Month: July 2020

High time we forget caste system

Caste discrimination is a highly politicised and sensitive issue in India. Despite constitutional safeguards and special legislation for the protection of the country’s 201 million ‘scheduled castes’ (the official term for Hindu, Sikh and Buddhist Dalits), violations of their fundamental human rights continue on a massive scale. Key issues include access to justice and rising violence against Dalits, multiple discrimination against Dalit women, slavery and child labour, discrimination in education, untouchability and access to basic services including humanitarian aid, social and economic rights and shrinking space for Dalit human rights defenders

Caste is both a historical truth of the Indian subcontinent, and a reality of modern-day India. Some of us are still unaware of the extent to which caste remains an ordering principle in our society today. Caste is present in a massive way in most of India and caste-based discrimination and violence takes place across the nation. In metropolitan cities too, caste has its ugly presence, even if not in obvious ways.

After India achieved independence, quotas on employment- known as ‘reservations’ were introduced into the Constitution, and discriminating against the lower castes was made illegal. By 1990, the quota rose to about 49%, and it applied to groups that were classified as “Other Backward Classes”, “Scheduled Castes,” and “Scheduled Tribes” (groups of historically disadvantaged indigenous Indians).

A major misunderstanding is that there are only four castes: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra. These are the Varna’s, which are considered ‘super castes’. However, castes are often regional, and divided based on not just profession. Profession is a minor part of the division that is mainly hereditary, based on different traditions and social status, and degrees of untouchability. And the “untouchable” castes: the main victims of this system of oppression, are not even mentioned in the Vedas. The Dalits, or Scheduled Castes as the government recognises them, form a fifth Varna kept out of the system.  

In the caste system, the women were utterly neglected. They enjoyed a very conservative and traditional type of status. They were denied the privilege of higher education. They could not voice their opinion in public affairs.

The women belonging to the higher castes led a still more precarious life due to the practice of child marriage and prohibition of widow remarriage. The desire for male made women produces more and more children which affected their physical and mental condition. Sometimes the lower caste women were sexually harassed by the higher caste males but they could not protest against them due to the prevailing social pattern. In a nutshell, women enjoyed a very low status in the caste system.

Leaders in India must continue to challenge the mindset of those who seek to maintain the status quo. Of the Dalit children who stay in education, the majority are still forced to sit in the back of class and banned from touching mid-day meals. Similarly, a recent survey found that 65% of health workers still refuse to visit SC and ST settlements at all, denying basic care to some of India’s most vulnerable people. Violence against Dalits remains rife. As long as this kind of prejudice remains progress will continue to stall. Modi, himself a member of an Other Backwards Class but at risk of alienating his core support of Gujarati Patels, has been very reluctant to challenge prejudicial language during these recent anti-reservation protests. If the Indian government remains committed to tackling extreme poverty then they must find long term solutions to caste inequality than are currently in place.  

Trump executive order possibly provide better market access to indian pharma companies in U.S

President Donald Trump executive orders, aimed at substantially reducing drug prices for the US residents, underscore the campaign pitch of the next election. Pharma pricing has been one of the most widely debated topic in America and we are likely to see some pre-election action on the issue.

Trump said the first order “will require federal community health centers to pass the giant discounts they receive from drug companies on insulin and EpiPens directly to their patients,” while the second allows some drug importation and the third will take discounts away from middlemen such as pharmacy benefits manager and give them to patients.

The fourth order will require that Medicare purchase drugs at the same price as foreign countries pay, Trump said. It “will end global freeloading on the backs of American patients and American seniors.

Though the enforcement of the orders before the November 3 election looks difficult because of legal hurdles and various caveats, if they go through Indian drug manufacturers may stand to benefit in terms of increased market access on the formulation side.

As a result of the orders, the heads of major drug companies have requested a meeting on Tuesday to discuss how to lower drug prices and out-of-pocket expenses for Americans, the president added. If talks are successful, the administration may not need to implement the fourth executive order.

The Trump’s order in general is aimed at reducing the gains of middlemen in the US pharma value chain and to that extent, at least optically, it doesn’t impact manufacturers directly. But the way drug price negotiations are usually done it can have an indirect impact on the large pharma manufacturers.

The most important executive order from the manufactures point of view is the fourth one. Spooked by this order, the stocks of the US-based big pharma companies reacted negatively on Friday. While the order doesn’t distinguish between patented drugs and generic drugs, it is most likely meant for the former as the generic market is already quite competitive.

Since the whole idea of the executive orders is to make drugs affordable, there is a good chance of a revamp of the US medicare and the way drug price negotiations are done. This can have a positive outcome on market access. In our opinion, Indian drug manufactures such as Cadila, Lupin, Cipla, Dr Reddy and Sun Pharma and a few small-sized pharma companies, such as Laurus Labs, may benefit if such an event unfolds. In such a case, volume opportunity may offset the incremental pricing erosion.

Trump over the years often has stated that drug companies are “getting away with murder” and prices are “out of control,” though this year he has been meeting with pharma execs as their companies work on a CoronaVirus vaccine.

Maggi story as brand

The MAGGI brand originated in Switzerland. It was founded in 1884, when Swiss entrepreneur Julius Maggi had a vision: to make good-tasting and nutritious food accessible to busy, working families. He invented a powdered pea and bean soup, to provide nutritious, easy to prepare food for busy women who worked in factories and didn’t have time to prepare healthy meals.

This first MAGGI product was followed two years later with the invention of ready-to-use soups and liquid seasoning. Nestlé acquired the MAGGI brand in 1947 and today, more than 120 years later, we strive to build on Julius Maggi’s ambition of making delicious, quality and nutritious food accessible to all.

Today the tradition continues around the world. Whether it’s MAGGI bouillons, soups, or seasonings, consumers have come to know and trust the MAGGI brand for its high quality, convenience and nutrition.

History

The company originated in Switzerland in 1884, when Julius Maggi took over his father’s mill. He quickly became a pioneer of industrial food production, aiming to improve the nutritional intake of worker families. Maggi was the first to bring protein-rich legume meals to the market, and followed up with a ready-made soup based on legume meals in 1886. After that Julius Maggi introduced bouillon concentrates, first in capsules, then in cubes. In 1897, Julius Maggi founded the company Maggi GmbH in Singen, Germany.

Maggi has become a household name and it is synonymous with noodles. However, Maggi offers other products apart from noodles, and these are soups, ketchups, sauces, and stock cubes. Maggi as a brand was established in 1863 in Switzerland, when Julius Michael Johannes Maggi developed a formula to bring greater taste to meals. In 1882, the Swiss Public Welfare Society authorised Maggi to come up with a vegetable food product that is easy and quick to prepare, to help with the problem of women having less time in the kitchen.

This led to the creation of two instant pea soups and an instant bean soup that reached the height of success. In 1947, Maggi merged with Nestle and since then it has been providing high quality and innovative products to the world.   Maggi has captured the hearts of millions around the world because it understands the needs of people and manages to meet these demands. For example, in the 1980s, when there was a huge increase in the number of women joining the workforce, Nestle India introduced Maggi 2 Minute Noodles to the Indian crowd. This is how Maggi revolutionised the instant food industry, particularly the instant noodles segment. When eating habits of people changed, Maggi tweaked its products to include low-fat bouillons.   

When Maggi was launched in India in the 1980s, there was no direct competition from instant noodle brands. However, there was competition from other snacks that Indians had been fond of for decades, and these included samosas, pakoras, and sandwiches. However, most of these snacks are purchased from roadside stalls, and are relatively unhygienic and unhealthy. So, Maggi positioned itself as the only hygienic homemade brand. It decided to target working women who did not have much time to prepare elaborate meals in the kitchen. However, Maggi realised later, through surveys, that children were the largest consumers of Maggi noodles. And then Maggi repositioned its brand towards the kids segment and included various promotional tools such as sketch pens, colour pencils, and fun books to entice children. And this worked wonders for the brand. Due to its promotional activities, Maggi’s annual growth grew by 15% during its initial years, and today, Maggi is the leading brand in the instant noodles segment in India, with a market share of 79.3%.   

Maggi is worth Rs 200 crores and contributes to approximately 10% of Nestle India’s top line. Being a pioneer in the noodles market in India has definitely given Maggi a boost and first mover’s advantage over other brands. Maggi is slowly but surely widening its market to reach out to more and more people. Today, Maggi has introduced Vegetable and Dal Atta noodles to cater to those who are health conscious. Maggi’s products come in travel packs as well as bulk packs, to cater to those who look for convenience while travelling and those who are price sensitive and prefer to purchase food in bulk. Maggi is one of the few brands to have taken the time to understand its consumers and their requirements, which is why it is one of the most successful brands, not only in India but in the world. 

First batch of Rafale jets leave from France; to be inducted in Indian Air Force on 29th July

The first batch of five Rafale jets flew out of France and will arrive in India on Wednesday. The fighter jets will officially be inducted and join the Indian Air Force fleet in Haryana’s Ambala on July 29th.  The fighter jets, built by French aviation firm Dassault, took off from the Merignac airbase in southern France’s Bordeaux.

The five aircraft will be the first tranche of the 36 planes bought by India from France in a Rs. 59,000-crore inter-governmental deal in 2016.

The Rafale aircraft will cover a distance of nearly 7,000 km from France to India with air-to-air refuelling and a single stop at a French airbase in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Indian Embassy in France in a statement said, Delivery of ten aircraft has been completed on schedule but Five will stay back in France for training Mission.

The delivery of all 36 aircraft will be completed on schedule by the end of 2021. Delivery of ten rafale aircrafts have been completed on schedule. 

Five rafales will stay back in france for training mission. First Rafale fighter jet was handed over to India in October 2019. 

India maintained new high of more than 5 lakh COVID 19 tests in a single day: Health Ministry

India has created and maintained a new high of more than 5 lakh COVID 19 tests conducted in a single day over two consecutive days.

Health Ministry said, this is the outcome of the Union Government’s focus on aggressive testing, tracking and treatment policy to curb the spread of COVID-19.

On Sunday, India tested a total of 5 lakh 15 thousand samples and yesterday, a total of 5 lakh 28 thousand samples were tested.

Environment Minister to dedicate to people Guinness world record recognizing India’s efforts in monitoring its wild tiger population

Union Environment Minister Prakash Javadekar will dedicate the Guinness world record to the people on the eve of Global Tiger Day, 2020 today. The record recognizes the country’s efforts in monitoring its wild tiger population as the world’s largest camera-trap survey of wildlife.
 
India now has nearly 70 per cent of the global tiger population. The event is expected to be joined by around 500 participants from across the country. The Minister is likely to launch the new website and Outreach Journal of the National Tiger Conservation Authority.
 
The Heads of the Governments of Tiger range countries had resolved to double the tiger population by the year 2022. In this regard, Saint Petersburg Declaration on Tiger Conservation was signed by the countries in 2010. It was decided to celebrate 29th of July as Global Tiger Day across the world to create awareness on tiger conservation.

Fiscal Policy

Fiscal policy is the guiding force that helps the government decide how much money it should spend to support the economic activity, and how much revenue it must earn from the system, to keep the wheels of the economy running smoothly.


Fiscal policy in India:

Fiscal policy in India is the guiding force that helps the government decide how much money it should spend to support the economic activity, and how much revenue it must earn from the system, to keep the wheels of the economy running smoothly. In recent times, the importance of fiscal policy has been increasing to achieve economic growth swiftly, both in India and across the world. Attaining rapid economic growth is one of the key goals of fiscal policy formulated by the Government of India. Fiscal policy, along with monetary policy, plays a crucial role in managing a country’s economy.


What is meant by Fiscal Policy in India?

Example of Fiscal Policy in India:
Through the fiscal policy, the government of a country controls the flow of tax revenues and public expenditure to navigate the economy. If the government receives more revenue than it spends, it runs a surplus, while if it spends more than the tax and non-tax receipts, it runs a deficit. To meet additional expenditures, the government needs to borrow domestically or from overseas. Alternatively, the government may also choose to draw upon its foreign exchange reserves or print additional money.
For example, during an economic downturn, the government may decide to open up its coffers to spend more on building projects, welfare schemes, providing business incentives, etc. The aim is to help make more of productive money available to the people, free up some cash with the people so that they can spend it elsewhere, and encourage businesses to make investments. At the same time, the government may also decide to tax businesses and people a little less, thereby earning lesser revenue itself.
Main objectives of Fiscal Policy in India:
• Economic growth: Fiscal policy helps maintain the economy’s growth rate so that certain economic goals can be achieved.
• Price stability: It controls the price level of the country so that when the inflation is too high, prices can be regulated.
• Full employment: It aims to achieve full employment, or near full employment, as a tool to recover from low economic activity.

The objective of fiscal policy is to maintain the condition of full employment, economic stability and to stabilize the rate of growth.
Generally following are the objectives of a fiscal policy in a developing economy:

  1. Full Employment:
    The first and foremost objective of fiscal policy in a developing economy is to achieve and maintain full employment in an economy. Therefore, to reduce unemployment and under-employment, the state should spend sufficiently on social and economic overheads. These expenFull Employment:ditures would help to create more employment opportunities and increase the productive efficiency of the economy.
    In this way, public expenditure and public sector investment have a special role to play in a modern state. A properly planned investment will not only expand income, output and employment but will also step up effective demand through multiplier process and the economy will march automatically towards full employment. Besides public investment, private investment can also be encouraged through tax holidays, concessions, cheap loans, subsidies etc.
  2. Price Stability:
    In developing economies, inflation is a permanent phenomena where there is a tendency to the rise in prices due to expanding trend of public expenditure. As a result of rise in income, aggregate demand exceeds aggregate supply. Capital goods and consumer goods fail to keep pace with rising income.
    In short, fiscal policy should try to remove the bottlenecks and structural rigidities which cause imbalance in various sectors of the economy. Moreover, it should strengthen physical controls of essential commodities, granting of concessions, subsidies and protection in the economy. In short, fiscal measures as well as monetary measures go side by side to achieve the objectives of economic growth and stability.
  3. To Accelerate the Rate of Economic Growth:
    Primarily, fiscal policy in a developing economy, should aim at achieving an accelerated rate of economic growth. But a high rate of economic growth cannot be achieved and maintained without stability in the economy. Therefore, fiscal measures such as taxation, public borrowing and deficit financing etc. should be used properly so that production, consumption and distribution may not adversely affect. It should promote the economy as a whole which in turn helps to raise national income and per capita income.
  4. Optimum Allocation of Resources:
    Fiscal measures like taxation and public expenditure programmes, can greatly affect the allocation of resources in various occupations and sectors. As it is true, the national income and per capita income of underdeveloped countries is very low. In order to gear the economy, the government can push the growth of social infrastructure through fiscal measures. Public expenditure, subsidies and incentives can favorably influence the allocation of resources in the desired channels.
    Tax exemptions and tax concessions may help a lot in attracting resources towards the favoured industries. On the contrary, high taxation may draw away resources in a specific sector. Above all, direct curtailment of consumption and socially unproductive investment may be helpful in mobilization of resources and the further check of the inflationary trends in the economy.
  5. Equitable Distribution of Income and Wealth:
    To reduce inequalities and to do distributive justice, the government should invest in those productive channels which incur benefit to low income groups and are helpful in raising their productivity and technology. Therefore, redistributive expenditure should help economic development and economic development should help redistribution.
  6. Economic Stability:
    Fiscal measures, to a larger extent, promote economic stability in the face of short-run international cyclical fluctuations. These fluctuations cause variations in terms of trade, making the most favourable to the developed and unfavourable to the developing economies. So, for the purpose of bringing economic stability, fiscal methods should incorporate built-in-flexibility in the budgetary system so that income and expenditure of the government may automatically provide compensatory effect on the rise or fall of the nation’s income.
    What is the difference between fiscal policy and monetary policy?
    The government uses both monetary and fiscal policy to meet the county’s economic objectives. The central bank of a country mainly administers monetary policy. In India, the Monetary Policy is under the Reserve Bank of India or RBI. Monetary policy majorly deals with money, currency, and interest rates. On the other hand, under the fiscal policy, the government deals with taxation and spending by the Centre.
    Importance of Fiscal Policy in India:
    • In a country like India, fiscal policy plays a key role in elevating the rate of capital formation both in the public and private sectors.
    • Through taxation, the fiscal policy helps mobilise considerable amount of resources for financing its numerous projects.
    • Fiscal policy also helps in providing stimulus to elevate the savings rate.
    • The fiscal policy gives adequate incentives to the private sector to expand its activities.
    • Fiscal policy aims to minimise the imbalance in the dispersal of income and wealth.

Directorate General of GST Intelligence books 3 firms for tax evasion of over Rs 600 crore

Directorate General of GST Intelligence, DGGI has booked three firms for tax evasion of over 600 crore rupees. An official statement said, a case was booked against M/s. Fortune Graphics Limited, M/s. Reema Polychem Private Limited and M/s. Ganpati Enterprises, who were found involved in issuance of invoices without any actual supply of goods.
 
It said, the case was detected and developed by the officers on further data analytics out of a case booked against one of the exporters, M/s Anannya Exim, covered in the all India joint operation, launched by DGGI and Directorate of Revenue Intelligence in September last year against various exporters for fraudulently claiming IGST refund on the basis of ineligible input tax credit.
 
The statement said, during the investigations conducted by the DGGI Headquarters, it has emerged that the three companies have issued invoices worth more than 4,100 crore rupees wherein tax amount of more than 600 crore rupees has been fraudulently passed on as ITC credit to different entities.

In this regard, three persons have been arrested by DGGI for committing offences under GST Act and remanded for judicial custody by the Magistrate. 

Chhattisgarh govt extends lockdown in hotspot areas till 6th August

In Chhattisgarh, the state government has decided to extend the lockdown in hotspot areas till August 6 following surge in COVID-19 cases. The decision was taken at a high-level meeting chaired by Chief Minister Bhupesh Baghel yesterday.
 
Briefing the media after the meeting, Agriculture Minister Ravindra Choubey said that in view of the spurt in COVID-19 cases in several major cities like Raipur, Durg and Bilaspur, a decision has been taken to extend the week-long lockdown enforced in these areas till August 6th.
 
All the district collectors have been instructed to continue the lockdown after reviewing the situation. District collectors have been instructed to ensure strict compliance with lockdown rules in corona virus hotspots and take effective steps to check the spread of the infection. Lockdown has been imposed in most parts of Chhattisgarh since July 22nd. 

PM stresses on developing new health infrastructure, boosting existing infrastructure in villages

Prime Minister Narendra Modi mentioned the need to develop new health infrastructure and boost the already existing health infrastructure facilities in the villages during the launch of three high throughput COVID-19 testing facilities yesterday.

Prime Minister said that apart from developing the physical infrastructure, the country has also managed to swiftly ramp up human resources including paramedics, ASHA workers, Anganwadis among others. He said, as health workers, they played a significant part in controlling the spread of the pandemic.

He also spoke about the need to work on continuously attaching new and retired health professionals with the health system in order to prevent fatigue from setting in our Corona Warriors.

The Prime Minister forewarned people to be cautious during the celebrations of the festivals in order to keep the virus contained. He underlined that the benefits of PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojna should reach the poor on a timely basis. He added that till the time a vaccine is not developed, people should adhere to the health guidelines following do gaz doori, wearing masks and hand sanitization.

The launch ceremony of the three high-throughput testing facilities was also attended by Union Health Minister Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and West Bengal along with ICMR Director General Dr Balram Bhargava.

PM Modi says, efforts underway to increase COVID-19 testing capacity to 10 lakh daily in coming weeks

Prime  Minister Narendra Modi has said that due to timely decisions taken by the government, India is better placed in comparison with many other countries in terms of deaths due to COVID. The recovery rate is also higher than other countries and is improving on a daily basis. He said, the total number of people who have recovered from the virus is about to reach 10 lakh.  
 
The Prime Minister was speaking at the launch of three high throughput COVID-19 testing facilities via video conferencing yesterday. These facilities are located at the National Institutes of Indian Council of Medical Research, at Kolkata, Mumbai and Noida.

He said that these hi-tech testing facilities will boost the testing capacity by almost 10,000 daily tests. He said, more number of tests will assist early detection and treatment which will bolster the fight against the Corona virus.

He added that these labs will not be limited to testing for COVID, but in future, will also be able to test for Hepatitis B and C, HIV, Dengue and several other diseases.
 
The Prime Minister said that it was imperative for the country to develop Corona specific health infrastructure at a fast pace. He noted that the Centre had announced a package of 15 thousand crore at the beginning of this health menace.

Mr. Modi said, the country now has more than 11 thousand COVID facilities and more than 11 lakh isolation beds. Speaking about the testing facilities, Prime Minister said, the country had only one COVID testing centre in January. He mentioned in a small span of time, there are almost 1,300 such labs in the country now.

He said that at present, more than five lakh tests are being conducted in the country daily and efforts are on to increase this capacity to 10 lakh in the coming weeks.
 
Prime Minister noted that the country has become the second largest PPE kit manufacturer. He said, the country has progressed from not having even a single PPE kit manufacturer six months ago, to having more than 1200 manufacturers.

He also highlighted that from being dependent on imports, now more than three lakh N-95 masks are being produced in the country daily. He also highlighted that the annual production capacity of ventilators in the country has become 3 lakh and there has also been a significant increase in the production of medical oxygen cylinders.
 
Mr. Modi said, these developments have helped save lives and have converted India from being an importer of such products to becoming an exporter.

Book Review: The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari – A fable about fulfilling your dreams and Reaching Your Destiny


Publisher: JAICO publishing house
Author: Robin Sharma
Published year: 1997
Genre: Motivational Fable
About the Author:
“Robin Sharma is CEO of Sharma leadership international. Author of 11 international
bestseller books such as the monk who sold his Ferrari, who will cry when you die, the secret
letters. Highly influential blogger plus motivational speaker.”

“Everything is created twice, first in the mind and then in reality.”

Robin Sharma

Narration:
The story revolves around conversation between Julian Mantel, an unsatisfied
lawyer in spite of having all things one can imagine and John. Its narrative book that
narrates how he disguised himself and made a journey to India took advantage of all ancient
techniques to master thoughts. And how his journey to India brought change and why he left
and came back to his own country with an aim imparting the knowledge learned by him.

Plot and setting of story:
This book talks about seven virtues that have potential to transform your life within the span
of 21 odd days if practiced daily with dedication. This book supports each and every point with
practical examples that make it more beautiful.Every word, sentences, examples make book so
lively that while reading this book one can connect oneself and imagine oneself as a listener –
John in such a way that whatsoever doubts arise in your mind while reading are answered in book
by Julian while conversing with John and that’s magical. Once you start reading the book,throughout
there will be a smile on your face with a ray of knowledge reflecting within your mind.
So, Yes! That serves the purpose of keeping the plot of the story narrative very well.

Evaluation:
This book have the power that can hit you hard to change your age-old procrastinating behavior.
Language of books shakes you from questions such as – ‘How you can spread love
if you don’t know how to learn oneself.’
This is one of those books which talks about ‘The price of greatness is responsibility over
each of your thoughts.’ which simply makes yourself accountable for dusky days and
shinning nights. This book talks about Indian Monks – who master in the art of living. This
book is a story of a lawyer and his journey from being old to young. Yes! you read that right,
This story is more of realistic fable rather than fairy tales dreams and that’s the reason you
should grab one copy of the book if you are one of those reader like who feel the fragrance of
book first and then read book by highlighting the line you loved the most or else if you are
one who like reading on tab with a coffee and popcorn than you can go through this link:
https://www.apnamba.com/Ebookspdf/The%20Monk%20who%20sold%20his%20ferrari%2 0-%20Robin%20Sharma%20(PDF)%20%5BQwerty80%5D.pdf to read once and make your own review.

Rating:
I would like to give 4 stars out of 5 because of minimal efforts on language but that is not
exactly the case as the idea of living life is so complex that the author wanted to use the
simplest form of language to express complexity of life with a message that, “There is no
quick fix in life.”
By Sonu Chaturvedi

Intuition and its games

It seems like our intuition is like, “Why would we want to invest in something which would cost us a bomb?” We actually get more happiness than we expect out of experiences. But just like anything you could pay money to that gives you happiness, that’s not a thing, that’s like something you experience. So going on vacation, or spending some time in an awesome art gallery, or going to Europe to check out the wonderful paintings there, or going to a concert. Even something short like going out to eat , Those are the kinds of things that are experiences and they’re not going to stick around. You’re not going to have time to adapt to them. Contemporary art or perpetual sugar coated words can suffice anyone’s affection but what stays in the history is the remarkable story that you’ve made so far.

All the impulsive buys a human tends to make are the peak stage of their urge to get things done at the end of the day. Sometimes all the purchases you make when you are trying to heal yourself as a therapy would actually come in handy to make you believe that money is some part of the happiness it isn’t the whole part and parcel of the happiness These are about these experiential purchases makes us really happy. Finally, it seems like we really look forward to these experiential purchases in a way that we might not. And just the fact that you’re a person that tends to do that, that tends to think about your future experiential purchases, that might make you happier than tending to be a materialistic person that tends to think about your next material purchases.

Fashion

In the olden days, man was quite uncivilized. He covered his body with leaves of trees or used to live naked. But with advancement of time and technology they became civilized and cultured. The result was that dress became a part and parcel of life. A fashion may be defined as a manner in which a thing is done or made. In common talk, it means following up to date style. Fashion changes every day. Fashion became so ugly in every 6 months that we have altered after every period of time. Fashions are highly short lived and dynamic. They change as seasons change during the year. Now a day’s dress has been given great importance. Boot cuts are trendy and liked by girls very much. Shirts and pantaloons worn by girls make them look like boys. With the advent of space people of different countries are coming closer. It results in interchanging of dress and clothes with foreign countries. Fashion changes with time like sometimes girls like to wear tight clothes that look exactly like boys in their pantaloons and shirts. Sometimes people like to wear loose clothes. However, people have become fashionable. This smartness is also seen in villages also. In villages people used to dhoti and kurta but with change in fashion also appear in sick and spam dress. Fashion no doubt enhances the charm of women and great attraction to male students. Fashion however, has their own toll to take.

Fashionable dresses are not comfortable at all times. There are several cases when tight dresses are torn to pieces. Some dresses are not medically suited to the body. They cause allergy or skin troubles.

Fashions among students are not only limited to dresses but to so many things like new rubber paper band, tic tok heels, sling bags, sporty look shoes and many more. But the sad part of this fashion is that poor people can’t afford these expensive dresses, suits, accessories. Even sometimes middle class people also have to spend from their savings to purchase these highly standard things.

Fashion keeps on changing with changing habits of eating, social customs, ceremonies and the like. With these changes sometimes people came under debt and had to incur great losses. Fashion of everything changes like draped saree dupatta was earlier in trend now it has come back. In fact, fashion adds a charm and romance to life. Life would have been dull and dreary if things had always remained unchanged.

Sex education in school

Introducing sex education in schools is an important issue. National curriculum focus on cultivating proper understanding education of sex related issues with special focus on teenage pregnancies, drug addiction and adolescent sex education. A survey has been conducted by the ministry of women and child development that depicted more than 53% of children in India are sexually abused. Sex education issue has become debatable issue. Many people feel that such delicate issues should be left to the parents and parents feel embarrassed to talk openly with their children in this regard. Sex is still a taboo in Indian society. We can’t even speak this word openly in front of 4 people. But it’s a part of life. It is believed that teaching our children about sexuality can break down pre existing notions of modesty. But with increase cases of unwanted pregnancies, HIV AIDS and other sex related disease, it is important that sex education shou8ld be given in schools and colleges. With time of puberty changes, some physical and mental changes start appearing in children and they found it strange to cope up with the changes. So it is very important for them to provide sex e3ducation.suvey indicate that on an average every urban student watches television for 2 hrs daily. Some sex scenes shown on some foreign television channels, vulgar language shown in Indian cinema also create negative impact on them. The small screens stimulate the youngsters sexually. Thus in absence of knowledge about sex they commit mistakes which result into unwanted pregnancies, HIV positive cases and other sexually transmitted diseases. In India, the cases of unwanted pregnancies are reported much higher in comparison to other developed countries.

There has been a rise in incidents of physical abuse of children. Children fall victims and they keep silent and live with the trauma throughout their lives.sex education also provide our younger’s to resist abusive behavior and provide them forum for expressing their fears and feelings openly. In this world children are the most vulnerable section of society so they need to be taught the difference between good and bad touch in order to protect themselves from child abuse. This sex education helps adolescents to come in healthy terms with their sexual identities and overcome feelings of guilt and shame. During adolescent age children begin to see the world in a mature way.

School life became an integral part of every child. Along with academic subjects children must be given sex education in schools only because school is the second home where children learn bad or good habits. While imparting sex education the boys and girls should be divided into two groups and taught separately. A lady teacher should teach girls and a male one should teach boys so that there must be no embarrassment and they should be able to learn. They will freely clear their doubts and proper care should be given to the contents of the topic which is to be discussed.

It is high time for sex education to be introduced in the educational curriculum. It will create a liberal thinking among youths.