Jeff Bezos will fly on the first passenger flight of his space company Blue Origin, which the company plans to launch on July 20, the billionaire announced Monday.
“I want to go on this flight because it’s the thing I’ve wanted to do all my life,” Bezos said in a video posted to his Instagram.
Bezos’ brother Mark will join him, as will the winner of an auction being held for one of the seats. The highest bid stands at $2.8 million as of Monday morning, five days before the auction closes.
“I wasn’t even expecting him to say that he was going to be on the first flight,” Mark Bezos said in the video. “What a remarkable opportunity, not only to have this adventure but to do it with my best friend.”
Jeff Bezos takes a look at the New Shepard rocket booster on the landing pad after a successful NS-15 flight and landing in April 2021.
New Shepard is designed to carry up to six people on a ride past the edge of space, with the capsules on previous test flights reaching an altitude of more than 340,000 feet (more than 100 kilometers). The capsule has massive windows to give passengers a view, spending a few minutes in zero gravity before returning to Earth.
Jeff Bezos opens the hatch of the New Shepard capsule after a test flight in April 2021.Blue Origin
The rocket launches vertically, with the booster detaching and returning to land at a concrete pad nearby. The capsule’s return is slowed by a set of parachutes, before softly landing in the desert.
“To see the Earth from space, it changes you,” the Amazon CEO said. “It’s an adventure; it’s a big deal for me.”
UEFA has charged England after a laser pointer was aimed at Denmark’s Kasper Schmeichel in the Three Lions’ Euro 2020 semi-final win.
The goalkeeper had a laser shone in his face before he saved Harry Kane’s extra-time penalty, although Kane scored the rebound to earn England a 2-1 victory on Wednesday.
England have also been charged with “disturbance caused by its supporters during the national anthem” after home fans booed the Denmark national anthem and the lighting of fireworks inside Wembley.
The case will be dealt with by the UEFA Control, Ethics and Disciplinary Body.
England came from behind after Mikkel Damsgaard’s free kick gave Denmark the lead.
Simon Kjaer’s own goal levelled for Gareth Southgate’s side and Kane booked England’s first major tournament final for 55 years when he followed up his missed penalty after Raheem Sterling was tripped by Joakim Maehle.
The Three Lions now play Italy at Wembley on Sunday aiming to win their first major trophy since lifting the World Cup in 1966.
The news comes amid a petition to get the game replayed.
The England penalty, which was deemed ‘soft’ by the Italian media and many others, has led one particularly salty individual to set up a petition to UEFA with change.org to try and get the match replayed.
The ‘Rematch England vs Denmark’ petition started by Cris Pinto reads: ‘We wish to overule the penalty decision against Denmark. It was a wrong call, there needs to be contact for a penalty and there was absolutely no contact. If this is not overuled, it would show a failure by UEFA and the beautiful game of football.’
Peter Schmeichel was also angry over the call which cost Denmark.
“He made a really big mistake on the penalty and this will be debated for a long, long time. It’s a hard one to take because it’s not a penalty,” he said.
“I would have been much more relaxed and acceptable if they had scored one of the many chances that they created, but unfortunately, the referee made a big mistake in my opinion.
“I know in your opinion and everyone’s opinion – my phone has not stopped going off – everyone else is saying it’s not a penalty so I’m quite sure that I’m right.
“We are very proud of the Danish team. We think the Danish team has done fantastically well. We leave the tournament with honour and England go on to play Italy in the final.
“They have had a really good tournament. It’s the first time, today, they have played against very, very top, tough opposition and in the end they came good.”
The stock market or the share market comprises of buyers and sellers of shares. The shares can be traded over private or public platforms. Investors who buy shares of any institution, are conferred ownership to a certain part of the institution. A company can build its market capitalization through its outstanding shares. There are various financial intermediaries that act as middlemen by overseeing the financial transactions made between two parties, such as banks, insurance, stock exchanges.
India has two stock exchanges -the NSE and the BSE. The stock market provides the pricing information resulting from the financial transactions, between the buyers and the sellers, of the market. The stock market is regulated by SEBI which is a regulatory body that issues guidelines to intermediaries and companies regarding the securities and capital, with the motive of ensuring the interests of the investors are protected. The BSE is one of the oldest stock exchanges in Asia and has a market capitalization of $3 trillion dollars. The BSE constitutes the indices of BSE SENSEX, S&P BSE Smallcap, Midcap and Largecap, BSE 500. The NSE is a government owned stock exchange also having a market capitalization rate of $3 trillion. The NSE considers the indices of NIFTY 50, NIFTY Next 50, NIFTY 500.
The stock market ensures liquidity by providing a mechanism for an investor to sell their financial assets. The comprisal of the stock market ranges from small companies to large companies. Small individual investors or large investing firms can invest in any stocks from any of the stock exchanges in the world. Today, stocks are traded over electronic platforms, making it convenient for investors to look up at stock prices, analyze their perceptions according to the price indices and invest. Back in the days, stocks were traded through brokers using physical mediums, like certificates or paper receipts, which involved more complexity in contrast to the advancing technology of today’s world.
The stock market exhibits both the primary market and the secondary market. The primary market offers new shares to the investors, the sale of securities to the public can be facilitated by underwriting institutions such as bank. In the secondary market the shares that are already in the public domain or with the investors, are traded with buyers and sellers. The investors in the secondary market trade stock with each other rather than with any issuing firm.
There are two types of offerings of shares to the public -IPO and FPO. IPO are initial offerings of shares to the public done via primary market. FPO are follow on public offerings wherein an issuance of additional shares is done by a company after IPO. The prices of the shares offered in IPO are fixed, while the price of shares in FPO is deemed based on their market value.
Some companies have dividend payments which is a sort of reward to the investors for investing in their business. Dividends are the distributions of a company’s earnings to its shareholders.
Today, investors have an option for a better portfolio management, as investors can manage their risk by diversifying their investments among various financial instruments. Building a proper portfolio requires proper analysis of stock, bond or any other commodity and can bring in profits to the investor.
Cotopaxi is located in the Cordillera Central mountain range of Central Ecaudor and is one of the world’s tallest volcanoes, with a height of 19,393 feet. The active volcano hs produced more than 50 eruptions since the 16th century. The 1877 eruption was the most violent, producing mudflows – hot mixtures of water, rock, sand, and mud moving down the flanks of a volcano and running away from it – that travelled 60 miles from the volcano and into the Pacific Ocean. The most recent eruption was back in 1904. The volcano is close to densely populated area of Ecuador, the results would be devastating if it indeed erupt today.
Popocatepetl, Mexico
Popocatepetl is North America’s second highest volcano, located only 40 miles southeat of Mexico City, which is one of the largest urban areas in the world, with a huge population. There haven’t been any massive eruptions, there have been periods of activity throughout history, and in 1994, smoke poured from the volcano for the frst time in 1000 years. However, scientists predict there will be a massive eruption eventually but just don’t know when it will happen.
Mount Vesuvius, Italy
Mount Vesuvius is the volcano responsible for the destruction of the city of Pompeii back in A.D. 79. In the last 17,000 years, there have been some major explosive eruptions that preceded large pyroclastic flows – fast moving streams of extremely hot gas and volcanic matter that can reach speeds up to 430 miles per hour. The last known eruption was in 1944. The volcano is close to the city of Napels.
Kelud Volcano, Indonesia
Kelud is one of the most active volcanoes in Eats Java. It has a large crater that contains a lake, made from devastating mudflows. One of the worst explosions happened in 1919, when the crater lake drained and formed mudflows that killed more than 5,000 people. A destructive explosion in February 2014 destroyed the lava dome and produced a huge ash column that drifted over the Indian Ocean.
Mount Merapi, Indonesia
Mount Merapi, is located near the center of the island of Java, and stands 9,551 feet tall. One of the largest recorded eruptions happened in 1006 and spread ash throughout Java. One of the risks with the volcano is the pyroclastic flow, which killed 64 during a eruption in 1994. There were also several eruptions in late 2010, that claimed more lives and had tens of thousands evacuated.
Mount Pinatubo, Philippines
Mount Pinatuba, is located in western Luzon in the Philippines, and sits about 55 miles northwest of Manila and has a height of about 4,800 feet. A major eruption took place in 1991, after nearly 600 years. It caused 700 deaths and left about 100,000 people homeless.
The 2020 Olympic games are scheduled to take place in the Japanese Capital between 23 July and 8 August. The Paralympic Games are between 24 August and 5 September. The games were postponed last year because of Covid. The Olumpics will feature 33 sports at 339 events across 42 venues. The Paralympics will feature 22 sports at 539 events across 21 venues.
Covid in Japan: A new wave of infections began in April, but overall the country has had relatively low case numbers. As at start of July, there have been 800,000 confirmed cases and 14,802 deaths. Only just over 8% of Japan’s population of nearly 126 million people is fully vaccinated
Entry to Japan by foreigners from 159 countries is currently banned. No fans from around the world can travel to the games. Up to 10,000 Japanese fans will be permitted to attend, providing crowds do not exceed 50% of a venue’s capacity. They must wear mask at all times.
Covid measures : International atheletes and support staff will be tested before departure and on arrival in Japan. They won’t necessarily have to quarantine, but must stay in bubbles and avoid mixing with locals. Athletes of Great Britain may have to quarantine as there is a surge in number of cases in UK. The athletes also don’t have to be vaccinated. Participants will be tested for Covid daily. However, two members of the Ugandan delgation have tested positive in Japan.
People’s opinion : A recent poll in the leading Asahi Shimbun newspaper suggested more than 80% of the population want them cancelled or postponed. Several towns set to host the athletes have reportedly pulled out because of fears about Covid and extra pressure on the healthcare system.
Olympics be cancelled? : It is possible to cancel the Olympics nut only under very exceptional circumstances. The contract between The IOC and host city Tokyo makes it clear only the IOC can cancel the event. The IOC is thought to make around 70% of its money from broadcast rights, and 18% sponsorship. If the games don’t go ahead, it could severly damge its finances and the future of the Olympics. The budget for the Olympics set by Japan was at $12 billion, although estimates suggest it could be double that. Even though the Olympics are heavily insured, losses would be still high.
Olympics minister and Chief of Tokyo Games Seiko Hashimoto said, “I am very confident we will have these games. We are everything we can.”
The Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century, when agricultural societies became more industrialized and urban. The transcontinental railroad, the cotton gin, electricity and other inventions permanently changed society. The revolution marked a period of development in the latter half of the 18th century that transformed large rural societies in Europe and America into industrialized, urban ones.
Goods that had once been painstakingly crafted by hand started to be produced in mass quantities by machines in factories, thanks to the introduction of new machines and techniques in textiles, iron making and other industries.
England : Birthplace of the Industrial Revolution
Cotton factory
Britain had a long history of producing textiles like wool, linen and cotton. The big gamechanger prior to the industrial revolution was in “cotton industry” with the work performed in small workshops or even homes by individual spinners, weavers and dyers. Producing cloth became faster and required less time and far less human labour. The mechanical production of cloth could meet the growind demand at home and abroad. Apart from textiles, the iron industry also adopted new innovations.
Steam Power
An icon of the Industrial Revolution broke onto the scene in the early 1700s, when Thomas Newcomen designed the prototype for the first modern steam engine . Called the “atmospheric steam engine,” Newcomen’s invention was originally applied to power the machines used to pump water out of mine shafts.
In the 1760s, Scottish engineer James Watt began tinkering with one of Newcomen’s models, adding a separate water condenser that made it far more efficient. Watt later collaborated with Matthew Boulton to invent a steam engine with a rotary motion, a key innovation that would allow steam power to spread across British industries, including flour, paper, and cotton mills, iron works, distilleries, waterworks and canals.
Just as steam engines needed coal, steam power allowed miners to go deeper and extract more of this relatively cheap energy source. The demand for coal skyrocketed throughout the Industrial Revolution and beyond, as it would be needed to run not only the factories used to produce manufactured goods, but also the railroads and steamships used for transporting them.
Transportation
Britain’s road network, which had been relatively primitive prior to industrialization, soon saw substantial improvements, and more than 2,000 miles of canals were in use across Britain by 1815.
Train powered by steam engine
In the early 1800s, Richard Trevithick debuted a steam-powered locomotive, and in 1830 similar locomotives started transporting freight and passengers between the industrial hubs of Manchester and Liverpool. By that time, steam-powered boats and ships were already in wide use, carrying goods along Britain’s rivers and canals as well as across the Atlantic.
Communication and Banking
In 1837, British inventors William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone patented the first commercial telegraphy system. Cooke and Wheatstone’s system would be used for railroad signalling, as the speed of the new trains had created a need for more sophisticated means of communication.
Banks and industrial financiers rose to new prominent during the period, as well as a factory system dependent on owners and managers. A stock exchange was established in London in the 1770s; the New York Stock Exchange was founded in the early 1790s.
In 1776, Scottish social philosopher Adam Smith (1723-1790), who is regarded as the founder of modern economics, published The Wealth of Nations. In it, Smith promoted an economic system based on free enterprise, the private ownership of means of production, and lack of government interference.
Working Conditions
Rapid urbanization brought significant challenges, as overcrowded cities suffered from pollution, inadequate sanitation and a lack of clean drinking water. Industrialization increased economic output overall and improved the standard of living for the middle and upper classes, poor and working class people continued to struggle. The mechanization of labor created by technological innovation had made working in factories increasingly tedious and sometimes dangerous, and many workers were forced to work long hours for pitifully low wages.
In the decades to come, outrage over substandard working and living conditions would fuel the formation of labour unions, as well as the passage of new child labour laws and public health regulations in both Britain and the United States, all aimed at improving life for working class and poor citizens who had been negatively impacted by industrialization.
Heat waves begin when high pressure in the atmosphere moves in and pushes warm air toward the ground. That air warms up further as it is compressed, and begins to get hotter. The high pressure forcing the warm air down onto the ground expands vertically, changing the surrounding weather. It minimizes wind and cloud cover. The humidity in the atmosphere is high, thereby making the air more stifling. Heat waves over an area lasts for several days or longer.
The heat over western parts of Canada and the US caused by high pressure of hot air has lead to formation of a heat dome stretching from California to the Arctic territories. Temperature records have been shattered across western Canada and the US Pacific Northwest. Canada broke its country temperature record for a third straight day on Tuesday, 49.6 C, in Lytton, British Columbia. At least 486 sudden deaths were reported over five days in British Columbia. The new death tally of British Columbia, announced on Wednesday, sees a 195% increase in death rate over normal years. Typically, 165 sudden deaths would occur in the province over that period.
The US north-west has also seen record highs- in temperature and a number of fatalities. The temperature at Portland International Airport peaked at 46.1C on Monday, going above the previous day’s high of 44.4C. At least a dozen deaths in Washington and Oregon are believed to be linked to the heatwave. US President Joe Biden said the heatwave was tied to climate change in a speech on Tuesday.
Many homes in British Columba do not have air conditioning as temperatures are usually far milder during the summer months. Residents of the province, state that the condition is intolerable and hope it never becomes like that again.
Many people have been forced to take refuge in cooling centres – air-conditioned building, such as stadiums, where residents can work and sleep. People and infrastructure in urban spaces, absorbing more heat than rural areas, have been particularly affected.The intense heat has melted power cables and cracked up the roads. Some places have been sold out of portable air conditioners, fans and ice and water.
There are also fears of an increased risk of wildfires, with the town of Lytton, British columbia, already forced to evacuate because of a blaze – a day after it recorded Canada’s highest ever temperature.
The wave is now moving eastwards over Canada’s provinces – Alberta and Saskatchewan and parts of Manitoba have been placed under heat warnings. As for the US, the heat is starting to ease near US western coastal regions, and in Seattle and Portland, but is expected to last all week in the interior areas of the Pacific Northwest.
The loss sea ice habitat from climate change is the biggest threat to the survival pf polar bears. Other reasons include human-polar bear conflict, toxic pollution, oil spills and potential hunting of some subpopulations.
Polar Bear-Human Conflicts
As the sea ice of the Arctic thins and disperses, increasing number of polar bears spend longer periods in along the Arctic coastlines. Here their powerful sense of smell attracts them to human communities. Scent leading to garbage, stored food, dog teams, and animal carcasses bring them into greater conflict with people residing in the Arctic.
As apex predators, polar bears pose a significant threat to human life and property. In recent years the attacks on humans, who come within the polar bear’s range, continue to rise.
Effects of Climate Change
Due to climate change the Arctic is heating up twice as fast as anywhere in the world, melting the sea ice cover by 14% per decade. Comparing the data recorded between 1981-2010, we have lost about 770,000 square miles.
Polar bears rely on sea ice as their hunting ground and to rest, breed, and store energy for the summer and sutumn, when food can be scarce. The bears health decline as they go longer periods without food. Bears that come ashore, after the ice breaks up, are roughly 22 pounds lighter and in poorer condition. They also must travel long distances to stay with the rapidly receding ice.
Polar bears suffering from malnutrition can face extreme starvation -especially females with cubs. Scientists have found the main cause of death for cubs to be either lack of food or lack of fat on nursing mothers.
Industrial Impacts
As summer ice retreats, a new ocean is emerging, which allows more opportunities for industrial development at sea, and on large parcels of land. Offshore petroleum installations and operations in the Arctic are expected to increase in number. This results in destruction of habitat, poisoning of the bears when they ingest oil and contaminated prey which causes disturbance in the food web. As traffic by oil tankers and cargo ships in Arctic waters increases, so do the oil spills and human disturbance to their habitat.
It was the first rebellion against the British East India Company in India which functioned as a sovereign power under the British Crown. The revolt began in Meerut when Sepoys of the British East India Company rebelled against the Company which led to widespread participation of the masses across the nation. The revolt is known by several names like the Sepoy Mutiny, the First War of Independence, the Great Rebellion.
Causes of the Revolt
The immediate cause of the revolt was from a rumour that spread that catridges used in rifles were greased with fat of cows and pigs. Before loading into the rifle the sepoy had to bite of the covering on the catridge. This was a big insult to the ritual of the Hindus and the Muslims. Lord Canning made ammends in the manufacturing of the catridges but the damage was done. In March 1857, Mangal Pandey refused to use the catridges and infuriated he attacked his British superiors. He was executed on April. On 9th May, 85 sepoys in Meerut refused to use the new catridges and were sentenced to ten years imprisonment.
Mangal Pandey
Indian sepoys formed a large majority of the British troops but they were considered inferior and paid less than a European sepoy who held the same rank. The General Services Enlistment Act Required the sepoys to be ready to serve even in the British land in the West.
The adoption of a new British policy called the Doctrine of lapse. The policy sought annexation of a Hindu ruler’s kingdom if had no natural heir, and also prohibits adopted successor of the ruler from seeking the throne, after the ruler dies. The rule was imposed by Lord Dalhousie. The rule annnexed many kingdoms and a large number of rulers were dislodged. Rani Lakshmi Bai’s adopted son was prohibited from acquire the kingdom of Jhansi. Satara, Nagpur, Jhansi were annexed under the rule. The kingdom of Awadh was also annexed which lead to discontent among the people.
Lord Dalhousie
The abolition of social practices like sati, and the legalizing of widow remarriage were perceived as threats to the culture. The introduction of acts like changing the Hindu law of inheritance allowing a Hindu who converted into a Christian inherit their ancestral properties. Introduction of Western style of Education was perplexing for the Indains.
The local peasants and zamindars were enraged ny the heavy taxes imposed on their land. Borrowal of money from money lenders in order to meet the heavy taxation demands eventually lead to bad debts, thereby losing their land that survived for generations.
The post Industrial Revolution in the West brought in an influx of British machine made goods into India. The action ruined the small scale industries like the textile and the handicraft.
Rani Lakshmi Bai
Many rulers also revolted. Begum Hazrat Mahal lead the revolt in Awadh when the British annxed the kingdom. Nana Saheb the adopted son Peshwa Baji Rao II, led the revolt in Kanpur. Rani Lakshmi Bai led the revolt in Jhansi after British suppressing her adopted son to ascend the throne.
115 milliseconds, that’s the amount of time a new technology — developed by researchers from Australia’s national science agency and a university in South Korea — takes to detect that ransomware has detonated on a computer and block it from causing further damage. As hackers execute bolder attacks with bigger potential payouts, computer scientists are pushing the limits of software to make near-instantaneous decisions and save victims from ruin.
Ransomware is a type of cyberattack that encrypts files on victims’ computers, rendering them useless until a ransom is paid. It can take just minutes to cripple an entire network.
The recent hacks of Colonial Pipeline Co., which shut the biggest gasoline pipeline in the U.S. for nearly a week, and of JBS SA, which temporarily shut all U.S. beef plants for the largest meat producer globally, have exposed drawbacks in protection for industries. Colonial paid a $4.4 million ransom, while JBS paid $11 million.
Endpoint Protection Software are cybersecurity tools that protect “end user” devices such as laptops and desktop computers, which are vulnerable to being hacked through their users clicking on malicious links or phishing emails. some of the leading companies offering Endpoint Detection software include SentinelOne Inc., Cybereason Inc., Microsoft Corp. and CrowdStrike Holdings Inc.
The innovation of that software is that it blocks files deemed to be malicious — what traditional antivirus does — and goes a step further, automating the hunt for suspicious behavior on users’ machines, aiming to identify poisoned code before it causes damage.
One of the few ways to get ahead of the problem is to have security software running deep inside a computer’s operating system. There, it can see each program running on the machine and have the best shot at distinguishing between legitimate and malicious ones.
But according to Oliver Spence, co-founder of U.K.-based North Star Cyber Security, “Solving ransomware is magnitudes harder than solving spam and that isn’t solved yet,” he said. “How do you tell which email is legitimate or not? How do I tell if a process is legitimate or not? Solve either problem completely, and you are well on your way to being rich enough to retire.”
One challenge of staying ahead of the problem is that skilled hackers routinely test their code and techniques against the latest security software, adapting when needed to evade detection, said Andrew Howard, chief executive officer of Switzerland-based Kudelski Security, said Andrew Howard, chief executive officer of Switzerland-based Kudelski Security.
“Ransomware attacks today are typically human-operated, meaning that a human is actively guiding the attack,” Howard said. “As the defenses get better, this drives new offensive techniques, which drives better defenses, which drives new offensive techniques, and so forth. There is not a 100% effective technical solution for this problem.”
Nike was initially founded as Blue Ribbon Sports. It was almost named Dimension Six. Later the company was named Nike, after the Greek winged goddess of victory. Nike is a name that is easily recognizable by consumers, describes the premium quality, and fits with a global linguistic audience.
Nike’s marketing strategy is an important component for the sports giant’s success. It positions as a premium brand, selling well-designed and expensive products. Their products are considered highly effective and comfortable to the athletes. Nike shoes are designed for professional athletes and the craze for extreme sports and the fantasy towards sports personalities have been growing.
Brand Strategy
Nike has an iconic slogan JUST DO IT which resonates with just about everyone. It creates a relationship between their customers and the brand. The catchphrase has spread from fitness world to everyday life. Nike empowers their target audience especially women. They advertise their brand through women with the same amount of power as men with so much inspiration. Nike reminds everyone that women too are powerful, competitive and passionate.
Nike makes fewer commercials but has it balanced out by heavily focusing on digital marketing. The company is without a doubt ahead of its competitors when it comes to social engagement. The brand has the most number of followers and subscribers on all social media channels.
Here’s a detailed breakdown of Nike’s social media engagement.
Nike has mastered the art of creating amazing content that reflects its empowering branding online.
Pricing
Value based pricing strategy
Nike uses value-based pricing strategy to set its prices according to its consumer perceptions about the value of their products. The company focuses on delivering the highest quality products at the right price to ensure the best customer experience.
Price leadership strategy
This strategy is suitable for an oligopolistic market. Nike determines its product prices, uses competitive prices, and sets attractive prices for different market segments according to its market dominance.
Premium pricing strategy
Nike makes has its products priced higher than the ones offered by its competitors based on their product quality. The company owners and the employees know that these prices will not only reflect the quality of their company’s products but also the image which will be portrayed by the consumers who wear the Nike logo.
Skimming pricing strategy
Nike uses this strategy whenever it produces expensive products especially when they are limited editions. The company tries to skim money from the customers who want the product and are willing to purchase it at that price. After a newly designed product has been out in the market for a while, Nike lowers the price of those products.
Marketing campaigns
Nike’s audience are versatile. It consists of rockers and rappers, artists and thinkers, entrepreneurs, athletes and other individuals.
Nike’s ad campaigns uses a voice to which their consumers are likely to respond.
Nike : Find Your Greatness, a campaign which highlighted unlikely individuals showing their true capabilities.
Nike ads have promoted well known athletes such as Serena Williams, Lebron James and regular, everyday people to show their skills.
Nike-Dream Crazy. A powerful quote “don’t ask if your dreams are crazy, ask if your dreams are crazy enough. ”
Marketing plan and budget
Nike has positioned itself in the mind of its target customers as a leader in sports shoes. They have enhanced athletic lifestyle in the consumers. They have an appealing style and a positive attitude along with their unique quality level of their valuable products.
Year
Nike Marketing expenses ($million)
2020
$3,590
2019
$3,753
2018
$3,577
2017
$3,341
2016
$3,278
2015
$3,213
Nike spends the same amount of money on marketing that Under Armour makes in sales.
Business development
Nike embraces new technologies. The company developed a shoe that will auto lace when you put your heel in the shoe. They have done things to make the shoe lighter and sturdier such as the flyknit.
Nike provides a wide variety of products to large number of sports to capture a great market share. In addition to shoes they provide apparels and accessories. They value the consumer and the importance of providing quality product. The product quality and durability are critical parts of their strategy to be able to command high prices for their products.
Nike also buys out competing sports product brands.
Nike owns 48% of the athletic footwear market in the United States. Their sales revenue in 1996 was $6.4 billion and has grown to $39.11 billion.
Nike stays ahead of its competitors. The brand was the first sports brand to launch a website and to utilize social media.
Over the last 50 years, Dubai has developed from a sand pit into a swarming city of wealth and extravagance. Dubai, built on the edge of the dessert in United Arab Emirates, is home to over 200 skyscrapers, with 18 taller than 300 metres.
1900s : Fishing Village
The city started of as a humble fishing village where fishing, pearl diving were common activities. This was Dubai before its enormous wealth today. The city also served as trading port for gold and spices. These markets still thrive today and attract many tourists who seek to get a taste of the city’s authentic history. The markets are known as souks.
1960s : Economic Crackdown
Dubai’s trading activities with its neighbouring countries brought in stable income for the village. Since it is situated in the Arabian Gulf, Dubai functioned as a trading port and the economy relied a lot on its fishing and pearl diving professions. Things turned out bad when Japan invented artificial pearls and the economy suffered a blow. Things were about to change for the fishing village as they struck their future in 1966.
1966 : Striking Oil
The moment they struck oil in 1966, Dubai’s economy exploded with wealth and the local fishing village grew into a busy metropolis and grew into a commercial hub for business. The enormous wealth grew the aspirations of the rulers to build a city that would set the bar for architecture and landscape designs across the world.
1971 : Joining the UAE
During the year 1971, the country United Arab Emirates was formed when Dubai along with its six neighbouring cities, were combined. This combination of the seven Emirate states increased the country’s oil revenue massively and the rulers of UAE came together to focus on the immense development of their country.
1985 : Emirates Airlines
The establishment of the Emirates Airline was a million dollar idea fo Dubai’s most profitable sources of income over the years. The Dubai International Airport serves as a hub for connecting flights around the world. The airlines flies to 85 countries across the world promoting Dubai’s tourism.
1999 : Burj Al Arab
This seven star hotel is extremely luxurious. The suites offered by the hotel are really posh and the luxury status is well beyond the standard rating scale.
2006 : Palm Jumeirah
These man-made islands are centre for tourist attractions. The islands have luxurious hotels, apartment towers, upmarket global restaurants, built on it. The city shows of its creativity and wealth to the world. In order to build the island tons of rock and sand were poured onto the sea over a period of six years.
2010 : Burj Khalifa
Burj Khalifa, the world’s tallest building with a record height of a staggering 828 meters, with 160 stories. Another way to boast creativity and wealth.
2013 : The World’s Largest Flower Garden
Dubai designed the world’s largest flower garden, Dubai Miracle Garden, with over 100 million flowers brought in from around the globe. Emirates Airlines teamed up with Dubai Miracle Garden to build a lifesize version of its A380 covered with flowers.
The city draws in many tourists from across the globe for its relaxing leisure and lifestyle. Incredible health care and education are offered attracting a global community to emigrate there. Business is aso held in this lavish city and moreover the boon of working in Dubai is, it offers a tax free salary.
The Mona Lisa was stolen from the Musee du Louvre in Paris back in 1911. The theft lead to a stir worldwide. The painting was stolen by a Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggia. The painting was recovered two years later along with the thief. The painting has an estimated value of $860 million as of the 2020.
Poppy Flowers, Vincent Van Gogh
The painting was stolen from the Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil Museum, Cairo, Egypt in August 2010 and still not recovered to date. It is regarded that Van Gogh painted it three years before committing sucide. The painting had a whopping value of $50 million. The painting was also previously stolen from the same museum in June 1977. The painting was found after ten years later in Kuwait.
The Storm on the Sea of Galilee, Rembrandt
The painting was stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, Massachusetts. The painting was stolen along with 12 other paintings in March 18, 1990. The 1633 painting depicts Jesus calming a storm at sea by the side of his disciples. The painting was thieved by two men who obtained access to the museum by claiming themselves to be police officers. The painting had an estimated value of $100 million. Another painting which was also looted that night, The Concert, had a staggering estimated worth of $200 million.
Le Pigeon Aux Petits Pois, Pablo Picasso
The painting known as The Pigeon with Green Peas was stolen in May 2010 along with 4 other artworks. The robbery was accomplished by just one man. The man was later arrested but the police could not recover the painting as the thief had claimed he threw it away. The painting had a value of $28 million.
Portrait of a Young Man, Raphael
The painting was done in the early 15th century. The painting was looted by the Nazis after they conquered Poland. The painting is considered to be a self portrait of Raphael. The painting was confiscated by Hans Frank, one of Hitler’s senior officials, who took it it for Fuhrer Museum. The painting was last seen at Frank’s residence in 1945 and it’s been missing ever since. The painting was valued $100 million and is deemed as one of the most important paintings missing since World War II.
The Just Judges, Jan van Eyck
The painting was on display at Saint Bavo’ Cathedral, Belgium, when it was stolen in 1934. The painting was robbed with the leaving a note ‘Taken from Germany by the treaty of Versailles’, which written in French. The Belgian Government had a tough time exchanging notes with the alleged thief, a successful politician Arsene Goedertier. The thief claimed he knew the whereabouts of the painting but said he was taking the secret to his grave. Till now the location of the painting is still unknown.
Portrait of Francis Bacon, Lucian Freud
The painting went missing in 1988 from Berlin’s Neue Nationalgalerie and was speculated that it was stolen by a fan of Bacon or student. Following the theft, Freud designed a wanted poster for his artwork but did not amass any responses. The painting was on loan from the artist’s collection at the Tate Britain Gallery.
Psychology is a field in science that studies the mind. It is often identified as one of the newest fields in science but dates back much further.
Aristotle, (384BC – 322BC) a Greek philosopher, discovered the five senses – sight, hearing, touch, taste and smell. With these senses one feels pleasure or pain. He also stated that of all the living beings, only humans have the ability to think, and theorised the connection between mind and body, and mind and reason.
Hippocrates and Galen, both Greek physicians, pointed out that humans can be recognised by their behaviour.
The field developed little through passing centuries, and Johann Weyer (1515 – 88) laid out facts that the mental illnesses which were attributed to witchcraft came from natural causes. During the 18th century, philosophers gained new knowlege through anatomy of the brain and the nervous system. Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher, classified the mind into knowing, feeling and willing, which are parts of thinking process.
In the 19th century many psychological laboratories were built across Europe, which helps to analyse a person’s behaviour and their mental well-being. The old idea that mental disturbance was the result of the person’s environmental forces acting on the mind was disproved.
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