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The Surreality of the Pamirs

Amongst the World’s highest ranges, the majestic Pamir Mountains are situated between Central Asia, South and East Asia. They are located at the junction of the Himalayas with the Karakoram, Hindu Kush and the Tian Shan ranges.

Geography

The lie mainly in the Gorno-Badakshan autonomous region of Tajikistan. The connect the Tian Shan mountains to the North, along the Alay valley of Kyrgyzstan. To the south, they border the Hindu Kush mountains along Afghanistan’s famous anomaly of a province, the Wakhan corridor. To the east, they extend to the range that includes China’s Kongur Tagh, the Pamir’s highest point,  separated by the Yarkand valley from the Kunlun Mountains. The Panj and the Pamir are the major rivers that flow through the ranges.

The Pamir in the summer

The three highest mountains in the Pamirs core are the Ismoil Somoni (known from 1932 to 1962 as Stalin Peak, and from 1962 to 1998 as Communism Peak), 7,495 m (24,590 ft), Ibn Sina (still unofficially known as Lenin Peak), 7,134 m (23,406 ft); and Korzhenevskaya ,7,105 m (23,310 ft). Kongur Tagh lies in China in the region known as the ‘Eastern Pamirs’.

Kongur Tagh

There are many glaciers present in the ranges. The 77 km long Fedchenko Glacier is the longest in the former USSR and the longest outside the Polar regions. The majestic lake Karakul is located in the nearby region.

Climate

The ranges are covered in snow throughout the year and has mainly alpine climate, the Pamirs are famous for having long and bitterly cold winters, and short, cool summers. Annual rainfall is about 130 mm (5 in), which supports grasslands but very few types of trees.

History

Historically, the Pamir Mountains were considered a strategic trade route between Kashgar(Xinjiang, China) and Kokand(Uzbekistan) on the legendary Silk Road, a prehistoric route, and had been subject to numerous territorial conquests. The Northern Silk Road connected the ancient Chinese capital of Xi’an over the Pamir Mountains towards the west to emerge in Kashgar before linking to ancient Parthia.

Potential

The region has massive tourism potential and many hiking enthusiasts, travelers, mountaineers and adventure seekers do visit this massive region. The region’s importance will only grow further due its unique strategic location.

https://uncorneredmarket.com/pamir-mountains-beginners-guide/#langar

https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/pamir-mountains-natural-wonders-of-asia.html

Psychologist arrested by NCB for selling drug-induced brownies in South Mumbai.

On Monday, the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) busted an ongoing drug business, which was supplying narcotic drugs-infused cakes and brownies to rev parties.

Sameer Wankhede, the zonal director of NCB, based on a tip raided a bakery-cum-residence in Mazgaon (South Mumbai) on the 12th of July ( Monday). During the raid, a person who is said to be a professional psychologist also got arrested. NCB officials while searching the place found 10 kilograms of Hash-induced brownies, packed and ready to be delivered. They also found 50 grams of Opium and cash worth 1.17 lakhs, during the search.

Sources said that the psychologist who got arrested was running the bakery-cum-drug lab and that person works with a reputed South-Mumbai-based hospital. The person is identified by the name of Rahmeen Charaniya, 25yrs old, and was in the business since his college days. After being interrogated, the accused said he got the idea from an OTT platform-based series based on drug trafficking.

Further, during interrogation, it came up that Charaniya used to make deliveries himself and used to take orders through online platforms. Charaniya also gave the name of his supplier, Ramzan Shaikh (40yrs old), who also got caught by NCB officials in the Crawford market with 50 grams of Hash.

The Zonal Director of NCB also told about different categories of drug-based cakes which were being supplied by Charaniya namely; Rainbow Cake (a mixture of Hash, Charas, and weed with dough), Hash Brownies and Pot Brownies (infused with Marijuana).

Although this is not the first operation where NCB busted a drug-based bakery module. A similar module was busted a month ago in Western Mumbai, but the seizure was 10 percent of the current seizure.

War Theatres: India's entry into hybrid warfare

The Ministry of Defense announced the theaterisation of the Indian Armed forces under the Chief of Armed Forces (currently, Gen Bipin Rawat), the Defense Secretary and the tri-force chief council.

Indian Armed Forces - Wikipedia
The Insignia of the Indian Armed Forces

Theatres of defense would quite effectively wipe out the existing commands system in which the Indian uniformed forces work. India has 17 armed commands – 7 for the army, 7 for the airforce and 3 for the Navy. These commands are indepednent of each other and have a different officer from the corresponding service to serve as the commander. This model is the traditional one which has been followed for centuries. The British, the French, the Americans have all always had a separate command for the army and for the navy. The Mughal Empire did not have a lot of maritime enemies along its controlled regions in Bengal. However, by the time the Marathas took over, the Portugese and the French had arrived with newer war techniques and a large part of this warfare was at sea. So, the Marathas developed a strong naval force. Even then, the office of the admiral and the office of the Commander of Army were separate. Infact, even in the army, the office of the gun users and those of the cavalry and cannons were separate.

However, the first world war introduced new means of warfare. Trenches, tanks, heavier guns and soldiers – everything together. It was unlike the American Wars before 1860s where the two parties would stand on either side of the rift and shoot on orders and then jump to manual fighting. It was a new way of fighting where all forces of offense and defense needed to work together and several layers of bureaucracy and controls would hinder the effectiveness. Thus was introduced the concept of theatre of war. War office was segregated not based on the uniformed service but on the region to control. That makes orders easier, the need and procurement of weapons is simplified. The second world war only assured that the theatre warfare is better than the conventional war office. There is a commander of the theatre who addresses directly to the council of war or the defense council or the war office (As in World War 2 Britain) or to the chief of Defense forces and Defense Secretary (As in modern day USA).

China entered into the Theatrisation process very recently. Pakistan copied its model. India is probably the last large economy to change to the theatre model of warfare. And it means that Indian warfare should be more synchronized and effective now. So should be the process of weaponisation. There have been instances where the airforce and the army separately ordered jets causing the government to loose a lot on the benifits it could have had received for a bulk order. Similar is the story for missiles to be used by the army, the navy and the air force.

Unfortunately, there is a lot of drama going on in the defense forces headquarters in New Delhi about the theaterisation mechanics. However, all chiefs and the cabinet has shown commitment towards a fast and effective formalization of the new policy.

What if we are living in a Video Game?

Kids these days are so head over heels into video games, do you ever think what if we are pawns in a video games ourselves, some alien species with the controller?

Rizwan Virk, a computer scientist and video game designer, published a 2019 book, The Simulation Hypothesis, that traces the path from today’s technology to what he calls the “Simulation Point,” the moment at which we could realistically build a Matrix-like simulation.

I know nothing about computer science, but this idea that we’re all characters in an advanced civilization’s video game is, well, kind of awesome.

Pretend I know absolutely nothing about the “simulation hypothesis.” What is the simulation hypothesis?

The simulation hypothesis is the modern equivalent of an idea that’s been around for a while, and it is the idea that the physical world that we live in, including the Earth and the rest of the physical universe, is actually part of a computer simulation.

You can think of it like a high resolution or high-fidelity video game in which we are all characters, and the best way to understand it within Western culture is the movie The Matrix, it’s become a cultural phenomenon now beyond the film industry.

In that movie, Keanu Reeves plays the character Neo, who meets a guy names Morpheus, who is aptly named after the Greek god of dreams, and Morpheus gives him a choice of taking a red pill or a blue pill. And if he takes the red pill, he wakes up and realizes that his entire life, including his job, the building he lived in, and everything else, was part of this elaborate video game, and he wakes up in a world outside of the game, which he did. That is the basic version of the simulation hypothesis.

Are we living in a simulated universe right now?

There are lots of mysteries in physics that are better explained by the simulation hypothesis than by what would be a material hypothesis.

The truth is that there’s much we simply don’t understand about our reality, and I think it’s more likely than not that we are in some kind of a simulated universe. Now, it’s a much more sophisticated video game than the games we produce, just like today World of Warcraft and Fortnite are way more sophisticated than Pac-Man or Space Invaders. They took a couple of decades of figuring out how to model physical objects using 3D models and then how to render them with limited computing power, which eventually led to this spate of shared online video games.

I think there’s a very good chance we are, in fact, living in a simulation, though we can’t say that with 100 percent confidence. But there is plenty of evidence that points in that direction.

Watch season 18, episode 7 of South Park if you haven’t gotten the hint already!

Think of how sometimes when you walk into a room with a purpose but the moment you enter, you forget the reason you walked in for? Who knows some work might have come up so the gamer playing you had to leave? So, you go blank for a few seconds, but when the gamer comes back, you are back on track as well.

Think of how every time you fell down. Who knows that isn’t because the controller from the gamer’s hand maybe because he was balancing his plate of food in his hand while playing?

What if the old people are being played by the gamers with low frame rate and bad internet connectivity?

When I say there are aspects of our world that would make more sense if they were part of a simulation, I mean there are a few different aspects, one of which is quantum indeterminacy, which is the idea that a particle is in one of multiple states and you don’t know that unless you observe the particle.

Probably a better way to understand it is the now-infamous example of Schrödinger’s cat, which is a cat that the physicist Erwin Schrödinger theorized would be in a box with some radioactive material and there was a 50 percent chance the cat is dead and a 50 percent chance the cat is alive. Now, common sense would tell us that the cat is already either alive or it’s dead. We just don’t know because we haven’t looked in the box. We open the box and it’ll be revealed to us whether the cat is alive or dead. But quantum physics tells us that the cat is both alive and dead at the same time until somebody opens up the box to observe it. The cardinal rule is the universe renders only that which needs to be observed.

Isn’t the hypothesis that we’re living in a flesh-and-blood physical world the simpler explanation?

A very famous physicist, John Wheeler, was one of the last physicists who worked with Albert Einstein and many of the great physicists of the 20th century. He said that physics was initially thought to be about the study of physical objects, that everything was reducible to particles. This is what’s often called the Newtonian model.

But then we discovered quantum physics and we realized that everything was a field of probabilities and it wasn’t actually physical objects. That was the second wave in Wheeler’s career.

The third wave in his career was the discovery that at the core level, everything is information, everything is based on bits. So Wheeler came up with a famous phrase called “it from bit,” which is the idea that anything we see as physical is really the result of bits of information. He didn’t live to see quantum computers come into reality, but it’s looking more like that.

So I would say that if the world isn’t really physical, if it’s based on information, then a simpler explanation might in fact be that we are in a simulation that is generated based on computer science and information.

How close are we to having the technological capacity to build an artificial world that’s as realistic and plausible as The Matrix?

There are 10 stages of technology development that a civilization would have to go through to create a hyper realistic simulation. We’re at about stage five, which is around virtual reality and augmented reality. Stage six is about learning to render these things without us having to put on glasses, and the fact that 3D printers now can print 3D pixels of objects shows us that most objects can be broken down as information.

But the really difficult part — and this is something not a lot of technologists have talked about — is in The Matrix, the reason they thought they were fully immersed was they had this cord going into the cerebral cortex, and that’s where the signal was beamed. This brain-computer interface is the area that we haven’t yet made that much progress in, but we are making progress in it. It’s in the early stages.

So my guess is within a few decades to 100 years from now, we will reach the simulation point.

Stock Exchange India

Stock exchange is something about which many people are still unaware, here I am talking specifically about India its stock exchange and other facts related to it. A stock exchange is basically a place where an individual can buy and sell stocks. The oldest stock exchange in India happened in the year 1857 in Bombay (Mumbai)
A stock which is also known as an equity lets a common man invest into a corporation and they get a share in companies’ asset and profit depending upon how much share they own. The costliest share in India is approximately seventy-two thousand for one, it is of MRF and the costliest share of the world is Berkshire Hathaway. If we go into the technicality of the topic there are number of concept and terms.

Bull and Bear
This concept of Bull and Bear is the most common one it basically reflects the condition of stock market just like the name a bull is considered an active and fierce animal and a bear is lazy, a bull here stands for a purchaser who invest in stocks and earns great profit as he invested at the right time where as a bear is just the opposite, he sells stock. Both resembles different condition.

Rule of 72
Which is a beginner rule, used to calculate the time required to double the capital, the calculation is done by number 72.

In India there are two popular stock exchange venue The Bombay Stock exchange and the national stock exchange. Out of the two BSE is the older one it was established back in 1875 and it is the first ever stock exchange of Asia, apart from this on-line trading was introduced through Bombay stock Exchange, it is the 12th biggest market place for stock exchange in world.
Then, there is National Stock exchange, which came in 1992 and bought electronic exchange with it, this changed the traditional style. It is the 10th biggest stock exchange market. It is more advanced as compared to Bombay stock exchange in terms of facilities and both are separate. Both have different value as in capital and enjoy different position in the world and Indian market. There are in total 9 stock exchange in India including Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange.
A stock market plays a significant role in an economy that is why they exist, it is a platform that links a buyer, a seller, a company and most importantly they reflect the condition of a country’s economy.
Stock marked is termed risky because in case the market falls a purchaser will have to face high loss but, if the value of share increases it will lead to profit.
But as a responsible citizen we should always be aware about the ongoing trends and condition of stock market even if we don’t want to invest. There is a small population that invest into stock market reason can be many like the risk associated etc. but, at the same time we have great investors like Rakesh Jhunjhunwala and others.

Unknown Facts

World’s First human head transplant is scheduled this year,Dec 2017.Doctors are planning this for 30 years.It will cost $30 million and will have 150 doctors and nurses and will take 34 hours of time.It succeeds, It will Transform Medical science forever

The email was invented by Shiva Ayyadurai – a 14 year old Indian boy,in 1978

The weight of the first ever mobile phone was about 1 kg. The battery was like a brick which gave a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to charge.

GLOBAL WARMING

Global warming is the long-term warming of the planet’s overall temperature. Though this warming trend has been going on for a long time, its pace has significantly increased in the last hundred years due to the burning of fossil fuels.

As the human population has increased, so has the volume of fossil fuels burned. Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas, and burning them causes what is known as the “greenhouse effect” in Earth’s atmosphere. 

The greenhouse effect is when the Sun’s rays penetrate the atmosphere, but when that heat is reflected off the surface cannot escape back into space. Gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels prevent the heat from leaving the atmosphere.

These greenhouse gasses are carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, water vapor, methane, and nitrous oxide. The excess heat in the atmosphere has caused the average global temperature to rise overtime, otherwise known as global warming.

Global warming has presented another issue called climate change. Sometimes these phrases are used interchangeably, however, they are different. Climate change refers to changes in weather patterns and growing seasons around the world.

It also refers to sea level rise caused by the expansion of warmer seas and melting ice sheets and glaciers. Global warming causes climate change, which poses a serious threat to life on earth in the forms of widespread flooding and extreme weather. Scientists continue to study global warming and its impact on Earth.

APJ ABDUL KALAM

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam was a scientist who later became the 11th President of India and served the country from 2002 to 2007.

He was the most respected person in the country, as he contributed a lot to the country as a scientist and a president.

His contribution to the Indian Space Research Organization is unforgettable.

There were many projects under his leadership such as Rohini-1, Project Devil and the launch of Project Valent, missiles (under Mission Agni and Prithvi), etc.

For his great contribution in increasing India’s nuclear power, he is popularly known as “Missile Man of India”. He has been awarded the highest civilian awards for his dedicated work.

After completing his service to the Government of India as President, he served the country as a visiting professor at various valuable institutions and universities.

HIS CAREER AND CONTRIBUTION:

He was born on 15 October 1931 to Zainuldeben and Aashiyamma. His family’s financial situation was a bit bad, so he started supporting his family financially at an early age.

He started earning money to support his family but never gave up his education.

He completed his graduation from Madras Institute of Technology in 1954 from St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirapalli and Aerospace Engineering.

After completing his graduation, he joined the Aeronautical Development Foundation of the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) as a leading scientist.

Soon he moved to the Indian Space Research Organization as the Project Director of India’s first indigenous satellite launch vehicle.

He also served as the Chief Executive of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program, which is involved in the simultaneous development of missiles.

He had also become the Chief Scientific Adviser of the Prime Minister and Secretary of the Defense Research and Development Organization from the year 1992 to 1999.

He was called the “Missile Man of India” after his successful contribution as the Chief Project Coordinator for Pokhran II nuclear tests.

Mitchell Marsh with his all-round performance helps Aussies overcome caribbean's

Mitchell Marsh

In the fourth match of the series played between Wi and Australia on 14 July. Australia registered a thrilling 4 run win over West Indies in the fourth match played in St Lucia. In this match, Mitchell Marsh played an important role in getting the Kangaroo team their first win in the T20 series. In this series, the West Indies team has already taken an unassailable lead by winning three consecutive matches.

In this match played at Darren Sammy National Cricket Stadium, Australia won the toss and batted first. Start was not good and the first wicket fell for 12 runs. Matthew Wade, came to open the innings, and was dismissed for 5 runs. After that, Mitchell Marsh came out to bat at number three and got Australia out of trouble with captain Aaron Finch with a 114-run partnership. Finch was dismissed for 53 while Marsh scored 75 runs. Alex Carey, Moises Henriques, Ashton Turner could not do much in the middle order. Dan Christian scored 22 runs in the lower order. Australia scored 189 runs for 6 wickets in the stipulated 20 overs in their innings.

The West Indies team, which came out to achieve the target of 190 runs, started strongly. Both the Caribbean team’s openers Lyndle Simmons and Evin Lewis added 62 runs for the first wicket. Lewis was dismissed for 31 while Simmons made 72. After the dismissal of these two batsmen, the middle order of the Caribbean team could not do much.

In the final overs, Andre Russell and Fabian Allen tried their best to win the match for West Indies but failed. Russell remained unbeaten on 24 off 13 balls while Allen was dismissed for 29 off 14 balls. West Indies managed to score 185 runs for 6 wickets and lost the match by 4 runs. Mitchell Starc bowled a superb last over and steal the show.

Mitchell Marsh took the three wickets for Australia and helped his team win first match in this series. For his all-round performance with both bat and ball ( 3 wickets and 75 runs ) ,he was awarded the player of the match award. West Indies now leads the series with 3-1 equation and last match will be played on 16th July.

Pilpantri: a model of environmentalism and feminism

Pilpantri, a village with a population of 8000 , located in Rajasmand district of Rajasthan has been a matter of pride for the entire nation. It is the perfect example of how the cycle of change starts from one person itself. This small village has been attracting attention from all over the world due to its efforts of saving the environment and promoting the girl child birth and education. Now, feminism and Rajasthan in one sentence may be shocking to some as Rajasthan has a tanned image for female infanticide, child marriage and is considered to be one of the least progressive state for females. However, times are changing. Pilpantri, itself being an example of this change which has made it a role model of eco feminism.

This village plants 111 trees for every single girl child being born there. The number of trees being “111” for every girl child has a different story behind it. India is a land of traditions which is what makes us unique. It is a tradition in India that on every auspicious occasion a donation of 101, 111, 1100 or the similar numbers being made ,which is termed as “shagun” in Indian terms. The traditions when used in an innovative way may prove extremely beneficial for the present times. The plantation of such a huge number for every girl child born increases the green cover around the village protecting the people there from the pollution and its aftermath, which is one of the biggest problems in India. The saying “Nature has solution to every problem provided you regard it well” holds true.

History of the plantation drive

In 2005, when Shyam Sunder Paliwal had taken over as the village sarpanch, the entire area surrounded by hills was denuded for mining. The district of Rajasmand is known for marble block mining and is the largest producer of marble in the entire country. Mining leads to the loss of vegetation and invites several problems in the mined areas such as floods, water logging, soil erosion as the natural protectors of environment i.e. the trees are sacrificed in mining and no or least attempt is made to restore them.

Two years later, when Kiran , Paliwal’s 17 year old darling daughter died due to dehydration, he decided to honor her by planting a tree in her name on the village entrance. He then thought of implying this scheme for the birth of every daughter in the village . Not only to celebrate the birth of a girl (which is a very rare practice in India) are trees planted but also to commemorate the lives of those who died. The village plants 11 trees in the memory of every person that dies here.

Pilpantri as a model of feminism

In India, where patriarchy has a strong hold, females are neglected since birth and are seen only as an institution to carry on the generations forward. The birth of the female becomes a matter of shame for the family while some starts to worry about the dowry of a new born girl. To put a stop to all these problems, the people came with a very “horrifying” solution which is to kill the girl before she is born. A report suggests that in Rajasthan, the child sex ratio is 888 girls per 1000 boys. The census also revealed that of total deaths in Rajasthan, over 20% of them were infant deaths. Overall, the female child population (age 0-6) between 2001 and 2011 dropped by 3 million. One journalist referred to this as “the silent genocide.” Female infants are sometimes tragically killed by opium poisoning, starvation, or even being crushed with stones or drowned in water.

Pilpantri , a small hamlet not only cares for the environment with every girl born but also secures her future through the various schemes implemented by the village. As reported by The Hindu, Rs. 21,000 is collected from the village residents at the birth of a girl child and Rs.10,000 from the girl’s father and this sum of Rs. 31,000 is made into a fixed deposit for the girl, with a maturity period of 20 years. Also, the village authorities make these parents sign an affidavit promising that they would not marry her off before the legal age, send her to school regularly and take care of the trees planted in her name.

When the girls grow up, they tie Rakhi( a holy sibling bond signifying the protection of each other) to the trees.

Pilpantri as a model for environmentalism

According to a report by BBC, the region now has more than 350,000 trees, from mango and gooseberry to sandalwood, neem, peepal and bamboo, growing across the once-barren lands and covering an estimated 1,000 hectares. To plant the trees what is required is soil and water along with the saplings. The more the greenery, it will attract higher numbers of birds , bring more rain and prosperity to the region.

The village has also developed a water harvesting system , where the run off rain water is collected through ditches, bunds and dams. Now, clear pools of water shone and adorn the village attracting animals like geese and rabbits.

Also, to protect the large number of trees from termites villagers plants aloe vera in large amounts near the trees which in turn is utilized by the women of the village to make aloe juice ,gels and cosmetics for sale in the market, increasing the village economy and their independency.

In 2018 the state government instituted a training center there to educate people on the “Piplantri Model”. The building hosts engineers, officials and residents from other districts who hope to replicate Piplantri’s model of water harvesting and tree planting elsewhere in Rajasthan and the country. As many as 50 to 60 visitors come to Piplantri some days – most of whom come to attend workshops in the training center – and the village even has a set of cottages to house them. 

Now, the birth of a daughter is no more considered to be a burden but a matter of pride and celebration. It is the efforts of Shyam Sunder Paliwal which have adorned the earlier dried village considering females as a burden , into a developed hamlet which is an inspiration for the entire country in more than one ways. The woman has been associated with “fertile lands” in literary terms by many poets since ancient times . It is not only because of her ability to reproduce which gives her this association but also her ability to nurture and regrow an arid land of which Pilpantri is the best example.

THE UPCOMING ALBUM THAT YOU MIGHT BE INTERESTED

                                            THE SINGLE GUL BY ASVIN JOSH

The trending posts that also consists of the single called “Gul” is yet to release on social media to catch the eyes of the viewers. This is a kind of song that can be related with nature and its animals.

Concentrating on the nature important aspects and the preservation of wildlife in simple terms that can be considered in my own opinion. It shows the fact the admiring and adopting nature is the best way for mankind to have a peaceful and eco-friendly environment.

The girl can also be considered as a supreme power trying to preserve her creations and admire them of the beauty, they have in maintaining a pollution free society.

The scenery of this nature is epic and eye-catching. It is yet to release and grab audience to its magnificent creation of video. They have worked whole hearted to form such a video that might help us to be aware of nature and its effects since it is our duty as human beings to preserve, protect and growth of nature to provide them for next generation with fresh air and wildlife surroundings.  

A LETTER TO THE MOTHERLAND

Hello motherland, I hope you are fine, I can only hope this because your children living here are not completely loyal to you.

Since long time you have been through many things and faced a lots of challenges. You have seen people changing, their changing lifestyles and even their behaviour towards you. During ancient times people used to discover things from you, they only used natural things like branches of trees to cook food, stones to setup fire and made tools from them. People at that time were totally dependent on you for everything from eating to wearing to shelter. As the time passes, in the medieval time people were more developed and found ways to rule over you. Different communities were made and people got divided according to their power and started making policies and planning to rule over a large piece of land this way you got divided into several religion and genders. Coming to the Modern Times now no one is afraid of you, everyone is seeking their benefit and doing whatever they wish to do without taking any precautions. Use of plastic bags, burning of crackers on festivals, wastage of water, deforestation etc all are leading to the serious conditions of the health of the motherland. Today’s society is always busy on technology and this too is creating a lot of junk on land and in people’s mind. They are harming the land as well as their health conditions. Due to huge amount of pollution, Ozone Layer has got a black hole in it and still people are not aware that it can cause serious skin problem like skin cancer.

As human beings have troubled you so much, the day will come when you will trouble us and I think the day has arrived, that is why in many parts of the world people are facing floods and even drought, heavy rainfall and even areas with graphic heat. You have suffered a lot and now that one day is very close when everybody will suffer and realise that what you have gone through.

Nowadays oxygen is free of cost and is God gifted but that day is very near when people will have pay for it. Everyone on the streets would walk by carrying oxygen cylinders on their back and masks on their face due to pollution and harmful waves. The harmful rays or pollution are not only affecting the life of people but also affecting the biodiversity. India, which is famous for its Bengal tiger is now found very rarely, butterflies which were in large quantities are now decreasing rapidly. Many of the birds and animals have been extinct because of unnecessary hunting in past and present by various kings and famous personalities in order to outshine others. Due to the overuse of the resources the time will come when the rivers will dry up and nothing will be left for the future, due to the present scenario it seems that the only thing we can leave for future generations are the photographs and paintings of the wildlife resources.

Human beings are not respecting their God then how can you expect that they will give you that respect which you deserve. It can be concluded by example of Ganesh Visarjan when tons of Ganesh idols are been sank in the rivers and later these were all collected by cleaners to take them to the safer place. The idols seems half dissolved in water and some even didn’t desolved because they are usually made of Plaster of Paris (POP). Government had insisted the public to buy idols made of mud instead of POP but for the beauty of the home they are destroying the beauty of nature.

There are very few helping hands which are not enough to protect you or conserve you. But we need more human efforts to protect you from big natural calamities.

To prevent the motherland from being old and unhealthy everyone should stop using plastic and start using alternative methods like paper bags, cloth bags, bamboo bottles, etc. Use of less pollutants should be encouraged and bicycle should be used for smaller distances to prevent the atmosphere from harmful chemicals. Candles and earthen lamps should be lighten up on festivals instead of firing crackers. These little steps by everyone can bring greater changes and will improve your health. If we talk about last year then due to covid-19 when the whole world was locked and everyone stayed at their homes, the ozone layer healed itself and pollution started to decrease.

I hope that my letter to motherland will somehow influence and aware people and hope that they will gain some more respect towards our motherland and I thank you to all those citizens who are engaged directly or indirectly in conserving it and contributing their bit for the world.

This is Ifrah Javed signing off.

BEST WINDOWS 10 APPS TO USE IN 2021

                                     TOP 7 CATEGORISED APPS USED IN PC THAT HAS BEST BENEFITS

Applications enhance and reduce the manpower in every place providing better services online. These apps help the user to experience the online world inside a device/gadget. Each module has a specification unique from others even though if they are used for same purpose. Whereas in the case of laptops or computers, from entertainment till animation various things can be created, explored and viewed in them.

 In fact, a helping hand in the virtual environment during this pandemic. It is very simple to cover all the applications that became the best use for windows in the present year. So let me brief each app one by one according to my preference.

  1. Microsoft Office 365

The first ever application that can be used for a large scale of domestic and commercial purposes simultaneously. This package offers seven splendid apps inside in where each one is prone for different activities from kids to elders. Each app has a specialty on its own and a very genuine application created by Microsoft organization.

The usage of each one is unique that makes us to astonish associated with the programming of it. This package is a primary one and does not require any special feature like graphics, designing.

 This package is now handy as we can use them in mobiles from anyplace with a network alone. The fact is it also available in three different versions (Mac, iOS, Android) excluding Windows. These apps help in creating data, storing them, manipulating and compiling different data and documents. But the subscription has to be paid as it is not free of cost to utilize.

Word – to create documents, and publications.

PowerPoint – to organize and combine data including formulas. Also, for handling them.

Excel – to store, arrange and handle data

OneDrive – to store documents and things online

OneNote – to group data you collect including notes, drawings, screen shots, audio files, and much more.

Publisher – to create extensive posters, menu and publications.

Outlook – to manage email and to do lists, and contacts.

Access – to combine and group a huge data.

  • myTube

This is user-friendly and has no restrictions upon any age of people using it. myTube is a third-party YouTube client. Because YouTube doesn’t always play nicely with third-party developers, myTube often comes with problems and issues.

Also, it is available at free of cost in Store of Microsoft platform in which your videos can be saved and comments can be made while watching random videos.

It makes controlling the app and navigating it easily as it is also a multi-tasking.

 More features are to be added, but even if the public release was just a stable, it’d still be the excellent way to watch YouTube videos on Windows platform.

  • Netflix

This is a huge entertainment platform where people can experience a lot web series and TV shows that go through different journals like horror, sci-fi, thrilling etc. One of the most popular application among youngsters nowadays. This application is totally free but do require subscription to be paid.

There are different languages for all TV shows so it will be comfortable for viewers to watch shows in their favorite language. This application has movies and a lot more comprised inside that will be an attractive and mesmerizing as well as stress buster for people.

This will ease your time away as you browse through several shows and categories in it. Even a family entertainer based on each one’s priority. It provides services at ultra-HD clarity so users need not worry about it.

  • Spotify

It is a digital library that allows us to access to n-number of songs and work from other people related to music and video. This is also a user-friendly and free of cost application but certain services need to be paid if you are in the urge to use them.

Spotify can be used in various range of devices but the podcasts or music can be taken to external from other than their own platform as it is restricted for users

  • ExpressVPN

VPNs are used to protect private web traffic from snooping, interference, and censorship. ExpressVPN is a paid VPN service that provides privacy and security while exploring the online world with our device. The application is totally free but needs a subscription for the services to be used.

This is a highly securitized app that can hold all your private passwords secretly while in indoors or roaming. You can feel safe with this module as it and user friendly also. Also works in Windows, Mac, iOS, Android, Linux and router.

  • PowerToys

PowerToys is similar to Microsoft Office packages but they are different in their functions that works on the software itself.  It is a highly specialized that create themes, background screens, layouts, changes the theme of our layout in the keyboard also resizes the pictures instantly. It also works like a booster in launching apps, replacing a file’s name.

Microsoft PowerToys is a set of freeware system tools that is developed by Microsoft themselves to work on Windows operating system for power users at high efficiency. It is a open source software are no cost application that works for old versions for windows also which has been hosted by GitHub the platform for programmers.

  • Reddit

Reddit is a Universal Windows Platform (UWP)app so that you can browse with ease and with fastness of the application associated with UI. The either side of the screen can be used to view post and comment on them, and you can manage to change the settings accordingly to your wish. If you start exploring this platform will become your default browser and all-time favorite.

This software comprises the facility for blind and low vision where they can import things and change the style of it to the format that can be viewed and read in a simple manner.

Also available in all types of devices and platform that is free of cost and user-friendly in all occasions. Includes scanning documents and uploading facility also.

I have given my best reviews about all the applications I have listed hope you will found useful reading my content as it may provide you the details the others won’t be given.

CHILDREN DAY

All the kids chin up, smile and celebrate the day dedicated specially to you! November 14 is celebrated as Children’s Day (also called Bal Diwas) in our country and the occasion also commemorates the birth anniversary of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India. As the schools and colleges gear up to celebrate this day, here is all you need to know about the history, importance and significance of the occasion.

Nehru was known for his affection and love for kids, whom he regarded as the ‘future of the country’ and was fondly called as Chacha Nehru. “The children of today will make the India of tomorrow. The way we bring them up will determine the future of the country,” he exclaimed once. He always emphasised on the education of children and played a major role in establishment of colleges in the country which are still considered one of the best in the country.

After his demise in 1964, his birth date, November 14, was decided to be celebrated as Children’s Day every year.

On this day, schools and colleges organise various programmes like plays, competitions, cultural events etc., and sweets, books, stationary and other gifts are distributed to children. Also, November 20 is celebrated as the Universal Children’s Day, as declared by the United Nations.

The day is a reminder that every child deserves education, nurturing and the best of everything. They are the building blocks of the nation and hence, the future of the nation depends how well they are brought up. To those who are now an adult, keep the kid inside you alive.

GENERATION GAP

ACCORDING TO CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY “a situation in which older and younger people do not understand each other because of their different experiences, opinions, habits, and behaviour.”

The gap between the old and the young people is called generation gap. Old people feel that lack of respect for the elders and disrespect to the existing system of the society will bring disaster for young generation. Young boys and girls, on the other hand, feel that ‘the old are fools’. The gap between the old and the new generations is widening owing to several reasons.

First, all young people feel that the present education has no relation with the realities of life. Secondly, the present life has become busy and fast. Thirdly, the young people are generally idealistic. When they find corruption in every sphere of life, they feel disgusted. Fourthly, to express their unhappiness with the existing state of affairs, young people take to violence or behave oddly.

In order to bridge the generation gap, elders should be sympathetic towards the young. They should realise the emotion, ambition and problems of the young. The young should realise that they have no experience in life.

So, they should value the advice of the elders. The general gap between the two groups of people is so wide in the western countries that they live separately. In India the traditional joint family system has slowed the growth of this gap. But now such a family also is breaking down.