Human Rights

Human Rights and evolution

What are Human rights:-

Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death.

Human rights are independent of where you belong to, what you believe or how you want to live your life.

The Universal Declaration of human rights which proclaimed to inalienable rights of all people was established by the UN General Assembly in the year 1948.

These basic rights are based on shared values like dignity fairness equality respect and independence.

   universal Declaration of Human Rights

The cruelty and havoc of the second world war gave rise to concern of protection of basic human right and international priority.

The united nation was founded in 1945, the UN allowed more than 50 member states to contribute to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted in 1948.

This was the first time, a globe level initiative to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of every individual in the world.

The values of human rights are defined and protected by law.

In Britain, our Human Rights are protected by the Human Rights Act 1998.

Evolution of Human Rights

Human Rights has been evolving from the beginning of their formation.  Development and Evolution take place according to time. There are Three Generation of Human Rights :-                    

Civil- political, socio-economic and collective- development.

• The First Generation of Human Rights

First-generation rights deal with “ civil – political “  rights, which demands liberty and participation in political life.

They are negative and individualistic , and called “ blue rights”

They include :-

Right to life

Right to equality before the law

Freedom of speech

Freedom of religion

Property right

The right to a fair trial

Voting rights

Article 3 to 21 of the Human Rights give globe status of these rights in international law.

• Second Generation of Human Rights

Second generation of human rights deal with “socio-economic” human rights that demands equal conditions and treatment.

It is based On the principles if social justice and public obligation.

They are “positive “ in nature, and called “ Red right”.

They include :-

Right to employment

Right to food

Right to live in favourable conditions

Right to housing and health care

Right to social security

Article 22 to 28 of the universal Declaration define socio-economic rights.

• The Third Generation of Human Rights

The third generation deals with “ collective – development” rights of  people and groups held against their respective States aligns with the final tenet of “ fraternity”.

The rights in this category can not be exerted individually but only by groups or collectives of people.

They are referred to as “green rights”.

They include :-

Group and collective rights

Right to healthy environment

Right to natural resources

Right to participation in cultural heritage

Right to self determination

Article 29 and 30 of the universal Declaration defines Third generation rights.

• Fourth generation of human rights

Many political scientist  claim of fourth generation of human rights that includes the rights that left in the third generation of Human Rights.

It specially deals with technical and digital rights.