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Co-operation is the Development of the Country

Co-operation 

The proverb “Unity is Propitious” is something we all know. Nehru said that “Co-operation” was the first step necessary for people to achieve equality. In this article we will look at the benefits of such a co-operation in detail.

Co-operation – Introduction

The purpose of the cooperative is to fully realize the “Single tree makes no forest”. The co-operative system was introduced in India by Frederick Nicholson Betts. He is also hailed as the “Father of the co-operative movement in India”. The law for these co-operative systems first came into force in India in 1940. It was in 1940 of the same year that the first co-operative movement was started in the village of Tirur in the Thiruvalluvar district.

The Movement and Purpose of the Co-operative

The work of the co-operative began to run with activities similar to those for towns and villages. They operate in the villages as the Primary Agricultural Cooperative Bank, the Central Cooperative Bank and its branches. Similarly in the cities Arbor Co-operative Bank and Labor Co-operative Bank are functioning. As such, there are more than 125 branches of the Co-operative Bank operating throughout Tamil Nadu. Similarly, there are about 4,600 start-up agricultural cooperative banks and about 23,000 co-operative banks.

The symbol, like the joining of the two hands of the co-operative societies, can be felt emphasizing their policy of uniting for the good of the people. 

Benefits of Co-operation

The truth is that “United we stand, divided we fall”. The benefits that people get from doing so are many. Poor farmers are able to benefit as start-up agricultural co-operative banks use a number of options, including five-year plans, to improve agriculture. Thus, the co-operation not only provides quality milk to all through dairy farms, but also benefits those who depend on cows. Similarly, the co-operative helps in earning a good income in the rural business of Kadar. The co-operative helps sugar mills, fertilizer companies and fishermen at various levels.

It is no exaggeration to say that the co-operative is a good friend of the people who helps to diversify the various industries including the farmers who have taken loans through the co-operative. If the town is pulled together, how many big chariots will come and get the beauty. The rise of the country is due to the co-operation that extends from the village to the town to help any poor simple people live upright. Let us rise and let our country rise! Long live the co-operation! Its missions to develop!

TRAVELLING

 

Man is a traveler by nature. He does not
like to keep static at a place for a long time. So, people like to visit new
places whenever they find time and opportunity. People travel for different
purposes. Some travel for getting an education and some travel for pleasure.
Many people also travel for business and employment. Travelling is, indeed,
very pleasant. It is useful too. By traveling to new places we can know new
people and learn many new things. Travelling opens new vistas of experience and
understanding for us. When we go to a new place all of our senses and instincts
become awake.

Travelling plays an important part in
making us feel relaxed and rejuvenated. It also brings positive changes in our
life and keeps us alive and active. Travelling gives us practical experience of
things we have studied in the books and surfed on the internet. So a person who
does not travel at all does not find any meaning in the name of India Gate or
Ganga River. However, if he has traveled to these places, he can truly relate
everything he has studied and will always remember each and every detail of
that place.

Nowadays, many people like travelling as
they want to explore the world and watch everything they have read about. And
this seems to be quite justified as practical knowledge is way more essential
and effective than the theoretical one. People like to visit historical places
present in different parts of the world and gather information on the same to
write books and stories. Travelling has become
easier due to advancement in technology and transportation. Earlier people use
to travel by road or sea and it takes many days to reach from one place to
another, however, now the scenario has changed and people travel to far off
places within hours and minutes-thanks to well-built roads and aeroplanes.

Traveling – The First Thing on Your To-Do
List

There is nothing quite like traveling,
like seeing a new place for the first time or returning to a favorite one.
People of all ages, from all around the world, go to foreign places for
different reasons – mainly, for work, family, and leisure. Whether by plane,
train, ship or by automobile, traveling is generally a pleasurable experience,
at least for the people who can financially afford comfortable and safe methods
of travel. But it has more benefits than satisfying one’s need to make money,
like, for example, to see loved ones and enjoy oneself on vacation. There are
other benefits of traveling worth mentioning and trying out. Many poets,
writers, and painters travel to different places to capture some of the best
things of nature and express them in the form of paintings or poems. People
also travel for business purposes so as to expand and gain profit from their
business. Students travel for educational purposes so everyone has a unique
reason to travel. Therefore, travelling is an important part of human life and
it instils knowledge and offers various benefits to mankind.

The Scout Movement

Student hood is a time of honoring. One of the student organizations that helps is The Scout Movement. Let’s think about that a bit here.

Background, Origin and Development

The Scout Movement originated in South Africa. The Boer War took place. The city of Mafeking ( now called Mahikeng ) was surrounded. The task of guarding the city was entrusted to Robert Baden-Paul. He co-founded many of the 12- to 17-year-olds. He taught them the lessons of patriotism, virtue, companionship, first aid, collective responsibility, living according to circumstances, and understanding the gestures of others. He was involved in espionage, Won.

Swami Vivekananda said, “Give me 100 energetic young men and I shall transform India.” Similarly, the Scout Movement, founded in South Africa by Robert Baden-Paul with twenty young men, is growing like a tree with millions of ideal volunteers in many countries around the world today. 

The Scout Movement in India

The Scout Movement was started by Annie Besant long before Indian independence. After the liberation of India, it became known as the The Bharat Scouts and Guides. There are two divisions in this movement: Boy scouts and Girl scouts.

Pledges and Terms

The scout boy must make these promises.

1. I will fulfill my duties to god, the king, the mother, the father, and the elderly.

2. I will be ready to help others.

3. I will abide by the laws of the scout movement.

The scout’s salutation with three fingers signifies these promises.

There are ten rules. They are,

1. Being Honorable: A scout should not deviate from the truth, no matter what trials may befall him. 

2. Devotion: Must have devotion to God, devotion to Guru etc.

3. Benevolence: Always be ready to help others. The goal of this campaign is to ‘be ready’. If he is healthy, he can harm others. He also need to know how to give first aid to the injured.

4. Brotherhood: Everyone should be treated as a brother. Caste should be secular. The poor should not discriminate between the rich. 

5. Treat everyone with respect.

6. Compassionate attitude

7. Self-control

8. Courage 

9. Have thrift.

10. Requires purity of mind, vote, action.

Benefits

As students join the army, they will develop qualities such as devotion to God, love, humility, respect, discipline, generosity, and benevolence and will be good to their parents and others. Will provide first aid to the injured. Will organize meetings. Will do many more favors.

All students should take part in such a charitable charity and engage in charitable work for the country.

History Of India And National Movement

Revolt of 1857
Before 1857 in 100years of a journey of Mughal emperor is ruled 1757 to set up own dynasty which was long time India and in 1857 British came that was partly they have owned and fight to rule in India and establish east India company which was named by the British. That was the “Revolt” after 1857 started and the modern history began the Mughal emperor became a pensioner of EIC.


In the background, 1757 war Plassey between Mughals and Nawab of Bengal for policies because of British was intervened for east India company by sending the governor leadership of Robert Clive control to seize indirect and French allies which broken by Captain John Munro after that they confirmed that British will go ruled in India.


1765- Treaty of Allahabad
When the British have proved that they are going to rule in India they changed the policies of East India Company and the Rights to collect the Revenue of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa which was called Deewani by the states for a collection that they won in fights and the Nizamat in Bangal which given states that maintain their Law and orders and then it became Dual system of Government this reason made the biggest Revolt of 1857. And the Mughal emperor was shah Alam became a pensioner if east India company that fixed amount given by the British which was 260000 the impact of symbolic importance he has power but the time changed that he got a yearly pensioners system of Diwani is taken charge by East India company they made different policies in revenue changes.

  • New land revenue settlements.
  • Growth of intermediary.
  • Eviction of peasants from their lands.
  • Intervention in Tribal regions.
  • Destruction of domestic handcraft and promotion of British goods.

That became the experiment that some has to succeed some are not successful but ultimately the situation has come in front of East India company has to appoint new post for their money collection(Tax) because they are not sufficient to handle the work and other became middle class came in the area to give money called money lenders. Imposed different taxes that are become reason farmers faced many problems inland.
The new market also establishes by the British command east India company India became the manufacturer for raw material in the market because they have given rights to take charge and command EIC whatever the market in India like cotton manufacture mills handicraft that tribal made by them all are produced in Britain. This is the only marketing and manufacture India and the production is over the business of profit is now British in hand only one thing comes in mind of drainage of wealth they pay tax to the British government.

These are all the reasons that British pay money for tax and money for their government to east India company this become main benefits of permission given but they also send money to Britain so especially pay tax.
Military Revolt on 29 march 1857 behind reason become revolt because of British they invented the Enfield rifle and they use kind of grease they made of pig or cow that military refuse to use that greased cartridges. 10th may all regiment was also denied and they killed British army officers because they are large in number so they were more powerful on them and run away to Delhi on 11 May came from Meerut they induce in these all problem and movement were started they went to bahadur shah Zafar lead them. That they have their army and army chief bakht khan who was more than 84 years old he told bahadur shah that this is the biggest opportunity for us to make a change they are ready to lead them and they become symbolic. There were many revolts began by different states Lucknow on 4th June begum Hazrat mahal (w/o Nawab Wajid Ali Shah) Brijis Qadir.

SUPPRESSION OF “REVOLT”
On 21th September Delhi Hudson B.S Zafar was arrested and sent to Rangoon and his son were killed in 1852. In Lucknow send Halov Outram to control them but they cannot control but after that Collin Campbell send to kill them and then Begum Hazrat Mahal went to Nepal and Lucknow get occupied by the British and the Kanpur revolt is over won by Campbell tatyatope hanged by them and nana sahib went to Nepal in 1857 revolt has over by east India company. The reason behind the revolt

  • Politocal- Doctrine of laps.
  • socio-Religious – Christianzation of India, Religious disabilities Act 1856.
  • Economic- Drain of wealth

And India in 18th century 1757 – 1764 British kingdom established by the struggle for succession. In 1803 Aurangzeb son MD muazzam shah Alam(65yr old) fight the British won get emperor and he adopted tolerance policies with Hindu kings but those who found them struggle they try to induce the end the make friendly relationship. There are many Mughal emperors and Hindu samaras who ruled between this time. But the British kingdom was the last that occupied India.
The democracy of India is the big challenge that faced the third freedom of the nation. The Indian national movement was an organised mass movement and affected both internal and external. It led to the formation of the Indian national congress in 1885. Struggles of the country have broken the people of India by socio-Cultural, and Economic factors that led to the rise of Nationalism.
Tilak was the first leader who leads this movement. The British colonial authorities called it “The father of the Indian unrest”. He was also given a title name “Lokmanaya” as a leader and an independence activist Mahatma Gandhi called him “The Maker of Modern India”.
Indian National Congress
Tilak encouraged the swadeshi movement and the Boycott movement. The movement consisted of any Indian produce goods. there was a gap which had to be filled by the production of those goods in India itself.
Dadabhai Naroji formed the East India Association in 1867 and Surendranath Banerjee founded Indian National Association in 1876. Seventy- two Indian delegates met in Bombay in 1885 and founded the Indian National Congress.
The demands of education, awareness about the rights, freedom of speech reform and expansion of the legislative council’s development of modern capitalist industries in India.
The national movement in (1858- 1905)
Procrastination by Qween Victoria announced that now east India company will not intertwine in India British has only the power by parliament it changed the whole democracy. growth of nationalism in this index administration. It was British rule and its direct and indirect consequences that provided the material, moral and intellectual conditions for developing a national movement in India. British is the only reason for policies for their backwardness.
The first session will be held in Pune, but it’s changed for a reason and held in Bombay in Gokul das Sanskrit school and the second session Kolkatta by Dadabhai Naroji has been three-time 1886, 1893 and 1906. Total 434 delegates are standing Community and the third session in madras (1887) formed by Badruddin Tyabin. He is the third president of the Indian national congress. He declared that he had denounced all communal Muslims and bring them into the party and introduced resolution no XII at the Allahabad congress.

DOWRY

 

Dowry is a social evil in society that has
caused unimaginable tortures and crimes towards women and polluted the Indian
marital system. Dowry is payment made in cash or kind to a bride’s in-laws at
the time of her marriage.

Today the government has come up with many
laws (The Dowry Prohibition Act 1961) and reforms, not only to eradicate the
dowry system, but also to uplift the status of the girl child by bringing in
many schemes. However, owing to the social nature of this problem, the
legislation has failed to produce the desired results in our society. In order
to get rid of this problem, appealing to the social and moral consciousness of
the people, providing education and economic independence for women, and
effective enforcement of legislation against the dowry system, can help.

What People Think of Dowry System

Dowry is like suicidal bag for many people
who are not very strong financially. It should be completely stopped from all
the country wherever it is followed strongly, the government needs to take
action in this so that no more crime takes place. In the modern era of India
where people are reaching everywhere and achieving many things but still in
many populations our thinking against dowry is the same. Dowry
system varies from state to state and also on the job profile of the groom. If
we see in the north part of the country the groom having government job, doctor
or engineer than dowry is huge in terms of money, and like the south part of
the country, the bride is forced to give dowry in terms of land, jewellery and
money. We can say if you can give huge dowry you can get anyone for your
daughter. In ancient times dowry was taken only from upper caste families, but
now becoming universal for everyone. Still in India marriage
is taken as a big grand celebration from both sides of the family by calling
all the relatives and taking their complete care till the marriage happens even
if the bride is having a good job or highly educated still the bride has to
give dowry for marriage. Dowry is not voluntary which is made by the bride or
groom, it is demanded from the groom’s parents.

Why the Dowry System Should be Stopped?

The new dowry system is creating problems
in society. Poor parents do not get any groom who will marry their daughter
without taking dowry. They have to take “Marriage Loans” to get their daughter
married. Dowry is becoming a nightmare for Women. The cases of infanticide are
increasing. Poor parents do not have any other option. They cannot afford to
have a girl child, and hence they are intentionally killing infant girl. More
than 8000 women are killed because of Dowry! It is very clear that Dowry is
creating violence. Groom’s parents are misusing this pure tradition. And they
are not aware that they are misusing it, because they are not educated about
the traditional dowry system. Everyone is just following the new dowry system
blindly.

Conclusion

Dowry system is good unless and until it
is considered as a gift given to the bride by her parents. If the groom’s
parents are demanding money to get married as a “Dowry” then that is completely
wrong and illegal.

 

Small Savings for Better Future

 Small Savings

“Small drops make a great ocean” is an elixir votes cast by some to explain the benefits and benefits of saving. We will see a little explanation about that in this article.

Small Savings to Help at Risk

Man needs money to lead a normal human life. Some costs are subject to human planning. Some costs are unplanned. Take medical expenses for example. At such times some will be heartbroken. The reason is that they do not plan and save. But those with a saving habit need not worry. Because their small savings will give them a hand.

Essential Cost Savings 

The first expense that each individual or family has to make according to his or her ability in the income available to him or her is to set aside for small savings. It is a good habit to set aside a certain percentage amount for the future.

Small Savings are Security for Tomorrow’s Generation 

To any man, “Why do you live?” If asked, the answer is “for the benefit of my children.” Yes, children faith on and depend on their parents. It is the duty of parents to ensure a secure future for their children. It is savings that provide such protection.

Those who save separately for children’s education, for clothes, for marriage need not worry about anything. For that, a long-term plan and a short-term plan must be drawn up and implemented.

It is just as important to save the occasional amount of money as it is to store rainwater in dams, lakes and ponds and use it for agriculture and drinking water for a long time. 

Savings methods

Little by little we have seen people screaming that the money we save is invested in private companies with high interest rates and that there is no interest. So it is safer to save in reliable, secure post offices or in state-owned banks, rather than saving in unsafe private companies. 

We really need the habit of saving. It should be stored in more reliable places. Then our life will be happy.

Cricket – Everyone's Favorite Sport in This World

CRICKET

It is no exaggeration to say that cricket is a sport that has caught the attention of all the people of the world. Cricketers are celebrated by fans all over the world. Cricket games that are full of money and fame are loved by everyone regardless of age. 

England is the Homeland of Cricket

The game has been played in England since the early seventeenth century. Cricket was invented by the people of England especially to enjoy the summer holidays. But now it is being played in many countries all season. Public interest and involvement in this sport is increasing.

Game Mode 

It is a game of eleven on both teams. Two members of a team play with the bat, and one of the opposing team throws the ball, while the other ten members of the team fielding. If the batsman leaves according to certain rules, another member of the team will come and play. Similarly, if ten batsmen are out, the players from the opposing team will play with the bat. Throwing six balls is called an over.

Test and ODI Match

As far as cricket is concerned, Tests and ODIs are played. Test matches have been played since 1877. For the first time, England and Australia played a Test match.

The game, which lasts for five days, is often drawn without a win or a loss. So the interest of the fans is likely to decline in Test matches. Occasionally they host one-day matches.

ODIs have been played since 1971. The ODI series has been reduced from 60 overs to 50 overs at present.

Global Matches

There are global matches in cricket every year. There were also triangular tournaments in which only three countries participate. But now those matches are not taking place.

Cricket was played at the 1900 Olympic Games. Then it was dropped.

The World Cup has been held since 1975. The West Indies were the first team to win the four-yearly World Cup.

The 1983 World Cup was won by our Indian team led by Kapil Dev and brought pride to India. After Kapil Dev, India won the World Cup in 2011 ODIs under Mahendra Singh Dhoni.

Achievements that have occurred 

Australian batsman Don Bradman has amassed a record 10,000 runs in Tests. After that, India’s Sachin Tendulkar topped the list with over 10,000 runs. 

Then in the test match, Indian batsman Sunil Gavaskar became world famous by amassing a record of 10,000 runs. Currently, India’s Virat Kohli tops the list with over 10,000 runs. 

Similarly, India’s Kapil Dev took a record 400 wickets. Courtney Walsh of the West Indies then broke that record. Currently Sri Lanka’s Muttiah Muralitharan has a record of over 800 wickets.

Kapil Dev went on to captain India and amassed many victories. After him Mohammad Azharuddin amassed many victories. After all, Mahendra Singh Dhoni bought many victories for India.

The interest in cricket, which is considered to be one of the greatest sports in the world, is increasing day by day. Cricket, which was played only in the UK, has spread all over the world and is now played in more than fifteen countries. The fact is that the longer it spreads the more the nations of the world will play.

WONDERS OF SCIENCE

 

It is the age of science. There are many
wonders of science. It has made our life easier & comfortable. Science
plays an important role in our daily life. It has made dreams &
imaginations of man true. By observation of simple events, man has invented
great things. Science is nothing but a systematic way of knowledge &
living. Scientist have invented several things
& machines big & small through the observation of very simple events
water boiling in a kettle has given us the idea of railway engine, falling of
an apple from a tree has helped Newton to discover the law of gravity.
Electricity is the greatest invention of man,” It serves us in hundreds &
thousands of ways it runs our trains, Mills & factories. Electricity cools
& keeps our house warm. Modern life is impossible without electricity.  Many scientific inventions have made our life
very comfortable. Electricity is the greatest invention of science. It serves
us in many ways. Modern life is impossible without these scientific inventions.

Looking at the age when a man led a life
like a savage, we notice how far we have come. Similarly, the evolution of
mankind is truly commendable. One of the major driving forces behind this is science.
It makes you think about the wonder of science and how it has proven to be such
a boon in our lives. Most importantly, science has helped develop a great
civilization. All the advancements that man has been able to make are with the
help of science only. However, it won’t be wrong to say that science is a
two-edged sword. It comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages.
To
say that science has a lot of benefits would be an understatement. The benefits
of science do not just limit to one sphere, but it has proven useful in various
spheres of the world. When we talk about innovations in science and
engineering, electricity is the first thing that comes to mind. It has helped
power the world through its development.

Science knows no boundaries because it is
a universal subject. After years of active and persistent efforts, science
claimed to be a part of the school’s curriculum and gained recognition. Science
has proved indispensable for human existence and has revolutionized human life.

The supremacy of science has now been
established in every field and thus it is necessary to educate students on
science – what is science and where is science. The pace of our lives has also
been accelerated. The man has been given a completely new social and political
outlook.

Therefore, the study of science has become
a necessity in this era and without learning modern science, man is like a lame
person with an understanding of the modern era. Here’s why learning the wonders
of science at school level is important. Science provides
specialized teaching on observation and reasoning. It gives students a
purposeful decision. Learning science is unbeatable for our care in life. We
exist in the world of scientific inventions. Therefore, science education
cannot be ignored.

 

 

Review and Analysis of the video “Workplace Mental Health – all you need to know (for now)”

 The video “Workplace Mental Health – all you need to
know (for now)” by Tom Oxley, emphasized on the importance of
mental health at the workplace.
According to the speaker, many people working in the organizations are not able
to draw a line between their personal life and professional life.

                                                                              https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0XUimJbz44

 

 Many people look
at their phones before talking to their family in the morning or many people just
wake up suddenly at night where they still stress about work leading to
deprivation of sleep. Many people work every day, even on weekends. All these
things are early signs of stress which may have a harmful impact on the mental
health of the people working in the organization.

                                                                             

 Due to such hectic job routines, people working in organizations are so busy that
they are not able to draw a line between their personal and professional life and
maintain proper “Work life balance” where adequate working hours is followed
by adequate hours of rest and a reasonable time is given to focus both on
professional and personal life. 

                                                                                  

Absence of required “Work Life Balance” and unresolved mental health issues
creates anxiety, stress and depression in employees. It leads to increased
abseentism in the organization and such types of situations are responsible for
musculoskeletal and physical injuries of employees as well. 

                                           

                            

Unfortunately, in spite of such serious issues, people still work excessively and
not much importance is given to employees overall well being, especially mental
health.
People having poor mental health want to work the whole time and even while
doing work they tend to struggle a lot. They are not able to concentrate on the
work they are doing and have difficulty in communicating and juggling tasks.

                                                                                   

 Moreover, they face difficulty to approach their managers regarding the
problems. The people working in organizations are hesitant because they think
maybe their managers would also not understand them or they would generalize
their problem as “work stress” or they may even think that the managers could
ask them to leave the organization. Employees often feel such type of stigma by
either from their work environment or even themselves.
People working in organizations are so busy doing their work that they do not get
time off even to think about such problems and since these issues are not resolved,
the employees themselves could not explain the reason behind increased
abseentism. 

                                                                              

This is because organizations do not emphasize much on mental
health of employees as well as maintaining a “proper work life balance”.
The speaker also emphasized that they are many personal matters of employees
too which need to be taken care of but due to the “presentism” in organizations,
employees prioritize their work first making them neglect their own personal
matters and therefore work becomes a compulsion for employees. 

                                                                                         

This
“presentism” costs 1.8 times than that of abseentism.
In most cases, even the managers are not that well trained when it comes to taking
care of the mental health of employees. Since they don’t know how to converse
about it, they will tell their employees to see a doctor and be on medication, as
for the managers it’s just normal “stress”. 

                                                                                 

This method is actually quite
ineffective and the employees, who were performing well earlier, would also at
some point, not be able to manage working continuously and thus they would be
disengaged from their work. Since the issue is not resolved, they would be more
depressed and anxious. Therefore it would be recommended that before sending
employees to therapists, such problems of employees should first be resolved by
managers and for this to happen the managers need to trained, so that they can
wisely handle employee’s mental health. 

                                                                                   

For example : The speaker had interviewed two people : 

Nick who was a senior
manager at a global firm who performed very well in his work and constantly
exceeded expectations, as senior positions involve doing more work to earn more
money. When Nick’s family member died, he was only given two or three days
of compassionate leave. He wanted to have flexible time hours where he could
have holiday on Friday or weekends but his manager refused. Nick was hesitant
to speak to his manager and then went on medication. 

                                                                                      

Unfortunately, he didn’t
benefit anything and became disengaged from work and wasn’t able to come back
completely to the organization. 

On the other hand, there was another person named Sally, who was also a
successful manager worked at International Charity and same situation had
happened with her. Her family member died. But this time the situation was
different. The manager knew that it was an unfortunate incident and she knew it
would have affected Sally mentally. So, she granted Sally a reasonable leave
without forcing her to prioritize work. The manager even suggested that she can
comfortably work from home.

                                                                                  

 Many years passed and Sally still works
efficiently in the same organization and she is still a successful manager.
If we look at both the examples we can observe how it is important for the leaders,
managers and the organization as a whole to understand that “Work life balance”
is very important and the employee’s problems should be first resolved at
organizational level. 

The employees should be able to speak their grievances freely with their superiors
otherwise like Nick, an organization could lose its talented and hardworking
employees.
For this, there should be more emphasis on “mental health” of employees in the
organization. 

                                                                           

As leaders and managers, the most effective way to handle the
mental health of employees is to be a patient listener to the employee’s problems.
They should talk about mental health in a positive manner, giving employees an
opportunity to seek help as and when they need.
A leader should take initiative to train managers regarding mental health, to help
the managers identify the signs and symptoms whenever employees are facing
such kind if issues. They should be trained to be a patient listener. They should
be trained to understand the situation in depth and use the right words and advice
accordingly.

                                                                                    

 The organization should also focus on a reasonable “Work life
balance” to ensure employees physical and emotional well being.
The leaders as well as managers should be very supportive to their employees.
One more effective way to handle the mental health of employees is to see
problem and the stressed and anxious feelings from their perspective and then to
think what method could resolve the problem.

                                                                                     

 Reaching out as a helping hand to
employees is another great solution. The employees would then comfortably tell
what is bothering them and then the problems can be written down and reasonable
adjustments could also be made accordingly. Mindful meditation could also be
encouraged. 

                                                                                  

Conclusion

In conclusion, employees of any organization want the commitment of its
superiors that they can speak safely and comfortably about any mental issues or
grievances that they are facing. So, an employer and a leader need to make sure
that the employees can find a safe and comfortable place where they can talk
about their grievances freely without any hesitation.

                                                                                      

                                                                                   

 If the organization does not understand the importance of mental health now, all
the stress and anxiety would have a negative impact on employees just like Nick.
It would lead to increased abseentism of employees and the employees would
eventually be disengaged from work, exhibiting low productivity and then the
organizations would eventually have to lose its talented employees. So,
organizations should consider using its resources to focus more on the mental
employees as well. After all, the prosperity of organization depends on the
prosperity of employees.

Knowing about Organizational behavior through the movie "EK RUKA HUA FAISLA "

 Introduction

The
movie “EK RUKA HUA FAISLA” is an Indian Film, year 1986, was directed by Mr.Basu
Chatterjee. The film is a remake of an American movie “12 Angry Men”. The movie
is a closed room drama of a murder trial where one dissenting juror in a murder
trial tries to influence the verdict with his personal prejudices and biases.

                                                                                 

 Synopsis


Ek Ruka
Hua Faisla starts in a courtroom where a teenage boy from a slum stands trial
for stabbing his father to death. The Judge instructs the Jury to come to a
decision on whether they find the boy guilty of the crime or not. If found
guilty, the boy will be awarded a death sentence. The evidences against the boy
look irrefutable.

                                                                         

 The twelve member jury shuts itself in a closed room to
discuss the case. As the jury members get acquainted with each other, it
becomes evident that nearly all of them have already decided that the boy is
guilty and are in a hurry to get over with the formalities quickly and get back
to their routine lives.

                                                                               

However, during
the first round of vote, Juror #8 votes ‘not guilty’ as he believes that there
is too much at stake to pronounce the boy guilty without discussing all the
aspects of the crime in detail. There is a heated discussion among the jury
members, they are annoyed because the case which they had decided was open and
shut is being prolonged. 

It is clear that most of the jurors are biased which
is influencing their sense of judgement. How a small doubt in the mind of one
person slowly begins to create conflict in the mind of the 11 other jurors can
be seen with every round of voting.  

 

Slowly
emotions of the jurors become intense when they begin to relate the case with
some aspects of their personal lives. Their anger increases leading them to
shout at each other and even get violent as shown by Juror who lunges at
Juror #8 yelling, “I will kill you”. Juror #10 exhibits the contempt he in
general has for the slum dwellers and clearly showing in his rage how this bias
is clouding his judgement. It then comes out that Juror #3’s contempt for the
boy has arisen from the poor treatment he has received from his own son. He
finally breaks down and changes his vote to ‘not guilty’.

 

The
characters in the movie are many layered. Their appearances hide inner
turmoil.  Slowly the characters’
strengths, weaknesses, fear, beliefs, prejudices and grudges are revealed. Each
aspect of the case is meticulously thought over, the jurors even act out the
scenes of the crime in an attempt to understand the truth of the case.

The
audience witnesses drastic change in the Characters, the seemingly weak showing
strength of character, while those who appeared to be tough and immovable at
the beginning of the movie crack up, expose their vulnerability. This film is a
very good analysis of human psychology, the power of influencing and the
complexities of the human mind.


Knowing about Organizational behavior through the movie 

In
context of Organizational Behavior, the film is a perfect example that depicts
group shift, group think, cohesiveness and social loafing.

 

Social
loafing, according to Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge and Neharika Vohra in their book ” Organizational Behavior 16 e ” ,  is the tendency for individuals
to put less effort when working collectively than working individually.

                                                                                 

 For
example:  When all jurors were discussing
about the case in depth and detail, there was juror was drawing something
on paper. All the jurors were asked to give their opinions one by one and when
his turn came, he did not know what was going on and whenever voting took place
to determine who is in the favor of accused person being guilty or not, since
he did not pay any attention and did not put in any effort, he changed his vote
according to the majority.

 The
second instance of social loafing which we can see is that when juror #7 was
keen on watching movie and he made many attempts to finish the discussion as
soon as possible. Even he changed his vote according to majority.

The third
instance of social loafing that we can see is when the discussion continued between
juror  and juror #7 and another juror
were playing tic tac toe.


According to Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge and Neharika Vohra in their book ” Organizational Behavior 16 e ” , Groupthink is a process in which the norm for consensus
overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action.

                                                                         

 For
example: From the very beginning of the movie except juror #8 all other jurors
had already made up their minds that the accused is guilty without having any
deliberation. They wanted to get over with the discussion as soon as possible. For
them this was merely a formality. They did not think about the possibilities
that the accused could be innocent.

 All of them had a common mindset that the
boy was expert in using knives, there were three witnesses , one old man who
had seen him shouting at his father “I will kill you”, a woman who had seen the
boy stabbing his father to death and his friends who confessed that the knife at
the crime scene was exactly like the knife the boy possessed. 

One juror recalled
that when the accused was asked his whereabouts at the time of the murder, the
accused claimed to be watching a movie but was unable to recollect the name to
the movie. All these factors proved that the accused was guilty.

 Since
they wanted to end the discussion as soon as possible and all the circumstances
pointed towards the culprit as being the murderer, except juror 8, all had a
consensus which overrode the realistic approach or the alternative approach,
that is there is a possibility that the accused is innocent. 

The had already
come to a conclusion based on the facts that were visible to them until juror #8
by carefully discussing each and every aspect and possibility related to the
case became successful in convincing each juror that the accused is innocent
which is lead to “group shift”.

 

Group
shift means a change between a group’s
decision and an individual decision that a member within the group would make,
the shift can be toward either conservatism or greater risk but it is generally
is toward a more extreme version of the group’s original position.

                                                                            

For
example:

There are
many instances where one can experience group shift during the course of the
movie. When juror #8 was opposed by juror since juror believed that since
the accused had shouted that he would kill his father in itself is proof enough
that he is guilty, juror #8 cleverly provoked juror so much that juror
threatened to kill juror #8. 

                                                                           

Juror #8 pointed out that the threat was only
words and juror did not actually mean to kill him. Juror #8 pointed out at
the possibility that the since accused was ill treated by his father and was
slapped by him, he would have uttered the words out of anger, but in reality
had no intention of killing his father. This convinced Juror #9 who changed his
vote to ‘not guilty’.

 

The
second instance which we can site is when juror #8 was trying to convince was
that there is a possibility that the old man did not recognize or hear the so
called voice of the accused properly. According to the old man, he heard the
accused yelling and then as soon as he woke up, he saw the accused running and
all this happened in 15 seconds. Juror #8 tried pointed out that the old man
had an injured leg and was unable to stand in court without help.  

Juror #8 had procured a map of the old man’s
house which showed that the distance between the old man’s room and the stairs
was 40 meters. Juror #8 demonstrated that even when the old man would have
walked fast with an injured leg he would have reached the stairs only after 40
seconds.

 Therefore, it was quite possible that the old man had heard the
accused and his father fighting some time previously. At the time of the
incident the old man had only heard the victim scream and fall, maybe also the
sounds of the running footsteps and had assumed that it was the accused. With
this juror #5, juror , Juror #6 and Juror were convinced and they also changed
their vote to ‘not guilty’.

 

Supporting
Juror #8, Juror had raised a question, that in the report it was stated the
victim had been stabbed from upward to downward direction. He doubted that the
difference in heights of the victim and accused did not make it feasible for
the accused to do so. Juror was adamant and demonstrated that this was
possible on Juror #8. 

5 of the jurors
were convinced. It was juror #5 who informed everyone in the room that the
knife was of a special kind and is used by a special technique that is
downwards to upwards. To prove this he informed that he had been born in this
area and had been stabbed in the similar manner. Seeing his scar, juror
voted for not guilty.

 

The
incident which lead to a complete group shift was when juror demanded a
reason to refute the claim made by the woman witness. The woman had stated that
she had seen the boy stab his father through the windows of the last two
coaches of a local train which passed between her and their window.  During the trail the woman had been
continuously rubbing her nose which was attributed to a weak eye sight by Juror
#9 when he saw Juror doing  the same
thing.

 

It was
concluded that the woman’s eyesight was weak and did not wear spectacles out of
vanity. It was without doubt that she would not have seen the boy committing
the crime clearly.  Again Juror and
Juror changed their vote to ‘not guilty’. Juror #10 and Juror #7 changed their
vote in conformity to the majority.

 

 

Only Juror
was adamant till the end that the boy was guilty of the crime. On being
repeatedly questioned, he broke down and disclosed that his judgement was
colored because he himself faced ill treatment at the hands of his son. The
others reasoned with him that the boy that juror is trying to punish is not
his son and in all likely hood is innocent and therefore has the right to live.
Juror finally agreed to set aside his prejudices and voted ‘not guilty’.

 

We can see
a classic case of group shift that took place from one person (juror 8) who
voted ‘not guilty’ and the rest voting ‘guilty’ to a shift where all the 12
jurors are convinced that the accused person is not guilty.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Groupthink is a process in which the norm for consensus
overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action.

 

For
example: From the very beginning of the movie except juror #8 all other jurors
had already made up their minds that the accused is guilty without having any
deliberation. They wanted to get over with the discussion as soon as possible. For
them this was merely a formality. They did not think about the possibilities
that the accused could be innocent. All of them had a common mindset that the
boy was expert in using knives, there were three witnesses , one old man who
had seen him shouting at his father “I will kill you”, a woman who had seen the
boy stabbing his father to death and his friends who confessed that the knife at
the crime scene was exactly like the knife the boy possessed. One juror recalled
that when the accused was asked his whereabouts at the time of the murder, the
accused claimed to be watching a movie but was unable to recollect the name to
the movie. All these factors proved that the accused was guilty.

 

Since
they wanted to end the discussion as soon as possible and all the circumstances
pointed towards the culprit as being the murderer, except juror 8, all had a
consensus which overrode the realistic approach or the alternative approach,
that is there is a possibility that the accused is innocent. The had already
come to a conclusion based on the facts that were visible to them until juror #8
by carefully discussing each and every aspect and possibility related to the
case became successful in convincing each juror that the accused is innocent
which is lead to “group shift”.

 

Group
shift means a change between a group’s
decision and an individual decision that a member within the group would make,
the shift can be toward either conservatism or greater risk but it is generally
is toward a more extreme version of the group’s original position.

 

For
example:

There are
many instances where one can experience group shift during the course of the
movie. When juror #8 was opposed by juror since juror believed that since
the accused had shouted that he would kill his father in itself is proof enough
that he is guilty, juror #8 cleverly provoked juror so much that juror
threatened to kill juror #8. Juror #8 pointed out that the threat was only
words and juror did not actually mean to kill him. Juror #8 pointed out at
the possibility that the since accused was ill treated by his father and was
slapped by him, he would have uttered the words out of anger, but in reality
had no intention of killing his father. This convinced Juror #9 who changed his
vote to ‘not guilty’.

 

The
second instance which we can site is when juror #8 was trying to convince was
that there is a possibility that the old man did not recognise or hear the so
called voice of the accused properly. According to the old man, he heard the
accused yelling and then as soon as he woke up, he saw the accused running and
all this happened in 15 seconds. Juror #8 tried pointed out that the old man
had an injured leg and was unable to stand in court without help.  Juror #8 had procured a map of the old man’s
house which showed that the distance between the old man’s room and the stairs
was 40 meters. Juror #8 demonstrated that even when the old man would have
walked fast with an injured leg he would have reached the stairs only after 40
seconds. Therefore, it was quite possible that the old man had heard the
accused and his father fighting some time previously. At the time of the
incident the old man had only heard the victim scream and fall, maybe also the
sounds of the running footsteps and had assumed that it was the accused. With
this juror #5, juror , Juror #6 and Juror were convinced and they also changed
their vote to ‘not guilty’.

 

Supporting
Juror #8, Juror had raised a question, that in the report it was stated the
victim had been stabbed from upward to downward direction. He doubted that the
difference in heights of the victim and accused did not make it feasible for
the accused to do so. Juror was adamant and demonstrated that this was
possible on Juror #8.  5 of the jurors
were convinced. It was juror #5 who informed everyone in the room that the
knife was of a special kind and is used by a special technique that is
downwards to upwards. To prove this he informed that he had been born in this
area and had been stabbed in the similar manner. Seeing his scar, juror
voted for not guilty.

 

The
incident which lead to a complete group shift was when juror demanded a
reason to refute the claim made by the woman witness. The woman had stated that
she had seen the boy stab his father through the windows of the last two
coaches of a local train which passed between her and their window.  During the trail the woman had been
continuously rubbing her nose which was attributed to a weak eye sight by Juror
#9 when he saw Juror doing  the same
thing.

 

It was
concluded that the woman’s eyesight was weak and did not wear spectacles out of
vanity. It was without doubt that she would not have seen the boy committing
the crime clearly.  Again Juror and
Juror changed their vote to ‘not guilty’. Juror #10 and Juror #7 changed their
vote in conformity to the majority.

 

 

Only Juror
was adamant till the end that the boy was guilty of the crime. On being
repeatedly questioned, he broke down and disclosed that his judgement was
coloured because he himself faced ill treatment at the hands of his son. The
others reasoned with him that the boy that juror is trying to punish is not
his son and in all likely hood is innocent and therefore has the right to live.
Juror finally agreed to set aside his prejudices and voted ‘not guilty’.

 

We can see
a classic case of group shift that took place from one person (juror 8) who
voted ‘not guilty’ and the rest voting ‘guilty’ to a shift where all the 12
jurors are convinced that the accused person is not guilty.

Valuing Friendship!

 

Often, there are times when we all get busy with our office work or in order to become a successful person, we  all just  forget to enjoy our life, or to just to something relaxing for ourselves . We tend to forget the happy memories we made with our friends at school and college! 

According to my opinion balancing out personal and professional life is very important. We all should know how to manage our personal relationships as well which includes friendship!

Personal opinion on friendship

Friendship, according to me is
derived from two words; “friend” and “ship”.

A ship sails
forward even if the weather condition is bad. Similarly, friendship means
having friends living on a ship. There are some pirates who are there on the
same ship but they have their own personal motives such as finding treasure. 

                                                                       

                                                                 

Such type of pirates may flatter their captain to achieve their purpose, but in
times of need they might jump from the ship or join hands with another ship, knowing
that they shamelessly betrayed their comrades. In friendship too, there might
be some people who would be there with you in order to fulfil their “greed” but
they won’t be there in times of “your need”.

                                                                     

There are
some pirates who are not close to each other but their loyalty to their captain
is unquestionable. Although, not close but they are still willing to give their
lives for their captain and for the safety of other comrades. These people
would never betray their team members, although they don’t express themselves
much, but their actions always speak louder than the words. 

                                                                      

                                                                           

                                                                      

Friendship
also works in a similar manner. There are some friends who do not have a
special kind of emotional bond but loyalty connects them till death. Here, we
can say that loyalty   is that component of friendship which brings a
sense of belonging to these people. It is due to this factor that such kinds of
people are always there for each other.

There are
some pirates having different interests, morals, preferences but still no
outsider can separate them because they have already accepted each other and
rather than having quarrel, they prefer to “grow” on each other’s differences. 

                                                                        

If
we talk about friendship, it does not necessarily mean that it involves
interaction between two people having similar interests. Different people
having different cultures, ethics, morals and values and personality also have
a strong bond. 

This is because they accept each other for differences;
understand each other and grow with each other. There are times that such kind
of friends have such a strong emotional connection that they can find out the
sadness behind the smiles and the love behind their anger.

                                                                        

Excluding,
the first category of friends, the second and third category of friends show the
true meaning of friendship. These people are the heart and soul of the ship
because of which the ship sails forward. These kinds of people, even though
they are distant or far apart, they will always be connected and will always be
there for each other.


                                                                    

Friendship
means being loyal, having respect for each other, enjoying with each other,
having good times together and fighting together when the storm comes. It means
accepting and understanding each other’s differences and growing on those
differences. It means to be there for each other even though you are distant.
It means to care for each other, to love each other and having an unbreakable
trust. If two people have an unbreakable trust, no one can separate them. 

                                                                         

                                                                     

This
is because even if an outsider tries to break their bond, those two people
won’t need each other’s explanations because they know each other two well.
Last but not the least, Friendship does not involve explanations and
misunderstandings but it involves forgiving each other and growing with each
other, laughing with each other and always being there for each other!

 

 

 

EXAM STRESS

 

The World Health Organization (WHO)
defines adolescence as the period of life between 10-19 years. Adolescence is
said to be a period of stress and strain. Adolescents are a special group
because of their developmental stage and the special problems. Examination in
school or college is a part of academic life. The incidence of exam anxiety has
risen from 27% in 2009 to almost 40% in 2010 among all the calls received.
Examination stress is better prevented than treated. A systematic, persistent,
organized, planned and regular effort from the beginning of the academic
session is the best method for any adolescent to prevent anxiety related to
examination.

Exam stress is a problem that affects the
majority of students. It is often claimed that the less stressed students are
the better they pass their exams. In this essay I will discuss two possible
approaches that could be taken into consideration by schools and universities
in order to help young people during the exam period.

Firstly, educational institutions could
create special courses so as to help students revise all the necessary information.
There is no doubt that many young people do not pay enough attention to
revision, so teachers should provide such courses in order to reduce stress
level and make sure the youngsters are fully prepared. Another
method could be to give students more opportunities for relaxing. As an option,
some cultural activities could be provided in order to distract the youngsters
from their studies. I believe that young people need to understand the
importance of relaxation while studying. Not only could these activities help
them to relax, but students could also learn something new and useful.

Students often feel stressed when
preparing for examinations due to pressure from school and family due to
constant competition and comparison with peer group and good performers.
Managing this stress is a big concern among young pupils. In order to make
children get higher academic results parents criticize children by comparing
with better performers in family, friends and society, which makes students
panic about exam. Parents force children to study with no relaxation time resulting
in an atmosphere where students panic, feel neglected and eventually fall
emotionally collapsed. Students when unable to meet the expectations of the
parents and pressure from society to be best, lower the self confidence in them
and start to develop a feeling of insecurity and also suffer from depression
and other mental health problems. A further cause in exam
stress could be due to negligence and over confidence which leads to
consequences such as lack of preparation time and deviation by distraction
while studying. Every child has a unique way to understand things and the
pedagogy of teaching plays an important role in developing knowledge among students.
Difficult task, over loaded homework, continuous exams cause internal pressure
on the other hand it leads to demotivation, overwhelming situations resulting
to lose focus in studying. Students spent more than five hours on social media,
which is the main reason in deviation from studying.

Here are some tips to help exam day go
smoothly:

Work out what you need to take with you on
exam day and organise this the night before.

Eat a good, light breakfast – this will
help with energy and concentration.

If you feel yourself getting worried
before your exam – spend some time focusing on your breathing.

When you sit down to do your exam, take
time to slow your breathing and relax.

Read through the exam paper carefully.
Underline key words and instructions.

Work out how long you have for each
question or section.

Role of GST and its Impact on Indian Economy

 

Introduction to
GST


Goods and Services Tax replaced many Indirect Taxes in
India w.e.f. 01.07.2017 and is levied on the supply of goods and services. It
is much needed Tax reform which will lay path to aligning the Indian Economy
and the Indian Accounting standards with the International systems and
standards. It is the biggest Tax reform in India based on “One Nation, One
Market, One Tax”.


                                                                                  


Impact
of GST on Indian Economy

The instant impact of GST was that it resulted in fall
in the GDP. People were not prepared for the enormous change in the tax
structure. The Indian GST system is extremely complicated and requiring
specialized systems and softwares and many small businesses were forced to take
expensive services of professionals because understanding and handling GST is
beyond their capacities. The implementation of GST was neither effective nor
efficient with many changes taking place ion the framework and policies
continuously. 


With the coming in Force of GST there was an initial set back to
the Indian Economy. With the passage of time things are  improving, the processes have smoothened out.
The GDP is slowly recovering and improving. Gradually there is a steady
increase in the FDI and people migrating to India. On the flip side for a
common man at the micro level GST will translate into the common man paying
more taxes. There is also an increase in the cost of compliances for smaller
businesses which will translate into higher cost of production.



                                                                                 

Advantages of GST

 

GST has replaced about 16 different types of taxes which
were paid by Indian Businesses.  This has
reduced the burden on the tax payer in terms of no need to  file different returns for different taxes.
Hiring different professionals for different taxes. Compliances reduced because
one ACT one Rule has to followed. For the Government it has resulted in faster
detection of tax frauds and faster recovery mechanism by the government because
now various departments like (Sales Tax, Excise etc.) are unified under one
department of GST.


                                                                           

                                                                           

    

Down side of GST

 

In other countries like Singapore and Australia GST
works under a single tax rate which means that all the goods and services are
taxed under a single rate. However, in India the there are five tax slabs (nil,
5%, 12%, 18% and 28%) with 3 rates (IGST, CGST and SGST) because the single tax
slab will not work in the Indian economy since we follow the concept of
equitable distribution instead of equal distribution to ensure that tax
benefits are passed on maximum to the poorer sections of the society.


 The GST
common portal is still not equipped to handle traffic of more than 50 lac users
at a time resulting in huge glitches. Petroleum products and Alcohol have yet
not been covered under GST resulting in benefits not being passed on to the
customers in case of fall in the global crude oil prices.


Role of GST in the future of Indian Economy

 

It is anticipated that the Indian Economy will reap
benefits of GST which is the biggest Tax reform in Indian History in the long
run. With the removal of cascading effect of taxes, reducing and lowering tax
rates, single tax net in operation it is estimated that the prices will greatly
reduce leading to decrease in inflation. Due to its wide nature and since
the entire functioning of the GST is IT based monitoring and curbing of Tax
evasions will become very easy. This will result in increase of the revenue of
the Government. 


The entire economic operations of the country will be
streamlined and fine tuned to become an extremely efficient system. Red – tapism
and harassment at the hands of the Tax officials will be greatly reduced.
Fiscal Deficit will be kept in check. Exports are bound to increase due to
increase in the production capacities. Indian Industry will attract larger
number of FDIs and all in all the Indian Economy will see an upward growth
trend.


 Over the last few months it has been observed that the already volatile
stock market becomes extremely sensitive when any changes in the GST rate,
structure or policies are made for a particular industry. Therefore GST has
become a crucial factor in determining the net worth in an industry.


                                                                               



Conclusion


It is believed that GST which is the
biggest Tax reform of India will have positive impact on the Economy in the
long run with making it simpler with fewer tax slabs, reducing compliances and
streamlining and smoothening the implementation.




 

Demonetization : A broader perspective

 

Introduction to
Demonetization

 

Demonetization happed on 8th November,
2016 when the Indian Government declared that the Rs.500/- and Rs.1000/-
currency notes were not longer legal tenders. The move was sudden which stunned
the Indian Economy where there is a parallel cash economy operating at all
times. It is estimated that 86% of the currency was pulled out of Circulation.
The Government claimed that this was a necessary step to curb Black money and
rampant counterfeit currency which was used to fund illegal and dangerous
activities like terrorism. The suddenness of the scheme had huge side effects.


                                                                                        

                                                                                 

 

Impact
of Demonetization on Indian Economy

 Demonetization had a negative impact on the Indian
Economy. It largely did not deliver its promises. No fruitful gain was observed
for the Indian Economy. Demonetization adversely affected small operations and
businesses so much so that many of the businesses were not able to recover and
were forced to shut down. The entire operation and implementation was extremely
ill timed and planned.

 People  lost work
hours because they were forced to stand in long ques outside banks to either exchange the old currency that
they had or procure new currency. 86% of the cash currency was pulled out of
the system resulting in the industry to come to a grinding halt. There was a
sudden dip in GDP of the country. Many economists claimed that it will take
at least 2 years for the economy of the country to recover.  The Government was not prepared to tackle the
situation. 

The new currency was way short in supply as compared to the demand.
The cost of withdrawal of the currency and printing and issue of new currency was
greater than the benefits claimed. The Government has till date not quantified
or published data for the benefit of the public to clarify the benefits derived
from demonetization.

                                                                                

Advantages of Demonetization

 

Advantages of Demonetization ‘claimed’ have been removal
of black money and breaking the back of Terrorist and illegal activities in
India. There is no substantial proof of this being achieved by Demonetization.
However, the citizens of the country have moved towards cashless economy.
During the initial period inflation rate went down with the prices of
commodities declining. 


Banking operations have become stronger, their lending
portfolio has increased from MSME’s and small businesses. People are better equipped
with handling virtual money instead of paper currency. Also, the month of
November, 2016 saw maximum collections by the Government, Municipal and Civil
bodies in terms over due and advance taxes and utility bills. Example: The
Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation reported collecting about 160 crores in
cash payments of outstanding and advance taxes, within first four days of
demonetization.

  

                                                                                   

                                                                             

     


Down side of Demonetization

 

There was a definite slow down of the economy. Many
sectors were hit hard like real estate and automobile. Agriculture sector was
worst hit because it is 80% cash based. Resentment was there because of the
poor planning and implementation.

According to RBI 99.3% of the
currency which was in the market came back into the banking system which is
interpreted as either there was very little black money in the market or the
entire exercise was futile as all the black money has been laundered and is
back into the system. Many are also of the view that the newly introduced Rs.2000/-
currency note will increase the presence of black money because of ease of
storage and hoarding. 


                                                                            

Conclusion

According to the Industry
Professionals, Demonetization was a step that should have been avoided since it
had negative impact on the Indian Economy and did not reap any substantial
benefits. 

Introduction and Role of a Bank in Financial Inclusion In India

 

History of Financial Inclusion

Financial Inclusion came into light in 2005 when Mr.Y.V
Reddy, Governor of The Reserve Bank of India, coined the term ‘Financial
Inclusion’ that gained a lot of momentum. In 2008, under the leadership of Mr C
.Rangarajan, RBI governor, a committee was formed, where financial inclusion
was acknowledged and recognized.

                                                                                

Meaning of Financial Inclusion

Financial Inclusion means making available the financial
services to the last strata of the people, living in the remote villages, at a
low cost. The purpose is to provide financial services to the poor people, for
their benefit and inclusive growth. Most of the people in India are residing in
remote villages without any access to financial and banking services.

                                                                             

Why there is a need for Financial Inclusion?

The poor and illiterate, believe that they have no other
option but to borrow money from ‘Unlicensed people’. These unlicensed people
comprise of moneylenders, sahukars etc, who lend money at exorbitant interest
rates, taking undue advantage and making their lives of the borrower miserable.

                                                                              

Role of a Bank in Financial Inclusion In India

In order to prevent exploitation of the underprivileged,
Government of India implemented the concept of financial inclusion. For its
execution, banks were asked to provide a platform to financially weaker
sections of the society so that all financial services are available to them at
lower or reasonable cost. This includes all financial services whether it be
banking services, loan/credit facilities, deposit facilities etc.


                                                                            

Conclusion

Growth of Urban Sector does not conclude the existence
of inclusive growth. The economic growth of a country can be achieved only when
the benefits and opportunities of financial services are accessible to every
section of society.

Financial inclusion includes
provision of banking services such as opening of bank accounts for savings and
transactional purposes, insurance facilities, financial advisory services and
equity products to the underprivileged at reasonable cost. This will ensure
that the poor sections of the country also get and enjoy the same benefits as
urban segment ensuring country’s growth.