Tag: civil services

Give out the major sources of terror funding in India and the efforts being made to curtail these sources. In the light of this, also discuss the aim and objective of the No Money for Terror (NMFT)' Conference recently held at New Delhi in November 2022.

Here are the major sources of terror funding in India and the efforts being made to curtail these sources
*Major sources of terror funding in India:*
– *State Sponsorship*: States sponsor crimes and support terrorist organizations to further their diplomatic interests.
– *Counterfeit Currency*: Counterfeit Indian currency is used by neighboring states to destabilize the Indian economy.
– *Organized Crime*: Criminal organizations work in nexus and are often connected to bigger terrorist groups.
– *Extortion*: Extortion remains the biggest source of funding of terrorism in India, especially in the North-East.
– *Hawala System*: This is an illegal method of transferring money, generally through international borders that is used by criminal networks.
– *Donations*: Contributions from sympathetic individuals and organizations.
– *Proxy organizations*: Funding from non-profit or charitable institutions which are put up as fronts.
– *Fake Currency Network*: Manufacturing counterfeit currency.
– *Hawala Operations*: Charge a fees for transfer of funds through an informal system.
– *Use of digital assets*: Such as cryptocurrencies.
*Efforts to curtail sources:*
– *National Investigation Agency (NIA)*: The premier agency in India for combating terror across states without special permission from the states.
– *Unlawful Activities Prevention Act*: This anti-terror legislation seeks to designate an individual as a “terrorist”.
– *National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID)*: A centralized data library of terror and crime-related information.
– *SAMADHAN Doctrine*: Developed specifically for the Left-Wing Extremism problems, it also aims to curb the access of terror organizations to funds.
– *Prevention of Money Laundering Act*: Focuses on preventing and controlling money laundering, with the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU-IND) receiving reports on suspicious transactions.
– *Enforcement Directorate*: Investigates money laundering offenses and coordinates internationally.
– *Combating Financing of Terrorism (CFT) Cell*: Addresses terror funding cases.
– *Terror Funding and Fake Currency Cell*: Constituted in National Investigation Agency (NIA) to tackle terror funding cases.
– *Amendments to the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act*: Expanded its scope in 2013.
– *India is a member of international bodies*: Like FATF, EAG, and APG, to combat terror funding.
*Aim and objective of the No Money for Terror (NMFT) Conference:*
– *Collaborate with countries*: To curtail terror and extremist funding.
– *Set up a secretariat*: To operate on the concept of collaboration and cooperation.
– *Investigate new and emerging threats*: To understand and counter new methods of propagating terrorism.
The No Money for Terror (NMFT) Conference aimed to bring countries together to combat terror funding and to set up a secretariat to collaborate and cooperate in this effort. The conference also aimed to investigate new and emerging threats and methods of propagating terrorism. India has been actively working to combat terror funding through various efforts, including the NIA, UAPA, NATGRID, and SAMADHAN Doctrine. Despite facing challenges from its neighbors, India stands firm against terrorism.

ROLE OF CIVIL SERVICES IN A DEMOCRACY

In a democracy, the civil services play an significant role in the administration, policy formulation and implementation, and in taking the country forward towards progress and development. Democracy is an egalitarian principle in which the people elect the people who govern over them. There are three pillars of modern democracy: Legislature Executive Judiciary.

The civil services form a part of the executive. While the ministers, who are part of the executive, are temporary and are reelected or replaced by the people by their will (through elections), the civil servants are the permanent part of the executive. The civil servants are accountable to the political executive, the ministers. The civil service is therefore a part of the government. Civil service officers are permanent employees of various government services. Basically, they are professional administrators. They are sometimes called bureaucracy or public service.

IMPORTANCE OF CIVIL SERVICES

The Importance of Civil Services

The Civil Service is present all over India and is therefore highly binding. It plays an important role in developing effective policies and regulations. It offers non- partisan advice to the country’s political leaders, even amid political turmoil. This service ensures effective coordination between different governing bodies, as well as between different departments, agencies, etc. It provides service delivery and leadership at different levels of governance.

FUNCTIONS

On the basis of government: There can be no government without an administrative apparatus. Law and policy enforcement: Public services are responsible for implementing laws and implementing policies set forth by the government. Policy formulation: The civil service is also primarily responsible for policy formulation. Civil service officers advise ministers on the matter and also provide them with facts and ideas.

In the context of political instability, public service brings stability and long-term. Although governments and ministers may come and go, civil service is a permanent fixture that gives the administrative organization a sense of stability and continuity. Tools for social change and economic development: Successful policy implementation will lead to positive changes in the lives of ordinary people. Only when the promised goods and services reach the intended recipients can the government call any program a success. The task of updating programs and policies rests with public service agents. Welfare services: Services that provide various social assistance regimes such as social security, benefits for the disadvantaged and vulnerable sections of society, pensions for the elderly, and hunger eradication. poverty reduction, etc. Development function: The service performs various development functions such as promoting modern technology in agriculture, promoting industry, commerce, banking function, bridging the digital divide, etc. Administrative Arbitration: Public services also provide quasi-judicial services by resolving disputes between the state and citizens, in the form of courts, etc.

CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CIVIL SERVICES

According to Articles 53 and 154, executive power of the Union and the Cantons rests with the President or the Governor directly or through his subordinate officers. These officers constitute the permanent civilian body and are governed by Part XIV of the Constitution (Services of the Union and the States (Articles 308-323)). Government of India Rules: The manner in which officers are required to assist the President or Governor in the performance of their executive functions is governed by the Rules. this. Article 311 – Dismissal, dismissal or dismissal of persons performing civil functions subordinate to the Union or a State. Section 312 – All India Services.

CONCLUSION

The civil servants are accountable to the Ministers of the agencies they serve. Ministers are accountable to the people through Parliament or state legislatures, and public servants are accountable to ministers. Ideally, they should serve the elected government of the day, as government policies are a function of public services. However, an impartial official is also responsible for the Constitution of India to which he has taken an oath allegiance.