- The negative implications of Facebook
- Television programs must be censored before broadcasting.
- Talking during movies at the theater is rude behavior.
- How the paparazzi hinders free press
- The good and bad when it comes to Google
- The paparazzi are the real stalkers.
- Celebrities get away with everything.
- Video games are not evil.
- Downloading copyrighted MP3s is piracy.
- Sex and violence on television is harmful to children.
- Ad spots in news programs should be banned.
- News media should give equal attention to all politicians.
- There is nothing real about reality TV.
- Social media should be blocked at work places.
- Fake news writers should be punished.
- Word of mouth will always be the best form of advertising.
- TV’s will soon be a thing of the past.
- Romantic movies set unrealistic standards.
- Ads aimed at children should be strictly regulated.
- Television has become the number two news source after the internet and tv will be further downsized.
- Beer advertisements promote irresponsible drinking and ought to be banned from the communal street views.
- Harry Potter books are popular even among adults.
- News reporters earn money because of people who make a mess of their lives.
- No news is good news!
- Books should never be burned in public.
Day: July 27, 2021
Media
- The negative implications of Facebook
- Television programs must be censored before broadcasting.
- Talking during movies at the theater is rude behavior.
- How the paparazzi hinders free press
- The good and bad when it comes to Google
- The paparazzi are the real stalkers.
- Celebrities get away with everything.
- Video games are not evil.
- Downloading copyrighted MP3s is piracy.
- Sex and violence on television is harmful to children.
- Ad spots in news programs should be banned.
- News media should give equal attention to all politicians.
- There is nothing real about reality TV.
- Social media should be blocked at work places.
- Fake news writers should be punished.
- Word of mouth will always be the best form of advertising.
- TV’s will soon be a thing of the past.
- Romantic movies set unrealistic standards.
- Ads aimed at children should be strictly regulated.
- Television has become the number two news source after the internet and tv will be further downsized.
- Beer advertisements promote irresponsible drinking and ought to be banned from the communal street views.
- Harry Potter books are popular even among adults.
- News reporters earn money because of people who make a mess of their lives.
- No news is good news!
- Books should never be burned in public.
Health
- People need to visit dentists more often.
- Fast foods must be more expensive than healthier foods.
- Music has healing power.
- Fast food restaurants are not responsible for obesity.
- Eating fruit is healthier than drinking fruit juice.
- Medical marijuana isn’t a cure.
- Vegan diets are too extreme.
- Benefits of drinking 2L of water per day is a myth.
- Calcium doesn’t make teeth stronger.
- Losing weight is easy, keeping it off is not.
- Aging cannot be reversed.
- Fat isn’t bad for you.
- Electronic cigarettes are harmful.
- Diet pills do not work.
- Balanced sugar-free nutrition is an effective treatment for ADHD.
- Hospitals should allow owners of pets to have their pets brought in
- Buying local goods is better for the economy and for our health
- The impact of consuming all organic foods on our bodies
- The benefits of alternative medicine vs. Western medicine.

- Fast food and the war on obesity
- Morbidly obese people should have to pay more for public transportation
- Healthcare should include a gym membership and nutrition counseling
Health
- People need to visit dentists more often.
- Fast foods must be more expensive than healthier foods.
- Music has healing power.
- Fast food restaurants are not responsible for obesity.
- Eating fruit is healthier than drinking fruit juice.
- Medical marijuana isn’t a cure.
- Vegan diets are too extreme.
- Benefits of drinking 2L of water per day is a myth.
- Calcium doesn’t make teeth stronger.
- Losing weight is easy, keeping it off is not.
- Aging cannot be reversed.
- Fat isn’t bad for you.
- Electronic cigarettes are harmful.
- Diet pills do not work.
- Balanced sugar-free nutrition is an effective treatment for ADHD.
- Hospitals should allow owners of pets to have their pets brought in
- Buying local goods is better for the economy and for our health
- The impact of consuming all organic foods on our bodies
- The benefits of alternative medicine vs. Western medicine.

- Fast food and the war on obesity
- Morbidly obese people should have to pay more for public transportation
- Healthcare should include a gym membership and nutrition counseling
Government and the Law

- Two child max rule should apply worldwide.
- Smoking in all public places should be illegal worldwide.
- Legalize abortion for rape and incest cases.
- Buyers should be punished even harsher than poachers.
- Cosmetic surgery should be regulated.
- Equal punishment and less protection for celebrities who break the law
- Impose bi-annual drivers tests for people over 60
- People on welfare should be drug tested to receive welfare, and at random to keep it
- Moral and legal stance on capital punishment
- Immigrants should be required to speak the primary language of the country they wish to immigrate to
- Red light cameras at every traffic light
- Everyone having access to affordable or even free universal health care
- The government is no longer “by the people and for the people”
- Impose stricter federal restrictions on internet content
- Making self-defense courses available to the public
- Regulate automobile emissions
- All weapons must be registered with the police
- The government shouldn’t censor information given online
- Stricter punishments for driving drunk
- No death penalty for juveniles
- Higher standards held for the President
- Weeding out the dirty politicians
- Protecting the quality of drinking water in America
- Criminals should pay restitution to their victims rather than to society
- Eliminate cursing on day-time television
- Restrictions on garbage output to reduce pollution and carbon footprint
- Legal issues are the best sources to find suggestions for persuasive speech topics.
- There is a need for more prisons.
- Human rights must be respected.
Government and the Law

- Two child max rule should apply worldwide.
- Smoking in all public places should be illegal worldwide.
- Legalize abortion for rape and incest cases.
- Buyers should be punished even harsher than poachers.
- Cosmetic surgery should be regulated.
- Equal punishment and less protection for celebrities who break the law
- Impose bi-annual drivers tests for people over 60
- People on welfare should be drug tested to receive welfare, and at random to keep it
- Moral and legal stance on capital punishment
- Immigrants should be required to speak the primary language of the country they wish to immigrate to
- Red light cameras at every traffic light
- Everyone having access to affordable or even free universal health care
- The government is no longer “by the people and for the people”
- Impose stricter federal restrictions on internet content
- Making self-defense courses available to the public
- Regulate automobile emissions
- All weapons must be registered with the police
- The government shouldn’t censor information given online
- Stricter punishments for driving drunk
- No death penalty for juveniles
- Higher standards held for the President
- Weeding out the dirty politicians
- Protecting the quality of drinking water in America
- Criminals should pay restitution to their victims rather than to society
- Eliminate cursing on day-time television
- Restrictions on garbage output to reduce pollution and carbon footprint
- Legal issues are the best sources to find suggestions for persuasive speech topics.
- There is a need for more prisons.
- Human rights must be respected.
SOCIAL MEDIA FRAUD
This is the era of the 21st century, the era of technology, advancement and growth, digitalization has reached its peak.
Earlier technology was bare minimum. No electricity. No transportation. No watch. No television. No radio or any other means of communication.
In order to send a message in the very ancient period it is said that pigeons were used. It would take months for a message to reach as messages were sent with the help of messengers. Further development came. Postal system was created which was quite faster than those messengers.
As time passed, people and technology developed, computers were invented, systems of typing and faxing were invented through which sending messages became much quicker.
Further after 2000's when Remote sensing and GIS developed, launching of Satellites developed, Internet facilities developed, system of e-mail facilities developed, and sending messages became the game of a few seconds. As time passed Google search engine came into existence after Yahoo. As mobile phones developed the Short Message Service(SMS) became far easier and faster. Social networking sites developed in which we can frequently send messages and can communicate live.
It's the universal truth that even the bestest thing in this world has its own disadvantages. Let's say love, which is the most beautiful thing, has its own drawbacks. Similarly non-development of technology as well as the development of technology has their flaws. Another truth is that people in India don't want to work. They want to earn money without struggling. They either beg or use their smart, intellectual and intelligent mind in doing frauds. They want to make money by cheating others.
On one hand technology is becoming a boon in the sense of quickness and comfort. On the other hand it is a boon for those ethical hackers. These people play with the psychology of people, they study the mindset of people and accordingly they plan to cheat on them and grab money from them.
They take help of links, messages and email through which they can lure people. They send random emails giving their identity as a manager of any foreign company. They invoke greed in people as being a lucky winner or a jackpot winner of crores of rupees. One who gets caught in their trap, they ask them to deposit huge amounts of money as service tax, transaction fees, conversion fees before transferring money, which they never send. These types of hackers operate these cells from some remote areas. Some people, even literate ones get caught in the trap of greed invoked by these hackers.
Secondly, phishing is a type of online fraud done by hackers, through sending links. If a person clicks on the link the account and the phone goes in control of the hacker. They can withdraw all the money without the owner's consent. Sometimes they behave as a worker in a bank, by saying that they want to renew their accounts and ask OTP (one time password) from them. They build a person's trust by giving them all the general information of their bank account.
On social media too people do too many frauds by offering jobs, money, gold and many other items by which even a mature and literate person becomes a prey of these hackers.
The bad thing is they have no fear of anybody. If someone identifies them, they are fearless, they continue to cheat because they consider people as dumb.
Another, more sad thing is that when a person faces such kind of fraud he looks forward to police and crime branch but officers over there don't give a damn to these complaints. They don't even notice it. They don't take any actions against these hackers, which makes them more confident and strong on whatever they are doing and that's the reason they have no fear.
Another reason is the government has the least focus on such big issues of the country.
I agree that despite this much awareness, because of people's dumbness and greed, people get caught in these traps, but somewhere I feel that the government is failing to spread awareness and in taking actions against it. Many people who face these frauds are the ones who are in need of money, and hence they get caught in a trap. Many of them earn every penny with great efforts and by giving blood and sweat.
This is a very serious problem of theft on the internet, which is going to become a bigger problem for the people of the country, as technology advances. Hackers and their way of hacking is also getting advanced.
The Internet, technology and advancement are for making our life easy. One should use it smartly, because it depends on us whether we make this advancement of technology as a bane or boon for ourselves.
SOCIAL MEDIA FRAUD
This is the era of the 21st century, the era of technology, advancement and growth, digitalization has reached its peak.
Earlier technology was bare minimum. No electricity. No transportation. No watch. No television. No radio or any other means of communication.
In order to send a message in the very ancient period it is said that pigeons were used. It would take months for a message to reach as messages were sent with the help of messengers. Further development came. Postal system was created which was quite faster than those messengers.
As time passed, people and technology developed, computers were invented, systems of typing and faxing were invented through which sending messages became much quicker.
Further after 2000's when Remote sensing and GIS developed, launching of Satellites developed, Internet facilities developed, system of e-mail facilities developed, and sending messages became the game of a few seconds. As time passed Google search engine came into existence after Yahoo. As mobile phones developed the Short Message Service(SMS) became far easier and faster. Social networking sites developed in which we can frequently send messages and can communicate live.
After 2010 when these facilities became more developed and faster, for the convenience of people and in order to stop corruption, the government of India decided to digitize all the banking facilities. This made it possible to withdraw and deposit money via online services. Government is trying to go cashless with less paper work as soon as possible so that people can operate or can take advantage of banking facilities sitting in any part of the country. Also people could adapt themselves to the changing scenario of developing technologies.
It's the universal truth that even the bestest thing in this world has its own disadvantages. Let's say love, which is the most beautiful thing, has its own drawbacks. Similarly non-development of technology as well as the development of technology has their flaws. Another truth is that people in India don't want to work. They want to earn money without struggling. They either beg or use their smart, intellectual and intelligent mind in doing frauds. They want to make money by cheating others.
On one hand technology is becoming a boon in the sense of quickness and comfort. On the other hand it is a boon for those ethical hackers. These people play with the psychology of people, they study the mindset of people and accordingly they plan to cheat on them and grab money from them.
They take help of links, messages and email through which they can lure people. They send random emails giving their identity as a manager of any foreign company. They invoke greed in people as being a lucky winner or a jackpot winner of crores of rupees. One who gets caught in their trap, they ask them to deposit huge amounts of money as service tax, transaction fees, conversion fees before transferring money, which they never send. These types of hackers operate these cells from some remote areas. Some people, even literate ones get caught in the trap of greed invoked by these hackers.
Secondly, phishing is a type of online fraud done by hackers, through sending links. If a person clicks on the link the account and the phone goes in control of the hacker. They can withdraw all the money without the owner's consent. Sometimes they behave as a worker in a bank, by saying that they want to renew their accounts and ask OTP (one time password) from them. They build a person's trust by giving them all the general information of their bank account.
On social media too people do too many frauds by offering jobs, money, gold and many other items by which even a mature and literate person becomes a prey of these hackers.
The bad thing is they have no fear of anybody. If someone identifies them, they are fearless, they continue to cheat because they consider people as dumb.
Another, more sad thing is that when a person faces such kind of fraud he looks forward to police and crime branch but officers over there don't give a damn to these complaints. They don't even notice it. They don't take any actions against these hackers, which makes them more confident and strong on whatever they are doing and that's the reason they have no fear.
Another reason is the government has the least focus on such big issues of the country.
I agree that despite this much awareness, because of people's dumbness and greed, people get caught in these traps, but somewhere I feel that the government is failing to spread awareness and in taking actions against it. Many people who face these frauds are the ones who are in need of money, and hence they get caught in a trap. Many of them earn every penny with great efforts and by giving blood and sweat.
This is a very serious problem of theft on the internet, which is going to become a bigger problem for the people of the country, as technology advances. Hackers and their way of hacking is also getting advanced.
The Internet, technology and advancement are for making our life easy. One should use it smartly, because it depends on us whether we make this advancement of technology as a bane or boon for ourselves.
What is Apiculture
History of Indian Rupee
The Indian rupee refers to India’s national currency and is represented by ISO code INR. It is regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the country’s central bank. The Indian rupee is named after the “rupiya,” a silver coin issued for the first time in the 16th century.
India’s economy used to be cash-based, resulting in the circulation of counterfeit currencies by those involved in criminal activity. Over the years, RBI was compelled to change and upgrade INR notes with new security features. Generally, large denominations are the most forged bills. In 2016, the Government of India declared the demonetization of all notes in denominations of 500 INR and 1000 INR of the Mahatma Gandhi Set.
At the beginning of 1830, the English exerted a significant influence in India. The Coinage Act of 1835 made a standardized coinage possible in the country. The new version of the coins featured the effigy of William IV on the original side and the denomination on the reverse, written in Persian and English.
On the other hand, coins issued after 1840 bore a portrait of Queen Victoria. In 1862, the first coin issued under the crown was authorized. The Coinage Act of India, which regulates the establishment of mints and the issuance of coins, was passed in 1906 and is still in force today.

Historically, the rupiya was a silver coin. It resulted in significant implications in the 19th century when the world’s largest countries were under the gold standard. The discovery of huge volumes of silver in the European colonies and the U.S. sparked the panic of 1873. It led to the devaluation of silver compared to gold, resulting in a fall in India’s standard currency value.
The condition during the Second World War led to Quaternary Silver Alloy replacing the regular rupee. The coins produced in 1940 were substituted in 1947 by pure nickel coins. India gained its independence on August 15, 1947. However, the prevailing currency remained frozen until January 26, 1950, when the country adopted its own constitution. In 1957, India introduced a decimal currency scheme where 100 paise formed a rupee.
In 2016, the government decided to demonetize 500 and 100 INR notes, arguing that it would curb the underground economy, rendering it even more difficult to use illicit and counterfeit cash to finance crime and terrorism. Following the move, the RBI declared the issuance of new notes of denominations 500 and 2000 INR in a new Mahatma Gandhi series.

As of April 2019, the latest circulated notes included denominations of 5 INR,10 INR, 20 INR, 50 INR, and 100 INR notes of the Mahatma Gandhi Old Series and the 10 INR, 20 INR, 50 INR, 100 INR, 200 INR, 500 INR and 2000 INR notes of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series. The new series of INR notes contains various micro-printed texts, such as “Bharata” and “RBI,” in different locations.
Officially, INR’s exchange rates are determined by the market. However, the RBI aggressively deals in the USD/INR currency market to influence the exchange rate. As a result, the currency system in place for INR compared to the USD is a regulated exchange rate. It is often called a “managed float.”
Other exchange rates, such as INR/JPY and EUR/INR, are subject to fluctuations characteristic of floating exchange rates. As a result, it generates arbitrage opportunities against the exchange rates.

Successive governments through RBI prefer not to pursue a strategy of pegging the INR to a particular foreign currency at a specific exchange rate. RBI’s interference in currency markets is primarily intended to make sure that the exchange rate volatility is low.
History of Indian Rupee
The Indian rupee refers to India’s national currency and is represented by ISO code INR. It is regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the country’s central bank. The Indian rupee is named after the “rupiya,” a silver coin issued for the first time in the 16th century.
India’s economy used to be cash-based, resulting in the circulation of counterfeit currencies by those involved in criminal activity. Over the years, RBI was compelled to change and upgrade INR notes with new security features. Generally, large denominations are the most forged bills. In 2016, the Government of India declared the demonetization of all notes in denominations of 500 INR and 1000 INR of the Mahatma Gandhi Set.
At the beginning of 1830, the English exerted a significant influence in India. The Coinage Act of 1835 made a standardized coinage possible in the country. The new version of the coins featured the effigy of William IV on the original side and the denomination on the reverse, written in Persian and English.
On the other hand, coins issued after 1840 bore a portrait of Queen Victoria. In 1862, the first coin issued under the crown was authorized. The Coinage Act of India, which regulates the establishment of mints and the issuance of coins, was passed in 1906 and is still in force today.

Historically, the rupiya was a silver coin. It resulted in significant implications in the 19th century when the world’s largest countries were under the gold standard. The discovery of huge volumes of silver in the European colonies and the U.S. sparked the panic of 1873. It led to the devaluation of silver compared to gold, resulting in a fall in India’s standard currency value.
The condition during the Second World War led to Quaternary Silver Alloy replacing the regular rupee. The coins produced in 1940 were substituted in 1947 by pure nickel coins. India gained its independence on August 15, 1947. However, the prevailing currency remained frozen until January 26, 1950, when the country adopted its own constitution. In 1957, India introduced a decimal currency scheme where 100 paise formed a rupee.
In 2016, the government decided to demonetize 500 and 100 INR notes, arguing that it would curb the underground economy, rendering it even more difficult to use illicit and counterfeit cash to finance crime and terrorism. Following the move, the RBI declared the issuance of new notes of denominations 500 and 2000 INR in a new Mahatma Gandhi series.

As of April 2019, the latest circulated notes included denominations of 5 INR,10 INR, 20 INR, 50 INR, and 100 INR notes of the Mahatma Gandhi Old Series and the 10 INR, 20 INR, 50 INR, 100 INR, 200 INR, 500 INR and 2000 INR notes of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series. The new series of INR notes contains various micro-printed texts, such as “Bharata” and “RBI,” in different locations.
Officially, INR’s exchange rates are determined by the market. However, the RBI aggressively deals in the USD/INR currency market to influence the exchange rate. As a result, the currency system in place for INR compared to the USD is a regulated exchange rate. It is often called a “managed float.”
Other exchange rates, such as INR/JPY and EUR/INR, are subject to fluctuations characteristic of floating exchange rates. As a result, it generates arbitrage opportunities against the exchange rates.

Successive governments through RBI prefer not to pursue a strategy of pegging the INR to a particular foreign currency at a specific exchange rate. RBI’s interference in currency markets is primarily intended to make sure that the exchange rate volatility is low.
The Lady With the Lamp
During the second half of the 19th century,almost all the general hospitals had borne the painful sounds of people due to its mal- maintenance and unhealthy atmosphere. These hospitals were not equipped with the staff like nurses to take care of these weak people. During this time,a lady came like an angel! Do you know her name? Yes…she is Auguste Florence Nightingale,was an English social reformer, statistician and the founder of modern nursing. She was the daughter of a very rich man and determined to sacrifice her home , wealth and life for the improvement of these hospitals; much against her parents’ will in getting her married to a wealthy groom for a happy and peaceful life. Florence’s parents felt light at heart When they witnessed their daughter’s determination to serve the suffering soldiers. Florence began her pioneer service along with 38 other nurses in 1854. It was in 1856 she returned to England and started a training School for nurses.Nightingale came to prominence while serving as a manager and trainer of nurses during the Crimean War, in which she organised care for wounded soldiers at Constantinople.She also made efforts for improving the health condition of all sections of British society, advocated for better hunger relief for India. so she should be there in our memories, so annual International Nurses Day is celebrated on her birthday.
The angels in our society,a powerful pillar in the area of health care, deserve a lot of respect from the side of our society. It is very notable that they always act as the one with the needy. Like Florence Nightingale who served for the soldiers , now many nightingales work hard in order to save the people from the distress during these Covid times all over the world. They know that they are risking their own life,but selflessly work for mankind. During these Covid days, the services of doctors and nurses are notable, because when the patient isolated themselves from the whole society,they played the role of god to give a new life…Nurses and doctors are the backbone of our healthcare system who have been risking their lives for months.It is not possible to wear PPE kit for more than seven hours. One cannot even use the toilet with this kit, but wearing it is a must for their safety. They are isolating themselves from their own family to fight against these threats. but the result was not that good from the society, because they questioned these people without knowing the truths like “Doctor accused of killing elderly patients to free up beds”. When they put their 100 percent in their service, we are obliged to pay back as respect to these humble ‘gods’ on earth. They deserve much to wage the war of corona. They are Powerful Soldiers of our healthcare!
Mountains- A history (Part-2)- Tectonic plates

Now, before going any further with our mountains, let us first see the various types of interactions possible between our 2 types of tectonic plates- The Oceanic crust and the Continental crust: The 3 basic interactions are converging boundaries, diverging boundaries and transform boundaries.
- Converging- It is defined as the two plates moving towards each other, colliding in the process. Now, there are 3 possibilities-
- Continental-continental collision- Here, two continental landmasses( eg.- The North American plate or the Eurasian plate or collision of Australia, South America and New Zealand (It formed the Great Australian Dividing range)) collide and the two plates fold over one another and lead to the formation of fold mountains. Try using a paper bringing it closer from the opposite ends. The raised structure represents the fold mountains. They have no volcanic activity (though earthquakes are possible). Examples are the Urals, the Atlas, The Rockies, the Alps, the Himalayas
- Oceanic- Oceanic Collision- In these types of collision, the heavier oceanic plate subducts under the lighter oceanic plate(forming trenches- eg. Mariana Trench). Due to subduction, it reaches the area of high pressure and temperature in the mantle and thus melts converting to magma. This magma later rises and when it finds an opening (like the one created by the diverging limbs) in the oceanic crust, it comes out. It, hence, forms oceanic volcanoes, ridges and later volcanic islands like those of Indonesia and the Phillipines.
- Continental Oceanic Collision- When a continental and an oceanic plate collide, it leads to the formation of either fold mountains(Rockies) or trenches(Philippines Trench) or both(Andes and the Peru- Chile Trench).
- Diverging- When two plates or landmasses move away from each other ,in the opposite directions, it is known as diverging. Even here, there are 2 possibilities-
- Continental continental diversion- When two continental plates move away from each other, it leads to the formation of rift valleys and plateaus. Examples are- The east African rift valley (formed due to the drifting apart of Arabian peninsular plate from African plate- they were connected millions of years ago).
- Oceanic oceanic diversion- It occurs when two oceanic plates move away from each other, creating a ridge in its wake. The Atlantic ocean is divides by a ridge known as the Mid oceanic ridge (named so because it passes through the middle of Atlantic ocean). Here, the plate boundaries of Africa, Eurasia, North America , South America diverge from each other. The Pacific and the Indian ocean are the other two oceans that have ridges.
- Transform – When one tectonic plate moves past another, it forms transform plate boundary. These plate movements most commonly produce earthquakes as during movements the plates experience friction and intermolecular force of attraction due to which one plate might find itself bounded to another plate. Then, when the plates move past one another it requires a lot of energy and produces heat and waves. Example- the boundary between Pacific plate and North American plate in Western California.
Now, that we know about tectonic plates, studying the formation of mountains becomes a lot easier. Stay tuned for the 3rd part where we will look into the formation of various mountains and the tectonic plates and movements involved . Till then, take care (a smiley emoji).
Mountains- A history (Part-2)- Tectonic plates

Now, before going any further with our mountains, let us first see the various types of interactions possible between our 2 types of tectonic plates- The Oceanic crust and the Continental crust: The 3 basic interactions are converging boundaries, diverging boundaries and transform boundaries.
- Converging- It is defined as the two plates moving towards each other, colliding in the process. Now, there are 3 possibilities-
- Continental-continental collision- Here, two continental landmasses( eg.- The North American plate or the Eurasian plate or collision of Australia, South America and New Zealand (It formed the Great Australian Dividing range)) collide and the two plates fold over one another and lead to the formation of fold mountains. Try using a paper bringing it closer from the opposite ends. The raised structure represents the fold mountains. They have no volcanic activity (though earthquakes are possible). Examples are the Urals, the Atlas, The Rockies, the Alps, the Himalayas
- Oceanic- Oceanic Collision- In these types of collision, the heavier oceanic plate subducts under the lighter oceanic plate(forming trenches- eg. Mariana Trench). Due to subduction, it reaches the area of high pressure and temperature in the mantle and thus melts converting to magma. This magma later rises and when it finds an opening (like the one created by the diverging limbs) in the oceanic crust, it comes out. It, hence, forms oceanic volcanoes, ridges and later volcanic islands like those of Indonesia and the Phillipines.
- Continental Oceanic Collision- When a continental and an oceanic plate collide, it leads to the formation of either fold mountains(Rockies) or trenches(Philippines Trench) or both(Andes and the Peru- Chile Trench).
- Diverging- When two plates or landmasses move away from each other ,in the opposite directions, it is known as diverging. Even here, there are 2 possibilities-
- Continental continental diversion- When two continental plates move away from each other, it leads to the formation of rift valleys and plateaus. Examples are- The east African rift valley (formed due to the drifting apart of Arabian peninsular plate from African plate- they were connected millions of years ago).
- Oceanic oceanic diversion- It occurs when two oceanic plates move away from each other, creating a ridge in its wake. The Atlantic ocean is divides by a ridge known as the Mid oceanic ridge (named so because it passes through the middle of Atlantic ocean). Here, the plate boundaries of Africa, Eurasia, North America , South America diverge from each other. The Pacific and the Indian ocean are the other two oceans that have ridges.
- Transform – When one tectonic plate moves past another, it forms transform plate boundary. These plate movements most commonly produce earthquakes as during movements the plates experience friction and intermolecular force of attraction due to which one plate might find itself bounded to another plate. Then, when the plates move past one another it requires a lot of energy and produces heat and waves. Example- the boundary between Pacific plate and North American plate in Western California.
Now, that we know about tectonic plates, studying the formation of mountains becomes a lot easier. Stay tuned for the 3rd part where we will look into the formation of various mountains and the tectonic plates and movements involved . Till then, take care (a smiley emoji).
BIT COIN CASH:
WHAT IS BIT COIN CASH?
Bit coin cash is a crypto currency, from a fork of Bit coin that was created in August 2017. Bit coin cash was created to accommodate a larger block size compared to Bit coin, allowing more transactions into a single block.

Later in November 2017 it split into 2 crypto currency
- Bit coin Cash ABC and
- Bit coin Cash SV (Satoshi Vision)
Despite their philosophical differences, both Bit coin and Bit coin cash share several similarities.
1 BITCOIN CASH = 36683.18 INDIAN RUPEE
HISTORY OF BIT COIN TO BIT COIN CASH:
Bit coin was meant to be a peer-to-peer crypto currency that was used for daily transactions. But over the years it became an investment vehicle instead of a currency. Its block chain witnessed scalability issues because it could not handle the increased number of transactions. The confirmation time and fees for a transaction was urged. It’s due to 1MB block size limitation for bit coin which results in queued transactions.
As a remedy to this situation Bit coin cash was proposed by increasing the size of blocks to between 8 MB and 32 MB, thereby enabling more transactions per block. “Bitcoin cash is the version of bitcoin that implemented an increase in the transaction capacity,”
DIFFERENCE IN BIT COIN AND BIT COIN CASH:
- Unlike bit coin, bit coin cash uses a separate hash algorithm which eliminates the possibility of a replay between the two block chains.
- Bit coin is difficult to beat in terms of price when compared to bit coin cash.
- Bit coin cash is well ahead of bit coin in terms of transaction speed.
- Bit coin cash has lower transaction cost than Bit coin.

BIT COIN CASH IN INDIA:
Binance is one of the world’s largest and best known crypto currency exchanges. As an Indian trader, one can buy Bit coin cash on binance.
As per reports, Bit coin cash worth will rise to $2000 by the year 2025.Supply of Bit coin is limited to 21 million.
IS IT A GOOD INVESTMENT?
Investing in bit coin is like a roller coaster ride. Bit coin Cash offers the potential for otherworldly profit but at the same time it has high risks and crazy price swings.
CRYPTO CRASH:
According to Visual Capitalist, Bit coin has crashed 80% or more three different times since 2012. Therefore today’s crypto crash is nothing new. No one knows the future, so no one can say whether Bit coin is going up or down in the near term. However, it is good to say the odds are high that the price of Bit coin will be higher following the next halving event, which is expected in 2024.

TRADING OVERVIEW:
| Exchange | Pair | Price |
| Binance | BCH/TUSD | $ 447.04 |
| Kucoin | BCH/USDC | $ 445.73 |
| Huobi Global | BCH/USDT | $ 448.22 |
| UPbit | BCH/KRW | $ 462.65 |
BIT COIN CASH PRICE CHART:
| 24 Hour High | 24 Hour High | Market Capitalization |
| 476.98 USD | 444.80 USD | 8,632,223,279.93 USD |
CONCLUSION:
If Bitcoin’s history teaches us anything, it’s to expect the unexpected. If Bit coin’s history teaches us anything, it’s to expect the unexpected. If you’re willing to hold a small position for the long term, then it is recommended to buy some Bit coin. But one mustn’t buy today hoping to get rich tomorrow.



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