Nation has more than 180 GW installed renewable energy capacity

le purchase obligation (RPO) for the respective electricity distribution utilities (DISCOMs). The Ministry of Power has also issued guidelines on RPO trajectory from time to time.

Further, the Section 14 (x) of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001, as amended by Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022, delegate powers to the Central Government to specify minimum share of consumption of non-fossil resources by designated consumers as energy or feed stock and specify different shares of consumption for different types of non-fossil resources for different designated consumers. The distribution licensees have also been notified as designated consumers under the Energy Conservation Act, 2001.

In terms of Section 14 (x) of the amended Energy Conservation Act, 2001, the Ministry of Power through notification dated 20.10.2023, has specified following minimum share of consumption of renewable energy by the electricity distribution licensees as a percentage of total share of energy consumption, with certain conditions:

S/N	Year	Wind RE	Hydro RE	Distributed RE	Other RE	Total RE
1.	2024-25	0.67%	0.38%	1.50%	27.35%	29.91%
2.	2025-26	1.45%	1.22%	2.10%	28.24%	33.01%
3.	2026-27	1.97%	1.34%	2.70%	29.94%	35.95%
4.	2027-28	2.45%	1.42%	3.30%	31.64%	38.81%
5.	2028-29	2.95%	1.42%	3.90%	33.10%	41.36%
6.	2029-30	3.48%	1.33%	4.50%	34.02%	43.33%

The above notification will come into force on 1st April 2024 and therefore the distribution licensees will have to comply with the specified renewable energy consumption norms w.e.f. FY 2024-25.

All schemes being implemented by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy aim to promote the utilization of renewable energy sources in all regions of the country, including the tribal areas.

The source and state-wise details of the renewable energy capacity installed in the country as on 31.12.2023 are given below.

State-wise installed capacity of Renewable Power as on 31.12.2023
S. No.	STATES / UTs	Small Hydro Power	Wind Power	Bio Power	Solar Power	Large Hydro Power	Total Capacity
		(MW)	(MW)	(MW)	(MW)	(MW)	(MW)
1	Andhra Pradesh	163.31	4096.65	566.39	4565.60	1610.00	11001.95
2	Arunachal Pradesh	133.11		0.00	11.79	1115.00	1259.90
3	Assam	34.11		2.00	155.81	350.00	541.92
4	Bihar	70.70		126.02	223.54		420.26
5	Chhattisgarh	76.00		275.00	1072.24	120.00	1543.24
6	Goa	0.05		1.94	35.76		37.75
7	Gujarat	91.64	11223.82	112.48	10549.07	1990.00	23967.01
8	Haryana	73.50		265.70	1240.47		1579.67
9	Himachal Pradesh	969.71		10.20	111.55	10263.02	11354.48
10	Jammu & Kashmir	161.43		0.00	54.98	3360.00	3576.41
11	Jharkhand	4.05		14.10	121.77	210.00	349.92
12	Karnataka	1280.73	5595.91	1907.72	9412.71	3689.20	21886.27
13	Kerala	270.52	62.50	2.50	859.01	1864.15	3058.68
14	Ladakh	40.99		0.00	7.80	89.00	137.79
15	Madhya Pradesh	123.71	2844.29	134.94	3170.05	2235.00	8507.99
16	Maharashtra	382.28	5157.98	2643.19	5080.28	3047.00	16310.73
17	Manipur	5.45		0.00	13.04	105.00	123.49
18	Meghalaya	55.03		13.80	4.19	322.00	395.02
19	Mizoram	45.47		0.00	30.43	60.00	135.90
20	Nagaland	32.67		0.00	3.17	75.00	110.84
21	Odisha	115.63		59.22	473.03	2154.55	2802.43
22	Punjab	176.10		530.95	1266.55	1096.30	3069.90
23	Rajasthan	23.85	5193.42	125.64	18777.14	411.00	24531.05
24	Sikkim	55.11		0.00	4.69	2282.00	2341.80
25	Tamil Nadu	123.05	10429.27	1043.70	7360.94	2178.20	21135.16
26	Telangana	90.87	128.10	220.37	4712.98	2405.60	7557.92
27	Tripura	16.01		0.00	18.47		34.48
28	Uttar Pradesh	49.10		2221.64	2740.87	501.60	5513.21
29	Uttarakhand	218.82		139.74	575.53	4035.35	4969.44
30	West Bengal	98.50		343.46	194.06	1341.20	1977.22
31	Andaman & Nicobar	5.25		0.00	29.91		35.16
32	Chandigarh			0.00	64.05		64.05
33	Dadar & Nagar Haveli/ Daman & Diu			0.00	46.47		46.47
34	Delhi			84.00	237.29		321.29
35	Lakshadweep			0.00	4.97		4.97
36	Pondicherry			0.00	43.27		43.27
37	Others		4.30	0.00	45.01		49.31
	Total (MW)	4986.75	44736.24	10844.70	73318.49	46910.17	180796.35

The state-wise details of power generation from various renewable energy sources during the current year i.e. 2023-24 (upto Dec 2023) are given below.

State-wise details of power generation from various renewable energy sources during the current year i.e. 2023-24 (up to Dec 2023)

(All fig. in MUs)
Name of State/UT	Wind	Solar	Biomass	Bagasse	Small Hydro	Others	Renewable Energy Total	Large Hydro*	Total RE including Large Hydro
Chandigarh	0.00	9.99	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	9.99	0.00	9.99
Delhi	0.00	154.90	0.00	0.00	0.00	382.05	536.95	0.00	536.95
Haryana	0.00	701.62	218.99	57.46	178.80	44.91	1201.78	0.00	1201.78
HP	0.00	44.94	0.00	0.00	2314.92	0.00	2359.86	32268.80	34628.66
J & K	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	347.34	0.00	347.34	13926.66	14274.00
Ladkh	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	347.39	347.39
Punjab	0.00	2403.38	440.49	83.69	545.28	0.00	3472.84	3875.17	7348.01
Rajasthan	6861.59	28274.90	279.48	0.00	2.56	0.00	35418.53	609.78	36028.31
Uttar Pradesh	0.00	2966.98	24.39	1486.24	126.03	76.69	4680.33	666.83	5347.16
Uttarakhand	0.00	248.85	0.00	186.39	265.05	0.00	700.29	11884.86	12585.15
Chhattisgarh	0.00	622.30	1038.31	8.85	134.17	0.00	1803.63	257.93	2061.56
Gujarat	19804.55	9499.73	0.00	0.74	145.11	0.00	29450.12	3717.09	33167.21
Madhya Pradesh	3946.61	2696.29	64.85	27.28	355.13	19.86	7110.02	5313.27	12423.29
Maharashtra	7121.00	4130.21	228.17	1561.09	684.92	13.92	13739.31	4293.19	18032.50
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	0.00	11.10	9.71	0.00	0.00	0.00	20.81	0.00	20.81
Goa	0.00	45.72	0.00	0.00	0.00	5.92	51.64	0.00	51.64
Andhra Pradesh	7257.52	5990.90	13.38	32.57	95.97	230.68	13621.02	1112.50	14733.52
Telangana	242.92	4988.87	3.88	38.82	50.16	108.33	5432.98	1071.77	6504.75
Karnataka	9216.22	11119.16	44.20	1637.40	1297.11	0.00	23314.08	7262.83	30576.91
Kerala	196.72	840.23	0.00	60.45	612.62	0.03	1710.05	3895.44	5605.49
Tamil Nadu	15177.48	8468.41	95.56	423.43	142.21	0.00	24307.08	2860.98	27168.06
Lakshadweep	0.00	0.07	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.07	0.00	0.07
Puducherry	0.00	9.18	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	9.18	0.00	9.18
Andaman Nicobar	0.00	18.10	0.00	0.00	9.31	0.00	27.41	0.00	27.41
Bihar	0.00	140.65	0.00	72.73	5.51	0.00	218.89	0.00	218.89
Jharkhand	0.00	13.23	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	13.23	179.21	192.44
Orissa	0.00	548.77	73.21	0.00	350.59	0.00	972.57	4897.38	5869.95
Sikkim	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	9.27	0.00	9.27	8492.36	8501.63
West Bengal	0.00	119.30	0.00	0.00	163.65	1157.18	1440.13	2352.76	3792.89
Arunachal Pradesh	0.00	1.59	0.00	0.00	0.52	0.00	2.11	3752.98	3755.09
Assam	0.00	238.47	0.00	0.00	56.58	0.39	295.44	518.52	813.96
Manipur	0.00	5.79	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.23	7.02	248.72	255.74
Meghalaya	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	53.60	0.00	53.60	714.12	767.72
Mizoram	0.00	2.39	0.00	0.00	71.95	0.00	74.34	81.71	156.05
Nagaland	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	72.93	0.00	72.93	155.53	228.46
Tripura	0.00	3.58	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	3.58	0.00	3.58
All India Total	69824.59	84319.58	2534.61	5677.13	8091.27	2041.21	172488.40	114757.78	287246.18
* Large hydro generation Excluding Import from Bhutan

The details of provisions in place for encouraging the installation of Renewable Energy Plants are as follows:

Permitting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) up to 100 percent under the automatic route.
Waiver of Inter State Transmission System (ISTS) charges for inter-state sale of solar and wind power for projects to be commissioned by 30th June 2025.
As per MoEFCC’s provisions of the EIA Notification 2006 Solar PV Power Projects, Wind Power Projects are exempted from Environment Impact Assessment (EIA).
Accelerated Depreciation at the rate of 40% is available on Solar and Wind Power Projects.
Central pollution control board has included Solar Power generation through solar photovoltaic cell plants of all capacities, Wind Power Plants of all capacities and hydel Power Plants upto and including capacity of 25 MW under white category.

GPS-based toll collection

By EduPub Team

Government has appointed a consultant to provide advisory services on implementation of new technologies like Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based barrier less free flow tolling.

It has been decided to Initially implement GNSS based Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) System at selected sections of National Highways on pilot basis as an added facility along with FAS Tag.

National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is encouraging FAS Tag users with incomplete KYC to complete their ‘Know Your Customer’ (KYC) process as per RBI Guidelines.

FAS Tags with incomplete KYC are liable to be blacklisted by Banks beyond 29.02.24. National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) had earlier issued directions to all issuer banks to complete KYC of all FAS Tag users before 01.03.23 however, the 100% compliance was not achieved. NHAI’s recent initiative aims to make the FAS Tag system 100% KYC compliant in order to avoid inconvenience to road users at fee Plazas. Under the “One Vehicle One FAS Tag” NHAI aims to deactivate/blacklist multiple FAS Tags issued on a single Vehicle.

Instances have been reported when FAS Tag issued to a different vehicle are carried in another vehicle(s) without fixing it on the windscreen of the vehicle. This also results in deduction of User Fee even if that vehicle has not crossed fee Plaza. With One Vehicle One FAS Tag initiative, such misuse of FAS Tag will be minimized.

One Vehicle One FAS Tag initiative aims to increase the efficiency and strengthen the Electronic Toll Collection by:

Reducing transaction processing delays
Removing large volume of inactive/blacklisted FAS Tag from the system
Prevention of unauthorized handling of FAS Tags which are not affixed to vehicle windscreen
Enhancing overall reliability of the system by minimizing chances of

Misuse of other vehicle’s FAS Tag and other fraudulent activities

Creating unique identifier of a vehicle for Tolling purpose.

The guidelines as issued by RBI through Master Direction – Know Your Customer (KYC) Direction, 2016 (Updated as on January 04, 2024) RBI/DBR/2015-16/18 Master Direction DBR.AML.BC.No.81/14.01.001/2015-16 is applicable to all Prepaid Payment Instruments (PPI) including FAS Tag customers.

The Guidelines requires KYC of all PPI like FAS Tag to be fully KYC compliant. The Guidelines also require periodic updation of KYC which ranges from at least once in every two years for high-risk customers, once in every eight years for medium risk customers and once in every ten years for low-risk customers from the date of opening of the account / last KY C updation.

NHAI, through the recent initiative aims to make the FAS Tag system 100% KYC compliant in order to avoid inconvenience to road users at fee Plazas.

Steps taken by the government to make power sector viable and profitable

The Union Minister for Power and New & Renewable Energy has informed about the steps taken by the government for the modernization of the nation’s electricity market.

The power demand in the country has gone up by 50.8 percent in energy terms from 2013-14 to 2022-23. The peak demand has gone up from 135,918 MW in 2013-14 to 243,271 MW in September 2023. We have been able to meet the increase in demand because we added 196,558 MW of capacity between 2014 to 2023 which includes 104,059 MW of renewable energy capacity. The details of the quantum of power generated in the country during the last three years and the current year 2023-24 (till December 2023) are given below.

The details of total quantity of power produced in the country in the last three years and the current year 2023-24 (till December 2023)

			(All figures are in Million Units)
Fuel		2020-21	2021-22	2022-23	2023-24 (up to Dec)
THERMAL	COAL	950937.55	1041487.43	1145907.58	932258.66
	DIESEL	126.31	117.24	229.71	300.5
	HIGH SPEED DIESEL	0	0	0	0
	LIGNITE	30505.68	37094.04	36188.34	24324.57
	MULTI FUEL
	NAPTHA	101.41	0	0.83	0
	NATURAL GAS	50842.59	36015.77	23884.21	23903.53
THERMAL Total		1032513.54	1114714.48	1206210.67	980787.26
NUCLEAR		43029.08	47112.06	45861.09	36263.36
HYDRO		150299.52	151627.33	162098.77	114757.77
Bhutan Import		8765.5	7493.2	6742.4	4672.1
Renewable Energy Sources (excluding large hydro)		147247.508	170912.297	203552.685	172488.39
Grand Total		1381855.15	1491859.37	1624465.61	1308968.88

In order to accommodate the substantial capacity addition, the Government of India planned and added 1,89,052 circuit kilometers (ckm) of transmission lines, in the same period (2013-14 to 2022-23) connecting the whole country into one grid running on one frequency with the capability of transferring 1,16,540 MW from one corner of the country to another, also further integrating the whole country into one national market.

We have introduced new products in the Exchange for Renewable Energy such as the Green Day Ahead Market and the Green Term Ahead Market.

India has one of the fastest growing Renewable Energy Capacities in the world and has emerged as the most favoured destination for investment in Renewables in the world. Government has constructed Green Energy Corridors and put in place 13 Renewable Energy Management Centres. Presently, Renewable Energy Capacity is 180,800 MW and 103,660 MW is under installation.

Government has made concerted efforts to make Power Sector viable. The AT&C losses have come down from 25.72% in 2014-15 to 15.40% in 2022-23. All current payment of Gencos are up-to-date and the legacy dues of Gencos have come down from Rs. 1,39,947 crores as on 03.06.2022 to Rs. 49,451 crores as on 31.01.2024. The subsidy payment to DISCOMS on account of subsidies announced by State Government are up-to-date.

In order to reduce the AT&C losses, the Government of India has implemented the following steps:

Provided funds under DDUGJY and IPDS to install meter on unmetered connections; and installed covered wire in loss prone areas to make theft difficult;

Put in place energy accounting and energy audit system;
Revised prudential norms to ensure that no loans are given by REC/PFC to DISCOMs which are making losses, unless they draw up a plan to reduce the losses, get their State Government approval on it and file it with the Government of India; and follow up on these steps;

Put in place a merit order despatch system to ensure that cheaper power is despatched first;

Reduced the late payment surcharge to reduce the burden on the DISCOMs;

Put in place rules to ensure that if the Genco is not paid for the power supplied, the access to the power exchange of the defaulting DISCOMs is automatically cut off;

Put in place an incentive of an additional borrowing space of 0.5% of GDP for the State, if the DISCOMs puts in place loss reduction measures;

Provided that no funds will be given under RDSS to loss making DISCOMs unless they put in place measures to reduce their losses; and

Put in place Rules to ensure that the tariff is up-to-date.

As a result of the above measures, the power sector has become viable and profitable.

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