Day: July 26, 2020

Martial rape- Still not criminalized

The definition of rape is codified in section 375 of Indian Penal Code that includes all form of sexual assault involving nonconsensual intercourse with woman. However, exception 2 to section 375 states that sexual intercourse by a man with his wife not under age of 15 is not rape, whether it was done with or without her consent. This also means that section 375 does not apply to married women. This is called marital rape where a man can use her force to rape and it is not criminalized. India is one of the thirty six countries that still have not criminalized marital rape.

Violation of article 14 of Indian constitution

Article 14 ensures that the state shall not deny to any person equality before law or equal protection of law within the territory of India. Our constitution guarantees this right but Indian criminal law discriminates against female victims who have been raped by their husbands. At the time when IPC was drafted in 1860 a married woman was considered to be the chattel of her husband but with change in time women are becoming smarter than men and they do deserve equal opportunities as men have. Exception 2 of article 375 directly implies to rape and that is too accepted by our law which is disgusting.

Violation of article 21

Exception 2 is also a violation of article 21 of the Indian constitution. Article 21 states that no personal shall be deprived of his personal life and liberty according to procedure established by law. Forced sexual cohabitation is violation of fundamental rights. Our society is stuck between old customs and narrow mindset. They believe that giving more liberty to women is against Indian culture which is not right. This society believes that once a woman is married then her implied consent for sexual intercourse is always present.

The above conclusions clearly depict that expection2 of section 375 of IPC is an infringement of articles 14 and 21 of the constitution.

Whether Martial Rape constitutionally valid or not?India is one of 36 countries that still not criminalized marital rape and this exception 2 where woman is brutally raped by her husband whether her consent is there or not proves the inconvience in delivering justice by Indian law. This expectation proves to be very harsh for married women as she also has the right to equality like men. But the Supreme Court issued a landmark judgment in Independent Thought vs. Union of India 2017 which narrows the scope of marital rape. In the judgment it was stated to retain the age of 15 years under exception2 of section 375 and 46%of women between the ages of 18-29 years were married before the age of 18. Hence, criminalizing this concept would not be appropriate and practical. Thus, the age prescribed in exception 2 has been retained considering the facts and issue.

Does salary justify your input to the job.?

We all work hard our sweat and blood off to earn money. Money matters most to the people.Money is the thing we work at the first place. It is the salary that matters most to the employees but do our salary is justified by value of input we provide.?

Lets understand what is salary first, ‘Salary is a form of payment from an employer to an employee, which may be specified in an employment contract.’ It is contrasted with piece wages, where each job, hour, or other unit is paid separately, rather than on a periodic basis. From the point of view of running a business, salary can also be viewed as the cost of acquiring and retaining human resources for running operations, and is then termed personnel expense or salary expense. In accounting, salaries are recorded on payroll accounts.

Salary is a fixed amount of money or compensation paid to an employee by an employer in return for work performed. Salary is commonly paid in fixed intervals, for example, monthly payments of one-twelfth of the annual salary.

Salary is typically determined by comparing market pay rates for people performing similar work in similar industries in the same region. Salary is also determined by leveling the pay rates and salary ranges established by an individual employer. Salary is also affected by the number of people available to perform the specific job in the employer’s employment locale.

Now lets understand how can we justify our salary and our job by adding more value

  • Dodging the layoff bullet has never been easy. For anyone wondering what you can do to make yourself irreplaceable in your organization, check out this Artner’s Law column on ways to add value to your job.
  • Let’s talk about job security. There isn’t any. The technology boom is long over, and most of us have had to endure one or more rounds of layoffs at our companies. In fact, not a few of us have been laid off and have had to start over somewhere else. It’s not clear that things will get better anytime soon.

Wow, what a depressing lead paragraph. In fact, what I have to say isn’t really grim—in fact, it’s good, possibly uplifting advice. In this column, I want to talk about how you can make yourself less vulnerable to being downsized or passed over. I’m going to talk about the concept of “adding value,” and how it increases your worth in the eyes of your boss—and your boss’s boss.

The science of adding value
Being a favorite of motivational speakers and business writers, the concept of “adding value” is well on its way to the graveyard of overhyped phrases. It also suffers from multiple, contradictory meanings.

Here is what I mean when I talk about adding value: performing your duties in such a way that you are perceived by your superiors to offer an advantage to the organization over the “typical” manager in your job.

That’s kind of wordy, so to clarify consider this example. Suppose you’re running the Microsoft Exchange infrastructure for a Fortune 500 company. You manage a group of 10 administrators, spread out in six locations and three countries. How do you add value in that situation? Not by just doing your job well—presumably, that’s basic performance.

You add value by giving your employers something extra, something tangible (if sometimes hard to define) that makes your boss think your salary is money particularly well spent.

There are many ways you can “add value” to your employer. None of them is relevant for every situation, and some aren’t a good match for every IT manager, but they are all worth considering. Here are some of the more common:

  • Working your butt off: Most of us have been here before. Eager to prove ourselves, particularly in a new job, we vow that no one is going to outwork us. This technique is commonly used because it’s effective. After all, if you had to lay off one of two employees, who would you be more likely to keep (everything else being equal): the one who’s willing to stay late to fix a problem, or the one who’s fixated on the clock, counting down the minutes until it’s time to leave? On the other hand, you need to make sure that your supervisor doesn’t end up assuming you’ll always put in all those hours, and routinely overburden you, serene in the knowledge that you’ll put up with it. There is a difference between being accommodating and being a doormat.
  • Institutional knowledge: If you’re like most managers, the longer you do a job, the better you get at it. More importantly, that experience allows you to build up a store of institutional knowledge—the undocumented ins and outs of a job that make you more effective than someone just thrown in that same job. This kind of knowledge can be even more useful if your supervisor is relatively new to the organization; it can give you the opportunity to educate your boss on potential pitfalls to proposed projects. The downside of institutional knowledge is that for it to be useful, you have to share it with others. Too many technical managers try to hoard their information like a miser hoards his gold. (Here is a column that addresses the topic at greater length.)
  • Working cheap: If the going rate for a position is x, and you’re willing to work for 90 percent of x, aren’t you adding value? Well, yes and no. It’s certainly true that working for below-market rates will allow your company some budget freedom, and in these tough times, that’s something. On the other hand, there are several problems with this approach. First, the cost-cutting logic implied in this equation never ends. What if you’re up against a job candidate who’s willing to work for 80 percent of x? What about overseas outsourcing—are you ready to compete on price with Bangalore’s best and brightest? I don’t think so. Second, while IT executives enjoy saving money when possible, they are also rightly suspicious of something that looks too good to be true. Price yourself too low against the market, and companies are bound to start asking why. Finally, consider your own attitude. Wouldn’t you end up resenting a company that paid you considerably below market wages for your job, even if you agreed to it when you were hired?
  • Knowing what not to do: Sometimes you can add value by knowing when you can’t add value. This allows you to concentrate on tasks that play to your strengths. For example, here at TechRepublic, we create books and CD-ROMs for IT professionals. However, we didn’t buy a printing press or a CD duplicator. Why not? Because we can’t really add value by doing our own printing or duplicating. Instead, we contract out with a printing company, and spend our time trying to create the best possible content—that’s how we add value.
  • Inspired leadership: IT managers are leaders. Leadership isn’t just the ability to keep a project on time, or under budget. Those skills are essential but not sufficient. One way to stand out from your peers is to develop and showcase your ability to inspire people to follow you—not because they have to, but because they trust you and believe what you tell them. This is different from simply getting your team to like you. While always nice, that’s not what I’m talking about here. Inspired leadership is the ability to motivate a team or group to perform feats they didn’t believe were possible. If you can do that, you’ve proven your worth to just about any employer.
  • Creative ideas: When I was a kid, one of my coaches’ favorite sayings was “You can’t teach quick.” The jury is still out on whether or not you can teach a manager to think creatively. (I’m skeptical, but that’s another story.) Perhaps someday you’ll be able to learn how to think creatively in the same way you can learn how to migrate to Active Directory. Unless and until that happy day comes, however, creative thinkers will always be at a premium. If you’ve got the gift of conceiving new solutions for tough problems, then make sure your boss knows about it.

That’s not an exhaustive list of ways you can add value, by any means. Further, as I said earlier, none of us have all these gifts, nor are all of them appropriate for every job. Perform a skills assessment on yourself, and find out which of these plays to your strengths. Then continue to develop these “value-adding” skills, and make sure your supervisor knows about your efforts. After all, there’s no point in “adding value” if no one knows about it.

National Park College

National Park College offers a university experience that\’s close to home at less than half the cost of the average university.

95% of NPC students receive Financial Aid and Scholarships. Last year, NPC students received over $8 million in grants and scholarships.

We offer two-year degrees and certificates both on campus and online, and bachelor\’s degrees on campus through a partnership with Southern Arkansas University.  View our class schedules.

Learn more about our Academic Programs or our wide variety of Continuing Education and Workforce Training classes.

Start here. Finish here. NPC offers transfer opportunities to universities across Arkansas. Refer to our National Park University Transfer Center for more information.

From affordable tuition to high-demand skills, NPC provides the tools needed to achieve your potential. Our experienced faculty and staff are committed to your success in the workforce. In fact, we guarantee it. With an education at NPC, the path to a full-time career is closer than you think.

The Adult Education Center offers a wide range of classes that are available to any adult over the age of 18 who is a resident of the area. Flexible class schedules provide day and evening sessions to meet the unique needs of adult learners.

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCzOJDJZHoBttdHAjJsnN9w?sub_confirmation=1

Alaska Christian College

Our vision is to be the premier college of choice for Alaska Native students so that our graduates follow and serve Christ within the Church and larger society.

our mission and vision

The mission of Alaska Christian College is to empower Alaska Natives through biblically-based education and Christian formation to pursue excellence in character, learning, and service as followers of Christ. Our vision is to be the premier college of choice for Alaska Native students so that our graduates follow and serve Christ within the Church and larger society.

ACCREDITATION
Alaska Christian College is accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of the Association for Biblical Higher Education (ABHE). >> LEARN MORE

STUDENT CONSUMER INFORMATION
See more about the policies, procedures and other helpful information regarding ACC. >> LEARN MORE

STAFF DIRECTORY
Find a staff or faculty member in our directory. >> LEARN MORE


FUTURE STUDENTS

• Request Info
• Tuition, Costs & Financial Aid
• Next Steps
• Tour
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ACADEMICS

• Programs
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CAMPUS LIFE

• Housing
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RENTALS

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ABOUT

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University of Alaska

Going to college in Alaska is only a few steps away.  Ready to get started?

  • APPLY FOR ADMISSION 
    Apply to your university of choice. Each institution has an admissions application to complete and submit online. You will need to setup a new user account if you don’t already have one. There is usually an application fee, so be ready to make payment when you apply. Applications, information and contacts for help can be accessed through the admissions links below.

  • GET ACADEMIC ADVISING 
    An academic advisor is your guide to college, connecting you with a program and helping you find the tools you need to succeed. You should meet with an advisor as soon as possible after acceptance to the university to help plan your academic journey.

  • INVESTIGATE FINANCIAL AID 
    Unless you’re a millionaire you probably need help paying for classes, books and fees. Your college costs will depend on what school you select, how many classes you want to take, and for how much aid you qualify. The Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA, is required for federal, state and privately funded student loans and scholarships in Alaska. Fill it out at fafsa.gov early to take advantage of the most funding opportunities. There are hundreds of scholarship opportunities for University of Alaska students. Explore them online viaAcademicWorks.

  • REGISTER FOR CLASSES 
    Class registration begins in early April for the the fall semester, early November for the spring semester and early February for summer semester.

  • JUST WANT TO TAKE A CLASS? 
    If you are not intending to seek a degree you can register for a class through UAOnline. 

  • MORE APPLICATION/TRANSFER ASSISTANCE:
    The new My Future Alaska gateway provides prospective students transfer checks, guided transfer pathways and campus profiles (which include information on general education requirements, admission guidelines, and more) and a cost calculator for financial planning.

Admission Requirements

Admission requirements vary depending upon the course of study and university of choice. There may not be any requirements to just take a class, but admission into certificate, bachelor, or graduate programs does require meeting institutional requirements.

For the best information and to submit an application, please visit the admissions websites for the university you wish to attend.

   University of Alaska Anchorage
   University of Alaska Fairbanks
   University of Alaska Southeast


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Janmashtami

The Hindus celebrate Janmashtami for the birth of Sri Krishna. The festival usually occurs in August. Moreover, the Hindus celebrate this festival in the Ashtami of Krishna Paksha. Moreover, Lord Krishna is the most powerful incarnation of Lord Vishnu. It is a joyful festival for the Hindus. Furthermore, the Hindus perform different rituals to please Lord Krishna. This is one of the most joyous celebrations for the Hindus

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Lord Krishna

Lord Krishna was born on the 8th day of Dark Fortnight in the month of Bhadon. Bhadon is a month in the Hindu calendar. Moreover, he was born around 5,200 years ago approximately. Because he was one of the most powerful Gods. He was born for a special purpose on Earth. Lord Krishna was born to free the world from evil. As a result, he played an important role in the book of Mahabharata. Also, Lord Krishna preached about good karma and the theory of Bhakti. Lord Krishna was born in a prison. He was in the clutches if Kansa. But his father Vasudev gave him to his friend Nand to save him. Because he knew that Kansa was evil-minded. Furthermore after getting saved the upbringing of Sri Krishna was in a Gokul family. Sri Krishna after some time became strong. As a result, he was able to kill Kansa.

When I was a child I used to watch many shows on Sri Krishna. As a result, I know many things about him. First of all, Sri Krishna was very fond of eating Makhan. Because of that he always used to steal it from his mothers’ kitchen. Therefore his name was ‘Natkahat Nand Lal’. Sri Krishna was dark-colored. So he was always worried about his color. Moreover, Sri Krishna had a friend named Radha. Radha was of great importance to Krishna. So he always spent time with her. Radha was very beautiful and fair so Lord Krishna always feels color complex.

How is Janmashtami Celebrated?

People celebrate Janmashtami in mid-night. Because Lord Krishna was born in the dark. Moreover, people have a special way of celebrating the festival. Since Sri Krishna was fond of eating Makhan people play this sport. The sport is, they tie an earthen pot(matki). The judge of the game ties the matki really high from the ground. Furthermore, a person fills Makhan in the matki. Also, what people do is they build a human pyramid to break the matki. Since the matki is too high they have to build a tall pyramid. As a result, many people have to take part in sport. Moreover, there are other teams too who stop them from breaking the matki. Equal chances are there for both the teams. Each team gets a chance for a particular time period. If the team is not able to do it in time then the other team tries it. This is an interesting sport many people gather to watch this sport. Furthermore, the celebration is also done in houses. People decorate their houses from outside with lights. Moreover, the temples are full of people. They perform various rituals inside the temple. As a result, we hear the sound of bells and mantras the whole day.

Moreover, people perform a dance on different religious songs. Finally, it is one of the most enjoyable festivals in the Hindu religion.

Is death sentence a solution?

All punishments are based on the same proposition i.e. there must be a penalty for wrongdoing. There are two main reasons for inflicting the punishment. One is the belief that it is both right and just that a person who has done wrong should suffer for it; the other is the belief that inflicting punishment on wrongdoers discourages others from doing wrong. The capital punishment also rests on the same proposition as other punishments. The capital punishment debate is the most generally relevant, keeping in mind the situation that has been brought about by today. Capital punishment is an integral part of the Indian criminal justice system. The increasing strength of the human rights movement in India, the existence of capital punishment is questioned as immoral. However this is an odd argument as keeping one person alive at the cost of the lives of numerous members or potential victims in the society is unbelievable and in fact, that is morally wrong.

MEANING OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT Capital punishment, also called the death penalty, execution of an offender sentenced to death after conviction by a court of law for a criminal offence. Capital punishment should be distinguished from extrajudicial executions carried out without due process of law. The term death penalty is sometimes used interchangeably with capital punishment, though the imposition of the penalty is not always followed by execution (even when it is upheld on appeal), because of the possibility of commutation to life imprisonment. The term “Capital Punishment” stands for the most severe form of punishment. It is the punishment which is to be awarded for the most heinous, grievous and detestable crimes against humanity. While the definition and extent of such crimes vary from country to country, state to state, age to age, the implication of capital punishment has always been the death sentence. By common usage in jurisprudence, criminology and penology, the capital sentence means a sentence of death.

POLITICAL COMMITMENTS REGARDING CAPITAL PUNISHMENT GLOBALLY

Ø  Several resolutions of the UN General Assembly (UNGA) have called for a moratorium on the use of the death penalty. In 2007, the UNGA called on states to “progressively restrict the use of the death penalty, reduce the number of offences for which it may be imposed” and “establish a moratorium on executions to abolish the death penalty.” In 2008, the GA reaffirmed this resolution, which was reinforced in subsequent resolutions in 2010, 2012, and 2014. Many of these resolutions noted that “a moratorium on the use of the death penalty contributes to respect for human dignity and to the enhancement and progressive development of human rights.” In 2014, 117 States had voted in favour of the most recent resolution. India has not voted in favour of these resolutions.

Ø  In a 2013 resolution, the UN Human Rights Council acknowledged “the negative impact of a parent’s death sentence and his or her execution on his or her children,” and urged “States to provide those children with the protection and assistance they may require,” Human Rights Council resolution, 2014 noted that “States with different legal systems, traditions, cultures and religious backgrounds have abolished the death penalty or are applying a moratorium on its use” and deplored the fact that “the use of the death penalty leads to violations of the human rights of those facing the death penalty and of other affected persons.” The Human Rights Council urged states to ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

Ø  The law of extradition has been another tool for countries pushing for the abolition of the death penalty. Several abolitionist countries either require assurances that retentions-extraditing countries not impose the death penalty, or have included such a clause in bilateral extradition treaties.

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: THE CURRENT STATUS Supreme Court on Validity of Capital Punishment in India Article 21 of the Indian Constitution ensures the Fundamental Right to life and liberty for all persons. It adds no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. This has been legally construed to mean if there is a procedure, which is fair and valid, then the state by framing a law can deprive a person of his life. While the central government has consistently maintained it would keep the death penalty in the statute books to act as a deterrent, and for those who are a threat to society, the Supreme Court to has upheld the constitutional validity of capital punishment in “rarest of rare” cases. In Jagmohan Singh vs State of Uttar Pradesh (1973), then in Rajendra Prasad vs State of Uttar Pradesh (1979), and finally in Bachan Singh vs State of Punjab (1980), the Supreme Court affirmed the constitutional validity of the death penalty. It said that if capital punishment is provided in the law and the procedure is a fair, just and reasonable one, the death sentence can be awarded to a convict. This will, however, only be in the “rarest of rare” cases, and the courts should render “special reasons” while sending a person to the gallows.

JUDICIAL REVIEW OF EXERCISE OF MERCY POWERS

The Supreme Court in Shatrughan Chauhan case has recorded that the Home Ministry considers the following factors while deciding mercy petitions:

a)      Personality of the accused (such as age, sex or mental deficiency) or circumstances of the case (such as provocation or similar justification);

b)      Cases in which the appellate court expressed doubt as to the reliability of evidence but has nevertheless decided on conviction;

c)       Cases where it is alleged that fresh evidence is obtainable mainly to see whether a fresh enquiry is justified;

d)      Where the High Court on appeal reversed acquittal or an appeal enhanced the sentence;

e)      Is there any difference of opinion in the Bench of High Court Judges necessitating reference to a larger Bench;

f)       Consideration of evidence in fixation of responsibility in gang murder case;

g)      Long delays in investigation and trial etc.

I cannot comment on if the death sentence is right or not. But I do believe that India gives enough chances for an accused to prove his innocence. Our judicial system does not take decisions on convicting or acquitting an accused hurriedly. So I feel awarding death sentence in rarest of rare cases isn’t too unfair.

obesity and social life

Obesity is a major health challenge worldwide. Apart from known health hazards such as heart disease and diabetes, it can also prevent sexual intimacy and may ruin your social life, experts say. India is home to the third-highest number of obese and overweight people, according to recent reports.

Obesity is categorised on the basis of BMI, which is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height and is universally expressed in units of kg/m2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres.

obesity affects every aspects of people’s lives from health to relationship.

Further, apart from the physical intimacy, obesity may also affect the social life, as overweight or obese people are more prone to being bullied, humiliated or ostracised. They are also more likely to engage in bullying behaviour.

The fear of bullying may also lead them to exercise less and stay indoors.

Obesity creates a negative self-image. An individual feels demotivated and there’s lack of self-confidence. Such people are unable to accept their weight and their size can leave them sleeping single in a double bed,” Deep Goel, Director (Department of Bariatrics) and Gastrointestinal Onco Surgeon, BLK Super Speciality Hospital, told IANS.

social life

Human beings are social animals, and the tenor of someone’s social life is one of the most important influences on their mental and physical health. Without positive, durable relationships, both minds and bodies can fall apart.

“When it comes to social media, there are just times I turn off the world, you know. There are just sometimes you have to give yourself space to be quiet, which means you’ve got to set those phones down.”

As humans, social interaction is essential to every aspect of our health. Research shows that having a strong network of support or strong community bonds fosters both emotional and physical health and is an important component of adult life. Over the years, there have been a number of studies showcasing the relationship between social support and the quality of physical and psychological health.

how obesity affects your life and social life

Obesity is a social issue. An overweight person may worry about what others think. When people judge you unfairly, it can make you feel like it’s your fault. Well-meaning parents, siblings, or friends can sometimes make things worse by making “suggestions” about food or exercise. These good intentions may come across as criticism. Some teens that are overweight are teased or bullied.

Teasing and bullying can make you feel sad or embarrassed. Fear of being judged or rejected might make you shy away from people. You may stop doing things you enjoy. But the best thing to do is to take your mind — and other people’s — off your weight and back onto you as a person. The most common way to determine if a person is overweight or obese is to calculate body mass index (BMI). BMI is an estimate of body fat based on comparing a person’s weight to his or her height.

So it clearly shows that weight discrimination is a part of the obesity problem and not the solution. So, everyone, including doctors, should stop blaming and shaming people for their weight and offer support, and where appropriate, treatment because when confidence fades and self-esteem takes a beating, it’s harder to stick with a weight loss program.

Discriminating against slim, overweight or obese, people does not help them to lose weight. In fact, the embarrassment, humiliation and stress they feel from such discrimination are likely to cause them to gain weight not to lose weight.

Previous research has shown that people who are stigmatized for being overweight are more likely to engage in behaviour that promote obesity, including problematic eating, avoidance of physical activity and a refusal to restrict their food intake.

conclusion

Obesity can lead to sudden death, heart attack, diabetes and may unwanted illnesses. Stop it by making healthy choices.

serious measures are to be taken to fight against this dreadful phenomenon that is spreading its wings far and wide. Giving proper education on benefits of staying fit and mindful eating is as important as curbing this issue. Utmost importance must be given to healthy eating habits right from the small age so that they follow the same until the end of their life.

References

1.enwikipedia.org

2.www.tegonity.com

Black Racer Snake

Black Racers are very fast-moving, non-venomous, black snakes with a bluish cast to their scales. Other local common names for this handsome snake are Black Runner, Blue Racer, and Blue Runner.

Most Racers do not enjoy being handled. Black racers eat mostly mice and rats, so are extremely beneficial snakes to have around.

Racers move very quickly and can be out of sight in the blink of an eye.

Black Racers hunt down their prey. They move quickly along the forest floor, with their head held high, always alert. When prey is detected, Racers quickly grab it and swallow it whole, sometimes while it is still alive.

The “constrictor” in their scientific name is a misnomer. I suppose, it was once thought that they squeezed their prey, but now scientists know that they don’t. However, the name stuck.

Notice the hint of blue where the sun is hitting the scales of this young Black Racer. This is why some people in Louisiana call them Blue Runners.

There is also a species of Racer which inhabits other parts of the United States which is called the Blue Racer. Common names can be deceiving, with different species being given the same common name or with the same species being called different common names in separate locations.

The odd looking “kinked” posture of this individual is often seen. Some believe that this is a defense mechanism. They look a lot like a fallen branch.

Another defensive reaction is that when threatened, if running away is not successful, they will hide in the brush and rattle their tails in dry leaves, sounding much like a rattlesnake.

Very young black racers are marked differently from the adult of the species. The young are speckled with black, white and tan spots. As they age, they darken into adult coloration.

Black Racers have a reputation for biting when they are caught. It seems that they develop this defense mechanism very early in life.

Aggrevation of Political Crisis in Rajasthan

Political crisis has manifolded in the state of Rajasthan. Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot has come face to face with the Governor of the State and therefore demanding special session regarding the Pilot case.

The name proposed for the campaign is ‘Prajatantra ke liye bolo’. The ancillary unit of the State has said that BJP is trying to call off the Congress government in Rajasthan by foul means and for which they will surround the Rajbhavan.

Party workers have even started a protest on zonal level from 25th July. CM Ashok Gehlot stated that even if they have to start a protest outside 7 Kalidas marg they will not hesitate to do so.

On the other hand, BJP has also given a statement saying that the congress cannot call the session by force. “The Supreme Court will have a hearing on 27th July regarding the matter of Sachin Pilot and 19 of his MLA’s disqualification”, said speaker C.P Joshi.

How to Keep your Homes Virus-Free after Covid-19 Outbreak

Nobody was expecting to be one day locked in their homes and worrying about keeping the virus at bay. Untill the vaccines are out we have to take certain serious measures to ensure the safety of our family and loved one’s.

Is cleaning like we usually did enough? What can a common man do without the high tech protective gears?

Let us break down some steps which can be followed at home as a part of our daily routines to not only clean but also disinfect :

Food and it’s cleaning procedure:

Nowadays with online shopping of essentials, we must make sure that the vegetables and fruits are disinfected. We must transfer the eatables into a dish and wash off the container immediately. If it is a disposable container, throw it in the trash can which should have a lid. Remove and throw away outer cartons of cereal boxes. All unnecessary shrink wraps and plastic packaging must be disposed off. Beverage bottles and cans can be wiped with disinfectant. Fresh vegetables and fruits must be thoroughly rinsed under a running tap, preferably with warm water and salt and turmeric. Wash your hands with soap and water once you are done. One can also keep certain items in sunlight to naturally kill some germs under the Uv rays.

Washing clothes after returning home:

Warm water destroys germs. So, use the warmest water appropriate for the fabrics you are washing. Use a generous amount of detergent or soap along with disinfectant liquids likke Dettol/ Savlon. Allow the clothes to dry fully, either in the dryer or outside on a clothesline in the sun. All of the above steps are necessary to fully exterminate the virus. Remember to disinfect the laundry bag as well. And wash your hands with soap immediately afterwards.

Disinfect surfaces that are frequently touched:

Surface that are touched very frequently like door knobs, door edges, handrails, light switches, kitchen and living room surfaces, mobile phones, earphones, remote controls, wallets, toilet seats, taps, tables and chairs should be cleaned one a week or even more frequently.

If the surface is too grimy, you first want to clean it with soap and water. Use a clean piece of cloth or a kitchen sponge wipe. Then wipe the surface with a disinfectant wipe or a disinfectant solution that has at least 70% alcohol. You can also use bleach. One cup of bleach mixed with five gallons of water is suitable for non-wood surfaces. For wooden surfaces, a solution of white vinegar and water works well.

The disinfected surface needs to dry naturally. Do not quickly wipe it dry. Most disinfectants need to stay wet on a surface for at least a few minutes in order to be effective. We suggest using a wipeable waterproof cover for your phone. It will be easier to disinfect and there’ll be less chance of the disinfect damaging the device.

Cleaning of floors and walls of the House:

Even if you are not using a vacuum cleaner, you can manually sweep and mop the floor with disinfectant. Pay special attention to high-traffic zones like porches, hallways, lobbies, kitchens and corridors. You want to clean the floor in these places more thoroughly. Make this an everyday habit and if you go outside then twice a day is highly recommended.

What to do if you come home from outside:

When you come home from outside, you bring a lot of germs into the house on your clothes, shoes and bags. As soon as you enter the house, remove your shoes and overcoat at the door. Leave your bags in a corner and head straight to the bathroom. Wash your hands, face and other exposed parts with water and soap. Next, disinfect your bags and the things you have brought home. You can use wipes or simply wash them with soap water. You can also sun them out as heat is known to kill coronavirus.

These are some of the few things you can do to make sure you and your family stay safe and healthy through this pandemic.

Prisoners’ Rights; are we neglecting them?

In India, the debates around prison reforms and rights of prisoners have been very limited. Through our three-part series we seek to initiate a debate towards prisoners’ civil and political rights. This series will cover prisoners’ right to vote, to write and to strike with the understanding that these rights, if granted, will expand the ever so shrinking spaces for an incarcerated person to express and reach out to the world outside highlighting conditions of the prison and their experiences, including those of torture. Prisons in the modern democracy have been envisioned as reformative care-giving institutions. However, the reality of prisons is that there is overcrowding; inhuman living conditions; a dearth of basic needs such as access to food, medical treatment and cleanliness; absence of accountability and transparency of administration, targeting and surveillance, torture and even death; least of opportunities of skill building or recreation. Why is this so? For one, society’s understanding of the treatment of prisoners is being highly influenced by the fear related to crime control and increasing targeting and etherisation of persons from certain socio-political affiliations. Being tough on crime through severest punishments is the new standard for good governance. Prisoners form a section of the society which is shunned, secluded and seldom talked about. Making matters worse is the fact that no document declares mandatory rights of prisoners, leaving it up to the changing governments and changing moods of the society.

The Constitution of India empowers us with one of the basic fundamental rights – Right to life and Personal Liberty mentioned in Article 21 which implicitly states the right to life with dignity. Certain articles mentioned in our Constitution like Article 14, 20, 21, 22 deals with prisoner rights in India. Article 14 talks of equality of law whereas Article 20 prohibits self- incrimination and double jeopardy. Article 21 is vast in its own terms which state the right to life with personal liberty. Under its ambit, certain rights find its place like right to food, bail, speedy trial and free legal aid services. Article 21 provides prisoners with right against custodial violence and right to health in order to maintain basic human dignity. There have been certain legislations regarding prisoner rights in India. They have several other rights like right against inhuman treatment inside the jail, right to consult a lawyer and right against solitary confinement.  Right to interview and meet with friends and family is one the important prisoner rights.

According to the 2016 policy, the latest one, published by Government of India regarding prison management in the form of Model Prison Manual 2016, a “Perspective” chapter from the manual states:

“India shares the universally held view that a sentence of imprisonment would be justifiable only if it ultimately leads to the protection of society against crime. Such a goal could be achieved only if incarceration motivates and prepares the offender for a law-abiding and self-supporting life after his release. It further accepts that, as imprisonment deprives the offender of his liberty and self-determination, the prison system should not be allowed to aggravate the suffering already inherent in the process of incarceration.”

This perspective is a result of various judgments pronounced by the Supreme Court of India in the last several decades, in which the prison administration has been reprimanded regarding the inhuman living conditions in prisons and animal-like treatment of prisoners. The United Nation’s Standard Minimum Rules for Treatment of Prisoners also call for the dignified treatment of prisoners leading to their reintegration to into society and no further infliction of pain other than the imprisonment itself.

Following are the rights of prisoners which are implicitly provided under the Article 21 of the Constitution of India:-

  • Right of inmates of protective homes
  • Right to free legal aid
  • Right to speedy trial
  • Right against cruel and unusual punishment
  • Right to fair trial
  • Right against custodial violence and death in police lock-ups or encounters
  • Right to live with human dignity

Apart from these rights of prisoners Constitution of India also provides following rights to the prisoners:-

  • Right to meet friends and consult lawyer
  • Rights against solitary confinement, handcuffing & bar fetters and protection from torture
  • Right to reasonable wages in prison

Prisoner’s Rights under the Prisons Act, 1894

Prisons Act, of 1894 is the first legislation regarding prison regulation in India. This Act mainly focus on reformation of prisoners in connection with the rights of prisoners. Following Sections of the Prisons Act, 1894 are related with the reformation of prisoners:-

  • Accommodation and sanitary conditions for prisoners
  • Provision for the shelter and safe custody of the excess number of prisoners who cannot be safely kept in any prison
  • Provisions relating to the examination of prisoners by qualified Medical Officer
  • Provisions relating to separation of prisoners, containing female and male prisoners, civil and criminal prisoners and convicted and under trial prisoners
  • Provisions relating to treatment of under trials, civil prisoners, parole and temporary release of prisoners.

 In the year of 2016 the Parliament has been passed the Prisons (Amendment) Bill, 2016 to amend the Prisons Act, 1894 with a view to provide protection and welfare of the prisoners.

Conclusion

It can be said that the prisoners are also entitled to all his fundamental rights while they are behind the prisons. Indian Constitution does not expressly provides for the prisoners’ rights but Articles 14, 19 and 21 implicitly guaranteed the prisoners’ rights and the provisions of the Prisons Act, 1894 contains the provisions for the welfare and protection of prisoners. The Court has ruled that it can intervene with prison administration when constitutional rights or statutory prescriptions are transgressed to the injury of the prisoner. Supreme Court in many cases held that prisoner is a human being, a natural person and also a legal person. Being a prisoner he does not cease to be a human being, natural person or legal person. Conviction for a crime does not reduce the person into a non-person, whose rights are subject to the whim of the prison administration and therefore, the imposition of any major punishment within the prison system is conditional upon the absence of procedural safeguards.

corporate social responsibility

efinition of corporate social responsibility (CSR)

Movement aimed at encouraging companies to be more aware of the impact of their business on the rest of society, including their own stakeholders and the environment. 

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a business approach that contributes to sustainable development by delivering economic, social and environmental benefits for all stakeholders.

CSR is a concept with many definitions and practices. The way it is understood and implemented differs greatly for each company and country. Moreover, CSR is a very broad concept that addresses many and various topics such as human rights, corporate governance, health and safety, environmental effects, working conditions and contribution to economic development. Whatever the definition is, the purpose of CSR is to drive change towards sustainability.

Although some companies may achieve remarkable efforts with unique CSR initiatives, it is difficult to be on the forefront on all aspects of CSR. Considering this, the example below provides good practices on one aspect of CSR – environmental sustainability.

Example

Unilever is a multinational corporation, in the food and beverage sector, with a comprehensive CSR strategy. The company has been ranked ‘Food Industry leader’ in the Dow Jones Sustainability World Indexes for the 11 consecutive years and ranked 7th in the ‘Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World’.

One of the major and unique initiatives is the ‘sustainable tea’ programme.  On a partnership-based model with the Rainforest Alliance (an NGO), Unilever aims to source all of its Lipton and PG Tips tea bags from Rainforest Alliance Certified™ farms by 2015.  The Rainforest Alliance Certification offers farms a way to differentiate their products as being socially, economically and environmentally sustainable. 

ReplyForward

methods for appeals in the high court:

article 227 in The Constitution Of India 1949227. Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court(1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories interrelation to which it exercises jurisdiction(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provisions, the High Court may(a) call for returns from such courts;(b) make and issue general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of such courts; and(c) prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts shall be kept by the officers of any such courts(3) The High Court may also settle tables of fees to be allowed to the sheriff and all clerks and officers of such courts and to attorneys, advocates and pleaders practising therein: Provided that any rules made, forms prescribed or tables settled under clause ( 2 ) or clause ( 3 ) shall not be inconsistent with the provision of any law for the time being in force, and shall require the previous approval of the Governor(4) Nothing in this article shall be deemed to confer on a High Court powers of superintendence over any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces supreme court provisions

 323A. Administrative tribunals.- (1) Parliament may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by administrative tribunals of disputes and complaints with respect to recruitment and conditions of service of persons appointed to public services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union or of any State or of any local or other authority within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India or of any corporation owned or controlled by the Government.(2) A law made under clause (1) may— (a) provide for the establishment of an administrative tribunal for the Union and a separate administrative tribunal for each State or for two or
more States;
(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;
(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;
(d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to the disputes or complaints
referred to in clause (1);
(e) provide for the transfer to each such administrative tribunal of any cases pending before any court or other authority immediately before the
establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;
(f) repeal or amend any order made by the President under clause (3) of article 371D;
(g) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as Parliament may deem necessary for the
effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.
(3) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.

INTERVIEW WITH advocates

Interview with-

ABHISHEK RITABH SHUKLA

LAWYER,SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

LLB ,UNIVESITY OF DELHI

Sir, what are your views on current legal education system in country?

 I am happy to see that youths are joining more as compared earlier to the law courses the numbers have increased in last 5 years also the 5 year courses are providing great platform to students who want to make carrier in law after 12th exams its providing a maturity level to the new minds .many institutes are offering nice law programmes with great sallybus which was not at our point of time .moot courts ,client councelling ,debate competitions are giving confidence to the students but at the same time they are seeing it as business and charging lots of money which should be stopped. after all the law courses has got entry into new era of education and by which I am happy .

Sir, you are a supreme court lawyer how u see the fairness in delivering justice there ?

The supreme court is the last court of appeal everybody in the country blindly trust on its proceedings .the decisions are solely made out of considering all legal factors and following rules nobody could question its proficiency in delivering justice .there had been certain issues regarding the interference of political party few months ago which I think was only a rumour or misunderstanding of judges  which has been solved .

Sir if u had been legislature what one law u wish and will try to pass?

That’s, a real journalist question[laughing] see there are several law which I wish to pass but most eminent one is right to recall [RTR] it is the most important law which are not being passed by the legislatures till now .it will the real sense of democracy as the people will get the full freedom to remove the selected legislatures when he/she refuses or not fulfil the task for which they are selected they should must not enjoy the 5 years in making money and indulging in the corruption and looting the money of innocent people

Sir, what challenges u had faced during early days of practice?

Oh that was really hard I use to woke up at 5 in the morning and I had to reach at 7 am at my senior office which was a tough dtc ride of 1 and a half hour some time it was so crowded that I felt today I am going to fell out of it. Working all day including 15 min of break for lunch I get exhausted .i worked in district courts , high courts ,supreme court with my senior . I always remember the day when I got my first reward of rs 500 after we won a case my sir called me and gave me my hard work reward tears roll out of my eyes .some times my senior ask me to go at his house and deliver vegetables to his wife .it was really a tough journey. But after all I had gained much knowledge and experience out of that journey for which I am thankful to my senior .

What advise you will give to the law students in shaping their career ?

See the biggest advise I will give to my upcoming lawyers that please do not panic and be patient u will surely get a big success in your life that will make you big and for this they have to continue it without giving up .read as much as u can like free material on web and text books , daily newspaper will keep u updated ,case laws and participate in all co ciricullar activities .and at last be honest with yourself because you are the future of this country .

Thanks a ton ,sir