University of Oxford

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The University of Oxford is the oldest university in the English-speaking world, and is actually so ancient that its founding date is unknown – though it is thought that teaching took place there as early as the 11th century. 
It’s located in and around the medieval city center of Oxford, dubbed “the dreaming city of spires” by the 19th century poet Matthew Arnold, and comprises 44 colleges and halls as well as the largest library system in the UK. 
There are 22,000 students at Oxford in total, around half of whom are undergraduates, while 40 per cent are international students. A quarter of the city of Oxford’s residents are students, giving the city the youngest population in the UK. 
The University of Oxford does not have a main campus, its buildings and facilities instead being scattered around the medieval city center. Its colleges each have a distinctive character and traditions often dating back centuries. Colleges are self-governing institutions to which students usually apply directly. There are four academic divisions within Oxford University: Humanities, Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences; Medical Sciences; and Social Sciences. The university’s particular strength is the sciences, and it is ranked number one in the world for medicine.
Oxford is a youthful and cosmopolitan city with plenty to see and do. There are dozens of historic and iconic buildings, including the Bodleian Libraries, Ashmolean Museum, Sheldonian Theatre, the cathedral, and the colleges themselves. 
Students can choose to spend their time studying or avail themselves of the many extracurricular activities available. There’s a strong musical life at Oxford, with clubs and societies spanning all genres, from jazz, through to classical and folk. Oxford is also ranked highly for sport, with its top rowers taking part every year in the world-famous boat race with the University of Cambridge on the River Thames. Drama lovers are also well catered for, with one of the largest and most vibrant university drama scenes in the country.
Oxford has an alumni network of over 250,000 individuals, including more than 120 Olympic medalists, 26 Nobel Prize winners, seven poets laureate, and over 30 modern world leaders (including Bill Clinton, Aung San Suu Kyi, Indira Ghandi and 26 UK Prime Ministers). 
It has a friendly rivalry with Cambridge for the title of best university in the UK and is regularly ranked as being one of the top three universities in the world. Notable Oxford thinkers and scientists include Tim Berners-Lee, Stephen Hawking and Richard Dawkins. 

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU)

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Young and research-intensive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) is placed 12th globally, and 1st among the world’s best young universities for five consecutive years (QS university rankings).
 
Home to 33,000 students, NTU offers engineering, science, business, humanities, arts, social sciences, and education, and has a joint medical school with Imperial College London.
 
Ranked the top university in the world for citations in artificial intelligence (Nikkei and Elsevier 2017) for the period 2012-2016, NTU is embracing digital technologies for better learning and living as part of its Smart Campus vision. It has partnerships with the world’s leading technology companies such as Alibaba, Rolls-Royce, BMW, Volvo, Delta Electronics, and Singtel in many areas of societal importance and impact that include artificial intelligence, data science, robotics, smart transportation, computing, personalised medicine, healthcare and clean energy.
 
The NTU Smart Campus is not only a living testbed of tomorrow’s technologies, but it is also frequently listed among the world’s Top 15 most beautiful university campuses. It has 57 Green Mark-certified (equivalent to LEED-certified) building projects comprising more than 230 buildings, of which 95% are certified Green Mark Platinum.
 
Apart from its main campus, NTU also has a medical campus in Novena, Singapore’s healthcare district.

India Will Now Not Tolerate Sponsored Terrorism

Let me begin with a candid confession: Hitting terrorists right where their terror training camps were operating openly in Pakistan with full impunity was something which I could not imagine even in my wildest of dreams but this present dispensation led by Prime Minister Narendra Damodardas Modi has made this happen in reality! India has certainly outsmarted even Israel! It has to be borne in mind that Israel has never had to deal with a nuclear armed state or with conventional armed forces of the size of Pakistan’s. This has undoubtedly boosted India’s image and has shattered the charade that India only knows how to tolerate terror attacks but never knows how to retaliate against such attacks!

                                           To be sure, India has hit targets now across the international border that is deep inside the very heart of Pakistan in Balakot in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. PM Narendra Modi on March 1, 2019 rightly declared that the country will no longer be “helpless” in the face of terror, saying a “New India” will pay back terrorists with ‘interest’ and that their influence has been curtailed and will be curbed further. While reiterating his government’s firm resolve to hit hard against terrorism by retaliation, PM Modi slammed the previous Congress-led UPA government for not following such aggressive tactics and accused it of “blocking” surgical strikes post 26/11 Mumbai attacks in November 2008. The then Air Force Chief wanted to hit deep inside Pakistan but Centre did not then give the green signal!
                                            Simply put, PM Narendra Modi rightly said that, “The country has been facing the menace of terrorism for years but there is a big difference now…India will no longer be helpless in the face of terror.” No one can deny that the whole world including Pakistan and terror groups operating in Pakistan are now themselves feeling terrorized by what India has done under the leadership of PM Modi and for this we all must feel proud of him! One can gauge this even if we hear Pakistani leaders themselves saying in Parliament that India had the guts to send 14 air fighter planes right inside Pakistan to hit and we could not prevent it! On the contrary, India had gunned down their F-16 airfighter which tried to enter India very swiftly! This alone explains why many Opposition members in Pakistan cried “Shame, Shame” the moment Imran Khan entered Parliament!” Who can deny this? Only the political opponents of PM Modi!
                                      It is a national tragedy and a national shame that some major opposition parties after initially hailing the air strikes have now suddenly taken a U turn and are shamelessly questioning the capability of our air force to strike deep inside Pakistan and calling for concrete proof so that they can believe it! Nothing on earth can be more shameful! PM Modi is right in saying that, “The world is supporting India’s fight against terror but a few parties suspect our fight against terror. These are the same people whose statements are helping Pakistan and harming India.”   
                                              Telling Opposition parties to stop weakening India with their statement to strengthen their own politics, the PM rightly said, “Modi will come and go, India will remain. Don’t weaken India for your political mileage. Your politics can wait but not the nation’s security.” Air Marshal Hari Kumar who as Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C) of Western Air Command oversaw the Balakot air strike on terrorist training camp of Jaish-e-Mohammad rightly said that, “What was the task set to us we have achieved it. The rest of it is for the government to decide. Nobody wants war.” But he then rightly added a rider that, “Neither can we tolerate terrorists killing our citizens. We cannot tolerate cross border terrorism. The message has to be sent that we cannot lose citizens, in uniform or otherwise. Our IAF has the capability to hit anywhere.”
                                        Will Opposition leaders question this also? When the whole world including dreaded terror group Jaish-e-Mohammad who claimed responsibility for the Pulwama terror suicide bomb attack on CRPF is acknowledging air strikes by India in Pakistan, some of our politicians shamelessly led by the  like of Mamata Banerjee are questioning whether the air strikes by the Indian Air Force (IAF) on a terror camp in Pakistan resulted in any casualties at all. Mamata said without any remorse while talking to the media at the State secretariat most brazenly and recklessly that, “From today one, we are hearing, particularly on national television channels that 300-350 persons died in the air strikes. We want to know how many people actually [have] died. Did anyone die at all? Where were the bombs dropped? Were the bombs dropped at the right place?”
                                   If Opposition parties still continue questioning our forces, they will themselves be squarely responsible for contributing the most in ensuring Modi and BJP’s thumping majority in the upcoming elections! God cannot stop BJP from winning if Opposition leaders keep mocking at our soldiers by asking for proof so that they can believe what Government says or for what top defence officers say! Time will prove whether I am right or wrong!
                                    Let me say this on record: I am not associated with BJP in any manner or with any of its sister organizations like RSS among others! In fact, till recently I was in fact the worst critic of BJP and my dislike started with BJP’s handling of Kargil war under stewardship of former PM late Atal Bihari Vajpayee and stupidly welcoming Pakistani invader Musharraf like a royal emperor only to get attack on Parliament, attack on Akshardham, releasing the chief of Jaish-e-Mohammad Masood Azhar along with 3 others  etc, foolishly choosing  not to retaliate hard even after the Defence Services Chiefs wanted to hit Pakistan hard and this continued even after PM Modi took over for foolishly declaring Ramzan ka ceasefire thus directly helping Pakistan and terrorists to attack freely our soldiers wherever they want and whenever they want or going to Pakistan all of a sudden and getting Pathankot in return and then again foolishly inviting ISI agent only to be rebuffed by Pakistan when India’s turn came for sending NIA to Pakistan or allowing withdrawal of criminal cases from about 10,000 stone pelters as we saw in Mehbooba’s term as CM who came to power with BJP’s support.”  
                                       My blind hatred for BJP diminished after surgical strikes that Indian army soldiers carried out after Uri terror attack and it now stands almost destroyed after this unexpected air strikes right inside Pakistan where terror training camps were operating with impunity! Honestly speaking, I am deeply impressed by these air strikes and I truly applaud and appreciate PM Modi for taking such a courageous decision that has shaken Pakistan to the core! No political party and no PM in last three decades ever dared to do what BJP under stewardship of PM Modi has chosen to do  now! The whole world is talking about it! India cannot be taken for granted now no matter how loudly the Opposition parties may scream!
                                     But Opposition parties led by Mamata are leaving no stone unturned to undermine it! My father till recently always used to admire her leadership qualities to which I used to nod! But now I have told even my father point blank that how can any true Indian talk like this and speak in a way that directly helps our enemy nation that is Pakistan? My father conceded then that she should not have spoken like this as she is directly questioning rather insulting not just PM Modi but even our forces who fight so valiantly!
                                            Even Lt Gen (Retd) DR Soni while speaking in a news channel too was at pains to note that leaders question directly our forces and their capability to strike deep inside Pakistan and said that what impact will it have on the morale of young soldiers and officers with about 5 years experience these politicians don’t think while speaking! How frustrated Pakistan is can be well gauged by the fact that it has brazenly started indiscriminate firing in border areas just like it did after the surgical strikes in 2016 and now the same old story is being repeated again! What bigger proof is needed than this? The Opposition once again after initially welcoming the attack have started following Mamata! Are they not responsible for scripting their own electoral debacle?  
                                      It is high time and Opposition must specify whether it stands with Pakistani version or with Indian version? You cannot have it both ways! No true Indian will ever back Pakistani version which even some of their own brave journalists are not ready to accept. Very rightly so!
                                       Is the brother of Masood Azhar speaking lies and shedding crocodile tears while saying that they have suffered a lot and lost many? Countering denials of the Pakistani government and military, Maulana Ammar who is the younger brother of Masood Azhar who heads Jaish-e-Mohammad has in an audio confirmed that Indian fighters hit the JeM camp near Balakot in Khyber Pakhtunwa province of Pakistan. He said that, “This is a declaration of war by the enemy. The Indian aircraft did not attack any safe house of any agency. It did not bomb the headquarters of any agency. They bombed a centre where students were learning jihad for the assistance of Muslims of Kashmir. This is not a jihad of any agency, by coming out of its territory to attack us, India has ensured we start our jihad against it.”
                                         Will Mamata and the likes of her question this also? Have they not really gone crazy in their blind hatred for PM Modi? You answer that! Every true Indian should endorse what Arun Jaitley has said that, “Opposition has given a chance to Pakistan to smile.” Should we be proud of this? People will reply them by voting! Not for me to reply by pen!
                                       I don’t know who is misguiding Mamata Banerjee to venture to even say something senseless like this that, “We don’t war for the sake of politics. If war takes place in the interests of the country then our full support is with the country. We don’t want war for political interests and for winning an election. We want peace.”
                                  What message is she trying to send by saying this? Does India want war? Has India engineered Pulwama attack for political interests? Has India retaliated for winning an election?
                              What type of peace is she talking about? That peace under which stone pelters alone are given full freedom to attack our brave soldiers fearlessly and act like true Pakistani soldiers? That peace under which our forces keep getting killed and we keep inviting foolishly ISI agents as was actually done after Pathankot terror attack? That peace under which Ramzan ka ceasefire is declared as we have seen time and again which actually is unfettered licence to terrorists and BAT (Border Action Team) of Pakistan to attack our soldiers when unarmed and unprepared, behead them and take their head to be kept as trophy or to be played as football with amongst themselves as has happened also actually? This is the type of peace which Mamata wants?
                                           What is worse is that once Mamata says something so brazenly and foolishly, we see leaders from other parties too quickly jumping in the bandwagon and singing the same tune like her! They are themselves responsible for scripting their own defeat well in advance! Even God cannot save them from losing if they keep endorsing what Pakistan says and keep assailing our forces capability to strike deep inside Pakistan!
                                  Even some Pakistani ministers have acknowledged right inside Parliament that this is the first time after 1971 that Pakistan has been attacked by India! Are they also speaking lies? Obviously India will not send 12 planes and drop 1000 tonnes bomb just to kill a crow or just to target few trees or just to fool the world! Will Opposition question this also! God help them! Even God will refuse to help them in the upcoming elections if they refuse to mend their ways!     
                                       As it turned out, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley rightly said in a dig at opposition and sections of media who have raised questions about the effectiveness of IAF’s strikes on Jaish-e-Mohammad’s terror camp at Balakote deep inside Pakistan  that “compulsive contrarians discovered a new Balakote” which lies just next to LoC inside Indian territory. Jaitley while speaking at the launch of book titled ‘Mann Ki Baat – A Social Revolution on Radio’, based on Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s monthly radio broadcast rightly and wisely said that, “When our Air Force reached Balakot in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, before one could gather any information someone started saying it is very close to the LoC (Line of Control) and some people whom I call compulsive contrarians discovered a new Balakote without even checking that Balakote is not across the LoC but in our own Poonch.” Why will our own Air Force attack our own territory” Jaitley rightly asked, suggesting that the simple question escaped the “compulsive contrarians” because of their bias.
                             Let me tell Jaitley: Every true Indian stands with Centre in what they have done and proudly salute for doing what no government in power in Centre has ever done before! Even Israel has applauded it as “most courageous”! I am so proud of PM Modi for what he has done after Pulwama attack that it is for the first time in life that I who till some time back was his worst critic will venture to even say that, “God must ensure PM Modi’s victory as he deserves it richly for what he has done. By retaliating strongly we have proved to the world that we are not just sitting ducks and can strike very hard where it hurts the most and most swiftly when provoked!”
                                 Lord Krishna had once famously said that, “Vinash kale viprit buddhi” which means that when time is destined to bring disaster then mind also stops working! This is what all those leaders of opposition led by Mamata Banerjee are demonstrating now most brazenly!       
                                    Mamata and the likes of her are not ready to believe even Maulana Ammar who is younger brother of jasih chief Masood Azhar who said that, “Today the enemy has answered all questions itself when the enemy crossed the mountains and entered our land and launched attacks on our Islamic centre.” Mamata will not buy any argument that is opposed to her nonsensical stand! She stands fully exposed!  
                                    Maulana Mehmood Madani of Jamiat-Ulema-e-Hind has warned Pakistan that they will be sorted out if they don’t reform. He also said that just recently Hindustan has proved that we are not weak. Now will Mamata and likes of her question Madani also? How long will Mamata run away from the stark truth? It is advantage BJP and she is only further serving to accelerate the pace!
                              Will Mamata question space technology also and photos of the destroyed sites of Jaish hideout? What has happened to her? So surprising that even some of her learned MPs like Derek O’ Brien of TMC  are questioning BJP leader Manoj Tiwari for wearing army dress and insulting army! What is wrong in it? Manoj Tiwari rightly asked that if someone wears Nehru’s dress, will it be his insult? The whole nation is proud of Army!   
                         Rajanth Singh who is Union Home Minister and whom every true Indian saluted after he shouldered a coffin of a slain CRPF soldier during a wreath laying ceremony for the martyrs of Pulwama terror attack rightly and wisely said that, “You have seen the power of our Army and CRPF. Once the government decided to strike terrorist hideouts on Pakistani soil, there was no second thought. Our jawans successfully accomplished the plan and destroyed the camp where around 300 terrorists were staying and taking training.” He further rightly quipped that, “As Pakistan is a neighbouring country, we should have cordial relations with it. Indian PMs have always tried their best to have a good relationship, and Atal Bihari Vajpayee even went there with a peace message. But I wonder why Pakistan does not give up its nefarious designs against India.”
                                          Talking about the response of the global community after the Pulwama attack, Rajnath also rightly said: “Today, the entire world has come on a single platform against terrorism. Even the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), which represents about 57 Islamic countries, invited India to its conference. This shows that India’s influence over the world communities has increased.” Who can deny this?
                                      Union Minister of External Affairs Sushma Swaraj addressed the OIC as a guest of honour, which was a big diplomatic success for India. She rightly and sagaciously summed up by saying that, “The success of a country could be measured by its military and diplomatic wins. Our armed forces destroyed terror camps in Pakistan and we also successfully won the diplomatic battle.”
                                      It is most heartening to note that Rajanth Singh has declared that the government had decided to fight a decisive war against terrorism and it has begun! He also said after laying the foundation stone of CRPF Group Centre in Chakia (Chandauli) in UP that, “Terrorism has emerged as a big challenge before the world community. Not only India, but most of the countries in the world are affected by terrorism. But, I assure you that it would not last very long as our government has decided to wage a decisive war against terrorism to eliminate it completely from the Indian soil.”  
                                            Talking of all-round pressure on Pakistan to stop supporting terrorism, Rajnath predicted that, “A situation will soon arise when Pakistan will be compelled to eliminate terrorism from its soil. Otherwise, a situation would be created for complete elimination of terrorism from Pakistani soil. No power in the world can stop it. India has shown the world that it could hit terrorism not only on its own soil but also on foreign soil.”
                               No doubt, this present dispensation at Centre has very swiftly and sternly proved this also which has forced dreaded terror group Jaish-e-Mohammad who initially roared like a tiger by claiming responsibility to mellow down and then cry like a cat and lick its wound in the open as we saw Maulana Ammar doing who is younger brother of Jaish chief Masood Azhar! Centre’s crackdown on terrorists, on sympathizers of terrorists like Hurriyat by withdrawing their security and sending some of them to jail, withdrawing MFN status from Pakistan, imposing 200% duty on import items, banning Jamaat-e-Islami, deciding not to give India’s share of water to Pakistan etc are some few steps which are really comemdnable even though there are many more that have been taken or are being contemplated currently to be taken in future! Pakistan must wake up before it is too late!
                               It is a no-brainer that Foreign Minister of Pakistan Shah Mehmood Qureshi should stop fooling the world by saying that, “We will not allow Pakistani soil to be used by any group or any organisation for terrorist activities against any state including India”. Even an insane person will not believe Qureshi! This is because when Hafiz Saeed who is Chief of terror group Lashkar-e-Taiba or Syed Salaluddin who is chief of Hizbul Mujahideen and ehad of United Jihad Council publicly threaten to kill Indian and butcher them mercilessly and to bleed India by thousand cuts, do they do so because they are shooting some film?” How long will Qureshi and Pakistan fool this world?     
                                      Former Pakistani Army Chief and President Gen Pervez Musharraf had himself said a long time back that, “Osama to hero hain ji hero. Hafiz Saeed bhi to hero hain. Woh to bilkul aasli hero hain. Wohi baat Syed Salaluddin ki hain. Bharat ke liye ye aatankwadi hain paar hamare liye to yeh freedom fighter hain ji aur bilkul aasli hero hain ji.” Will Qureshi deny this also? What all will he deny?
                               How long will Qureshi refuse to see the ground reality and the writing on the wall? Qureshi and his country Pakistan must remember the abiding validity of the time-tested old adage that, “You can fool some of the people some of the time, you can fool all the people some of the time, you can fool some of the people all the time but you cannot fool all the people all the time.”
                               No matter how hard Opposition parties may try to discredit the present dispensation, the real dirty face of Pakistan stands exposed in front of the world! The present dispensation has now sent a very strong message that India will not tolerate sponsored terrorism and will not respect any longer the boundary lines to target terror training camps! I must confess that I who till recently considered myself the most trenchant critic of BJP and PM Narendra Modi too has been radically transformed and melted substantially by these air strikes and tough measures taken against Pakistan for sponsoring terrorism from its soil!
                                    Keep it up! Bravo! Don’t rest till each and every terrorist is eliminated and keep launching such surgical strikes whenever any information is received from anywhere of terror camp operating in any part of Pakistan! The whole nation stands with you very firmly! Have just no doubt on this!
Sanjeev Sirohi, Advocate,
s/o Col BPS Sirohi,
A 82, Defence Enclave,
Sardhana Road, Kankerkhera,
Meerut – 250001, Uttar Pradesh

Top 25 University of Arts And Humanities in world – EduINDEX Ranking 2019

List of Top 25 University of Arts And Humanities in world – EduINDEX Ranking 2019

1. University of Oxford
2. Harvard University
3. University of Cambridge
4. University of California, Berkeley (UCB)
5. Stanford University
6. Yale University
7. Princeton University
8. Columbia University
9. University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
10. New York University (NYU)
11. University of Chicago
12. The University of Tokyo
13. The University of Edinburgh
14. National University of Singapore (NUS)
15. UCL (University College London)
16. The Australian National University
17. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
18. The University of Hong Kong
19. University of Toronto
20. The University of Melbourne
21. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
22. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
23. The University of Sydney
24. Freie Universitaet Berlin
25. University of British Columbia

Top 25 University of Arts And Humanities in world – EduINDEX Ranking 2019

List of Top 25 University of Arts And Humanities in world – EduINDEX Ranking 2019

1. University of Oxford
2. Harvard University
3. University of Cambridge
4. University of California, Berkeley (UCB)
5. Stanford University
6. Yale University
7. Princeton University
8. Columbia University
9. University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
10. New York University (NYU)
11. University of Chicago
12. The University of Tokyo
13. The University of Edinburgh
14. National University of Singapore (NUS)
15. UCL (University College London)
16. The Australian National University
17. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
18. The University of Hong Kong
19. University of Toronto
20. The University of Melbourne
21. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
22. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
23. The University of Sydney
24. Freie Universitaet Berlin
25. University of British Columbia

Islamabad High Court Rejects Plea Against Release Of Abhinandan

Can you tell me the name of one good Indian or even one good human being who is not proud of the release of Indian Air Force Wing Commander WC Abhinandan Varthaman from Pakistani custody? Each and every person who is humane whether he/she is Indian or Pakistani or anyone else is overjoyed on learning the news of the release of Abhinandan! Our whole nation drowned in joy the moment news started pouring in that Islamabad High Court rejects plea against release of Abhinandan and thus decks were cleared for his early release!
                                      Needless to say, Abhinandan has undoubtedly emerged as a great national icon after he was successful in making sure that even with the old Mig 21 Bison fighter jet of the 1960s,  Pakistan’s advanced F-16 fighter jet which had intruded into India was hit hard! Abhinandan  shot down the plane before his own went down, forcing him to eject and he fell into Pakistani territory and captured by Pakistani Army! Abhinandan’s family has served the Indian Air Force for generations, since the Second World War. Air Marshal S Varthaman who is a recipient of several honours, including a Param Vishisht Seva Medal said in a message that, “Abhi is alive, not injured, sound in mind, just look at the way he talked so bravely… a true soldier… we are so proud of him.” India stands one in celebrating his release!
                                Of course, even the film industry too expressed its happiness over his release. Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan too cheered the moment and took to Twitter to express his happiness. He wrote on Twitter that, “There is no better feeling than Coming back Home, for home is the place for love, hope & dreams. Ur bravery makes us stronger. Eternally grateful. #WelcomeBack Abhinandan.” It is not just film industry alone but each and every citizen of India as also all good human beings in every part of the world who celebrated his release. Ram Nath Koind who is President, Narendra Modi who is PM and Rahul Gandhi who is leader of Congress which is the main Opposition party among others all were equally delighted on seeing him getting released!
                           Be it noted, the Islamabad High Court in Muhammad Shoaib Razzaq Versus Federation of Pakistan through the President & 5 others in W.P. No. 786/2019 dated March 1, 2019 has clearly and convincingly dismissed a plea by Barrister Shoaib Razzaq in person seeking to stop the release of IAF pilot Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman. Razzaq vehemently contended that Abhinandan had committed a crime against the country and should be put on trial there. But all his arguments fell flat as Islamabad high Court refused to buy them and gave valid reasons for doing so!
                                  First and foremost, this latest, landmark and laudable judgment delivered by Athar Minallah who is Chief Justice of High Court of Islamabad sets the ball rolling in para 1 wherein it is observed that, “The petitioner has invoked the jurisdiction of this Court under Article 199 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Constitution’) aggrieved from the decision taken by the Government of Pakistan to release and handover Wing Commander V Abhinandan to India.”
                                 As it turned out, it is then pointed out in para 2 that, “The petitioner has appeared in person and has been heard at length. It is his case that the Prime Minister of Pakistan was not competent to take a decision regarding release of the pilot of the Indian Air Force, namely, Wing Commander V Abhinandan who was detained after his aircraft was shot down. He has argued that the latter had violated the sovereignty of Pakistan by unauthorizedly entering into its territory and that it was an act of war; the Parliament was not taken into confidence; the decision has been taken by ignoring the aspirations of the people of Pakistan; the detained pilot of the Indian Air Force is liable to be proceeded against and court martialled in Pakistan.
                                     To be sure, it is then stated in para 3 that, “The learned Counsel was asked as on what basis does he assert that the Parliament was not taken into confidence because the announcement was made by the Prime Minister of Pakistan on the floor of the House and that too during a joint session of the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament).”
                            More importantly, it is then clearly and convincingly held in para 5 that, “It is an admitted fact that the Prime Minister of Pakistan had announced the release of the detained pilot of the Indian Air Force, namely, Wing Commander V. Abhinandan on the floor of the House and that too during the joint session of the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament). It is also not denied that not a single Member of the National Assembly or the Senate had raised any objection when the announcement was made. The joint session of the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) was held to deliberate upon the current tense situation at the borders. It was during the said joint session of the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) that the announcement was made by the Prime Minister and affirmed by other Members. The petitioner’s argument that the Prime Minister of Pakistan was not competent or that the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) was not taken into confidence is, therefore, misconceived. The Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) represents every citizen of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Moreover, the patriotism of the Members of the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) is beyond doubt and, therefore, apprehensions of the petitioner in this regard are misplaced and not warranted.”
                     What’s more, it is then elegantly exemplified in para 6 stipulating that, “It is noted that the decision which was taken by the Prime Minister of Pakistan and announced on the floor of the House during the joint session of the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) pertains to matters of foreign policy, defence and security of Pakistan. It is settled law that such issues are neither justiciable nor fall within the domain of a High Court for interference under Article 199 of the Constitution. It has been unambiguously held by the august Supreme Court that any such interference by the Courts would be violative of one of the foundational principles of the Constitution, which envisages trichotomy of powers between the three branches, namely, Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. Reliance is placed on the cases of ‘Wukala Mahaz Barai Tahafaz Dastoor v. Federation of Pakistan and another’ [2014 SCMR 111] and ‘Syed Yousaf Raza Gillani, Prime Minister of Pakistan v. Assistant Registrar, Supreme Court of Pakistan and another’ [PLD 2012 SC 466]. Moreover, it has been held that the Constitution is based on the principles of trichotomy of powers between Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. Framing of a policy is within the exclusive domain of the Executive because the latter is in a better position in this regard because of the mandate, experience, wisdom and sagacity. The Legislature represents the people of Pakistan and primarily promulgates laws which are enforced in Pakistan. The Judiciary is entrusted with the task of interpreting the law and to play the role of an arbiter in case of disputes between individuals and between individuals and the State. It is on the basis of this rationale that Courts exercise judicial restraint in policy matters except in cases where it can be explicitly demonstrated that because of the policy, fundamental rights are being violated. Reliance is placed on the cases of ‘OGRA through Secretary v. Messrs Midway II, CNG Station and others’ [2014 SCMR 720], ‘Mesrs Power Construction Corporation of China Ltd. Through Authorized Representative v. Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority through Chairman WAPDA and 2 others’ [PLD 2017 SC 83] and ‘Mehmood Khan Achakzai and others v. Federation of Pakistan and others’ [          PLD 1997 SC 426].”
                                 Above all, the Islamabad High Court then in para 7 observes that, “The petitioner was asked whether any of his fundamental rights would be violated if the decision taken by the Prime Minister and announced on the floor of the House is implemented. The petitioner, despite his able assistance, could not satisfy this Court that his fundamental rights would be violated if the detained pilot of the Indian Air Force is handed over to the authorities of his State. The decisions which are taken by the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament), particularly during challenging times, are inevitably required to be respected and upheld. Even otherwise Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) is competent to affirm policies of the Government and after such affirmation, they cannot be subjected to judicial review. It is the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) alone which represents the will of the people of Pakistan and the other organs of the State are expected to respect and bow to its decisions. In the instant case the announcement made by the Prime Minister of Pakistan was affirmed by the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) in its joint session. Moreover, the decision pertains to policy matters in the context of foreign policy, defence and security of Pakistan and thus outside the realm of judicial review.”
                                    Lastly, para 8 then concludes this classic, courageous and commendable judgment by holding that, “For what has been discussed above, the instant petition is not judiciable under Article 199 of the Constitution and is, therefore, accordingly dismissed in limine.”   
                                        All said and done, we thus see that the Islamabad high Court has clearly and very rightly refused flatly to stop the IAF pilot Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman from being released as approved by the Pakistan’s PM Imran Khan and Parliament of Pakistan! The petitioner miserably failed in satisfying the court that his fundamental rights would be violated if the detained pilot Abhinandan is handed over to the authorities of the State! So the decks for Abhinandan’s release were cleared further and he was freed finally after 3 days of captivity! Also, Pakistan was bound by the Geneva Conventions to release him and until released treat him properly!      
Sanjeev Sirohi, Advocate,
s/o Col BPS Sirohi,
A 82, Defence Enclave,
Sardhana Road, Kankerkhera,
Meerut – 250001, Uttar Pradesh. 

Choosing the right school for your child

Choosing the perfect school for your child is not an easy task. There is always a thought bothering you whether you should study in a private or public school. There could be endless reasons because of which you might be sending your child to a private school. But still the fact is that choosing that one perfect school for you child can become a daunting task.
Choosing the right school for your child

If you have already made up your mind to send your child to a private school, then there must
Begin with identifying your needs then surveying the private schools. Once you have narrowed down the school you need to visit them personally and take a few things in consideration like:
Practical requirements
·         Find a place close to your workplace, the other thing that you need to do is look for the desired element that you need to find the perfect private school.
·         Travelling facilities provided by the school
·         If your child has any emotional, physical, linguistic or learning needs that you need to pay attention to
·         How much does the school cost and the budget of the private school?
Desired Requirements
·         Is preparing for school a priority?
·         Are modern school facilities important to you?
·         Is your child looking for a small school environment or a large school with s large strength?
·         How will the school authorities communicate with the parents when in need?
·         Some parents desire to send their child to a catholic school that instills and imparts faith based catholic values to their children which will be considered as a desired requirement. Monsignor Slade Catholic School in is a co-educational religious institution that fosters Christian values in the children. Therefore, majority of parents who will seek to admit their child in this particular school or any other catholic school would do so because of their specific desire to send their child to a catholic school. So, choices could be desire based.
Extracurricular requirements for your private school
After when you have completely analyzed the practical requirements and it fits your requirements then it is time to dress the cake with icing. Extracurricular activities are very crucial for your child and that can lead to the overall development of the child. Therefore, you need to check if the school is giving the child a push to participate in the extracurricular activities or not.
·         Before getting admission for your child see are their any sports facilities available in the college and if yes which all are?
·         What are the clubs that your child needs to attend?
·         Check what are the music and art programs are important to you?
Survey Schools
Don’t just take admission in the first school that you visit. Make sure that you shortlist so many schools that after that you can choose the best one out. Make sure that you collect all the numbers and facts of each school on the list:
·         Read the philosophy of the school, ask about the school’s program and the different approaches of teaching.
·         See if all the services that are available at the school such as on-site nurse, counsellors, secretary, librarian.
·         Check the school’s structure. Does it follow a year-round school or follows a traditional school calendar?
·         What is the qualification and background of the teacher?
·         Examine the policy of the school discipline to check if the rules are fair.
·         Find the school curriculum and look for the grading and the homework policies
·         Check for the school’s policy for students on carrying knives, guns, hazardous items etc.
·         Is the school accredited and if yes then how?
Check for the school policies regarding the students
·         What is the basis for grading the students?
·         What is the class size in the school? Class size matters a lot and especially in the primary grades.
·         Is the library well equipped?
·         The teaching methodology and if the teachers are working in groups or do they work in groups?
·         How does the school monitor the students and the academic standards?
·         What does the school do to support the students with the academics, emotional and social difficulties?
·         School’s policy for English speaking children.
The achievements of the school
According to a website Pen2Print– The accomplishments of a school explain how far it has gone and what are its future plans to go further. Therefore, you must always conduct a thorough research on the accomplishments of the school. After all it is about your child’s future.

Delivering a Poster Presentation

Poster presentations can be an excellent way to share research findings and the format of poster sessions has several advantages.  Presenters are able to engage with the audience in an interactive setting that allows them to get feedback and network with other scholars.  Poster sessions also have the potential to reach a larger number of people.  An appealling poster that is done correctly is the first step in drawing in the audience.  However, while the poster serves as a visual aid or illustration of the work, the poster session is really an opportunity for the researcher to personally educate others about the research findings.
Tips on Delivering the Presentation
  • Prepare and practice a 2-3 minute oral explanation of your poster and your work.
  • Do not read the poster to the audience!  The poster is there as a visual aid and illustration of the research.  The presenter should be making eye contact and engaging with the audience.
  • The presentation should explain the big picture and why the project is important.  It should provide a \”take home\” message.  Too much detail will lose the audience.
  • Refer to graphics/charts/data on the poster to illustrate and support findings and conclusions.
  • Do give the audience some time to absorb the information on your poster.  Do not stand directly in front of the poster so that they a full opportunity to view it. 
  • Prepare a summary handout so that people will remember the highlights of your work.  Be sure to include full contact information in the handout.
  • Know your poster well so you can refer to any section if questions arise.
  • Expect questions!  Questions may be very broad asking about the overall project or they may be specific, such as asking about the type of statistical analysis used.  Be prepared!
  • Admit when you do not know the answer to a question or when it is beyond the scope of the project.
  • Have business cards, summary handouts, or contact information ready for those who may want to contact you to discuss it further at a later date.
Tips on Professional Behavior
  • Dress professionally.  It lends credibility to your work. Wear comfortable shoes as you will be standing for long periods of time.
  • Wear your nametag, smile and make eye contact with potential viewers.
  • Be on time for the poster session and stay until the session is over.
  • Stay next to your poster so that you are available for discussion.
  • Do not get too in depth with any one viewers or others will not have an opportunity to learn about your research and ask questions.
  • Do not take criticism personally. The ability to get feedback is an advantage of a poster session.  This may be especially helpful if you plan to submit a manuscript for publication.
  • Focus on the viewers.  Do not get involved in social conversations with other presenters and colleagues at the expense of the audience.
  • Do not force handouts on those that do not seem interested.
The poster presentation is an excellent way to disseminate your research findings. A well-designed poster, a polished presentation and professional behavior will give you the opportunity to educate others and share your work.

Workshop/Interactive Presentation

Workshops are interactive sessions that can vary in length from approximately an hour to a full day. 

These sessions usually begin with explanatory or introductory information and then move on to involve the audience in some type of interactive, participatory activity.  Workshops and interactive presentations are particularly well suited for demonstrations, learning new skills or procedures, debates, exhibitions and so forth.

Symposium

A symposium is a type of conference or session that focuses on one particular topic. 

It is often a collection of papers from a number of contributors.  Each contributor will have an opportunity to present and a time for discussion.  This type of session is valuable when multiple perspectives on a particular subject may be of interest to the audience and can be put together in one session.  A symposium is also a time for networking and collaboration with peers and colleagues since these sessions are often comprised of experts in the field who have come together to share ideas.

Colloquium

This type of conference session is longer (often 90 minutes) and entails 5 or more presenters who are proposing papers on the same topic or theme. 

All presenters will speak individually (15 minutes approximately) and there will be additional time for discussion and questions.  These sessions have a more narrow focus and therefore attract attendees with a genuine interest in the topic. However, while the audience is well-educated, they are usually not specialists or experts on the topic. 

Poster Presentations

Poster presentations are opportunities for a larger number of researchers to present their research in the form a visual poster presentation. The posters are large (often 3\’ x 4\’) and provide the researcher with enough space to fully summarize their research in an attractive and professional way. 

The presenter typically prepares a short oral summary that can be given to those who are interested.  Attendees are free to move about the room and examine posters and talk individually to the presenters.  This format does allow the opportunity for a research target those that are genuinely interested and engage them in discussion that often allows for more detail.  Another advantage of this type of format is that researcher can receive valuable feedback from the attendees.  

Oral Presentations

Oral presentations are short talks that may be given individually or as part of a panel or group discussion.  Researchers often prefer oral presentations over poster sessions and other formats because many view them to the prestigious option.  There are several types of oral presentations:
  • Individual Presentations – These may be contributed or invited talks that are often 15-30 minutes in length and leave just a short time, if any, for questions from the audience.  The presenter will prepare a conference paper that will be presented and is typically a more focused, narrower version of their overall project. Paper presentations are assigned to the appropriate session and the most common formats include:    
    • Themed Session – These sessions at conference primarily include completed research or scholarly work.  The presentations will be grouped by topic or theme into sessions that include several related presentations.  This facilitates audience attendance and organizes topics at the conference.
    •  Roundtable Session – Roundtable sessions allow the presenter the opportunity to interact and converse more with the audience.  Presenters are assigned to a table in a conference room for the duration of the session and interested attendees may join them at their table. These sessions are typically best for position papers, policy analyses, and other types of topics that benefit from extended discussion time.
  • Panel Discussions – In panel discussions, two or more speakers will present different aspects, perspectives or thoughts on a particular topic, research problem, or question.  Each speaker will have an opportunity to present their information and when all the speakers are finished, there is typically time for discussion.

CONFERENCE THEME

We aim to explore the leading edge in terms of approaches and methods, but also of technology, professionalization, influence, and culture. 
We want to hear about the times when you have been at the edge; where you have pushed the boundaries, but also where you have hit walls and the lessons you’ve learned. 

We want to empower practitioners on the periphery to access content and capacity building opportunities by maximizing technology advance. 

1) Reflections from the edge: Sharing lessons learned from our practice. Exploring challenges as well as opportunities and ways to move forward.
2) Building on our edge: Sharing tools for building evaluation skills that transcend boundaries. Reaching more practitioners.
3) Re-thinking our edge: Breaking the mold through innovation and experimentation. Sharing new and radical approaches and methods for evaluation.
4) Perspectives from beyond the edge: Hearing how non-evaluators are using evaluative thinking to advance their organizations.

Debate

Two or three debaters should hold clearly differing points of view as they exchange insights on a topic of import to evaluators.

The interaction should be moderated by a chairperson with a prepared set of questions. Half of the presentation time should be devoted to response to audience questions. The main abstract should identify the topic, why the topic is of interest to evaluators, and the contrasting positions of the debaters. An alternative format would be to debate a specific proposition that would be directed towards a specific organization or institution, such as the EduINDEX.