employer, job satisfaction for an employee is an important aspect to get the best out of them. A satisfied employee always contributes more to the company, helps control attrition & helps the company grow. Employers needs to ensure a good job description to attract employees and constantly give opportunities to individuals to learn and grow.

The positive effects of job satisfaction include:

1. More efficiency of employees of workplace if they are satisfied with their job.

2. Higher employee loyalty leading to more commitment.

3. Job satisfaction of employees eventually results in higher profits for companies.

4. High employee retention is possible if employees are happy.

Job satisfaction factors: Job satisfaction is related to the psychology of an employee. A happy & content employee at a job is always motivated to contribute more. On the other hand, a dissatisfied employee is lethargic, makes mistakes & becomes a burden to the company. The elements & factors which contribute to job satisfaction are:

1. Compensation and Working conditions: One of the biggest factors of job satisfaction are the compensation and benefits given to an employee. An employee with a good salary, incentives, bonuses, healthcare options etc is happier with their job as compared to someone who doesn’t have the same. A healthy workplace environment also adds value to an employee.

2. Work life balance: Every individual wants to have a good workplace which allow them time to spend with their family & friends. Job satisfaction for employees is often due a good work life balance policy, which ensures that an employee spends quality time with their family along with doing their work. This improves the employee’s quality of work life. 

3. Respect and Recognition: Any individual appreciates and feels motivated if they are respected at their workplace. Also, if they are awarded for their hard work, it further motivates employees. Hence recognition is one of the job satisfaction factors.

4. Job security: If an employee is assured that the company would retain them even if the market is turbulent, it gives them immense confidence. Job security is one of the main reasons for job satisfaction for employees.

5. Challenges: Monotonous work activities can lead to dissatisfied employees. Hence, things like job rotation, job enrichment etc can help in job satisfaction of employees as well.

6. Career Growth: Employees always keep their career growth part as a high priority in their life. Hence, if a company helps groom employees and gives them newer job roles, it enhances the job satisfaction as they know they would get a boost in their career.

There are several theories given which help in evaluating & measuring job satisfaction of employees at workplace. Some of them are:

• Hierarchy of needs by Maslow

• Hygiene Theory by Herzberg

These help in understanding the parameters or factors which influence job satisfaction of employees at workplace.

Workers expect that their employers will pay them on-time and provide at least minimal benefits, providing tangible proof that workers are gainfully employed. However, workers also have intangible expectations of their employers. They expect fair treatment, a safe working environment and the inspiration to become fully engaged in their work.

Respect : Employees also expect that employers give them the respect they deserve for contributing their talents and skills to the organization. Respect isn’t one-sided. The respect that employees should expect from their employers is based on the unwritten social contract between an employer and the employee and is, therefore, an employer’s expectation as well.

Equal treatment: Federal and state laws mandate that covered employers provide equal employment opportunities to applicants and employees. Translated, it means that organizations must adhere to anti-discrimination laws that prohibit unfair employment practices based on non-job-related factors, such as race, national origin, religion and sex. Aside from the legal mandates, employees should expect employers to treat workers fairly and apply workplace policies consistently. 

Safety: Employers have an obligation to provide a safe working environment, which means employees have a right to expect that they won’t encounter workplace violence, be exposed to misuse of hazardous chemicals or machinery, and that they won’t risk their lives simply by coming to work. Granted, there are occupations where employees face significant risk for injury, such as protective services jobs in police and fire departments. However, employees expect that they can work collaboratively without worrying that they’ll face threatening acts or unsafe conditions in the workplace.

Communication: The mantra that human resources leaders profess is that employers should provide their employees with the tools necessary for success. Starting with an accurate, up-to-date job description that contains the primary job functions, employees need to know the employer’s performance expectations so they can have a shot at meeting and possibly exceeding those expectations. Employees generally have an intrinsic desire to do good work, but without their employers’ communication, input and guidance, success eludes employees and creates an unnecessarily challenging work environment.

Recognition: Often confused with employee rewards — which are tangible incentives — employees should expect recognition from their employers. Employee recognition is the least expensive way to motivate and retain workers. It doesn’t cost anything to write a handwritten note to say “thank you for a job well done.” Nor does it cost the employer to recognize an employee’s expertise by providing her with the opportunity to flourish in an advanced role with the company.

There are some things which want employee most :

1. Employees want purpose: Don’t assume that a hefty paycheck and regular bonuses are the most important things to your employees. They, like you, want to know that what they’re doing on a daily basis has some purpose behind it. “When you have a chance to have your ideas heard and one of them actually gets implemented, it’s such a boost.”

2. Employees want goals: To instill a sense of purpose in your employees, be sure to lay out a clearly-defined set of goals for them on a regular basis. 

3. Employees want responsibilities: Sometimes the hardest part of being a manager is delegating, but employees crave your trust, and with that trust, should come responsibility.

4. Employees want flexibility: In addition to deciding how they work, the experts say employees also appreciate having a say over when they work. Gunther has, of course, set up a radically flexible schedule for his employees that might not work for every office. But, he says, it has enabled him to find and retain top talent for Meddius.

5. Employees want attention: Just because you’re giving employees the control they crave doesn’t mean they don’t want guidance and feedback. Hiam suggests checking in with them every few weeks, even if it’s just for a minute or two. “Look them in the eye and ask how things are going. Find out what’s really going on in their world,” he suggests. “Responsibility is about giving them a chance to make a difference, but attention is the human dimension of managing.”

6. Employees want opportunities for innovation: Not long ago, Google announced its 20 percent creative time policy, which encourages employees to work on any innovative ideas they have that are company-related during 20 percent of their hours at work. Both Hiam and Pink applaud this concept. “People need to be given a chance to bring about something new and exciting,”

7. Employees want mindedness: When your employees come to you with their ideas, you need to treat them with equal parts sensitivity and honesty. Be sensitive because, according to Hiam, the more an employee gets shot down by an authority figure, the less likely he or she will be to make suggestions in the future. It’s also important to be honest because, as that authority figure, you may know what’s best for your business and what’s not. 

I recently read somewhere that Israel is going to make the costliest face mask in the world. This face mask will have gold and diamonds stuck on it. It will be created by a leading luxury brand of Israel. The gold used will be 18 carat gold and there will be around 3,600 diamonds. The Mask will have the A-99 filter.

There is also a news from America that a Chinese businessman has ordered a mask worth ₹11.23 crore. Sometime back I saw that an Indian man from Pune had got himself a mask of gold costing ₹2.89 lakh.

It seems like masks have become something which can be flaunted more than being necessity. In this time of COVID-19. It is necessary that people should keep in mind the fact that masks are a shield against a deadly virus. It should not matter much whether it is costly or cheap. What matters more is that we are able to protect ourselves. The Mask which we you should we breathable enough so that even if we have to wear it for long hours it does not cause much discomfort. We have to keep in mind that saving ourselves is much more important than showing to the world how fashionable or how costly are masks are.

Air pollution has taken a toll on human lives and has claimed approximately 1 million of lives in 2015. It is not only taking a toll on human lives but insects are being affected at high rates so much that sometimes it feels that if such a condition keeps persisting the whole insect breed may see a calamitic effect.

The whole world is seeing such differences where insects are dying at a fast pace and their population has diminished by a quarter across the globe. If we take the example of Kansas, USA, the population of grasshoppers has decreased by 30%, in Germany, the population of insects has gone down by 75% and if we take the example of India, Orissa only, the population of bees saw a dip of 80%.

In humans, air pollutants like PM10 have the capacity to choke lungs and have severe effects on our respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological problems. In bees the effect of these pollutants is much more deadly than we think; it can kill about 80% of them. Earlier chemicals in pesticides were seen as the sole culprits. After quite a research it is proved that toxic air pollutants can lead them in being extinct.

In South Asia. Giant Asian Honey bees are the major pollinator and if these vanish then domestic production of fruits, vegetables, grains etc will be hampered at the highest rate. These bees are fond of yellow-flowering trumpet (Tecoma Stans) bushes from where the sample of bees were collected by researchers for the study. After researching for four years in Bangalore, the scientists saw that their body parts like hind legs, antennae and wings were covered with particulate matters, making it worse, there was residue of arsenic, lead, tungsten and aluminium. If the sites from where samples were taken had high particulate matter then the amount which was deposited on bees were also more. The blood cells count was less, heart rate was increased, genes which are responsible for managing stress, immunity, homeostasis and metabolism were also very high compared to bees collected from villages.

If the condition of air pollution will not be checked then the time is not far when we won’t be able to get adequate amounts of fruits, vegetables etc as pollination is one of the most important step of flowering plants. If right pollination doesn’t take place then that flower will not be able to bear fruit. There is an estimate that in absence of insect pollinators 53% of mangoes will vanish from our earth.

My Views: It has become more mandatory now that we start taking care of our earth and try to stop air pollution by applying different rules and regulations. As without insects, air and plants the human race won’t be able to survive a day.

Book Review:

The story oscillates from history to mythology, from occult to religion, from exorcism to gunfights, from taantrics to warriors, from love to ambition. It knits 3,700 years, powerful ancient and modern-day characters and a nail-biting conspiracy – all in one literary thriller. Harappa is the first among a series of four books. 

2017, Delhi – Vidyut’s dying ancestor summons him to Banaras. The old Brahmin chieftain of the Dev-Raakshasa Matth, or the God-Demon Clan, bears a chilling secret. Their bloodline carries an ancient curse that will plague mankind – towards its own violent extinction.

1700 BCE, Harappa – Harappa is a magnificent city on the banks of the mighty Saraswati river. The darkness of treachery, taantric exorcism and bloodshed unleashes itself on the last devta, paving the way for his devastating revenge…and the horrifying truth behind the fall of the glorious civilisation.

2017, Paris – The world’s most powerful religious institution is rattled. Europe’s dreaded crime lord meets a mysterious man in Paris. A lethal assassin boards a train, as Rome fears the worst. The prophesied devta has returned.

What connects Banaras, Harappa and Rome? What was the ancient curse and who was the last devta? What is the terrible secret behind the fall of the colossal Indus Valley? Read on as you travel through a saga of violence and deceit, gods and demons, love and ambition.

Russian authorities have said that medical workers, teachers and other risk groups will be the first to be inoculated.

Russia is the first country to register a coronavirus vaccine. Many scientists in the country and abroad have been sceptical, however, questioning the decision to register the vaccine before Phase 3 trials that normally last for months and involve thousands of people.

Amid the race to develop a Covid-19 vaccine, Russian President Vladimir Putin launched a coronavirus vaccine, touted as the world’s first such vaccine, too. The registration of the vaccine lays ground for mass inoculation even as the final stages of clinical trials to test safety and efficacy continue.

The announcement came in the wake of the novel coronavirus pandemic that has infected more than 20 million people and killed nearly 750,000 worldwide, thus, crippling world economies.

THE CHANGES THAT ARE BEING MADE IN OUR EDUCATION SECTOR , TO PLACE IT WELL FOR THE STUDENTS SO THAT THE LEARNING CAN BE AT ITS BEST , HAS SPARKED EFFECTIVENESS DUE TO THE EFFICIENT ACADEMIC RESEARCH ACTED BY THE GOVERNMENT . A STATEMENT WHICH IS HOLD TRUE THAT ACADEMIC RESEARCH IS NOT SUFFICIENT , THE PROCESS IS STILL INCOMPLETE. THE GOVERNMENT FOLLOW THE POLICY OF SCIENCE , TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION , IT DIRECTS GOVERNMENT AND MANDATED IT WITH THE FUNDING IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND NATIONAL LABORATORIES . IT HELPED GOVERNMENT WITH THE APPROACHES TO MAKE THEM CONQUER THEIR OBJECTIVES . ONE SUCH APPROACH IS TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS , PROPOSED BY NASA . IT IS A KIND OF MEASUREMENT SYSTEM USED TO ASSESS THE MATURITY LEVEL OF A PARTICULAR TECHNOLOGY.

TRL -1 COMMUNICATE THE OBSERVATION OF PRINCIPLES FOR PUBLICATION .

TRL 2 COMMUNICATES THE FORMULATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY AT THE LEVEL OF CONCEPTS .

THEN THE FRAMEWORK FRAMED ADVANCES TO PROOF OF THE CONCEPT , VALIDATION IN A LABORATORY ENVIROMENT AND THEN TO PROTOTYPE DEMONSTRATION AND ENDING WITH ACTUAL DEPLOYMENT .THE TERMINOLOGIES FOR THE APPLICATIONS ARE SPECIFIC LIKE DIFFRENT TERMS ATTACHED TO THE TECHNOLOGIES OF AEROSPACE AND HEALTH SECTOR , THIS IS WHERE THE TERM TRANSLATOR RESEARCH IS USED. AN ALTERNATIVE FOR THEESE TERMINOLOGIES ARE ACADEMIC RESEARCH AND POST ACADEMIC RESEARCH .

THERE ARE LARGE LABORATORIES WHICH ARE SPECIALLY MADE FOR THE RESEARCH WHICH IS FURTHER CONTRIBUTING TO GENERATE NECESSARY KNOWLEDGE FOR NATIONAL DEVOLOPMENT.

IT IS OBSERVED THAT THE INVESTMENT MADE BY INDIA IN THE RESEARCHES ARE NOT SO HUGE COMPARING THE SAME WITH THE ADVANCED COUNTRIES.HERE ARE THE TWO OBSERVATIONS THAT MAKES THIS STATEMENT ‘ A TRUE SET OF WORDS’ , AS WE ALL ARE AWARE ABOUT THE IMPLEMENTATION EFFICIENCY OF OUR COUNTRY WHICH IS AVERAGE OR VERY POOR IN FEW OF THE SECTORS. THE COUPLE OF OBSERVATIONS MADE ARE AS FOLLOWS :

1. THE COUNTRIES BELONGING TO THE ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVOLOPMENNT REPORT RESEARCH STATISTICS ACCORDING TO THE FRASCATI MANUAL WHICH WAS FIRST LAUNCHED IN 1963, AND HAS BEEN REVISED FIVE TIMES SINCE THEN .BUT , DATA CANNOT BE COMPARED WITHOUT HAVING THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN INDIA’s DATA AND OTHER’s COUNTRY DATA .
2. SECONDLY , IT HAS TO BE DECIDED BY INDIA WHERE TO INCREASE THE INVESTMENT EITHER IN ACADEMIC RESEARCH OR IN POST-ACADEMIC RESEARCH BUT THE FACT IS INVESTMENT IN POST ACADEMIC RESEARCH CAN ONLY BE TURNED TO THE NATIONAL DEVOLOPMENT , ONLY IN THE PURSUIT OF POST- ACADEMIC RESEARCH.

IN INDIA , THERE IS A NEED OF ADDING THE VALUE TO RAEW MATERIALS IN INDIA , WHAT SHOULD BE DONE ? , THE ANSWERE LIES IN INCREASING THE INTENSITY OF TECHNOLOGY WHICH WAS IDENTIFIED AS ONE OF THE GOALS OF THE STI POLICY.

THE STI POLICY SHOULD LAY EMPHASIS ON PAR TO ENSURE THAT INVESTMENT IN RESEARCH RESULTS IN ECONOMIC GROWTH. THE REWARD SYSTEM IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND NATIONAL LABORATORIES SHOULD BE REORIENTED TO PROMOTE POST ACADEMIC-RESEARCH. ACADEMICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION SHOULD NOT ONLY PURSUE ACADEMIC RESEARCH BUT ALSO FEW STAGES OF POST ACADEMIC – RESEARCH.

POST – ACADEMIC RESEARCH IS FOCUSING MAINLY ON THE RESEARCH GOALS AND QUESTIONS THAT EMERGE FROM BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS WHEREAS ACADEMIC RESEARCH IS DEFINED AS ‘ SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATION IN THE PROBLEM OR SITUATION WHERE THE INTENTION IS TO IDENTIFY FACTS AND OPINIONS THAT WILL ASSIST IN SOLVING THE PROBLEM OR DEALING WITH THE SITUATION. THIS CLEARY SHOWS HOW MUCH ‘PAR’ IS EFFECTIVE IN COMPARISON TO ‘AR’.

Westeros is a feudal economy and what this means is that most of the citizens are relegated to work in agriculture under the governance of local Lords who fall under the governance of high Lords who fall under the governance of the Crown. These citizens will work the farms in exchange for a share of the Food and a promise of protection from their respective Lords and their armies. Very little time is spent on what effectively adds up to a vast majority of the population of westeros, but it shouldn’t be forgotten. That this is ultimately the foundation of the Kingdom. Beyond this, small instances of private enterprise do exist, mainly represented in the form of brothels. Smith season ends. This is very reminiscent of medieval England, in which the land of Westeros is loosely based. Manufacturing does not really exist and products of Westeros are primarily limited to regionally produce limitedly complex items that are more or less one offs. A silly example of this is that there is no central factory specializing in making tables for all the individual regions and keeps likely have a Carpenter who could make tables and chairs and beyond this build wooden structures and conduct repairs on their respective Castle. In this example it would be far more efficient for one region of Westeros to agree to just make wooden furniture and share it all over the nation taking advantage of economies of scale. This doesn’t happen though. Great few reasons. Trade and transportation in Westeros is very limited. Sure, we occasionally see merchant ships. On the trade, but we also see that getting from one side of this nation to the other side is a pretty dangerous. The other big consideration is that the nation is pretty much constantly at war in some form. There is no point letting the Lords of the reach set up their furniture factory if I’m just going to be at war with them next year, I will be cut off from my table and chair supply and their factory will be cut off from business because of something half of their customers want to do. This is of course very particular example of how unstable and not advanced economies miss out on economic efficiencies that work to progress. That is something that is highlighted really, really well in the show. Areas of the Kingdom, like the North that have a limited and sparse population and a very non specialized workforce and are shown to have very basic utilitarian furniture. Even in their greatest Castle winterfell.  Conversely, areas with a larger, more concentrated population like Kings landing will allow for people to start specializing in more specific roles like a dedicated furniture maker. Furniture shown here is far more ornate.

Now let’s look at debt collection. The Iron Bank is referenced as one of the most influential powers in the fictional world. The bank draws many parallels with the banking houses of the medieval Europe. This is, of course, a departure from the historical time period that most people associate with the story of Game of Thrones. But part of Martins fantastic storytelling is his ability to pick and choose curiosities from throughout history, and we’ve enjoyed topical fantasy story, the banking houses of the Napoleonic era, most notably the House of Rothschild, were instrumental in funding the war efforts of England and France. Around this time will have become an expensive undertaking. The reliance of armies on new technologies like cannons and muskets, made increasingly a struggle of who could raise the most money. The banking houses were happy to accommodate and knew that they would hold a lot of power. Any nation that tried to Renege on their debt obligations would find it incredibly hard to raise funding to go toward ever again. And then the banks would then just find a more accommodating army who would set things straight and get to work repairing. These banks basically introduced modern finance that exists today. Of course, instead of financing cars and homes to mom’s and dad, they were financing armies to hostile governments, the Iron Bank and historical banks had similar roles.

They actually sought peace and stability, so the Kingdom that they found that could get down to paying back their decks. So these banks loved figures like Tywin Lannister; powerful stabilizing individual. A Lannister always pays their debts, which was like the westerosi equivalent of a strong credit score. I guess these banks were also happy to flip flop on who they supported as soon as the stability of their repayment was compromised. They were more than happy to finance a new leader. The silent hand of the bank has also been speculated to be a huge determinant factor in the final outcomes of the war. There. In the classic adage that goes that. When you owe the bank one million dollars and can’t pay it back, you have a problem. If you owe to bank a billion dollars and can’t pay back, the bank has a problem. It was noted in season five of the Lannisters were deeply in debt for the line back. Many have speculated that this was a cunning plan by Tywin Lannister that the Iron bank would have to continue to support him if they ever want to see a return on their huge loan. When Cersie just wanted the gold of Highgarden certainly potentially made a fatal mistake in doing what ministers do best and repaying their destiny. Iron bank with this no longer had to cover its financial position and was free to do another cost benefit analysis, which heavily favoured the army that had those Dragons. Is it something the comic complexity of the show does allow you to speculate about? It’s certainly something I find used in public economics can be used out of good storytelling.