Freedom of press a mere hoax in India?

Media is referred as the fourth estate following the legislature, executive and judiciary. While the constitution of India does not specifically state freedom of press but it is implied from the freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a). The term has its origin attributed to a parliamentary debate on the opening of press reporting in 1787 of the houses of commons of Great Britain. Media is directly not part of the political system but it challenges those in power and call them out. It has great impact on policies while having a social influence. It is regulated and monitored. However, Indian media has been home to media trials, succumbing to market pressure, quick opinion makers and sensationalism leading to its today’s ranking of Freedom of Press put out by Reporters Without Borders-142nd place in the list of 180 countries.

Madras High Court in 2018 stood by the freedom of press and media quoting ‘If the voice of the Fourth Pillar is stifled, India will become like a Nazi State’.  There have been several instances in the past years where we have seen freedom of press has been on a ventilator. For instance, recently, UAPA charges have been held against two J&K journalists, Masrat Zahra and Peerzada Ashiq. Ashiq is a reported working with The Hindu has been booked for a news that was eventually proved inaccurate and Zahra, a photojournalist has been booked under UAPA for social media posts deemed “anti-national”. While Zubair Ahmed in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a freelance journalist was charged and arrested under the various sections of the IPC and Disaster Management Act over a tweet questioning the local administration’s quarantine policies.

According to Neha Dixit, an independent journalist, it has become difficult for journalists in India to publish ground reports or investigative reports which makes a room for evidence and fact-based journalism as there is increase in capitalist media influenced by corporate/political ideologies making more space for opinion journalism. She mentioned a new pattern in the present regime where along with the defamation case, they also file a criminal case which is easy to manipulate. On the same lines, according to Aliya Iftikhar, a Senior Asia Researcher of Committee to protect journalists, filing of defamation and criminal cases are not just about the threat of imprisonment but also a form of harassment as the legal system can be slow and puts a financial stress over the accused journalists who miss out on their jobs.

In recent years, independent online media and other alternative platforms have come into existence, whose mode of revenue is by people paying for them. Such platforms emphasis on quality journalism and therefore swear to provide facts/real news and not propaganda. Altnews.in and Newslaundry are examples of providing fact checking and credible news, respectively. Although this month, the government issued an order bringing OTT platforms like Netflix, Hotstar, Amazon and news portals under Information and Broadcasting ministry. Earlier there was no surveillance and the content creators could publish their work without worrying about any clearance certificates.

How To Add Font Awesome Social Icons In Blogger

  It’s near impossible to find a blog or site these days without at least one social media account to their name. Be it Twitter or Facebook, Instagram or Pinterest, or all of those for that matter, what’s become increasingly clear is that social media helps increase your online presence.

Gone are the days when you used to rely on good old search engine results alone. These days, maybe you don’t rank well in results for your keyword on Google or any other search engine, but you can launch a social media campaign that can hopefully give you the results that you want.

Essentially, your site and social media need to co-exist. One cannot live without the other, if you want another way of putting it. Social media is one of the best drivers of traffic on the internet, and if you want to increase your chances of being seen, then you have got to get an account on one or more platforms as long as it fits with your brand’s identity.

Spreading Awareness of Your Social Media Presence

Once you’ve set up your social media accounts, you don’t just leave it there to be discovered. Sure, you can make use of hashtags and communicate with industry leaders, but that’s not enough to bring awareness to your customers. To let them know you have a presence on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Vine or Pinterest, you have to make use of the real estate on your website.

How exactly do you do that, you ask? Well, by means of social icons.

Social icons are those little images you see that represent a symbol associated with a particular social network. For example, social icons for Twitter usually feature a blue bird. If not that, then a lowercase letter T.

The presence of these images remind your viewers that they have other ways of being up to date with whatever you put out. Social media use is pretty high these days thanks to the immediacy of the medium as well as the fun factor. And more likely than not, your audience would want to know whether you’re on any social network.

If you’re on the Blogger platform, you can add these social media representations through Font Awesome social icons.

What is Font Awesome?

Font Awesome “gives you scalable vector icons that can instantly be customized – size, color, drop shadow, and anything that can be done with the power of CSS”. In essence, it functions as a toolkit where you get access to more than 500 icons for use on your site – free of charge.

Now, if you’ve used social media icons before, you know that there are non-vector varieties. But those offered by Font Awesome are scalable vector icons, and in the long run, they are the better option for your site.

Why is that the case?

Well, a very good reason would be that images take time to load. Yes, these images are tiny but the point still stands. Plus, images tend to lose their quality as computer resolution increases. In other words, if you want your icons to load faster and have a nice, crisp and clean look, then you’re better off with using the collection of Font Awesome. Also, the chance to customize your icons accordingly is definitely an attractive factor too.

Why you should start using Font Awesome?

Of the many providers out there, why stick with Font Awesome?

  • Large collection of icons. You’ll not only find social media icons here, but other traditional icons as well.
  • CSS support. With CSS, you can adjust the icons according to what suits your site best. You can tinker with the colors, size, shadows and other components. This is something sorely lacking with non-vector images because you’re stuck with the icon you chose.
  • Speed. Vector images are lightweight and therefore load faster.
  • Free. You don’t have to pay a single thing when you use Font Awesome.

So now you know the importance of icons on your site, it’s time to learn how to add Font Awesome icons in Blogger.

Adding Font Awesome Social Icons in Blogger

The adding of icons to your Blogger isn’t rocket science. In fact, the process is pretty straightforward.

Here’s what you have to do:

Add Font Awesome Stylesheet into Blogger

Follow the steps below to get Font Awesome working with your blog:

  1. Log into your Blogger dashboard, then go to Theme and press the Edit HTML button.
  2. Click anywhere inside the code area and press CTRL + F keys to open the search box.
  3. Type the  tag inside the search box and press Enter to find it.
    font awesome stylesheet
  4. Add the following line of code referencing the location of the font-awesome.min.css stylesheet just below the  tag:
  5. Click the ‘Save theme’ button to save the changes and start playing with Font Awesome!

Using the Font Awesome Icons

After you get the steps in the previous section done, you’re now ready to use Font Awesome in your blog. The first thing you need to do is add the social icons links to the HTML and delete the icons that you don’t need anymore.

This is a sample HTML that you can add:








In the above HTML code, we can see 8 separate social icons which can be recognized by looking at the link title attribute. For example, the first one is for Facebook.

To use the social icons, paste your URL where it says URL-HERE for each social icon you want to include. Put the link between the quotes and make sure to not remove any of the quotation marks.

If you want to remove a social icon, just delete that line of code starting with “<a href" and ending with "”.

Now, keep in mind that Font Awesome works anywhere with the  tag as it was designed to work with inline elements. Although you can use , official documentation prefers the  option for brevity.

Font Awesome icons can be placed anywhere using the CSS prefix fa together with the name of the icon. For a list of social media icon names, you can refer to the official website of Font Awesome.

Let’s say that you want to display a Youtube icon so you can link it to your official account on the platform. Find the Youtube icon on the list and click on it:

font awesome icon

That will bring you to a page for Youtube where you will see this code:

font awesome social icons

To include the icon within the list, copy any line starting with “<a href" and ending with " from the code above, paste where you want it to appear and replace the code starting with “<i class="fa " and ending with "” with that of your chosen icon.

Finally, after adding the icon, the list will look like this:









Note: don’t forget to change the title and add your URL between the quotes.

Once you’ve finished editing the icons, insert the code into a HTML/Javascript gadget by going to “Layout” and click on the “Add a gadget” link. If you’re using WordPress, paste it in a Text widget.

Customize the Font Awesome Icons Using CSS

Suppose you want to make the icons a lot bigger than they currently are. That task is made simple with the use of CSS. Here’s a sample code:

#fawesomeicons a {
    font-size: 16px;
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    line-height: 30px;
}

To change the font size, increase or decrease the 16px value. Below are the values (30px) for the container’s width and height which should always match. Increasing/decreasing these values, will increase/decrease the size of the container where is the font.

Here are some different styles for the font awesome social icons. In the CSS, look for the #background-color#border-color#font-color and #hover-color text so that you can know here to put the color codes. You can use this tool to generate the color code: Color Code Generator. And if you’re not familiar with CSS, please see this tutorial.

font awesome social icons

#fawesomeicons {
text-align: center;
}
#fawesomeicons a {
background: #background-color;
color: #font-color;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 16px;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
margin: 0 1px 6px;
}
#fawesomeicons a:hover{
background: #hover-color;
}

font awesome social icons

#fawesomeicons {
text-align: center;
}
#fawesomeicons a {
background: #background-color;
color: #font-color;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 16px;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
margin: 0 1px 6px;
-webkit-border-radius: 100%;
-moz-border-radius: 100%;
border-radius: 100%;
}
#fawesomeicons a:hover{
background: #hover-color;
}

font awesome social icons

#fawesomeicons {
text-align: center;
}
#fawesomeicons a {
border: 1px solid #border-color;
color: #font-color;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 16px;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
margin: 0 1px 6px;
}
#fawesomeicons a:hover{
background: #hover-color;
}

font awesome social icons

#fawesomeicons {
text-align: center;
}
#fawesomeicons a {
border: 1px solid #border-color;
color: #font-color;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 16px;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
margin: 0 1px 6px;
-webkit-border-radius: 100%;
-moz-border-radius: 100%;
border-radius: 100%;
}
#fawesomeicons a:hover{
background: #hover-color;
}

font awesome social icons

#fawesomeicons {
text-align: center;
}
#fawesomeicons a {
color: #font-color;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 23px;
margin: 0 6px 6px;
}
#fawesomeicons a:hover{
background: #hover-color;
}

Now, what if we want to change the background or font color of a specific icon? First, we need to identify the icon class which is just after the <i class="fa …" and add it like this:

#fawesomeicons a .fa-facebook {
background: #background-color;
color: #font-color;
}

Here, we can change the background and color for the Facebook icon but we can do it for any icon you want. For example, let’s add another rule for the twitter icon:

#fawesomeicons a .fa-facebook {
background: #background-color;
color: #font-color;
}
 #fawesomeicons a .fa-twitter {
background: #background-color;
color: #font-color;
}

To make the fonts bigger, we can add the CSS code like this:

#fawesomeicons {
text-align: center;
}
#fawesomeicons a .fa{
display: inline-block;
font-size: 16px;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
}
#fawesomeicons a .fa-facebook {
background: #background-color;
color: #font-color;
}
 #fawesomeicons a .fa-twitter {
background: #background-color;
color: #font-color;
}

To apply, copy the code above and add the CSS rule with the icon class that you wish to change.

Important: When adding the class for your icon, always put a dot (.) in front of it as you can see in the example above, otherwise it won’t work.

And that’s it! Hopefully, this tutorial helped you to add Font Awesome social icons in Blogger. If you’re still in trouble adding them, please take a look at Examples page.

What are Insurance Premiums and How do They Work?

  An insurance premium is an amount that the insurance policyholders have to pay to get the benefits of their insurance policy. Insurance premiums work as income for the insurance companies that they get from the policyholders, in return for which, they become liable to provide coverage for the claims made against the policy.

These premiums are paid for healthcare, auto, life insurance, home and a lot more. If an individual or the organisation fail to pay the insurance, they may risk the cancellation of their policy. The amount of the premium depends on many factors, which will be different in different cases. Let’s understand the factors that affect the premiums’ amount.

Factors affecting the Insurance Premium Amount

The insurance premium depends on various factors and the insurance companies use these factors to decide your insurance premium amount. Here are those factors:

  • The type of coverage or insurance policy
  • Your age
  • Previous claims
  • The area/region in which you live

The premium amount for different types of insurance policies will be different. It will also be different for different coverage amounts, i.e., in general, the higher the coverage amount, the higher will be the premium. The premium amount also depends on the policyholders’ age, the amount will be lower for the younger people than the elder ones.

Also, if you have claimed coverage against any of your insurance policies before, it can increase the premium amount for the current period. Also, the area/region in which a policyholder lives can also affect the premium amount. Generally, the insurance companies estimate the risk and increase the premium amount if the risk is higher. For example, in the case of vehicle insurance, the premiums may be higher in urban areas than the rural/suburban ones.

Types of Insurance Policies in India

As we have discussed what an insurance premium is and the factors that affect the premium amount, let’s look at different types of insurance policies in India. Mainly there are 8 different types of insurance policies in India, where some are more common than others.

  • Life Insurance- Life insurance provides coverage to the nominee/family members after the death of the policyholder
  • Health Insurance-
  • Motor Insurance- Motor insurance, on the other hand, provides coverage against the damage/theft of the vehicles. Property insurance provides coverage against the damage of houses, buildings, etc.
  • Property Insurance-
  • Travel Insurance- Travel insurance is a short-term coverage plan and offers claims against the losses/accidents that occur during a trip
  • Mobile Insurance- Mobile insurance provides coverage against damage/theft of the mobile phone
  • Cycle Insurance- Cycle insurance, on the other hand, provides the same for your bicycle and may also provide accidental death coverage to the family members of the policyholders
  • Bit-Size Insurance- Bit-size insurance minimises the financial liabilities of the policyholders for a very limited period

There can be other types of insurance policies, which would be different from the ones mentioned above, depending upon the insurance companies. Life insurance, Health insurance, Motor insurance and property insurance are preferred by most of the policyholders.

Finding the Best Insurance Policy

If you are looking to buy an insurance policy for yourself or any family member, and you want to find the policy that suits you the best, then you can do it easily online. There are many platforms like Paytm Insurance that allow you to check and compare the premium amounts against the coverage sum of different insurance companies.

All you have to do is enter details like your age or the age of the person you want to buy an insurance policy for, your relationship with them, type of insurance policy, area, etc. Compare different platforms by entering these details to check the premium amount and the coverage of different insurers and then choose the one that suits your needs the best.

Benefits of Having an Insurance Policy

Life is full of uncertainties and we do not know when we find ourselves in an unpredictable and disastrous situation. Having an insurance policy is the best way to manage the financial losses in such situations; however, there are a few more benefits of having an insurance policy. It helps the cash flow management in an uncertain event but it can also provide you with investment opportunities such as unit-linked investment plans. Plus, you can also get tax benefits with your insurance policy.

Conclusion

An insurance premium is an amount that every insurance policyholder has to pay; in return for which, the insurers provide coverage against the losses as per the policy. When an insurance policyholder stops paying his/her insurance premium, he/she indirectly risk the cancellation of the policy.