Unemployment refers to those who are competent and actively seeking employment but are unable to find one. Those in the workforce who are working but are not in a suitable position are included in this category.

In India, because of its rising population and need for jobs, the country’s unemployment difficulties are significant. There are hundreds of thousands of individuals out there that are unemployed.

As per, center for monitoring Indian economy (CMIE) report India’s unemployment rate is 12.81 percent as of June 8th, 2021, despite the lockdown and limitations on movement. Previously, India’s unemployment rate increased from 6.5 percent in March 2021 to 8% in April 2021, rising to 14.7 percent by the end of May, while employment decreased from 37.6 percent in March to 36.8 percent in April. Many companies have been forced to close because of the lockdown to contain the coronavirus epidemic, resulting in increased unemployment across the country. So, if we ignore this problem, it will become the nation’s undoing. 

The administration has taken the situation seriously and is taking steps to reduce unemployment gradually. Following are the initiatives taken by Indian government to tackle the problem of unemployment: –

1. TRYSEM (Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment) was established by the government in 1979. The goal of this program was to assist jobless youngsters in rural regions aged 18 to 35 years old in learning self-employment skills. Women and youth from the SC/ST group were given priority. 
2. In the following year, 1980, the government established the Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) with the goal of creating full-time jobs in rural regions.
3. In 1982, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Educational Trust, Canara Bank, and Syndicate Bank collaborated on a new project called RSETI/RUDSETI. The goal of RUDSETI, which stands for Rural Development and Self Employment Training Institute, was to reduce young unemployment. RSETIs (Rural Self-Employment Training Institutes) are currently handled by banks with active participation.
4. The Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY) began in April 1989 by combining two existing wage employment programs, the RLEGP (Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Program) and the NREP (National Rural Employment Program), on an 80:20 cost-sharing basis between the state and the center.
5. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) was passed in 2005, giving individuals the right to work in rural areas. MGNREGA’s employment plan aims to offer social security by guaranteeing all families with adult members who choose unskilled labor-intensive jobs a least of 100 days of paid work per year.
6. In November 2014, the National Skill Development Mission was established to pursue the ‘Skill India’ goal in ‘Mission Mode,’ bringing together current skill training programs and combining scale and quality of skilling efforts with speed.
7. In 2015, the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) was introduced. The goal of PMKVY was to enable the country’s young to enroll in industry-relevant skill training to earn a better living
8. In 2016, the government announced the Start-Up India Scheme. The goal of the Startup India programs was to create an environment that nurtured and promoted entrepreneurship throughout the country.
9. In the same year, the Stand Up India Scheme was also introduced to help women and SC/ST borrowers get bank loans between Rs 10 lakh and Rs 1 crore to start a greenfield business.

Furthermore, the government makes some restrictions flexible under these programs so that jobs might be produced in the private sector as well. To sum up, we may say that India’s unemployment crisis has reached a tipping point. However, the government and local governments have finally recognized the problem and are striving to address it to minimize unemployment. Also, this problem should be addressed correctly by determining its causes so that it doesn’t create a major social and economic problem that has far-reaching consequences across the board if left neglected.