Mutual Funds

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A mutual fund is a company that pools money from many investors and invests the money in securities such as stocks, bonds, and short-term debt. The combined holdings of the mutual fund are known as its portfolio. Investors buy shares in mutual funds.

Why do people buy mutual funds?

Mutual funds are a popular choice among investors because they generally offer the following features:

1. Professional Management -:The fund managers research for you. They select the securities and monitor the performance.
2. Diversification-: “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” Mutual funds typically invest in a range of companies and industries. This helps to lower your risk if one company fails.
3. Affordability -: Most mutual funds set a relatively low dollar amount for initial investment and subsequent purchases.
4. Liquidity -: Mutual fund investors can easily redeem their shares at any time, for the current net asset value (NAV) plus any redemption fees.

What types of mutual funds are there?

1. Money market funds-: Have relatively low risks. By law, they can invest only in certain high-quality, short-term investments issued by U.S. corporations, and federal, state, and local governments.
2. Bond funds-: Have higher risks than money market funds because they typically aim to produce higher returns. Because there are many different types of bonds, the risks and rewards of bond funds can vary dramatically.
3. Stock funds-: Invest in corporate stocks. Not all stock funds are the same. Some examples are:
• Growth funds-: focus on stocks that may not pay a regular dividend but have the potential for above-average financial gains.
• Income funds-: invest in stocks that pay regular dividends.
• Index funds-: track a particular market index such as the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index.
• Sector funds-: specialize in a particular industry segment.
4. Target date funds -: Hold a mix of stocks, bonds, and other investments. Over time, the mix gradually shifts according to the fund’s strategy. Target date funds, sometimes known as lifecycle funds, are designed for individuals with particular retirement dates in mind.

What are the benefits and risks of mutual funds?

Mutual funds offer professional investment management and potential diversification. They also offer three ways to earn money:

1. Dividend Payments -: A fund may earn income from dividends on stock or interest on bonds. The fund then pays the shareholders nearly all the income, and fewer expenses.
2. Capital Gains Distributions -: The price of the securities in a fund may increase. When a fund sells a security that has increased in price, the fund has a capital gain. At the end of the year, the fund distributes these capital gains, minus any capital losses, to investors.
3. Increased NAV -: If the market value of a fund’s portfolio increases, after deducting expenses, then the value of the fund and its shares increases. The higher NAV reflects the higher value of your investment.


A fund’s past performance is not as important as you might think because past performance does not predict future returns. But past performance can tell you how volatile or stable a fund has been over a while. The more volatile the fund, the higher the investment risk.

How to buy and sell mutual funds:

Investors buy mutual fund shares from the fund itself or through a broker for the fund, rather than from other investors. The price that investors pay for the mutual fund is the fund’s per share net asset value plus any fees charged at the time of purchase, such as sales loads.

Mutual fund shares are “redeemable,” meaning investors can sell the shares back to the fund at any time. The fund usually must send you the payment within seven days.

Before buying shares in a mutual fund, read the prospectus carefully. The prospectus contains information about the mutual fund’s investment objectives, risks, performance, and expenses.

Avoiding fraud:

By law, each mutual fund is required to file a prospectus and regular shareholder reports with the SEC. Before you invest, be sure to read the prospectus and the required shareholder reports. Additionally, the investment portfolios of mutual funds are managed by separate entities known as “investment advisers” that are registered with the SEC. Always check that the investment adviser is registered before investing.

Are mutual funds safe?

Mutual funds are a safe investment if you understand them. Investors should not be worried about the short-term fluctuation in returns while investing in equity funds. You should choose the right mutual fund, which is in sync with your investment goals and invest with a long-term horizon.

Secrets to becoming wealthy from Famous Billionaires

Secrets revealed by famous billionaires being successful in this or that way is what we all want to achieve from Mark Zuckerberg to Elon Musk following their simple success principles is guaranteed to change your life.

Find your goal and formulate it correctly

Steve Jobs did not want to release a phone his goal is a phone that could function as a computer but was easy to use your goal should be specific. For Example, you like to bake cakes and you would like to do it more often and give some profit out of it I want to bake cakes for money is an incorrect way to formulate your goal the right goal would be to open a bakery where my cakes will be sold if you dream of a world tour it will be wrong to set a goal I want to travel the world it’s a wish not a goal the right formulation would be I want to earn twenty thousand dollars for my travels. 

Make a plan and follow it

Hypothetically if we explain the situation then it should be, How are you going to travel around the world what kind of Transportation are you going to use what will be your route when are you going to start planning short term and long term goals to help to identify weaknesses and major tasks that need to be focused on perhaps after drawing up the plan you will understand that your goal is not to earn twenty thousand dollars for a trip on a liner but to find like-minded people for hitchhiking around the world Elon Musk wants to colonize Mars having drawn up the plan he concluded that the main obstacle was the high cost of flying to the Red Planet now Elon is busy developing more economical space transport.

Don’t hold yourself back

You’ve probably heard about such a thing as emotional intelligence it is the ability not to suppress but to manage your emotions and display them where it’s appropriate also suppressed emotions are worse than physical well-being therefore do not be shy to show you true feelings and emotions at least for visiting doctors less often look at Oprah Winfrey for example that strong powerful woman always speaks up and shows how she truly feels about something that matters to her. 

Love what you do

Truly loving what you do and believing in its importance if you are not obsessed with your own business or the goal you are aiming at the path to success will be long and most likely endless if you’re not in love with your job it’s difficult to change your attitude towards it if you cannot quit trying to consider your current position as a tool to achieve your goal. For example, Once Mark Zuckerberg shared his favourite story that in 1962 John Kennedy visited the NASA Space Center in one of the offices he noticed the cleaner who was so engrossed in sweeping the floor that he did not even notice him, “Hi I’m John Kennedy what are you doing here” Kennedy addressed him then the janitor answered, “I’m working so that humanity could go to the moon Mr. president”.

Do what feels right to you

There will always be people giving you advice and offering you once-in-a-lifetime opportunities they might be indeed doing it trying to help you however taking the decision only out of fear that the opportunity will be lost is wrong let your personal beliefs and inspiration move you not fear only do what feels right to you and when it feels right to you follow Warren Buffett’s advice “you don’t have to swing at everything you can wait for your pitch”.

Spent money consciously

If you are obsessed with your goal then the refusal of a dress or any other impulse purchase will be an easy task for you. For Example, If you need to buy another dress go ahead but before you do it consider how much closer this dress will bring you to your goal Steve Jobs used to say spending a dollar wisely is more difficult than earning it that’s very wise weren’t you going to travel around the world maybe it’s better to buy sneakers in which it will be more comfortable to hitchhike or to take a foreign language course without which it will be difficult to organize a budget trip 

Use your time wisely

Time is a valuable resource and one should also approach it in a conscious way just like spending money Mark Zuckerberg is positive that you can’t succeed if you spend your energy on stupid and frivolous things so he is trying to cleanse his life from things that don’t have any sense choosing clothes is one of those things according to him no surprise we see him in the same great t-shirt every day we all have more significant time consumers than choosing clothes, For Example, the inability to say no to gossip social media the wish to do several tasks simultaneously and then stop halfway all these things consume the time that would be better invested in yourself just like other resources.

Set priorities

It is impossible to be successful in everything. For Example, Elon Musk believes in solar systems but understands that he doesn’t have enough strength for everything that’s why he dedicated himself to Tesla and SpaceX and the Solar City project is managed by other specialists the habit of prioritizing is useful not only in work but also in other aspects of life if you decided to spend an evening with your family do not get distracted by work and friends the desire to succeed in everything will not only lead to failure but will also consume your energy.

Say no to Stereotypes

Many of you have heard these things from other people that, “woman’s place is in the kitchen”, “real men don’t cry”, “we need children to have someone taking care of us when we are old” how often do you hear those stereotypes distort our perception of reality and also prevent us from having a good life achieving our goals and being happy it was the desire to be different from others that helped many billionaires become what they are today. Steve Jobs knew what he was talking about your time is limited that’s why you shouldn’t lose it by living other people’s lives do not fall into the trap of dogma do not let the noise of other people’s opinions beat your inner voice.

Live not only for yourself

For modern billionaires philanthropy is a spiritual priority many of them spend money to support the needy to develop art education and medicine Bill Gates and Warren Buffett started them The Giving Pledge campaign the idea of which is donating 50% of their income to charity there are more than 150 participants in this campaign including Mark Zuckerberg, George Lucas, Victor Pinchuk, and Vladimir Putin in giving someone your time attention and energy means investing in them prioritizing correctly is important children in orphanages or animals and shelters need your time.

The principles described above won’t make your billionaire overnight but success doesn’t always mean money it’s also about doing what you love and feeling happy.