The study investigates the three broad dimensions viz. overconfidence, optimism and loss aversion of investment behavior of engineers and their impact on the investment behavior in context of Indian Stock Market. We have studied the importance of each Behavioral dimension/bias in shaping the overall investment behavior. Also, the sub-factors of each dimension are studied in terms of their relative importance in shaping the broad dimension. A structured questionnaire were developed and distributed among 423 Engineers who are engineering graduate. Multi-criteria technique of AHP is used to define the relative contribution of each of the behavioral bias in shaping the investment behavior. The three biases have been studied viz. overconfidence, loss aversion and overreaction. The results revealed that overconfidence is the most important bias and plays most important role in shaping investment behavior followed by loss aversion and optimism. The most important factor in deriving overconfidence is self-attribution. Results also reveal that most of the engineers are loss averse because they do not like to realize their losses. However, they are not so optimistic for the stock market that they dont expect the price rise even after a long fall.
Month: June 2019
Current Collaborative Economies Business Model Airbnb: Changing the Hospitality Industry
This paper focuses on the study of one of the most recent and successful technology-based startups, whose nature is the hospitality industry. Airbnb is part of the model peer to peer of the collaborative economy, which means it is participating in a Community market based on trust the host-guest experience for traveling richer than it would simply stay in a hotel. For the development of this work the research methods will be descriptive and analytical due to the interest of not only explain the origin and strategies that practices the company but also doing an analysis of the tendency of users, both the hosts and guests about their perception of the services offered and whether it will become the preferred way to rent a space. The trends show that the explosive growth since its inception continues to be a trend, as long as the regulations imposed by different governments are met and that trust between users stays strong.
Quantification of Risk Appetite for Young Professionals: An Empirical Study
The debate over quantification of risk appetite of investor keeps evolving. As the modern portfolio theory gained prominence, the area has grabbed researchers interest world over resulting into many significant contributions made so far. However, this area needs exploration in Indian context to add to the existing body of knowledge. This paper is an attempt to contribute in this direction by developing the instrument for quantification of risk appetite. The final outcome of the study is a questionnaire with twelve items and four factors; 1. Psychological Perspective, 2.Financial Stability Perspective, 3.Societal Perspective, 4.Tendency to Panic. The researchers used Factor Analysis (EFA) to surface dominant factors attributable to quantification of risk appetite. The methodological framework included identification of factors by using anti-image correlations and Varimax Rotated Component Matrix. The sample of 160 young professionals from Rajkot and Ahmedabad were found adequate as per Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. As the study pertains to quantification of complex behavioral aspect, Chronbachs Alpha of fifty percent was considered satisfactory. The researchers believe that the study will predominantly facilitate Portfolio Management Services (PMS) to categorize investors based on their risk appetite. This would also be of relevance for Asset Management Companies (AMCs) to structure the schemes according to the risk profile of the investors.
Why Repeat the Failed Experiment? The Logic & the Economic Cost of the Note Ban
Demonetization is not new in India. Though twice tried earlier and failed, it was of late attempted again for the third time to fight black money, corruption and counterfeit currency. The recent note ban was however unique and unprecedented unlike the previous experiments owing to several factors. One major difference was its devastating impact on the lives of millions of people across our country. The acute liquidity crunch literally brought the informal sector of India to a standstill position. The study tries to understand the logic of using the demonetization exercise again, and analyzes its economic cost in the light of data and evidence available. More so, the study examines the arguments of the advocates of demonetization and draws a realistic conclusion with an alternative proposal. It questions if the government could have avoided this painful exercise and done it differently to achieve the goals it desired.
Determinants of Purchase Intention of Private Brands in India: A Study Conducted on Hypermarkets of Delhi
The present study proposes to study the impact of factors that affects the purchase intention of customers toward private brands with the broad objective to assist managers and marketers to gain good insight about the behavior of Indian buyers so that they can formulate effective strategies to improve the overall performance of private brands in terms of customer acceptability in hypermarkets. Based on extensive review of literature seven independent variables namely perceived price, perceived quality, perceived risk, perceived value, store image, store brand familiarity, shelf space allocation are identified to analyze the purchase intention towards private brands as dependent variable. The study was conducted Sep to Dec, 2017. For this research Delhi city is the main focus of this study as there are many hyper markets operate in this city. As well Delhi is full of multi-social class of people. Therefore, this research is to study Indian consumer attitude towards private brands. The research design used is causal research design. Data was collected from the customers through primary sources using questionnaire as instrument. A survey questionnaire was prepared using five point Likert scale to measure the response on continuous scale. Sample frame constitutes the customers of two hyper retail stores (Big Bazaar and Easy Day) who purchased the private brand in their purchase. Sampling techniques was judgemental and the effective sample size was 369. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used as data analysis tool. The taken model explains 76.2% variably of purchase intention of private brands by identified seven variables. Six independent variables viz., Perceived price, Perceived quality, Perceived risk, Perceived value, Store image and Store brand familiarity have significant impact on purchase intention towards private brands while one independent variables viz., Shelf space allocation have no significant impact on purchase intention towards private brands. Perceived risk & Perceived price is negatively related with purchase intention towards private brands. Store image has highest impact followed by Store brand familiarity and Perceived value. On the basis of the results of this research, it can be recommended the hypermarket retailers should try to enhance the image of their store and their private brands. They should also create the brand value which means that the benefits sought must overweigh its cost. As price and perceived risk are negatively related so the retailers should be vigilant about the price and perceived risks by the customers of private brand customers.
Effects of Online Buyer Characteristics on e-Service Quality
In addition to customer perception and expectation, e-service quality take account of all possible communication stages connecting customer and e-Service providers website. Keeping this in view, present study was conducted and data were collected from 703 online buyers from three states of India following the guidelines of diffusion of Innovation theory (Rogers, 1983). The result of the present study reveals that Perceived overall Service Quality depends on group of factors such as Propensity of Online Buying, Actual Online Buying, Understanding levels of e-Shopping, Perceived Security on e- Payment, Preference for Physical Payment and Intensity of Internet Usage among Online Buyers. More specifically, Understanding levels of e-Shopping among Online Buyers in e-Retailing is found to be having significant superior effect on Perceived overall Service Quality. Similarly, Perceived Security on e-Payment among Online Buyers in e-Retailing causes significant good effect on Perceived overall Service Quality in e-Retailing. However, Actual Online Buying, Preference for Physical Payment and Intensity of Internet Usage are not found to be significant.
Green Human Resource Management Models: Review and Proposal
The objective of this study is to review the existing research models of green human resource management (Green HRM) and then conclude the paper with a comprehensive research model for future study. This methodological aspect of this study is qualitative and accordingly the study is carried out based on the archival method. The key components of the existing research models were identified and discussed. The study is supposed to contribute to the existing field of research as this is the first kind of research in this field. Research gaps and policy implications are identified.
What Do Backers Trust When They Do Not Know Initiators? Crowdfunding Experimentation in India
Purpose – The establishment and sustainability of the transaction depends on the willingness of the actors to meet their commitments. They are usually loyal when they trust. Trust emerges when one party believes that the other party achieves prior commitments without taking advantage of his/her exchange partner, even of the opportunity manifests. This paper aims to explore how crowdfunding platforms can build trust to simultaneously attract project initiators and contributors and facilitate transactions between them. The focus is put on the third-party sources of trust building: cultural, politico-legal and independent certifying institutions. Design/methodology/approach – To answer to the research purpose we adopt the method of experimentation with four fictitious, but highly plausible platforms: One platform represents the control reference. Three more platforms are designed according to the three types of thirdparty trust builders (as independent variables): network of acquaintance (group pressure), label of certification designated by the nongovernmental professional organization, and the politico-legal authority. Findings – The ANOVA analyses reveal unexpected results. While there are significant differences on behaviors of time spent and pages visited across the experimentation websites, the behavior of donation does not present any significant difference at the time of experimentation among the control website and the three other declinations, which are supported by different third-party builder of trust. The differences in donation behaviors are not however statistically significant. Thus, it can be stated that the different types of third-party trust builders do not alter the magnitude of donation behaviors. They, however, do alter the stickiness behaviors. Originality/value – Results and insights gained from this research extend the theoretical literature on trust in general and trust building in emerging P2P markets in particular. The findings also provide actionable policies for practitioners in particular in the two-sided markets where platforms need to build trust between different parties. Our results might yield to actionable policies to build trust beyond the sector of crowdfunding, which was our field of research. Consequently, marketers and business responsible managers can proactively contribute to build trust, in order to ease and speed up transactions and exchanges.
Lagrangian Relaxation for the Capacitated Dynamic Lot Sizing Problem
In this paper, we consider the capacitated dynamic lot-sizing problem and assume that all conditions of Wagner-Whitin (1958) model apply except the capacity restriction. We give three different formulation of the problem. We relax the capacity constraint and initiate the Lagrangian procedure. At each Lagrangian iteration, we solved the uncapacitated lot-sizing problem by the Wagner-Whitin method that runs in O(n2) time. We compare the quality of bounds so obtained. In particular, we find that the Lagrangian procedure that modified the setup cost turned out to be inferior to the Lagrangian procedure that modified only the holding cost.
Corporate Social Responsibility And Stakeholders: An X-ray of Rubber Research Institute Gashua
Efforts are now made towards encouraging companies to respond to environmental and social issues in their host communities. This research evaluates the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on stakeholders of Rubber Research Institute in Gashua-Nigeria. The paper is anchored on the Stakeholder Theory as propounded by Freeman. The data for the study was sourced through primary and secondary means. The study revealed that, the Institute provided corporate activities for the host community in the areas of staff and farmers training. The institute has however failed to extend its services to the area of providing education and health facilities for the host community. The study concluded that, the institutes CSR has helped to enhance healthy relationship between the host communities. The study therefore, recommends amongst other things that more corporate activities especially in the area of educational and health facilities should be provided to the host communities.
An Analysis on Employment of Funds of Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) of India
ESI scheme is the first social insurance measure in India to provide socio-economic protection to the worker population of the nation. As ESIC is a unique institution and ESI scheme of India is a major multi-dimensional social insurance programme that has over the last six decades emerged with its phenomenal growth in terms of geographical reach, demographic coverage, multi-faceted services and infrastructure it becomes imperative to appraise the performance of ESIC. As the major components of income and expenditure are increased year by year, an analysis on employment of funds is revealed that there is proper employment of funds and there is a positive relationship between income and expenditure of the ESIC. From the study it is clear that ESI scheme protects the insured persons from catastrophic health expenditure and promotes health seeking behavior of the beneficiaries.
Effects of e-Payment Security and Understanding Levels of e-Shopping on Service Quality
Debating e-Service Quality deeply in connection with the previous work namely online Buyer characteristics effecting e-Service Quality, the results reveal that Understanding level of e- Shopping among Online Buyers has significant dependency on Service Quality dimensions. Out of eight Service Quality dimensions four Service Quality dimensions are found to be causing significant levels of dependency effects on Understanding level of e-Shopping. Also, Perceived Security on e-Payment has significant dependency on Service Quality dimensions. Out of eight Service Quality dimensions four Service Quality dimensions are found to be causing significant levels of dependency effects on Perceived Security on e-Payment among Online Buyers. Further, three out of four Service Quality dimensions are positively related with Perceived Security on e- Payment, the Service Quality dimension Compensations is identified as Inversely Related with Perceived Security on e-Payment among Online Buyers.
A Study on Factors Responsible for Growth of Entrepreneurship in North East India with Special Reference to Tripura
The Entrepreneurship process is established throughout the world as successful tool for social and economic development of rural people. Multiple factors are responsible for propagating entrepreneurship such as motivation and individual skill, social and cultural environment where entrepreneurship is fostered and the challenges or problems one entrepreneur is facing. This study is an endeavor towards assessing the impact of multiple factors on entrepreneurial growth and it has also highlighted the significant factors having influencing relationships within. The study has come out with findings that, multiple factors play significant role for the growth of rural entrepreneurship rather individual factors which has a lesser impact on growth.
Development of Strategic Interpretive Structure Modeling Linkages in Himalayan Tourism Industry
The Himalayan region is a popular tourist destination. It attracts massive inflows of tourist in this region round the year. Most of the tourist comes here either for adventures or pilgrimage purpose. Tourism is a multidimensional crucial development parameter of the world economy. Travel & Tourisms impact on the economic and social development of a country can be enormous: opening it up for business, trade and capital investment, creating jobs and entrepreneurialism for the workforce and protecting heritage and cultural values. For the purpose of present study we have chosen the complete Himalayan Region which consists of Western Himalayas of Kashmir and Punjab Region, Central Himalayas of Kumaon and Nepal Region and Eastern Himalayas of Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and Eastern part of Tibet as it provides both adventures and pilgrimage tourism along with educational tourism. Tourism here is a source of employment opportunity which provide source of living to local people. Therefore there is a need to understand the factors influencing or impacting on tourism industry in Himalaya. For that purpose we utilized the Interpretive Structure Model for development of Hierarchical relationship among factors identified. This model helped us to understand the situations and problems associated to Himalayan tourism industry, which further get improved and rectified by partially utilizing flowing stream strategy.
Achieving Sustainable Strategic Advantage through Inclusive Business: Reflections from Selected Cases
The inclusive business concept has significantly influenced the way companies operate and do business in emerging and developing markets over the last few years. Inclusive business fundamental assumption is that it contributes to solving global development issues and helps improve company profitability. The current article, which is based on an analysis of three inclusive business cases in emerging and developing markets, aims to identify how an inclusive business can contribute to a companys sustainable strategic advantage. The paper verifies that innovative, inclusive business interventions have, by solving development problems, helped companies successfully develop a strategic advantage.
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