Category: Education

Being happy is a need or a purpose??

Whatever we are doing in our life at this time is directly or indirectly related to only one ultimate goal and that is we all want to be happy in our life. But, are we really happy? Or why we are not happy? And how to become happy?? There are so many lots of questions that are searched on the internet related to happiness? Funny thing is that we are asking from the machines that how we become happy in our life?

We are the people of the generation that are unhappy so that they become happy. Everyone in one of his/ her childhood faces a question from someone that what do you want to become? And we gave so many options like maybe this or that but neither of us told us nor we realized that before become specialist in a different field first we become happy in our life. After reading this I am sure a question arises in your mind that before achieved financial independence how do we become happy? for one moment think that how you perform well when you are so much depressed? First, you should understand that being successful or being happy is two different goals so don’t mix two in one. Success is a goal but happiness is the thing that you need in this process.

People thought that if they become happy all the time, are they achieve success or not, so I think till now I have not read anywhere or heard from anyone that if you are happy you are not eligible for attaining success. So please don’t become so serious be punctual, be dedicated towards your goal.

And there are so many people in this world that are already trapped in the web of complex things and become unhappy so don’t try to become one of them, be happy for yourself, this is one of the best gifts that you give yourself. Whatever the situation of life is be happy and face that like a warrior,

If you are struggling in your life currently, please don’t become depressed, be happy because this happiness add some power to your confidence so that you face your struggle more valiantly,

There are lots of people in your nearby area they say that when this or that thing will complete they become so much happy, and after that, you saw that after goal achieved they become so much depressed and after asking they say that, this is not that thing what they want in their life, so don’t to be happy it is free of cost in every country. So please be happy,

Because this is a chain reaction when one person is happy, he/ she will never make someone’s life unhappy. So ultimately if you are happy you not only uplift your life you also provide little contributions towards the world’s happiness.

Life is a struggle, so accept it and enjoy your single moment on this planet. And before becoming anyone in any field, become happy in your life. And don’t depend on anyone for your happiness.

Being happy is a need that is required to achieve all the purposes of our life.

Time Management

“Time and tide wait for no one,” as the saying goes. To be successful in all parts of life, a person must grasp the value of time. People who waste time are those who have not developed their own personality.

What is Time Management ?

  • Time management is the process of properly managing time so that the appropriate amount of time is allotted to the appropriate task.
  • Individuals who use effective time management can assign particular time slots to tasks based on their value.
  • Time management is the process of making the best use of one’s time, which is constantly finite.

Consider which activity is more essential and how much time should be devoted to it. Determine which tasks should be completed first and which may wait a bit longer. Time Management plays a very important role not only in organizations but also in our personal lives.

Time management includes the following:

  • Planning that works:- Make a detailed plan for your day. Make a To-Do List or a “TASK PLAN.” Make a list of the key tasks that must be completed in a single day, together with the amount of time that should be allotted to each task. High priority tasks should be prioritised first, followed by those that do not require much of your attention at the present. Complete all outstanding chores one by one. Do not start new work until you have completed your prior assignment. Tick the ones you’ve already finished. Make certain that you complete the assignments within the time period specified.
  • Establishing goals and objectives:- Working in an organisation without goals and aims is like to the captain of a ship being disoriented at sea. Yes, you’d be lost. Set goals for yourself and make sure they are reasonable and attainable.
  • Establishing deadlines:- Set deadlines for yourself and work hard to do projects ahead of time. Don’t wait for your bosses to ask you every time. Learn to accept responsibility for your job. You are the only one who has the authority to establish deadlines. Consider how much time and how many days you need to commit to a specific activity. Use a calendar to keep track of crucial dates and deadlines.
  • Responsibilities are delegated:- Learn to say “NO” at work. Don’t try to accomplish everything on your own. There are others as well. Accepting something that he knows is tough for him is not a good idea. Employees’ roles and duties must be allocated based on their interests and specialisations in order for them to complete assignments on time. A person who is unfamiliar with something requires more time than someone who is well-versed in the subject.
  • Organizing tasks according to their importance:- Sort the jobs according to their significance and urgency. Understand the distinction between significant and urgent tasks. Determine which chores should be completed within a day, which should be completed within a month, and so on. The most critical tasks should be completed first.
  • Investing the appropriate amount of time in the appropriate activity:- Make it a habit to do the right thing at the right time. Work completed at the wrong time is of little value. Don’t squander a whole day on something that can be completed in an hour or two. Also, set aside some time for personal calls or monitoring Facebook or Twitter updates. After all, a human is not a machine.

For Effective Time Management one needs to be:

  • Organized:- Keep piles of files and mounds of paper away from your desk. Throw away whatever you don’t need. Make folders for crucial papers. Keep the files in their designated drawers, with labels on the top of each file. It saves time that would otherwise be spent on ineffective searches.
  • Don’t misuse time:- Do not kill time by loitering or gossiping around. Concentrate on your work and finish assignments on time. Remember your organization is not paying you for playing games on computer or peeping into other’s cubicles. First complete your work and then do whatever you feel like doing. Don’t wait till the last moment.
  • Be Focussed:- One needs to be focused for effective time management.

Benefits of Time Management:

  • Time management teaches a person to be punctual and disciplined. As a result of efficient time management, one learns to work only when necessary. Individuals should construct a “TASK PLAN” or a “TO DO” List at the start of the day to jot down tasks that need to be done in a certain day based on their significance and urgency against the precise time slots allotted to each activity. A Task Plan provides employees with a feeling of direction at work. An individual understands how his day will unfold and works appropriately, resulting in greater productivity.
  • As a result of efficient time management, one gets more organised. Keeping things in their appropriate placements saves time spent searching for documents, essential files, folders, stationery items, and so on. Individuals maintain their workstations, study zones, cubicles, and meeting places clean and tidy to improve time management. People learn to manage their time well as a result of Time Management.
  • Effective time management increases a person’s morale and confidence. Individuals become well-known in their organisations and among their peers as a consequence of their ability to complete assignments within the time constraints imposed by Time Management. People who appreciate the value of time are the ones who stand out in a crowd. Individuals who complete their task on time are looked up to by others and are constantly the centre of attention.
  • Individuals that stick to a time schedule achieve their goals and objectives in the least amount of time. Effective time management enables staff to fulfil objectives well ahead of deadlines and complete tasks just when they are needed.
  • Effective time management enables an individual to reach the peak of success fast and to remain there for an extended period of time. An employee who works just for the purpose of working makes no impact and is never taken seriously at work. Effective time management is critical to enhancing an individual’s productivity. When people manage their time properly, their output improves significantly.
  • Better time management contributes to better planning and, ultimately, better forecasting. Individuals learn to prepare ahead of time and know where they stand in five years.
  • According to research, those who complete activities on time are less likely to experience stress and worry. Remember that spending time and cribbing afterwards is pointless. Finish any outstanding job on time, and you’ll have enough of time for your friends, relatives, and family members.
  • Time management allows a person to prioritise jobs and activities at work. It is stupid to continue to be overwhelmed. You should not accept everything that comes your way.
  • Time management enables an individual to take a methodical approach.

WORLD NATURE CONSERVATION DAY – JULY 28

“Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed.” ― Mahatma Gandhi

July 28 is celebrated as “World’s Nature Conservation Day” and reminds us that healthy environment is the foundation of a stable and productive society. This day is observed every year and is celebrated to educate people about the best techniques and practices adopted in different areas of the world to protect and preserve our natural resources as our planet has limited amount of resources left but the reliance on these resources is increasing day by day. This day aims to create and increase the awareness about the importance of natural resources and environment. It shows how we can live sustainably. This day encourages the people to save and protect the natural resources of earth because they are depleting in a rapid rate and are getting exploited and even misused.

This day recognizes that a healthy environment is the most vital part of stable and productive society. And sustainable practices are important for maintaining this stability and this environment for the future generations as well. The day reminds us about our responsibility as the child of the planet and urges us to be responsible and practice sustainable living practices and bring small changes in our lifestyle which can bring sustainability in our life style and lives. This day motivates us to find alternatives which could decrease our dependency on the natural resources.

This day ensures sustainability of present and future generation. How can we help in conserving the nature ? Lets have a look!

  1. WATER CONSERVATION: Everything starts from home and can be done by using less water while showering and bathing. By practicing Rain water harvesting methods in home to reduce our dependency on other water sources and rely on rain water without wasting it. It is important to conserve water because it is estimated that 2050 we may run out of water.
  2. PLANTING OF TREES : This helps in preventing soil erosion and promoting greenery. Home gardening, kitchen garden etc. can be practiced at home and at any scale for planting trees. Green roof is also one such initiative which helps in promoting greenery at homes. Spending few minutes in planting and amid nature can greatly promote mental well being too.
  3. WASTE MANAGEMENT : Reduce, reuse and recycle waste. Practice rainwater harvesting and using wastewater treatment plants for treating the waste water. This waste water when treated can be used in landscaping purpose. Organics can also be used.
  4. SUSTAINABLE COMMUNICATION : Sustainable communication can help in reducing the carbon footprint and lessen the pollution. It is good if people use public transport and sustainable modes of transport while commuting to different places as fewer vehicles will ensure lesser pollution.
  5. Reduce your electricity consumption; switch off electrical appliances when not in use, or every time you walk out of a room.
  6. REDUCE PAPER USE : Saving papers means saving trees and in todays digital age, all the devices are capable of taking notes which saves the need of print outs.
  7. AVOID SINGLE USE OF PLASTIC : The plastics which we are using are getting discharged into the oceans and grasslands or forests etc. which is destroying the lifeforms, ecosystem as well as the natural resources. Single use plastic consumption has increased during the pandemic and the amount of gloves and face masks being used is also increasing. Landfills are getting filled with the large amount of plastics which is polluting the environment.

The main objective of the day is to be live, promotive consciousness and mindful living. The aim is reduce overexploitation of resources and reduce the non-essential travel and play our part of role in building a sustainable future.

Reproductive Health

Total well being in all aspects of the reproduction such as physically mentally and emotionally is called Reproductive health.

All the reproductive organs should be healthy with normal function.

Major problems associated with reproductive health

Overpopulation

  • Overpopulation causes a scarcity of every basic need.
  • It affect the well-being of reproductive health also.
  • To overcome the problem of overpopulation India started family planning program in 1951.
  • Later it was changed to reproductive and Child Health Care program in 1997.
  • A rapid decline in death rate, maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate leads to overpopulation.

Small family, happy family

Steps to control population explosion

  • People should be educated about the advantages of smaller family.
  • Raising the marriageable age of male and female is an effective way to control the population.
  • Couples should be motivated to family planning by adopting birth control measures.

Step under reproductive and Child Health Care program

  • Increase in awareness about disease related to reproductive system example – sexual transmitted disease (STDs).
  • Increase in awareness through the audio visual media.
  • Increase in awareness about different contraceptive methods.
  • Increase awareness about sex education.

Female foeticide

  • Female foeticide can affect reproductive and sexual health of a Woman.
  • Due to the use of amniocentesis cases of female foeticide increases.
  • Amniocentesis is the technique in which amniotic fluid is studied for any type of enzyme disorder, chromosomal disorder or other bio-chemical disorder.
  • Amniocentesis method is misused to know the sex of an Unborn baby.

Sex education

  • Due to lack of education, people are not concerned about safe and hygienic sexual practice.
  • Introduction of the education in school and colleges its another step to provide right information to the youth.
  • Sex education can save the young youth people from myths and misconceptions about sex related issues.
  • Should provide knowledge about birth control methods and care of mother and child.

Our health is in our own hand…

Sexually transmitted disease

Chlamydiasis

  • Caused by Gram Negative bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis.
  • Causes urethritis which result in painful urination and pus discharge.
  • In male, it causes infertility by causing oligospermia.
  • It increases the chance of ectopic pregnancy.
  • Treatment –
    • Treated by antibiotics.

Gonorrhea

  • Causes by negative bacteria Neisseria Gonorrhea.
  • Causes inflammation of reproductive tract, urinary tract infection, and urethritis.
  • Treatment
    • Newly born child is given 1% AGNO3 dose to prevent eye. infection

Genital herpes

  • Causes by herpes simplex virus
  • Causes painful blisters
    • In male – glans penis and foreskin
    • In female – external genitalia
  • There is no proper treatment
  • Treatment is only to extend life.

Genital warts

  • Caused by human papiloma virus.
  • Causes Cancer of different organs such as-
    • cervical cancer
    • penile cancer
    • vaginal cancer
    • vulvar cancer
    • anal cancer
  • Treatment
    • Alpha interferon
    • cryotherapy
    • electrocautery
Sexually transmitted disease

It is very important to provide information to the couple or who are in marriageable age group about birth control methods, care of pregnant women, important of breastfeeding, equality to the gender and equal opportunity to the male and female child, reproductive tract infections etc.

The education of reproductive health should be provided to all

The Man you admire most- M.K. Gandhi

The man I admire most is M. K. Gandhi. His full name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was attributed ‘Mahatma’ for his glorious life. He was born at Porebandar in Gujarat (India) on 2 October, 1869. His father, Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi (1822–1885), served as the diwan of Porbandar state. Gandhi’s mother name was Putlibai. In May 1883, the 13-year-old Mohandas was married to 14-year-old Kasturbai Makhanji Kapadia (her first name was usually shortened to “Kasturba”), in an arranged marriage, according to the custom of the region at that time. His wedding was a joint event, where his brother and cousin were also married. Recalling the day of their marriage, he once said, “As we didn’t know much about marriage, for us it meant only wearing new clothes, eating sweets and playing with relatives.” As was prevailing tradition, the adolescent bride was to spend much time at her parents’ house, and away from her husband.

In an interview Gandhi said about his lustful feelings he felt for his young bride” even at school I used to think of her, and the thought of nightfall and our subsequent meeting was ever haunting me. He later recalled feeling jealous and possessive of her, such as when she would visit a temple with her girlfriends, and being sexually lustful in his feelings for her.”

In 1921, Gandhi adopted the use of an Indian dhoti and a shawl (in the winter) and only (dhoti in the summer) woven with yarn hand-spun on a traditional Indian spinning wheel (charkha) as a sign of identification with India’s rural poor.

After completing education in India he went to England in order to study Law. He obtained the degree in Law and returned to India and began to practise in Mumbai High court at first and then in South Africa. While he was there, he started a new era of non-violence movement to reduce the oppression of the Europeans against the natives of South Africa. The movement became famous as Satyagraha and when he came to India again he used this method against the British rule. It was strengthened in Non-cooperation Movement in 1921 and Quit India Movement in 1942. He became the leader of the people giving his clarion call-“Do or die’. After a long struggle under his leadership India won her independence on 15 August in 1947.

Gandhi did many experiment like experiment with food, non-violence, and the freedom fight but the experiment which has made him a villain in everyone’s eye was “The experiment of Gandhi’s Brahmacharya” which was criticised by various senior leaders like- Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel had called it a “terrible blunder”, and had asked him to stop it.

Gandhi tried to test and prove to himself his brahmacharya. The experiments began some time after the death of his wife in February 1944. At the start of his experiment, he had women sleep in the same room but in different beds. He later slept with women in the same bed but clothed, and finally, he slept naked with women. In April 1945, Gandhi referenced being naked with several “women or girls” in a letter to Birla as part of the experiments.

According to Gandhi he asked his grandniece Manu when she was 18 years old if she wanted to help him with his experiments to test their “purity”, for which she readily accepted. Gandhi slept naked in the same bed with Manu with the bedroom doors open all night. Manu stated that the experiment had no “ill effect” on her. Gandhi also shared his bed with 18-year-old Abha, wife of his grandnephew Kanu. Gandhi would sleep with both Manu and Abha at the same time. None of the women who participated in the brahmachari experiments of Gandhi indicated that they had sex or that Gandhi behaved in any sexual way. Those who went public said they felt as though they were sleeping with their aging mother.

He was shot dead on 30 January, 1948 by a derailed young man named Nathuram Godse. But his life and message are still the source of inspiration not only in the national field, but also in the international field.

People who single handedly brought a CHANGE in the society

What we learn from our society we follow that and pass on the same to the generation which follows. In India, if anyone wants to make a change in the normal dynamical functioning of a society, they are generally demotivated by the statement that “What will happen by a SINGLE PERSON’s efforts”. This is what we have heard since ages and this is what is being passed on to us from the older generations. As people prefer security in every sense, whether it be life security, job or financial security. Because to make changes requires guts to stand alone and continue doing what one believes in.

Also, we inspire each other in the way we may have never thought of. How many of you after watching a sport inspired movies have at least once tried that sport? Inspiration lies in every corner of the world i.e. if you really open your eyes to see it.

This blog will tell you about some INDIANS who single handedly managed to bring a drastic change in the society.

  1. JADAV PAYENG– Popularly known as the “FOREST MAN OF INDIA”, a title which was conferred to him by the vice Chancellor of the Jawaharlal Nehru University in 2012, Jadav is a man responsible for creating the  forest that stands at 550 hectares today on the island of Majuli near Jorhat.

It all started when a teenager Jadav living in the state of Assam near the Brahmaputra river region noticed the decreasing number of reptiles and snakes from the forests near his house due to excessive cutting of the trees. The elders of his village told him that if a house is not made for the animals they will all die. He thought about how he will feel when instead of snakes, the number of human started to decrease. He knew he had to do something, so he went to the forest department with his problem which was actually everyone’s but it was conveniently ignored. The forest department then taunted him to start planting trees himself and that is what he did. He started planting saplings on a small deserted island near the Brahmaputra river for nearly three decades and now this full grown forests spread over many hectares of land.

People travel from across the globe to see his forest that is visited by 120 species of birds, including migratory ones; and elephants, rhinos, and tigers that visit from Kaziranga National Park. Also, a herd of 50 to 150 elephants remains in the forest for nearly three months a year. Locals call it ‘Mulai forest’; Mulai is Jadav’s nickname.

While rest of his friends have a stable , comfortable life in the cities, Jadav refused to leave the forests which was his home and live with his wife and 3 children in a hut in the village. He says that his awards are his wealth.

2.SUDHANSHU BISWAS- A revolutionary freedom fighter who was one of those many unsung heroes who were the support to the ones at front on the battlefront, is the founder of 18 schools which educates poor and orphan children with the aim of giving them a brighter life. After India gained Independence , Biswas wen toff to Himalayas to understand true purpose of life and when he came back , there was a new mission he decided to embark upon. Biswas established two Ashrams in South 24 Parganas. Later, in 1973, he set up Sri Ramakrishna Sevashram near Baruipur. By 1996, he had built 18 free schools for the poor and downtrodden in the most underdeveloped areas of Sundarbans. He also has a old age home for people from nearby villages .

It is truthfully said that a REVOLUTIONARY NEVER DIES. Now in his 90s, Biswas still continues to run the schools and even teaches mathematics to the students. Biswas has proved that Age is just a number, it is the will power that matters.

3. RITU BIYANI – After having suffered and recovered from Breast cancer herself, she made it a point to educate the women living in the tribal , urban and rural areas to educate them about Breast cancer and help them find adequate treatment for the same. In India, women generally tends to ignore their health problems as they do not wish to disturb the dynamics of her family by bringing forth her health issue. The reason being that In Indian households women carry the ultimate responsibility of the family from feeding to taking care of everyone. In the process of fulfilling their responsibilities , they often tend to care about themselves and this carelessness then leads to dangerous consequences.

Many women doesn’t know or fail to notice the early signs of breast cancer and even if they do , they fail to get proper help for the same. Ritu Biyani holds a LIMCA BOOK OF RECORDS recognition in being the only woman to travel across the four points of the country to spread awareness about the same. If she might also have “minded with her own business” after getting recovered, then the many whose lives have been saved because of her efforts may have died.

Her BREAST CANCER AWARENESS CAMPAIGN continues to help those who have been living under darkness and scaredness of this disease taking them away soon.

4.GANGADHARA TILAK KATNAM-Once on a rainy day in Hyderabad, the car driven by Mr. Tilak suddenly fell, into a pothole and he ended up accidentally spoiling the uniform of kids standing nearby. He felt so ashamed for the same but again it was not his fault. Gangadhar like many other Indians could have left the matter at this but no he decided to find a solution by himself as such things which are the responsibility of the authorities are blatantly ignored by them. Now, a retired railway officer at 67, instead of enjoying his retirement he set off every morning in his car filled with gunny sacks containing tar to repair the roads himself. He picks these left over sacks from the roadsides and when the quantity fell short of the required amount , he even uses money from his own pocket.

It is his dream to see a pothole -less Hyderabad. He has until now  fill over 1,125 potholes so far. For two and half years, he filled potholes single-handedly and with his own money. Now many citizens and software engineers are joining in Gangadhara’s Shramadaan (voluntary contribution of labor). From June 2012, the GHMC (Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation) started supplying BT MiX material to Gangadhara.

Mountains- A history (Part-2)- Tectonic plates

Photo by ROMAN ODINTSOV on Pexels.com

Now, before going any further with our mountains, let us first see the various types of interactions possible between our 2 types of tectonic plates- The Oceanic crust and the Continental crust: The 3 basic interactions are converging boundaries, diverging boundaries and transform boundaries.

  • Converging- It is defined as the two plates moving towards each other, colliding in the process. Now, there are 3 possibilities-
  1. Continental-continental collision- Here, two continental landmasses( eg.- The North American plate or the Eurasian plate or collision of Australia, South America and New Zealand (It formed the Great Australian Dividing range)) collide and the two plates fold over one another and lead to the formation of fold mountains. Try using a paper bringing it closer from the opposite ends. The raised structure represents the fold mountains. They have no volcanic activity (though earthquakes are possible). Examples are the Urals, the Atlas, The Rockies, the Alps, the Himalayas
  2. Oceanic- Oceanic Collision- In these types of collision, the heavier oceanic plate subducts under the lighter oceanic plate(forming trenches- eg. Mariana Trench). Due to subduction, it reaches the area of high pressure and temperature in the mantle and thus melts converting to magma. This magma later rises and when it finds an opening (like the one created by the diverging limbs) in the oceanic crust, it comes out. It, hence, forms oceanic volcanoes, ridges and later volcanic islands like those of Indonesia and the Phillipines.
  3. Continental Oceanic Collision- When a continental and an oceanic plate collide, it leads to the formation of either fold mountains(Rockies) or trenches(Philippines Trench) or both(Andes and the Peru- Chile Trench).
  • Diverging- When two plates or landmasses move away from each other ,in the opposite directions, it is known as diverging. Even here, there are 2 possibilities-
  1. Continental continental diversion- When two continental plates move away from each other, it leads to the formation of rift valleys and plateaus. Examples are- The east African rift valley (formed due to the drifting apart of Arabian peninsular plate from African plate- they were connected millions of years ago).
  2. Oceanic oceanic diversion- It occurs when two oceanic plates move away from each other, creating a ridge in its wake. The Atlantic ocean is divides by a ridge known as the Mid oceanic ridge (named so because it passes through the middle of Atlantic ocean). Here, the plate boundaries of Africa, Eurasia, North America , South America diverge from each other. The Pacific and the Indian ocean are the other two oceans that have ridges.
  • Transform – When one tectonic plate moves past another, it forms transform plate boundary. These plate movements most commonly produce earthquakes as during movements the plates experience friction and intermolecular force of attraction due to which one plate might find itself bounded to another plate. Then, when the plates move past one another it requires a lot of energy and produces heat and waves. Example- the boundary between Pacific plate and North American plate in Western California.

Now, that we know about tectonic plates, studying the formation of mountains becomes a lot easier. Stay tuned for the 3rd part where we will look into the formation of various mountains and the tectonic plates and movements involved . Till then, take care (a smiley emoji).

MAGIC IN A CUP OF TEA!!!

Every morning won’t be complete without a cup tea right? Many people can’t do their work without a cup pf tea. Tea gives us refreshness and make us active. Though many like coffee, there are people who love tea too. The reason for me to talk about tea is nothing but today’s topic revolves around tea. Let me tell you an essay written by Eric Arthur Blair about a cup of tea.

Eric Arthur Blair, known by his pename George Orwell, was an English Novelist, journalist and a critic. He opposed totalitarianism and supported democratic socialism. He is best known for the Allegorical novella ‘Animal farm” and the dystopian novel “Nineteen Eighty Four”. He wrote an essay about ‘A nice cup of tea’ and it was published in London Evening Standards in 1946. It is about the discussion of the art of making tea. He states ten rules to be followed while making tea. Let me tell you about his essay.

Eric Arthur Blair (George Orwell)

The author said that there are no cookery books that has the preparation of tea as a recepie. Countries like Eire, NewZealand and Australia which has tea as a part of civilization. He says that Chinese tea has virtues but there is no much stimulation in it. So the author prefers Indian or Ceylonese tea.

  • The first rule is that one should prefer Indian or Ceylonese tea. One does not feel wiser or more optimistic after drinking it. ‘A nice cup of tea’ literally means Indian tea.
  • Second rule is that tea should be made in small quantities in a tea pot. The teapot should be made of China or earthenware. Silver and birtannia ware tea pots produce inferior tea and enamel parts are worse. In the army, the tea is made in a big cauldron, tastes of grease and whitewash.
  • Thirdly, the pot should be warmed beforehand rather than placing it with water in it.
  • Fourthly, the tea should be strong. He states that one strong cup of tea is better than twenty weak ones. All tea lovers not only love a strong tea but like it a little longer with each year that passes.
  • Fifthly, the tea should be put straight into the pot. Don’t use strainers or muslin bags to imprison the tea. One can swallow tea-leaves in considerable quantities without ill effect and if the tea is not loose in the pot it never infuses properly.
  • Sixthly, one should take teapot to the kettle and no other way about. The water should be boiling at the time, one should keep it on the flame while pouring it.
  • Seventhly, after making the tea, one should stir it, or better give it a good shake allowing the leaves to settle.
  • Eighthly, one should drink it out in a cylindrical type of cup rather than a shallow type of cup. The shallow cup will have the tea half cold before one starts, drinking it.
  • Ninthly, one should pour the cream off the milk before using it for tea. Milk with cream gives a sickly taste.
  • Tenthly, one should pour tea into the cup first and then add milk. By pouring the tea first, one can regulate the amount of milk to be added to the tea. He also says that one should drink tea without adding sugar. Adding sugar, destroys the taste of the tea. He also asks the question to the tea lovers, How can you call yourself a tea lover if you destroy the flavour of your tea by adding sugar into it? He also says that adding sugar is similar to drinking a hot water.

The points said by him are quite controversiable. But try to drink a cup of tea without sugar for a fortnight, and you will never ruin your tea by adding sugar to it. Think about yourself guys. This essay is quite interesting. I like this essay and how about you guys?

Read more;

Panchakanya- The story of 5 Eternal Virgins despite being married.

अहिल्या, तारा, मंदोदरी, कुंती दृापदी स्मरणं, नित्यं, महापातक नाशनाम.

Ahalya, Tara, Mandodari, and Sita, while Draupadi and Kunti from the Mahabharata. Sita and Kunti are often replaced by each other according to people’s beliefs.

These five women were born in  Kanya Rashi or the constellation of Virgo. The word ‘Kanya’ is used to denote a woman who is a ‘Virgin’. These women were the symbol of “Purity” and were considered the Eternal Virgins group despite being married.

Virgin women were supposed to have great powers of ‘Tapa’. So, all these women, despite being married, had the power of Tapa. These panchakanya are ones who owned their virginity and could revive it. The panchakanya’s were so pure that even through the fire they could pass unharmed.

Ahalya

The Bala Kanda of the Ramayana mentions that Brahma molds Ahalya out of pure creative energy. Brahma created her out of the water as the most beautiful woman in order to break the pride of Urvashi, the foremost celestial nymph. Brahma places her in the care of Gautama rishi until she reaches puberty. When that time arrives, the sage returns Ahalya to Brahma, who, impressed by Gautama’s sexual restraint and asceticism, bestows her upon him. Indra, who believes that the best women are meant for him, resents Ahalya’s marriage to the forest-dwelling ascetic.

In another tale, it is said Ahalya is created from the ashes of the sacrificial fire by the Saptarishi (seven seers) and gifted to sage Gautama.

The king of the gods, Indra, was infatuated with her beauty and comes disguised as Gautama when the sage was away, and requests to have physical relationships with Ahalya. In some versions, Ahalya sees through his disguise but still complies out of “curiosity” and because her husband would neglect his matrimonial duties. In later versions, Ahalya falls prey to Indra’s trickery and does not recognize him. In all narratives, Ahalya and her lover Indra are cursed by Gautama. Gautama then curses Ahalya to remain invisible to all beings for thousands of years, fast by subsisting only on-air, suffer and sleep in ashes and be tormented by guilt. Nevertheless, he assures her that her sin will be expiated once she extends her hospitality to Rama, who will visit the ashram. Thereafter, Gautama abandons the ashram and goes to the Himalayas to practice asceticism. Indra was cursed to be castrated or be covered by a thousand vulvae that ultimately turn into a thousand eyes.

The Ayodhya prince Rama, with his brother Lakshmana and their guru, the sage Vishvamitra pass Gautama’s desolate ashram while travelling to King Janaka’s court in Mithila. As they near the ashram, Vishvamitra recounts the tale of Ahalya’s curse and instructs Rama to save Ahalya. Ahalya is said to have been touched by Rama’s feet and rises from her stone state to human form and goes to her abode, the Gautama’s hermitage.

Tara

Tara was the wife of the monkey king Bali who was presumed dead after a battle with a demon after which she married his twin brother Sugriva according to the custom of the time. The lack of the description of formal marriage suggests that Tara’s relationship to Sugriva is neither widow re-marriage nor polyandry, but simply appropriation by Sugriva. In the references of the coronation of Sugriva as king, Angada is also described as the heir-apparent crown prince, while Tara is mentioned as Sugriva’s wife. The Adhyatma Ramayana declares that Sugriva acquires Tara.

It turns out that Bali isn’t killed in reality. When Bali returned, he was livid and abducted Sugriva’s first wife, Ruma, as revenge. As battle lines between the brothers were drawn, wise Tara counseled her first husband to return Ruma to his brother. Tara said Sugriva had not snatched her but married her legitimately only because Bali’s death had been confirmed. Tara, the mother of Bali’s son Angad, finally managed to wrest a promise from him that he would not kill his own brother. The brothers fought a duel in which Bali was killed by Sugriva’s mentor Rama. Sugriva was crowned king of the kingdom of Kishkindha. As dowager queen, Tara diplomatically left the question of the ascension of her son to the throne for his stepfather to resolve. She knew well that the guilt-ridden uncle Sugriva would not deny her son his right to the throne.

In his dying breath, Bali reconciles with Sugriva and instructs him to follow Tara’s wise counsel in all matters.

While all was well with the king and his lustful nature got the best of him and he eventually ignored his promise to Rama to help him win Sita back. Lakshaman was livid to find Sugriva had backtracked on his words. He entered Sugriva’s personal chambers to bring upon his wrath on the king but Queen Tara very diplomatically pacified the prince.

Thus she was instrumental in saving the king from the wrath of the Lakshmana and brought coherence in the Rama camp to fight the great war to avenge Sita.

Mandodari

Mandodari is the daughter of Mayasura, the king of the Asuras, who are god-like demons. He rescued a beautiful girl child from the well. He and his, wife, Hema, adopted her and named her Mandodari. She was taught aspects of architecture by King Mayasura. He taught Mandodari about the various landforms of Bharatvarsh which were Swarga (heavenly plateaus), Bhoomi (plains) and Patala (underworld). When she turned fifteen, he started involving her in his projects and eventually met Ravana when he came to seek her counsel.

Valmiki’s Ramayana describes Mandodari as a very beautiful, pious and noblewoman whose appearance once led Hanumana to mistake her for Sita. She was known to be extremely patient with Ravana’s attitude towards women, but always questioning his actions and rebuking his choices.

Despite Ravana’s faults, Mandodari loved him and was proud of his strength. She was aware of Ravana’s weakness towards women. A righteous woman, Mandodari tried to lead Ravana to righteousness, but Ravana ignored her advice.

Draupadi

Draupadi is also referred to as Panchali (meaning one from the kingdom of Panchala), Yajnaseni (meaning one born from a Yajna or fire-sacrifice), Mahabhaaratii (great wife of the five descendants of Bharata) and Sairandhri (an expert maid, her assumed name during her second exile in which she worked as Virat kingdom’s queen Sudeshna’s hair-stylist).

Panchali is the Dharma Pathini of the Pancha Pandavas. The concept behind her marrying five people is that she is the Shakthi Roopa of the five devas, Dharma – Yudhishthira, Vayu – Bheema, Indra – Arjun, Nakul and Sahadev – Ashwini Kumaras.

No woman ever faced the trials and tribulations that Draupadi faced in her life. Even after being born out of the fire to Drupada, even if she had heroic husbands, she had to undergo Vastra harana, exile, Agnata. Post-war she was faced to watch her entire clan being killed.

Kunti

She is one true Matriarch of the Saga of Mahabharata. Kunti or Pritha was the daughter of Shurasena and the foster daughter of his cousin Kuntibhoja. She is the sister of Vasudeva. She was married to King Pandu of Hastinapur and was the mother of Karna and the first three Pandava brothers Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna. She was the paternal aunt of Krishna, Balarama, and Subhadra. She was the stepmother or foster mother of Nakula and Sahadeva.

Kunti’s marital life was also unusual. Having chosen Pandu as her husband in a svayamvara ceremony, she never had a child by Pandu. Her husband had received a curse from the sage Kimdama that he would die on having intercourse with his wife because he had shot the sage with an arrow when he was copulating with his wife in the guise of a deer. Deeply hurt by the turn of events, Pandu decided to retire into the forest and live the life of renunciation. Kunti accompanied him. She invoked her boons for herself and Madri and had 3 children of her own and two for Madri. Pandu dies unable to abstain.

Cabbage for Our Health

Cabbage is one of the common vegetables. It is a leafy vegetable. It is usually of color green, but it also comes in white, red, purple and deep green. Cabbage comes from Brassica oleracea or wild cabbage species. Like other vegetable it also has many nutrients and very good for our health. Cabbage are very closely related to cauliflower broccoli.

Some Types of Cabbage from All Around the World:
Cabbage comes with different color, sizes and different types leaf. Let’s discuss about them ––

1)Common green cabbage: Scientific name — Brassica oleracea .It is the most commonly used head cabbage and it is available everywhere in world. The leaves of this cabbage are medium green. They are round shaped and thickly packed by leaves in a layer. The medium green color leaves are eaten cooked and the young and light white green color leaves can be eaten either cooked or uncooked as salad.

Common green cabbage
Common green cabbage

2)Red cabbage: Scientific name — Brassica oleracea . It is a same as common green cabbage, but the color is red purple or magenta. It is very similar to common cabbage. It is usually eaten as salad or with tacos. It has anthocyanins antioxidants in a huge amount.

Red Cabbage
Red Cabbage Plantation
Red Cabbage Salad

3)Savoy cabbage: scientific name – Brassica oleracea var. sabanda L. It is same as the common cabbage except the leaves of these cabbage is very curly and wrinkly not like the smooth leaves of a common cabbage. It is eaten as salad or stir-fried .

Savoy Cabbage Plant
Savoy Cabbage

4)Nape or Chinese cabbage: It is cabbage, but it is quite long like not as round as a common cabbage. It is famous for Korean traditional Spicy dish kimchi. Scientific name – Brassica Rapa ‘perkinensis’.

Nape Cabbage Plant
Korean Traditional Spicy Dish — Kimchi

5)Bok choy: Scientific name –Brassica rapa chinensis. It is also one type of Chinese cabbage, but it is quite different. It has long green leaves and this cabbage is not round shaped. These leaves have excellent amount of Vitamin A, vitamin k and Vitamin C and some amount of Vitamin B6.

Bok Choy in Market
Bok Choy
Bok Choy Plantation

6)January King cabbage: It is a head cabbage like common cabbage, but has unique color. The leaves of these cabbage are purple and green. Scientific name –Brassica oleracea Sabuda.

January King cabbage Plantation
January King cabbage

Apart from these there are white cabbage or Dutch cabbage, Kale or Leaf cabbage, Tuscan cabbage, Portuguese cabbage, Cannonball cabbage, Gonzales cabbage, Brussels sprouts, pointed cabbage. Cauliflower and broccoli are the also sometime considered as cabbage.

Kale
Kale Leaves
White Cabbages
Tuscan cabbage

Present nutrients:

100-gram raw common cabbage has flowing nutrients –

  1. It contains 5.8 gm of carbohydrates.
  2.  3.2 gm Sugars.
  3.  2.5g dietary fibers.
  4.  0.1g fat.
  5. 1.28 gm protein.
  6. Vitamin containing –— 1)0.2 mg vitamin B3. ; 2)36.6 mg Vitamin C. ; 3)76 microgram vitamin K. ; 4)0.2 mg of vitamin B5. ; 5)0.04 mg of vitamin B2. ; 6)0.12 mg of Vitamin B6.
  7. Minerals containing —- 40 mg calcium. ; 0.18 mg zinc. ;170mg potassium. ;26mgphosphorus. ;12 mg magnesium. ; 0.4mg iron. ;0.1mgmanganese. ;18mg sodium.
  8. It contains almost 92 gram water.
  9. It gives us 103 kilojoule or 25 Kcal energy.
  10. It has antioxidants in high amount.
  11. Various types of cabbage contain these nutrients in various amount but the nutrient elements are same for every cabbage .
Healthy Cabbage Salad

Benefits for health:

  1. Vitamin C is a major nutrient in cabbage which prevent common cold, cough and other ordinary health symptoms.
  2. Cabbage also fight against some chronicle disease like cancer.
  3. It also prevents the risk of inflammation due to containing of Vitamin C.
  4. Cabbage have lots of isolable fiber which is good for our digestive and our health and improve our digestion power.
  5.  It also helps to maintain the level of blood pressure and blood sugar in our body and prevent the heart problems.

Mountains- A history(Part-1)

Photo by Sam Kolder on Pexels.com

We have all seen mountains or hope to see them, after all they are a very famous holiday destination. All of us certainly have a wonderful mountain destination in our bucket list- be it the Himalayas, The Rockies, The Alps, Mt. Fuji or the Swiss Alps. But have you ever wondered how these mountains came into being? How is it that a flat piece of earth rose so high, almost touching the sky? Well, if you have, then here is the answer. And if you haven’t, even then a little extra knowledge never hurts anybody, right?

So, the mountains were formed millions and even billions of year ago (the oldest one-the Barberton Greenstone Belt in South Africa, is 3.6 billion year old) when the continents were being formed. The most widely accepted theory, currently, believes that the earth’s mantle(the astenosphere layer- a semi-solid) has convection current flowing through them(a result of differential heating- the lighter material rises whereas the denser material sinks ). This current belt in the astenosphere moves with it the lithosphere(continental crust, oceanic crust and the top-most part of mantle(upper mantle)). These movements in the lithosphere are the movements of continents and oceans that lead to earthquakes , volcanoes, tsunamis and the formation of volcanic islands, plateaus (all these for some other day) and fold mountains as well as volcanic mountains.

These convection currents move with them large pieces of land, ocean or both and these large pieces are termed as tectonic plates. There are currently 7 major and some minor tectonic plates. The major tectonic plates are-

  1. Indo-Australian plate
  2. North American plate
  3. South American plate
  4. Pacific plate
  5. Antarctic plate
  6. Eurasian plate
  7. African plate

The minor plates are-

  1. Fillipino plate
  2. Nazca plate
  3. Scotia plate
  4. Caribbean plate
  5. Indian plate
  6. Arabian plate
  7. Cocos plate
  8. Juan-de-fuca plate

Let us first see the types of mountains. There are 4 types of mountains-

  1. Fold mountains- These mountains are formed when one tectonic plate folds over the other, due to collision of two plate boundaries. The plates need not be continental as is in the case of the Alps , the Atlas and the Himalayas. An oceanic and a continental plate boundary collision can also form a fold mountain. The examples of such fold mountains are the Rockies and the Andes
  2. Block mountains- These mountains are formed due to the diverging plate boundaries. When two boundaries diverge, it creates a crack on the surface between them known as a rift. Later, the surrounding raised plate undergoes erosion and takes the shape of a mountain. Examples are The East African Rift Valley, The Rhine Valley, The Vindhyas and Satpuras .
  3. Volcanic mountains- Mountains formed due to fissures in the earth’s surface, that lead to release of magma. The examples are Mt. Fuji, Mt. Mayon. Also, they are known as mountains of accumulation.
  4. Residual mountains- Mountains that are either formed due to the erosion of existing mountains (denudation) or plateaus(dissection) by agents such as rivers, winds, glaciers. Examples are Mt. Manodnock (The Appalachians) , Highlands of Scotland, Scandinavia and Deccan Plateau.

The movement of the tectonic plates creates one of the above or even a combination of the above kind of mountains. Stay tuned for the next part to know how are many of the world mountains created and where are they located? Is there something common about their location? What is the reason for exceptions?

INDIAN AIR HOSTESS

Wanna fly with birds and get paid for that. Just jump and Start your career as Air Hostess .If you have a pleasing character then that’s it half is in your hand to get this Job . Let’s see the brief details about Air Hostess below.

Responsibility of An Air Hostess:

An air hostess has many responsibilities on a plane. Air hostess typically do the following tasks:

  • Greets the passengers and guides them to settle down in their seats.
  • attending a pre-flight briefing.
  • Answering passenger questions during the flight.
  • Serving meals and refreshments to passengers.
  • Prepares flight report.
  • Provides medical care to the passengers if needed.
  • Instruct  passengers on all safety procedures.

Courses offered in India:

  1. Degree courses: Degree courses are taken the duration of three years after 12th in any stream. The list of degree courses:
  • BBA (Aviation )
  • MBA (Aviation )
  • Post Graduate Diploma in Aviation and Hospitality Services
  • Post Graduate Diploma in Airport Ground Services
  • Post Graduate Diploma In Aviation, Hospitality, Travel & Customer Service

Top Colleges in India offer Air Hostess courses:

  • Rajiv Gandhi Memorial College of Aeronautics, Jaipur
  • Air Hostess Academy, Pune
  • Avalon Academy, Dehradun
  • Air Hostess Academy, Delhi
  • Frank Finn Institute of Air Hostess Training, Delhi
  • Frank Finn Institute of Air Hostess Training, Mumbai
  • Universal Airhostess Academy, Chennai.

THE HANDMAID’S TALE

The Handmaid’s Tale is a dystopian novel by Canadian author Margaret Atwood, published in 1985. It is set in a near-future New England, in a strongly patriarchal, totalitarian theonomic state, known as Republic of Gilead, that has overthrown the United States government.The central character and narrator is a woman named Offred, one of the group known as “handmaids”, who are forcibly assigned to produce children for the “commanders” – the ruling class of men.The novel explores themes of subjugated women in a patriarchal society and the various means by which they resist and attempt to gain individuality and independence. The novel’s title echoes the component parts of Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, which is a series of connected stories (such as “The Merchant’s Tale” and “The Parson’s Tale”)

Plot

After a staged attack that killed the President of the United States and most of Congress, a radical political group called the “Sons of Jacob” uses theonomic ideology to launch a revolution.[7] The United States Constitution is suspended, newspapers are censored, and what was formerly the United States of America is changed into a military dictatorship known as the Republic of Gilead. The new regime moves quickly to consolidate its power, overtaking all other religious groups, including traditional Christian denominations. In addition, the regime reorganizes society using a peculiar interpretation of some Old Testament ideas, and a new militarized, hierarchical model of social and religious fanaticism among its newly created social classes. Above all, the biggest change is the severe limitation of people’s rights, especially those of women, who are not allowed to read, write, own property, or handle money. Most significantly, women are deprived of control over their own reproductive functions.

The story is told in first-person narration by a woman named Offred. In this era of environmental pollution and radiation, she is one of the few remaining fertile women. Therefore, she is forcibly assigned to produce children for the “Commanders,” the ruling class of men, and is known as a “Handmaid” based on the biblical story of Rachel and her handmaid Bilhah. Apart from Handmaids, other women are also classed socially and follow a strict dress code, ranked highest to lowest: the Commanders’ Wives in blue; the Handmaids in red with white veils around their faces; the Aunts (who train and indoctrinate the Handmaids) in brown; the Marthas (cooks and maids) in green; Econowives (the wives of lower-ranking men who handle everything in the domestic sphere) in blue, red and green stripes; young, unmarried girls in white; and widows in black.

Offred details her life starting with her third assignment as a Handmaid to a Commander. Interspersed with her narratives of her present-day experiences are flashbacks of her life before and during the beginning of the revolution, including her failed attempt to escape to Canada with her husband and child, her indoctrination into life as a Handmaid by the Aunts, and the escape of her friend Moira from the indoctrination facility. At her new home, she is treated poorly by the Commander’s wife, a former Christian media personality named Serena Joy who supported women’s domesticity and subordinate role well before Gilead was established. To Offred’s surprise, the Commander requests to see her outside of the “Ceremony,” a reproductive ritual obligatory for handmaids and intended to result in conception in the presence of his wife. The two begin an illegal relationship where they play Scrabble and Offred is allowed to ask favours of him, whether in terms of information or material items. Finally, he gives her lingerie and takes her to a covert, government-run brothel called Jezebel’s. Offred unexpectedly encounters Moira there, with her will broken, and she learns that those who are found breaking the law are sent to the Colonies to clean up toxic waste or are allowed to work at Jezebel’s as punishment.

In the days between her visits to the Commander, Offred also learns from her shopping partner, a woman called Ofglen, of the Mayday resistance, an underground network working to overthrow the Republic of Gilead. Not knowing of Offred’s criminal acts with her husband, Serena begins to suspect that the Commander is infertile, and arranges for Offred to begin a covert sexual relationship with Nick, the Commander’s personal servant. After their initial sexual encounter, Offred and Nick begin to meet on their own initiative as well, with Offred discovering that she enjoys these intimate moments despite memories of her husband, and shares potentially dangerous information about her past with him. However, shortly after, Ofglen disappears (reported as a suicide), and Serena finds evidence of the relationship between Offred and the Commander, which causes Offred to contemplate suicide.

Offred tells Nick that she thinks she is pregnant. Shortly afterward, men arrive at the house wearing the uniform of the secret police, the Eyes of God, known informally as “the Eyes”, to take her away. As she is led to a waiting van, Nick tells her to trust him and go with the men. It is unclear whether the men are actually Eyes or members of the Mayday resistance. Offred is still unsure if Nick is a member of Mayday or an Eye posing as one, and does not know if leaving will result in her escape or her capture. Ultimately, she enters the van with her future uncertain.

The novel concludes with a metafictional epilogue, described as a partial transcript of an international historical association conference taking place in the year 2195. The keynote speaker explains that Offred’s account of the events of the novel was recorded onto cassette tapes later found and transcribed by historians studying what is then called “the Gilead Period”.

How to do a case study ?

Preparing the Case

Before you begin writing, follow these guidelines to help you prepare and understand the case study:

  1. Read and Examine the Case Thoroughly
    • Take notes, highlight relevant facts, underline key problems.
  2. Focus Your Analysis
    • Identify two to five key problems.
    • Why do they exist?
    • How do they impact the organization?
    • Who is responsible for them?
  3. Uncover Possible Solutions/Changes Needed
    • Review course readings, discussions, outside research, your experience.
  4. Select the Best Solution
    • Consider strong supporting evidence, pros, and cons. Is this solution realistic?

Drafting the Case

Once you have gathered the necessary information, a draft of your analysis should include these general sections, but these may differ depending on your assignment directions or your specific case study:

  1. Introduction
    • Identify the key problems and issues in the case study.
    • Formulate and include a thesis statement, summarizing the outcome of your analysis in 1–2 sentences.
  2. Background
    • Set the scene: background information, relevant facts, and the most important issues.
    • Demonstrate that you have researched the problems in this case study.
  3. Evaluation of the Case
    • Outline the various pieces of the case study that you are focusing on.
    • Evaluate these pieces by discussing what is working and what is not working.
    • State why these parts of the case study are or are not working well.
  4. Proposed Solution/Changes
    • Provide specific and realistic solution(s) or changes needed.
    • Explain why this solution was chosen.
    • Support this solution with solid evidence, such as:
      • Concepts from class (text readings, discussions, lectures)
      • Outside research
      • Personal experience (anecdotes)
  5. Recommendations
    • Determine and discuss specific strategies for accomplishing the proposed solution.
    • If applicable, recommend further action to resolve some of the issues.
    • What should be done and who should do it?

Finalizing the Case

After you have composed the first draft of your case study analysis, read through it to check for any gaps or inconsistencies in content or structure:

  • Is your thesis statement clear and direct?
  • Have you provided solid evidence?
  • Is any component from the analysis missing?

Informal Communication-Improve English Conversations

When we communicate with our family, friends, relatives or even strangers in a casual set up, it is called Informal communication. This includes exchange of casual words- views or opinions, ideas or other interactions where the intention is only to know the person or acquire some knowledge. It is not meant for formal expression or behaviour.

It is important that we communicate effectively even if we are in an informal set up. It gives an impact and creates an impression in the mind of the other person about you. Good communication helps you enhance your growth as an individual. There is some framework you would work upon in order to be a good communicator.

It is important that your message reaches the intended person the way you mean it. There are some behavioural patterns to be followed when you interact with somebody regardless of the person’s age or gender. The most important thing to keep in mind is to respect them.

  • Never use rude words with anyone. Always be calm and speak softly. Nobody likes a person who is aggressive and harsh in his/her behaviour.

Whenever you are talking with somebody, give that person the time to complete his point. Listen carefully to what the other person is trying to convey through his words to you.

  • Never jump in between a conversation or disturb/stop somebody in-between. Let them complete and then you speak.

Keep your lines precise and avoid useless information or words which may lengthen the message and the real meaning gets lost.

  • Avoid jargon so as to make the message understandable. Also, speak only what is necessary. Speaking out unnecessary stuff may get your real message lost in the conversation.

Your body language should go with what you are conveying to the speaker/listener. The other person should not feel you are trying to dominate him/her.

  • Don’t be too loud with your body language when you are speaking and express your alertness through your body language while listening to somebody. It will assure the person of interaction from your side.
Photo by Matheus Bertelli on Pexels.com

The way you address the other person is important in deciding the response you will get from him/her. It is also the case of a formal discussion or conversation.

It is all upto you that how well you express yourself in front of others, the similar response you will get! Also, you should take into consideration whom are you talking with. This simply focus on the personality or behaviour of the person you are trying to communicate.

It is often a problem that people don’t know how to start a conversation with a stranger or a high official person. Making new friends is included in this. Since English as a language is preferred all across , the basics you can start with is to address the person saying hello, with a smile or in the formal manner(good morning) as the case may be. Initiate with what you want to say, with clarity of thought. Don’t mix up your words and make sure the person is listening to you and is interested in continuing the talk. There needs to be some common topics to make up a friend otherwise you won’t get expected response.

The way you address should be in accordance with the personality of the person; whether he/she accept frank behaviour or likes to talk about information, entertainment, etc. All such aspects help ending up with an engaging conversation. There might be people who don’t like talking much. In that situation, you avoid it and let them have their space.