Exploring the Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour of Scientists Working in the National Centre for Cell Science, Pune.

¹Mrs Shende Deepali Haridas and ¹Dr. Sharmila. V. Gadge

¹Y.C.S.P.

Mandal’s Dadasaheb Digambar Shankar Patil Arts, Commerce & Science College, Erandol, Maharashtra, India.

Email : sharmilagadge@gmail.com

¹KBC, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India.

Email: nashik2009@gmail.com

Abstract

Information is central to scientific research, directly influencing research quality, innovation, and productivity. This study examines the information needs and information-seeking behaviour of scientists at the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, a leading cell biology research institute in India. It explores the types of information scientists require, the sources and channels they use, the resources they prefer, and the challenges they encounter while fulfilling their information needs. A mixed-method approach combining surveys and interviews was adopted. The findings show that online databases and peer-reviewed journals are the most frequently used sources of information. However, scientists often face difficulties such as restricted access to paywalled content and information overload. The study recommends improving access to digital resources and strengthening information support services to enhance research efficiency and productivity at NCCS.

Keywords: Information, Cell Science, Information Seeking Behaviour, Scientists

1) Introduction

Scientific research is inherently information-intensive. Scientists continuously depend on current research findings, experimental protocols, specialised datasets, and collaborative networks to design and validate their work. Information needs arise when researchers recognise a knowledge gap and actively seek reliable sources to address it. Understanding these needs and behaviours at an institutional level helps libraries, research support units, and policymakers design better information systems and training programs.

The National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, is an autonomous institute supported by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India. It focuses on advanced research in areas such as cancer biology, genomics, immunology, microbial ecology, and stem cell research. With modern facilities in proteomics, microscopy, flow cytometry, and bioinformatics, NCCS generates and consumes vast amounts of scientific information through both formal and informal channels.

2) Background

NCCS was established to strengthen cell biology research in India and has grown into a prominent research institution over the past three decades. Its work addresses both fundamental biological questions and emerging public-health concerns. Over time, the institute has expanded its scientific scope to include structural and computational biology, neurobiology, regeneration and development, proteomics, and immunology. These newer domains complement its earlier strengths in cancer research, cellular metabolism, intracellular transport, and infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria, and AIDS. Research activities are supported by advanced laboratory infrastructure and a well-maintained experimental animal facility that provides technical assistance to scientists.

3) History of NCCS

NCCS began in 1986 as the National Tissue Culture Facility with a mandate for basic research, teaching, training, and maintaining national cell repositories. Initially focused on developing and distributing animal and human cell lines to academic and research institutions, it gradually expanded into broader areas of cell and molecular biology, genomics, proteomics, and immunology. Today, it continues to serve as a national resource centre while advancing high-quality scientific research.

4) Areas of Research

The institute emphasises high-impact research publications and quality scientific output. Its major domains include cell biology, cancer research, genomics, immunology, proteomics, and related interdisciplinary areas. Over the past decade, the institute has produced a substantial number of peer-reviewed journal publications, reflecting its strong research culture and academic contribution.

5) Number of Employees

Designation	Total
Scientist G	11
Scientist F	03
Scientist E	08
Scientist D	08
Scientist C	02
Scientific & Technical Support	09
Staff	16
Multi-Tasking Staff	07
Total	64

6) International Collaboration

NCCS scientists actively collaborate with research organisations across countries such as the USA, China, Japan, the UK, Switzerland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Australia, and several African nations. These collaborations include joint research projects, academic exchanges, and training opportunities, enabling students and scholars to gain international exposure and strengthen interdisciplinary research.

7) Objectives of the Study

• To identify the types of information required by NCCS scientists.
• To examine the sources and channels used for information seeking.
• To analyse challenges faced in accessing information.
• To suggest strategies for improving information access and utilization

8) Scope and Limitation

The study is limited to scientists and research fellows working at the National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, and does not extend to other research institutions.

9) Review of Literature

Athukorala (2013) This study examined the information needs and search behaviour of computer science researchers in Finland using case studies and a web survey. It found that researchers mainly search information to stay updated, explore new topics, review literature, and collaborate. Searching was often collaborative, and different tools and strategies were used depending on the purpose of the search. Acheampong & Dzandu (2013) Focusing on crop research scientists in Ghana, this study showed that scientists preferred journal articles, especially in electronic format, and frequently used libraries and scientific meetings as information sources. It recommended better journal subscriptions and training in information search skills. Abubakar & Akar (2017)
This research investigated the availability and use of electronic databases in Nigerian agricultural research institutes. Results indicated that electronic databases improved research output and information literacy, but challenges such as poor internet connectivity, lack of subscriptions, and weak ICT infrastructure limited effective use. Jamali(2010) The study explored how physicists and astronomers use Google for information seeking. It revealed that Google is increasingly used as a starting point for finding scholarly articles due to its simplicity, and it suggested that academic databases should adopt similar user-friendly features. Goswami & Choudhury (2014)
This study on R&D organisations in Jharkhand found that researchers relied on both formal and informal sources. Informal channels such as meetings, seminars, and workshops played a significant role in knowledge sharing and information acquisition. Makinde(2019) Conducted in a Nigerian federal research institute, this study highlighted that poor internet connectivity and inadequate ICT facilities negatively affected researchers’ information-seeking behaviour. It recommended improving internet services, conducting information audits, and ensuring reliable power supply to support access to e-resources.

10) Methodology

A descriptive survey method was adopted using questionnaires and interviews to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. The study population included scientists and research fellows at NCCS. Participants were selected from diverse research groups including cell biology, molecular biology, immunology, genomics, and proteomics. Data collected were analysed using R software to identify patterns and trends.

11) Data Analysis

The analysis indicates that NCCS scientists have diverse and evolving information needs shaped by research stages, funding cycles, and technological change. Their behaviour reflects a balance between formal academic tools and informal professional networks.

Major Information Needs

• Research Literature: Peer-reviewed journals, reviews, and preprints remain the most critical sources for staying updated.
• Experimental Protocols: Standardizedlaboratory methods and workflows are essential for reproductivity
• Scientific Data Repositories: Genomic, imaging, and metabolic datasets support data-driven research.
• Technical Documentation: Manuals and tutorials for bioinformatics and statistical tools are increasingly important.
• Collaboration & Funding Information: Grant calls and partnership opportunities support professional growth.

Information Seeking Channels

Formal: Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science), institutional journal subscriptions, data repositories, and internal training workshops.
Informal: Peer discussions, conferences, seminars, and academic social networks such as ResearchGate and LinkedIn.

Preferred Resources

Scientists favour journals over books, online databases over printed indexes, and direct consultation with collaborators or supervisors over mediated library assistance. This preference highlights the demand for speed, accessibility, and specialized expertise.

12) Results and Findings

The findings reinforce that literature and research data form the core of scientists’ information needs. Both structured databases and informal professional interactions play vital roles in their research process. Digital resources dominate usage patterns due to convenience and up-to-date content.

13) Suggestions

Key challenges identified include:

• Limited access to subscription-based journals
• Information overload from excessive publications
• Time constraints due to heavy research workload
• Uneven technical skills in advanced search techniques

Recommended measures include expanding digital subscriptions, promoting open-access resources, offering regular training in search and data-management skills, and strengthening library liaison services.

14) Conclusion

Scientific information seeking at NCCS is multifaceted, combining traditional scholarly resources with collaborative and digital networks. Research success depends largely on timely access to reliable information and efficient search strategies. Strengthening information infrastructure, improving digital access, and providing targeted training can significantly enhance research productivity and reduce barriers, ultimately fostering innovation and high-quality scientific output.

References:

• Athukorala, K., Hoggan, E., Lehtiö, A., Ruotsalo, T., & Jacucci, G. (2013). Information‐seeking behaviors of computer scientists: Challenges for electronic literature search tools. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 50(1), 1-11.
• Acheampong, L. D., & Dzandu, M. (2013). Information-Seeking Behaviour of Crops Research Scientists in Ghana. Information and Knowledge Management.
• Abubakar, M. S., & Akor, P. U. (2017). Availability and utilization of electronic information databases for research by agricultural scientists in federal university libraries in North Central Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 1600, 1-34.
• Jamali, H. R., & Asadi, S. (2010). Google and the scholar: the role of Google in scientists’ information‐seeking behaviour. Online information review, 34(2), 282-294.
• Sahu, A. K., Goswami, N. G., & Choudhury, B. K. (2014). Information needs of library users of selective metallurgical institutions in Jharkhand. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 34(IF-0.645), 3-10.
• Makinde, O. B., Jiyane, G. V., & Mugwisi, T. (2019). Factors and challenges affecting the informationseeking behavior of science and technology researchers. Library Philosophy and Practice, 1-26
• Basimalla, S. R. (2000). Communication patterns and information seeking behaviour of health science researchers/scientists: a study of ICMR Institutes.
• Chudamani, K. S., & Nagarathna, H. C. (2006). A model of information use behavior by scientists.