Day: July 28, 2021

World Hepatitis Day 2021

Introduction

Every year on July 28th, World Hepatitis Day is observed. The goal is to raise awareness about viral hepatitis. Hepatitis is a medical condition in which the liver is in an inflammatory condition. The theme for this year is “Hepatitis Can’t Wait”, magnifying the urgency of putting efforts to eliminate hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.

History

July 28th was chosen as the date for World Hepatitis Day because it is the birthday of Nobel-prize-winning scientist Dr. Baruch Blumberg, the scientist who discovered the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and also developed a diagnostic test and vaccine for the same virus.

Dr. Baruch Samuel Blumberg was born on July 28, 1925, and died on April 5, 2011. He was an American physician, geneticist, and co-recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Daniel Carleton Gajdusek. He was president of the American Philosophical Society from 2005 to his death. He served as a U.S. Navy deck officer during World War 2. He received his MD in 1951 from Columbia University and his D. Phil in 1957 from the University of Oxford. While studying yellow jaundice in 1964, he discovered a surface antigen for hepatitis B in the blood of an Australian aborigine, which is the reason it was initially called “Australian antigen”.

About Hepatitis

It is referred to as an inflammatory condition of the liver. It is usually caused by a viral infection but it can also be caused by other things. It can include autoimmune hepatitis and also hepatitis which can occur because of medication, drugs, toxins, and alcohol. There are five types of hepatitis based on different viruses. 

Hepatitis A is caused by an infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV), this is mostly transmitted by consuming food or water which is contaminated by feces from a person infected by HAV. 

Hepatitis B is transmitted through contact with infectious body fluids like blood, vaginal secretions, or semen. It can be transmitted by injection drug use, having sex with an infected partner, or sharing razors with an infected person. 

Hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It can also be transmitted through direct contact with infected body fluids, especially through used injections and sexual contact. 

Hepatitis D is also known as delta hepatitis, it causes a serious liver disease by hepatitis D virus (HDV). It is caused by coming in direct contact with infected blood, it is rare as it only occurs with hepatitis B because it cannot multiply without the presence of hepatitis B. 

Hepatitis E is waterborne and is caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV), it can usually be found in areas with poor sanitation and from ingesting fecal matter that has contaminated the water supply. 

Facts and Figures

  • 1,100,000 deaths per year are caused by Hepatitis B and C.
  • 9,400,000 people are receiving treatment for chronic HCV.
  • 10% of people with chronic HBV are diagnosed and 22% of those receive treatment.
  • 42% of children have access to the birth dose of HBV vaccine.
  • According to WHO, 325 million people around the world have HBV or HCV.
  • Hepatitis isn’t just an STD, there are other ways of getting it as well.

Conclusion

With the figures of infection and death around the world, it is clear that we can’t just sit and wait around for them to decrease. It is important to make people aware of it, teach them the way to avoid it, and reach a stage where the vaccine can be provided to everyone. As common citizens, we can’t help in the production and reach of the vaccine but we can help in raising awareness and taking steps towards sanitation.

References

World Hepatitis Day 2021

Introduction

Every year on July 28th, World Hepatitis Day is observed. The goal is to raise awareness about viral hepatitis. Hepatitis is a medical condition in which the liver is in an inflammatory condition. The theme for this year is “Hepatitis Can’t Wait”, magnifying the urgency of putting efforts to eliminate hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.

History

July 28th was chosen as the date for World Hepatitis Day because it is the birthday of Nobel-prize-winning scientist Dr. Baruch Blumberg, the scientist who discovered the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and also developed a diagnostic test and vaccine for the same virus.

Dr. Baruch Samuel Blumberg was born on July 28, 1925, and died on April 5, 2011. He was an American physician, geneticist, and co-recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Daniel Carleton Gajdusek. He was president of the American Philosophical Society from 2005 to his death. He served as a U.S. Navy deck officer during World War 2. He received his MD in 1951 from Columbia University and his D. Phil in 1957 from the University of Oxford. While studying yellow jaundice in 1964, he discovered a surface antigen for hepatitis B in the blood of an Australian aborigine, which is the reason it was initially called “Australian antigen”.

About Hepatitis

It is referred to as an inflammatory condition of the liver. It is usually caused by a viral infection but it can also be caused by other things. It can include autoimmune hepatitis and also hepatitis which can occur because of medication, drugs, toxins, and alcohol. There are five types of hepatitis based on different viruses. 

Hepatitis A is caused by an infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV), this is mostly transmitted by consuming food or water which is contaminated by feces from a person infected by HAV. 

Hepatitis B is transmitted through contact with infectious body fluids like blood, vaginal secretions, or semen. It can be transmitted by injection drug use, having sex with an infected partner, or sharing razors with an infected person. 

Hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It can also be transmitted through direct contact with infected body fluids, especially through used injections and sexual contact. 

Hepatitis D is also known as delta hepatitis, it causes a serious liver disease by hepatitis D virus (HDV). It is caused by coming in direct contact with infected blood, it is rare as it only occurs with hepatitis B because it cannot multiply without the presence of hepatitis B. 

Hepatitis E is waterborne and is caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV), it can usually be found in areas with poor sanitation and from ingesting fecal matter that has contaminated the water supply. 

Facts and Figures

  • 1,100,000 deaths per year are caused by Hepatitis B and C.
  • 9,400,000 people are receiving treatment for chronic HCV.
  • 10% of people with chronic HBV are diagnosed and 22% of those receive treatment.
  • 42% of children have access to the birth dose of HBV vaccine.
  • According to WHO, 325 million people around the world have HBV or HCV.
  • Hepatitis isn’t just an STD, there are other ways of getting it as well.

Conclusion

With the figures of infection and death around the world, it is clear that we can’t just sit and wait around for them to decrease. It is important to make people aware of it, teach them the way to avoid it, and reach a stage where the vaccine can be provided to everyone. As common citizens, we can’t help in the production and reach of the vaccine but we can help in raising awareness and taking steps towards sanitation.

References

Promise For The Future: ‘RENEWABLE ENERGY’.

SOLAR POWER:

With energy consumption being the buzzword in developing economies around the world, fears of an energy crisis looming ahead are not totally unfounded. The non-renewable nature of fossil fuels makes complete dependence on these for future energy needs a very dicey affair. Renewable energy sources are the best bet in the scenario. And what can be a better renewable resource than the sun?

In a country like India, if the abundant amount of sunlight available is harnessed properly it could mean an end to the energy crisis. It is the most abundant source of energy. The average global solar radiation is around 5 kilowatt hours (KWH) per square meter per day with the sunshine hours ranging between 2300-4300 per year. India is in the sunny belt of the world. The country receives solar energy equivalent to more than 5000 trillion KWH per year, which is far more than its total annual energy consumption.

Besides, it is a renewable and clean energy source. Taking both environmental and economic cost, solar energy works cheaper than fossil fuel resources. Once we master techniques to harness solar energy, it can be a vital source of power on all planets. Solar energy could be a viable source of power generation for the next 1000 crore years. There are many technologies available for conversion of solar energy into solar power. For instance, solar photovoltaic (SPV) technology, photo galvanic cells, solar steam generators (solar concentrating power), solar tower or solar chimney, radio micrometers and thermopile are some of them.

ELECTRIC MOTORS:

Imagining a future where clean air is no longer a dream and our cities are not smog filled concrete jungles, could well become a reality in the coming years if the world begins to increasingly adopt the use of cleaner options like alternate-fuel vehicles . The rise in economic activity and the burgeoning population have led to a tremendous demand in the transport sector, especially in urban India. By 2025, India’s urban population is expected to grow five fold to a staggering 200 million while pollution is expected to grow seven times. With this tremendous growth has emerged a very critical issue of keeping air and noise pollution in urban areas under control.

If we can have three lakh electric vehicles (EVs) on the roads by 220 including three wheelers, cars and scooters, we would have reduced pollution by 16 lakh metric tones, saved ? 3700 crores in foreign exchange earnings and substantially reduced healthcare costs. Small electric buses, three wheelers and electric scooters are ideal for city mobility in India but it could take between 5-10 years before they become viable for commercial use.

Image Source – google.

The electric vehicle uses electric energy which is stored in batteries that feed the electric motor. Driving an electric vehicle is easier and more relaxing than a traditional one because it has no speed-gear and functioning noise. It is enough to turn the key and press the acceleration pedal; you need only two driving pedals- accelerator and brake.

The need to reduce air pollution along with the availability of new advanced clean alternative to internal batteries have allowed EVs to reappear as a combustion vehicles. Electric drive systems are virtually non-polluting and extremely energy efficient. While internal combustion vehicles can convert about 20% of the chemical energy in gasoline into useful work, 75% or more of the energy from a battery has productive power in an electric vehicle.

Electric motors can also provide power at almost any engine speed. While internal combustion engines must be revved up to high rpm to achieve maximum power electric motors provide nearly peak power even at low speeds. this gives electric vehicles strong acceleration performance from a stop.

The emergence of newer batteries has driven the cost and performance EVs. There are several major types of automotive batteries available and under development, from advanced lead acid batteries like those that start our internal combustion engines to lithium polymer bateries. Although recharging could be a consideration, home recharging systems are available giving EVs an added advantage.

Apart from being environment-and -user friendly, there are several other reasons for alternate fuel cars to flourish in India. Firstly, electricity for EVs can be produced from various sources for which India has natural resources and does not need to depend on the import of oil. Although EVs will not replace LPG, CNG or petrol and diesel for intercity use, the infrastructure required for EVs in the form of electricity distribution infrastructure is already available in all our cities and minimum costs are required to install additional capacity.

EVs are zero polluting, easy to handle and have low maintenance costs. EVs will not degrade with time and they are always zero polluting unlike conventional vehicles where the pollution increases with engine degradation, poor maintenance and adulterated fuel.. India also has the maximum market potential for EVs owing to an established auto component infrastructure, low manufacturing and R&D cost, mechanical hardware availability, high urban congestion and the presence of domestic market. The industry could significantly gain from rising exports by 2010, and with appropriate government support, could transform the landscape of urban India by reducing pollution, improving public health, creating employment opportunities and impacting society.

In order to do that, a holistic approach involving the government, public and auto majors is needed to promote EVs in India. Appropriate government policies during the next five years and adequate support from business houses and institutions. for instance, purchasing a fixed percentage of vehicles for their fleets and offering subsidies and tax exemptions, will go a long in promoting the industry in India. Finally, people have to become more informed about these technologies. The media must play its role in educating the public about alternate fuel vehicles and their advantages.

Promise For The Future: 'RENEWABLE ENERGY'.

SOLAR POWER:

With energy consumption being the buzzword in developing economies around the world, fears of an energy crisis looming ahead are not totally unfounded. The non-renewable nature of fossil fuels makes complete dependence on these for future energy needs a very dicey affair. Renewable energy sources are the best bet in the scenario. And what can be a better renewable resource than the sun?

In a country like India, if the abundant amount of sunlight available is harnessed properly it could mean an end to the energy crisis. It is the most abundant source of energy. The average global solar radiation is around 5 kilowatt hours (KWH) per square meter per day with the sunshine hours ranging between 2300-4300 per year. India is in the sunny belt of the world. The country receives solar energy equivalent to more than 5000 trillion KWH per year, which is far more than its total annual energy consumption.

Besides, it is a renewable and clean energy source. Taking both environmental and economic cost, solar energy works cheaper than fossil fuel resources. Once we master techniques to harness solar energy, it can be a vital source of power on all planets. Solar energy could be a viable source of power generation for the next 1000 crore years. There are many technologies available for conversion of solar energy into solar power. For instance, solar photovoltaic (SPV) technology, photo galvanic cells, solar steam generators (solar concentrating power), solar tower or solar chimney, radio micrometers and thermopile are some of them.

ELECTRIC MOTORS:

Imagining a future where clean air is no longer a dream and our cities are not smog filled concrete jungles, could well become a reality in the coming years if the world begins to increasingly adopt the use of cleaner options like alternate-fuel vehicles . The rise in economic activity and the burgeoning population have led to a tremendous demand in the transport sector, especially in urban India. By 2025, India’s urban population is expected to grow five fold to a staggering 200 million while pollution is expected to grow seven times. With this tremendous growth has emerged a very critical issue of keeping air and noise pollution in urban areas under control.

If we can have three lakh electric vehicles (EVs) on the roads by 220 including three wheelers, cars and scooters, we would have reduced pollution by 16 lakh metric tones, saved ? 3700 crores in foreign exchange earnings and substantially reduced healthcare costs. Small electric buses, three wheelers and electric scooters are ideal for city mobility in India but it could take between 5-10 years before they become viable for commercial use.

Image Source – google.

The electric vehicle uses electric energy which is stored in batteries that feed the electric motor. Driving an electric vehicle is easier and more relaxing than a traditional one because it has no speed-gear and functioning noise. It is enough to turn the key and press the acceleration pedal; you need only two driving pedals- accelerator and brake.

The need to reduce air pollution along with the availability of new advanced clean alternative to internal batteries have allowed EVs to reappear as a combustion vehicles. Electric drive systems are virtually non-polluting and extremely energy efficient. While internal combustion vehicles can convert about 20% of the chemical energy in gasoline into useful work, 75% or more of the energy from a battery has productive power in an electric vehicle.

Electric motors can also provide power at almost any engine speed. While internal combustion engines must be revved up to high rpm to achieve maximum power electric motors provide nearly peak power even at low speeds. this gives electric vehicles strong acceleration performance from a stop.

The emergence of newer batteries has driven the cost and performance EVs. There are several major types of automotive batteries available and under development, from advanced lead acid batteries like those that start our internal combustion engines to lithium polymer bateries. Although recharging could be a consideration, home recharging systems are available giving EVs an added advantage.

Apart from being environment-and -user friendly, there are several other reasons for alternate fuel cars to flourish in India. Firstly, electricity for EVs can be produced from various sources for which India has natural resources and does not need to depend on the import of oil. Although EVs will not replace LPG, CNG or petrol and diesel for intercity use, the infrastructure required for EVs in the form of electricity distribution infrastructure is already available in all our cities and minimum costs are required to install additional capacity.

EVs are zero polluting, easy to handle and have low maintenance costs. EVs will not degrade with time and they are always zero polluting unlike conventional vehicles where the pollution increases with engine degradation, poor maintenance and adulterated fuel.. India also has the maximum market potential for EVs owing to an established auto component infrastructure, low manufacturing and R&D cost, mechanical hardware availability, high urban congestion and the presence of domestic market. The industry could significantly gain from rising exports by 2010, and with appropriate government support, could transform the landscape of urban India by reducing pollution, improving public health, creating employment opportunities and impacting society.

In order to do that, a holistic approach involving the government, public and auto majors is needed to promote EVs in India. Appropriate government policies during the next five years and adequate support from business houses and institutions. for instance, purchasing a fixed percentage of vehicles for their fleets and offering subsidies and tax exemptions, will go a long in promoting the industry in India. Finally, people have to become more informed about these technologies. The media must play its role in educating the public about alternate fuel vehicles and their advantages.

INDIA OVER CHINA IN 2024 , IN OVERPOPULATION

Whether you are in a metro station, airport, railway station, road, highway, bus stop, hospital, shopping mall, market, temple, or even in a social/ religious gathering, we see all these places are overcrowded at any time of the day. This is a clear indication of overpopulation in the country. This is the major issue of , India is facing right now. Food production is limited & population is unlimited , we can say wants are unlimited & resources are limited & population is unlimited hence can be concluded that the reason behind poverty in India is over population.

Some of the common effects of overpopulation are :

  1. Unemployment : Every body knows India’s state of employment , employment rate is decreasing & unemployment rate is increasing . Since their is no employment people are starving , their is no living , literacy rate is also decreasing . This one problem of over population is bringing so many more problems with it .
  2. Manpower utilization: The number of jobless people is on the rise in India due to economic depression and slow business development and expansion activities.
  3. Pressure on infrastructure: Development of infrastructural facilities is unfortunately not keeping pace with the growth of population. The result is lack of transportation, communication, housing, education, healthcare etc. There has been an increase in the number of slums, overcrowded houses, traffic congestion etc.
  4. Resource utilization: resource are already scare , & they are being exploited . Land areas , water , trees are being exploited due to overpopulation .
  5. Inequitable income distribution: In the face of an increasing population, there is an unequal distribution of income and inequalities within the country widen.

STEPS TO CONTROL OVER POPULATION

Indian government should take bold steps to control overpopulation because if they want to improve economic growth they should control overpopulation . Major steps which have been already implemented but still need to be emphasized more control population. Increasing the welfare and status of women and girls, spread of education, increasing awareness for the use of contraceptives and family planning methods, sex education, encouraging male sterilization and spacing births, free distribution of contraceptives and condoms among the poor, encouraging female empowerment, more health care centers for the poor, to name a few, can play a major role in controlling the population. India’s growth in the whole world cannot be ignored , whether it is in science & technology , medicine , health , communication , entertainment , literature or military . So experts believe that if people of India will follow the strict population control norms , it will be able to overcome this problem too .

INDIA OVER CHINA IN 2024 , IN OVERPOPULATION

Whether you are in a metro station, airport, railway station, road, highway, bus stop, hospital, shopping mall, market, temple, or even in a social/ religious gathering, we see all these places are overcrowded at any time of the day. This is a clear indication of overpopulation in the country. This is the major issue of , India is facing right now. Food production is limited & population is unlimited , we can say wants are unlimited & resources are limited & population is unlimited hence can be concluded that the reason behind poverty in India is over population.

Some of the common effects of overpopulation are :

  1. Unemployment : Every body knows India’s state of employment , employment rate is decreasing & unemployment rate is increasing . Since their is no employment people are starving , their is no living , literacy rate is also decreasing . This one problem of over population is bringing so many more problems with it .
  2. Manpower utilization: The number of jobless people is on the rise in India due to economic depression and slow business development and expansion activities.
  3. Pressure on infrastructure: Development of infrastructural facilities is unfortunately not keeping pace with the growth of population. The result is lack of transportation, communication, housing, education, healthcare etc. There has been an increase in the number of slums, overcrowded houses, traffic congestion etc.
  4. Resource utilization: resource are already scare , & they are being exploited . Land areas , water , trees are being exploited due to overpopulation .
  5. Inequitable income distribution: In the face of an increasing population, there is an unequal distribution of income and inequalities within the country widen.

STEPS TO CONTROL OVER POPULATION

Indian government should take bold steps to control overpopulation because if they want to improve economic growth they should control overpopulation . Major steps which have been already implemented but still need to be emphasized more control population. Increasing the welfare and status of women and girls, spread of education, increasing awareness for the use of contraceptives and family planning methods, sex education, encouraging male sterilization and spacing births, free distribution of contraceptives and condoms among the poor, encouraging female empowerment, more health care centers for the poor, to name a few, can play a major role in controlling the population. India’s growth in the whole world cannot be ignored , whether it is in science & technology , medicine , health , communication , entertainment , literature or military . So experts believe that if people of India will follow the strict population control norms , it will be able to overcome this problem too .

Diwali

First of all, understand that India is the land of festivals. However, none of the festivals comes close to Diwali. It is certainly one of the biggest  It is probably the brightest festival in the world. People of different religions celebrate Diwali. Most noteworthy, the festival signifies the victory of light over darkness. This also means the triumph of good over evil and knowledge over ignorance. It is known as the festival of lights. Consequently, there are bright lights all over the whole country during Diwali. In this essay on Diwali, we will see the religious and spiritual significance of Diwali.

The Religious Significance of Diwali

The religious significance of this festival has differences. It varies from one region to another in India. There is an association of many deities, cultures, and traditions with Diwali. The reason for these differences is probably local harvest festivals. Hence, there was a fusion of these harvest festivals into one pan-Hindu festival.

According to the Ramayana, Diwali is the day of the return of Rama. This day Lord Rama returned to Ayodhya along with his wife Sita. This return was made after Rama defeated demon King Ravana. Furthermore, Rama’s brother Lakshmana and Hanuman also came back to Ayodhya victorious.

There is another popular tradition for the reason of Diwali. Here Lord Vishnu as an incarnation of Krishna killed Narakasura. Narakasura was certainly a demon. Above all, this victory brought the release of 16000 captive girls.

Furthermore, this victory shows the triumph of good over evil. This is due to Lord Krishna being good and Narakasura being evil.

Association of Diwali to Goddess Lakshmi is the belief of many Hindus. Lakshmi is the wife of Lord Vishnu. She also happens to be the Goddess of wealth and prosperity.

According to a legend, Diwali is the night of Lakshmi wedding. This night she chose and wed Vishnu. Eastern India Hindus associate Diwali with Goddess Durga or kali. Some Hindus believe Diwali to be the start of a new year.

Diwali

First of all, understand that India is the land of festivals. However, none of the festivals comes close to Diwali. It is certainly one of the biggest  It is probably the brightest festival in the world. People of different religions celebrate Diwali. Most noteworthy, the festival signifies the victory of light over darkness. This also means the triumph of good over evil and knowledge over ignorance. It is known as the festival of lights. Consequently, there are bright lights all over the whole country during Diwali. In this essay on Diwali, we will see the religious and spiritual significance of Diwali.

The Religious Significance of Diwali

The religious significance of this festival has differences. It varies from one region to another in India. There is an association of many deities, cultures, and traditions with Diwali. The reason for these differences is probably local harvest festivals. Hence, there was a fusion of these harvest festivals into one pan-Hindu festival.

According to the Ramayana, Diwali is the day of the return of Rama. This day Lord Rama returned to Ayodhya along with his wife Sita. This return was made after Rama defeated demon King Ravana. Furthermore, Rama’s brother Lakshmana and Hanuman also came back to Ayodhya victorious.

There is another popular tradition for the reason of Diwali. Here Lord Vishnu as an incarnation of Krishna killed Narakasura. Narakasura was certainly a demon. Above all, this victory brought the release of 16000 captive girls.

Furthermore, this victory shows the triumph of good over evil. This is due to Lord Krishna being good and Narakasura being evil.

Association of Diwali to Goddess Lakshmi is the belief of many Hindus. Lakshmi is the wife of Lord Vishnu. She also happens to be the Goddess of wealth and prosperity.

According to a legend, Diwali is the night of Lakshmi wedding. This night she chose and wed Vishnu. Eastern India Hindus associate Diwali with Goddess Durga or kali. Some Hindus believe Diwali to be the start of a new year.

School vs Workspace

Our children must learn how to acquire knowledge that can be applied across domains and situations.

Photo by samer daboul on Pexels.com

Traditionally, schools and colleges have been cloistered enrollments where students only acquire knowledge. They then move to the next stage of their lives – into work places – where they may or may not apply the knowlege they have.

This separation has ensured that young people who join the work force have no idea about the exigencies of the work environment and are completely unprepared to deal with this situation.

However, future workplaces are likely to be far removes from conventional or current experiences.

In fact, it is estimated that most of tomorrow’s workforce may be contractual. In fact, already many large organizations are tapping into on-demand talent of the gig economy.

Increasingly, these new economy workers will be required to rely on their own knowledge and the skills to provide services and produce products that solve businesses’ and society’s pressing problems.

Photo by Burst on Pexels.com

Our children, therefore, must learn how to acquire relevant knowledge that can be applied in different domains and circumstances. They must discover the joy learning so that they can become learners for life as well as independent learners, capable of handling uncertainty with flexibility.

Schools must therefore re-engineer their systems, curricular and pedagogies to ensure that students have agency over their own learning and lives and learn to learn, unlearn and re-learn with agility.

Schools, therefore, must teach children to be entrepreneurs, expose them to real life work and social environments through projects and experiences so that they know how to tackle challenges that lie ahead and are capable of solving problems independently.

Reference

http://www.timesofindia.com

http://www.wilipedia.com

http://www.hindustantimes.com

School vs Workspace

Our children must learn how to acquire knowledge that can be applied across domains and situations.

Photo by samer daboul on Pexels.com

Traditionally, schools and colleges have been cloistered enrollments where students only acquire knowledge. They then move to the next stage of their lives – into work places – where they may or may not apply the knowlege they have.

This separation has ensured that young people who join the work force have no idea about the exigencies of the work environment and are completely unprepared to deal with this situation.

However, future workplaces are likely to be far removes from conventional or current experiences.

In fact, it is estimated that most of tomorrow’s workforce may be contractual. In fact, already many large organizations are tapping into on-demand talent of the gig economy.

Increasingly, these new economy workers will be required to rely on their own knowledge and the skills to provide services and produce products that solve businesses’ and society’s pressing problems.

Photo by Burst on Pexels.com

Our children, therefore, must learn how to acquire relevant knowledge that can be applied in different domains and circumstances. They must discover the joy learning so that they can become learners for life as well as independent learners, capable of handling uncertainty with flexibility.

Schools must therefore re-engineer their systems, curricular and pedagogies to ensure that students have agency over their own learning and lives and learn to learn, unlearn and re-learn with agility.

Schools, therefore, must teach children to be entrepreneurs, expose them to real life work and social environments through projects and experiences so that they know how to tackle challenges that lie ahead and are capable of solving problems independently.

Reference

http://www.timesofindia.com

http://www.wilipedia.com

http://www.hindustantimes.com

4 K-Pop Group Famous in the World

Everyone  have heard about K-Pop culture .It’s origin is South Korea . K-Pop means Korean Pop Culture . A group of young girls & boys are trained & become professional in dancing & singing .They then together release song videos with their amazing hip-hop dance .This K-Pop culture is now very famous  all around the world . These K-Pop bands are internationally very acknowledged .Let’s talk about some of them —–

1. BTS : It is the most internationally famous K-Pop band .It is a 7 boys band group .The other name of BTS is Bangtan Boys .Their formation time is 2010 & they first debuted in 2013 .They work under Big Hit Entertainment company of South Korea .Name of the & boys are – V or, Kim Tea-hyung (He is a vocals ) ,Jeon Jungkook (He is the main vocals) , Park Ji-min (he is the lead vocalist) , Kim Seok-jin (he is a vocals) , Suga or ,Min Yoon-gi (he is a rapper) , RM or, Kim Nam-joon (he is also a rapper) , J-Hope or, Jung Ho-seok ( he is also a rapper) . Their fandom circle is called BTS Army . They have achieve numerous awards ,recognition , credits for their works from all around the world . Their song Dynamite had nominated for Grammy award . Some of their album are — Youth ,Wake up ,Love yourself , The most beautiful moment in life  and many others .

BTS

2. Blackpink : It is one of the most internationally recognized girl K-Pop band group in Korea .There are 4 girls in this Group .Their name are  — Jennie or, Kim Jennie (she is the lead vocalist 7 also a rapper) , Lisa or, Lalisa Manoban (She is the main dancer) ,Rose or, Park Roseanne  (she is the main vocals) , Jisoo or, Kim Ji-soo (she is the lead vocalist) . They work under YG Entertainment in Korea .They first debuted in the August of the year of 2016 . They have also got many awards . Some of their album are  – Kill this love , square up  and many more .

BLACKPINK

3. EXO : It is also one of the famous boys band of Korea which is globally recognizes .It works under SM Entertainment . Their group was formed in 2011 & they first debuted in 2012 . At first they were a 12 members group including 4 chinese members .But after 2016, 3 chinese members (Kris ,Luhan ,Tao) have left the group & now they are a & membered boys group .Name of these 9 members —  Kai or, Kim Jong-in (he is vocals & a very good dancer) , D.O. or, Doh Kyung-soo (he is the main vocals & also an actor) ,Beakhyun or, Byun Baek-hyun (He is the main vocals & an actor) , Chanyeol or, Park Chan-yeol (he is a vocals) ,Sehun or, Oh Se-hun (he is the main rapper) ,Chen or, Kim Jong-dae (he is the main vocals) ,Suho or, Kim Jun-myeon (he is the group leader &  the lead vocalist) ,Lay or, Zhang Lay (he is a vocal & a Chinese actor) ,Xiumin or, Kim Min-seok (he is a lead vocalist) .They also got numerous awards .Some of their album are – Wolf ,Love shot ,XOXO ,Exodus ,Tempo ,Obsession & many others .Currently some of the members are serving in Military (like Suho ,Beckhyun ,Chanyeol) , D.O. & Xiumin had already finished their military training & remaining members will be enlisted in future .

EXO (Except Lay)(All Korean members)
EXO (Current 9 members)
EXO (Total 12 members in the past )

4. TWICE : It is also a very famous girls group in Korea .This group works under JYP Entertainment .They debuted in the year of 2015  .They are 9 girls member . Their name – Sana (She is a vocals) ,Tzuyu ,Momo (she is the main dancer) ,Nayeon (she is the vocals) ,Jeongyeon (she is the lead vocalist) ,Mina (she is the vocals) ,Jihyo (she is the main vocals) ,Dahyun (she is the main rapper) ,Chaeyoung (she is the main rapper) . They also have got many awards .Some of their album are — Perfect World , Merry & Happy ,Taste of Love ,What is love and many more .

TWICE
TWICE

4 K-Pop Group Famous in the World

Everyone  have heard about K-Pop culture .It’s origin is South Korea . K-Pop means Korean Pop Culture . A group of young girls & boys are trained & become professional in dancing & singing .They then together release song videos with their amazing hip-hop dance .This K-Pop culture is now very famous  all around the world . These K-Pop bands are internationally very acknowledged .Let’s talk about some of them —–

1. BTS : It is the most internationally famous K-Pop band .It is a 7 boys band group .The other name of BTS is Bangtan Boys .Their formation time is 2010 & they first debuted in 2013 .They work under Big Hit Entertainment company of South Korea .Name of the & boys are – V or, Kim Tea-hyung (He is a vocals ) ,Jeon Jungkook (He is the main vocals) , Park Ji-min (he is the lead vocalist) , Kim Seok-jin (he is a vocals) , Suga or ,Min Yoon-gi (he is a rapper) , RM or, Kim Nam-joon (he is also a rapper) , J-Hope or, Jung Ho-seok ( he is also a rapper) . Their fandom circle is called BTS Army . They have achieve numerous awards ,recognition , credits for their works from all around the world . Their song Dynamite had nominated for Grammy award . Some of their album are — Youth ,Wake up ,Love yourself , The most beautiful moment in life  and many others .

BTS

2. Blackpink : It is one of the most internationally recognized girl K-Pop band group in Korea .There are 4 girls in this Group .Their name are  — Jennie or, Kim Jennie (she is the lead vocalist 7 also a rapper) , Lisa or, Lalisa Manoban (She is the main dancer) ,Rose or, Park Roseanne  (she is the main vocals) , Jisoo or, Kim Ji-soo (she is the lead vocalist) . They work under YG Entertainment in Korea .They first debuted in the August of the year of 2016 . They have also got many awards . Some of their album are  – Kill this love , square up  and many more .

BLACKPINK

3. EXO : It is also one of the famous boys band of Korea which is globally recognizes .It works under SM Entertainment . Their group was formed in 2011 & they first debuted in 2012 . At first they were a 12 members group including 4 chinese members .But after 2016, 3 chinese members (Kris ,Luhan ,Tao) have left the group & now they are a & membered boys group .Name of these 9 members —  Kai or, Kim Jong-in (he is vocals & a very good dancer) , D.O. or, Doh Kyung-soo (he is the main vocals & also an actor) ,Beakhyun or, Byun Baek-hyun (He is the main vocals & an actor) , Chanyeol or, Park Chan-yeol (he is a vocals) ,Sehun or, Oh Se-hun (he is the main rapper) ,Chen or, Kim Jong-dae (he is the main vocals) ,Suho or, Kim Jun-myeon (he is the group leader &  the lead vocalist) ,Lay or, Zhang Lay (he is a vocal & a Chinese actor) ,Xiumin or, Kim Min-seok (he is a lead vocalist) .They also got numerous awards .Some of their album are – Wolf ,Love shot ,XOXO ,Exodus ,Tempo ,Obsession & many others .Currently some of the members are serving in Military (like Suho ,Beckhyun ,Chanyeol) , D.O. & Xiumin had already finished their military training & remaining members will be enlisted in future .

EXO (Except Lay)(All Korean members)
EXO (Current 9 members)
EXO (Total 12 members in the past )

4. TWICE : It is also a very famous girls group in Korea .This group works under JYP Entertainment .They debuted in the year of 2015  .They are 9 girls member . Their name – Sana (She is a vocals) ,Tzuyu ,Momo (she is the main dancer) ,Nayeon (she is the vocals) ,Jeongyeon (she is the lead vocalist) ,Mina (she is the vocals) ,Jihyo (she is the main vocals) ,Dahyun (she is the main rapper) ,Chaeyoung (she is the main rapper) . They also have got many awards .Some of their album are — Perfect World , Merry & Happy ,Taste of Love ,What is love and many more .

TWICE
TWICE

ACCIDENTLY CREATED INVENTIONS

Hello fellas, the following are some of the things that are created accidentally by the creators when they wanted to do something else.

  1. The Microwave Oven :
  • The engineer was doing his job as usual when he noticed that the candy bar in his pocket had melted. 
  • Quickly Spencer realized that it was the magnetrons that were causing this phenomenon. 
  • By 1945, he had filed a patent for his metal cooking box powered by microwaves.

2. Chocolate Chip Cookies :

  • Ruth Graves Wakefield, co-owner of the Toll House Inn, was preparing some chocolate cookies for her guests when she realized that she was out of baker’s chocolate. 
  • Thinking on her feet, Wakefield decided to chop up a block of Nestle semi-sweet chocolate, assuming that it would melt and spread evenly throughout the batter.
  • Instead, what came out of the oven was the very first batch of chocolate chip cookies.

3. Matches:

  • In 1826, chemist John Walker he accidentally scraped a stick coated in chemicals across his hearth and found that it caught fire.
  • Walker’s “Friction Lights,” as he called them, were originally made out of cardboard, but eventually he switched over to using wooden splints and sandpaper.

4. Vaseline:

  • Robert Augustus Chesebrough decided to head to the town where the product had been discovered to play around with it a bit.
  • While there, Chesebrough observed that the men drilling the petroleum would use a byproduct of the process on their skin to soothe and heal cuts and burns.
  • Later, he turned this observation into the product known today as Vaseline.

5. Bubble Wrap:

  • Engineers Alfred Fielding and Marc Chavannes did invent bubble wrap on purpose. But when they made it, the intended use for the product was all wallpaper, not as packing material.
  • when their bubbly wallpaper proved to be unsuccessful the two entrepreneurs decided to pivot and market their product instead as greenhouse insulation and later in 1960 as protective packaging. 

ACCIDENTLY CREATED INVENTIONS

Hello fellas, the following are some of the things that are created accidentally by the creators when they wanted to do something else.

  1. The Microwave Oven :
  • The engineer was doing his job as usual when he noticed that the candy bar in his pocket had melted. 
  • Quickly Spencer realized that it was the magnetrons that were causing this phenomenon. 
  • By 1945, he had filed a patent for his metal cooking box powered by microwaves.

2. Chocolate Chip Cookies :

  • Ruth Graves Wakefield, co-owner of the Toll House Inn, was preparing some chocolate cookies for her guests when she realized that she was out of baker’s chocolate. 
  • Thinking on her feet, Wakefield decided to chop up a block of Nestle semi-sweet chocolate, assuming that it would melt and spread evenly throughout the batter.
  • Instead, what came out of the oven was the very first batch of chocolate chip cookies.

3. Matches:

  • In 1826, chemist John Walker he accidentally scraped a stick coated in chemicals across his hearth and found that it caught fire.
  • Walker’s “Friction Lights,” as he called them, were originally made out of cardboard, but eventually he switched over to using wooden splints and sandpaper.

4. Vaseline:

  • Robert Augustus Chesebrough decided to head to the town where the product had been discovered to play around with it a bit.
  • While there, Chesebrough observed that the men drilling the petroleum would use a byproduct of the process on their skin to soothe and heal cuts and burns.
  • Later, he turned this observation into the product known today as Vaseline.

5. Bubble Wrap:

  • Engineers Alfred Fielding and Marc Chavannes did invent bubble wrap on purpose. But when they made it, the intended use for the product was all wallpaper, not as packing material.
  • when their bubbly wallpaper proved to be unsuccessful the two entrepreneurs decided to pivot and market their product instead as greenhouse insulation and later in 1960 as protective packaging. 

𝑰𝑵𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑵 𝑪𝑼𝑳𝑻𝑼𝑹𝑬

“Strong women, when respected, make the whole society stronger. One must be careful with such rapid changes, though, and make an effort to preserve, at the same time, the positive traditions of Indian culture“.

India is a country that boasts of a rich culture. The culture of India refers to a collection of minor unique cultures. The culture of India comprises of clothing, festivals, languages, religions, music, dance, architecture, food, and art in India. Most noteworthy, Indian culture has been influenced by several foreign cultures throughout its history. Also, the history of India’s culture is several millennia old.

  • First of all, Indian origin religions are Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. All of these religions are based on karma and dharma. Furthermore, these four are called as Indian religions. Indian religions are a major category of world religions along with Abrahamic religions.
  • Also, many foreign religions are present in India as well. These foreign religions include Abrahamic religions. The Abrahamic religions in India certainly are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Besides Abrahamic religions, Zoroastrianism and Bahá’í Faith are the other foreign religions which exist in India. Consequently, the presence of so many diverse religions has given rise to tolerance and secularism in Indian culture.
  • The 🅹︎🅾︎🅸︎🅽︎🆃︎ 🅵︎🅰︎🅼︎🅸︎🅻︎🆈︎ system is the prevailing system of 🄸🄽🄳🄸🄰🄽 🄲🅄🄻🅃🅄🅁🄴. Most noteworthy, the family members consist of parents, children, children’s spouses, and offspring. All of these family members live together. Furthermore, the eldest male member is the head or karta of the family.
  • Arranged marriages are the norm in Indian culture. Probably most Indians have their marriages planned by their parents. In almost all Indian marriages, the bride’s family gives dowry to bridegroom. Weddings are certainly festive occasions in Indian culture. There is involvement of striking decorations, clothing, music, dance, rituals in Indian weddings. Most noteworthy, the divorce rates in India are very low.
  • India celebrates a huge number of festivals. These festivals are very diverse due to multi-religious and multi-cultural Indian society. Indians greatly value festive occasions. Above all, the whole country joins in the celebrations irrespective of the differences.
  • Traditional Indian food, arts, music, sports, clothing, and architecture vary significantly across different regions. These components are influenced by various factors. Above all, these factors are geography, climate, culture, and rural/urban setting.

Perceptions of Indian Culture

Indian culture has been an inspiration to many writers. India is certainly a symbol of unity around the world. Indian culture is certainly very complex. Furthermore, the conception of Indian identity poses certain difficulties. However, despite this, a typical 𝕚𝕟𝕕𝕚𝕒𝕟 𝕔𝕦𝕝𝕥𝕦𝕣𝕖  does exist. The creation of this typical Indian culture results from some internal forces. Above all, these forces are a robust Constitution, universal adult franchise, 𝚜𝚎𝚌𝚞𝚕𝚊𝚛 𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚒𝚌𝚢 flexible federal structure, etc.

Indian culture is characterized by a strict social hierarchy. Furthermore, Indian children are taught their roles and place in society from an early age. Probably, many Indians believe that gods and spirits have a role in determining their life. Earlier, traditional Hindus were divided into polluting and non-polluting occupations. Now, this difference is declining.

culture of India is one of the oldest cultures in the World. Above all, many Indians till stick to the traditional Indian culture in spite of rapid westernization. Indians have demonstrated strong unity irrespective of the diversity among them. Unity in Diversity is the ultimate mantra of Indian culture.