Tag: population control

Population Ecology

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Population: A group of individuals of a given species that live in a specific geographic area at a given time is known as population. Population include individuals of same species but may have different genetic makeup such as hair, eyes or skin color and size between themselves and other population.

The term “population ecology” is often interchangeably used with the term such as population biology or population dynamics. Population ecology is important in conservation biology especially in the development of population viability analysis. The human population is growing at a logistic rate and has been affecting the population of other species in return. Population ecology is the study of how the population sizes of a species change over time and space.

Control Methods of Population:

  • Population control may involve culling, translocation and manipulation of the reproductive capability.
    • Culling: It is the process of segregating organism from a group according to desired or undesired characteristics.
    • Translocation: It is a type of chromosomal abnormality.
    • Manipulation: skillful handling, controlling or using something or someone.
  • The growth of a population maybe limited by environmental factors such as food supply or predation.
  • The main biotic factors that affect population growth include-
    • Food: Both the quantity and quality of food are important. For example; snails can’t reproduce successfully in an environment low in calcium, no matter how much food there is because they need calcium for their growth.
    • Predator: As the prey population becomes larger it becomes easier for the predators to find prey. If the number of predators suddenly, falls, the prey species might rise.
    • Competitor: The organisms may require the same resources from the environment and reduce the growth of population. Competition for territory and for mates can drastically reduce the growth of individual organisms.
    • Parasites: These may cause disease and slow down the growth and reproduction rate of organisms within a population.
  • Important a biotic factors affecting growth are:
    • Temperature: Higher temperature speed up enzyme catalyzed reactions and increase growth.
    • Oxygen availability: It affects the rate of energy production by respiration.
    • Light availability: For photosynthesis light may also control breeding cycles in animals and plants.
    • Toxins and pollutants: Tissues growth can be reduced by the presence of pollutant like sulphur dioxide (SO2) and toxins like oestrogen.

Methods of Population Planning:

  • Higher taxation of parents who have too many children.
  • Abstinence: The practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something.
  • Reducing infant mortality so that parents do not need to have many children to ensure at least some would survive to adulthood.
  • Sterilization
  • Abortion
  • One child or two child policies
  • Family planning
  • Create small family role models
  • Migration from rural areas to urban areas
  • Emigration
  • Family planning: It is used to ensure that a women gets a child when she actually wants it. It reduces accidental pregnancies and ensures an controlled family size.
  • Raising level of education: Education, particularly that of woman, is very important in population control. It changes cultural beliefs and attitudes. It makes people liberal in approach.

Population Explotion

Do you know the evergreen asset and even problem of India? From the title you have already got the answer for it, our increasing population. It has been a strength and a hinders too. Let’s look as some positive and negative sides of it.

Positive aspect

  • Helps in economic growth : having a large population always impact economic growth as more and more companies would like to invest in India, as there are availability of cheap and skilled labours.
  • Strength of the country : being one of the largest democracy in the world, help India to have a significant and important place in the world to play.
  • Large number of killed people : as there is large number of skilled labour available in India so they are in huge demand in the foreign Nation.
  • Large market : because of the large population India has a very large market for which there is huge competition among the multinational companies to invest in India for that they can get profit.

Negative aspects

  • Increase in unemployment : there is large population so the competition to get job increases which increases the unemployment among the people.
  • Shortage of space : as the population grows the area of country remains the same and it creates problem for people to have a property for oneself.
  • And equal wealth distribution : There is huge competition for job so there is huge difference between the salaries too, which increases the gap between the rich and the poor.
  • Difficulty in controlling population : As there is huge population it is difficult for the government to handle their issues and make a plan which is good for everyone.
  • Huge competition : having large population means having competition for everything and everywhere.
  • Dissatisfaction some social group : as having one of the largest population in the world whatever the policies are made there is always a dissatisfaction among some group of society i.e., you can’t make everyone happy.

There is always a positive and negative aspect for everything we should always look at the positive side and should try to get the solution for the negative aspects as well. No the government is also looking the add population control as type so as to have a better future ahead.