The Palace of Illusions by Chitra Banarjee Devakaruni (2008) reimagines the world famous Indian epic, the Mahabharta. The story has been narrated from Draupadi’s point of view. It is half history, half myth and wholly magical.
Since the eternity, Draupadi has been blamed for being the cause of the great war while the actions of men are neglected. Drauopadi has been a passive figure in the past but Chitra Banerjee gives her a voice, the authority to navigate. The plot of Palace of Illusions majorly focuses her relationship with Krishna and her secret longing for Karna.
Draupadi and her brother Drishtadyum were born out of fire sacrifice. Draupadi was not expected, however was accepted. Both the siblings had been their for each other from the beginning. Her love for Dhri (Drishtdyum) stopped Draupadi from marrying Karna because Dhri’s life was at stake. This decision, however, she would regret or lifetime.
By becoming the wife of five brothers- the Pandavas, it was clear, Panchali had no absolute control over her fate. Infact she herself said
“Aren’t we all pawns in the hands of time, the greatest player of them all.”
Karna’s vengeance did not stop the Vastraharan- the most shameful act in history and Panchali became its victim.The anger brewing in her made her seek revenge through her husband. This feeling of vengeance in Draupadi is given more weightage. But people fail to see the faults of her husband who in addiction of the game and to keep his so called words betted his wife’s pride.
When the war started , it was Sage Vyaasa who assure Draupadi that the war was the result of seed sown long ago and not her fault. Several hundreds lost lives, Panchali lost her brother, father and beloved Karna only to get the blame of being the cause of war.
Only at the end when she dies, she comes to know her origin.
Try to remember that you are the instrument and I the doer.
Krishna to Panchali
Therefore it is clear at the end that Panchali was just a pawn and this fate was chosen for her by the almighty. This novel justifies the allegations put on her since time eternal.
Education is more than a black board and ahead of the school text books. Woefully education has just been dumped and limited to the curriculum followed in schools which comprises science, math enrichment singapore, social science, and languages. These five subjects cannot solely provide the skills required for the career of every individual in the long run. Although the above subjects frame a basic foundation for the students, education is beyond this small circle. It should facilitate quality learning all through the life which should be enduring. Education should be concentrated on a wide range of fields and provide platforms to exhibit the potentials of students across various sectors. Co curricular and extra curricular subjects are also very salient to be emboldened by the school managements to formulate a better path for the students. Let us take a look on some of the topics that could be enhanced and introduced in the school curriculum.
Physical training is a course taught in schools that focuses on developing physical fitness and it also promotes the student’s interests towards the various sports activities. In most of the schools this subject would be scheduled just one/ two periods per week and the students would be earnestly waiting for this period to arrive because this also acts an area of relaxation form the other tedious subjects. The sad reality is, the allotted two periods would also be taken away/borrowed sometimes by the other subject teachers. We take much pride if a person from our country/ state represents himself/herself in the Olympics. But the struggle faced by each individual to achieve such an eminent position is very challenging and they have to undertake trainings externally and some cannot afford to do so. Some even fail to take the opportunity due to the lack of training and guidance. Physical training should be given equal importance as the other subjects and if this is regularized in schools we can perceive many astounding talents.
Value education is the subject that inculcates moral values in students which aids them to shimmer in the society. Education without the social values is fruitless and ineffectual. The basic etiquettes taught will transform the students into better humans. It includes interpersonal developments, social mannerisms which develops students into a sensible person with strong character and values. The purpose of value-based education is to make the student work with the right attitude and standards to face the outside world. Value education helps students to become more responsive and practical. In some schools this subject is just concentrated at the time of exam. The objective is not only to recognize the values but also to reflect them in their behavior and attitudes.
Arts – Arts education encompasses a range of activities that help students with the development of motor skills, language skills, communication, inventiveness, problem solving skills etc. It stimulates the imagination and fuels it. It is a process of learning to create ourselves and supports the bigger view of life. These activities and experience help students to make sense of the world. This can boost the inner confidence in them to involve in productive works of their interest.
Computer knowledge Computer science is a subject in some schools only in the higher secondary education. The contemporary world being digitalized in all forms it is requisite to educate the computer knowledge form the early stages of life. This would be very helpful for the students to get along with the technologies and also in dealing with future projects and presentations.
Mindfulness(yoga) The stress of being a teenager should not be underestimated. Mental health is equally important as physical fitness. Mindfulness can develop skills for concentration and impulse control. Yoga, simple meditation and breathing skills will help in an efficient way for the younger minds to work more effectively. These classes could be taken for at least a period of 15 min to 30 min before the regular classes. It reduces and eliminates stress. It augments self esteem and empowerment. Mindfulness improves the student’s cognitive performance and better emotional and social intelligence.
The above topics and many other related subjects could be intensified and augmented in the school curriculum for a mindful and efficacious learning!!
A group of students with team named “AVISHKAR” from IIT Madras have been working tremendously towards the technology behind the future of transportation, HYPERLOOP. The team comprises of forty students from various department of IIT, madras. They have been working on this new prototype hyperloop project since last November.
BUT, WHAT IS HYPERLOOP?
Basically, hyperloop is a high speed mass transportation system. A hyperloop is a super speed ground-level transportation system in which people could travel in a hovering pod inside a vacuum tube at speeds as high as 760 mph (1220 km/h).
While talking about the product, Neel said, “Hyperloop is a proposed mode of transportation in which many pods will be traveling inside a vacuum tube, capable of attaining high speeds due to no air friction and reduced air drag.” It IS the fifth and most efficient mode of transportation that the world is moving towards, he added. Further he said, “Because Hyperloop is sustainable, it works on electrical energy, we can install Solar panels on top of the tube, which could store energy and the same energy could be used to propel the hyperloop. This is way more sustainable .”
HOW DOES A HYPERLOOP WORK?
It has three major components: a tube, pod, and terminal. The tube is a large low pressure system that is sealed and tube can be constructed either above or below the ground. A pod is a coach that runs inside this controlled system and this pod employs magnetic or aerodynamic levitation along with electromagnetic or aerodynamic propulsion to glide along a fixed guideway. The terminals are used for arrivals and departures. Hyperloop is based on simple science called Magnetic levitation. But one thing that needs to be noted is, that it requires complex machinery and sensors to make a Pod travel at nearly 1000 km/h inside a vacuum tube. However the team has cracked that and named their pod “GARV”, which translates to “PRIDE”. It consists of Carbon Fiber shell, packed with advanced machinery and sensors.
STATEMENT:
Pranit, who is Head of Braking Module, said that Garv is their second Pod which is more efficient and lighter than the one they designed for SpaceX. “This time we are introducing several technologies like linear induction motor to achieve ‘contactless propulsion’ and ‘contactless braking. The motor produces a magnetic field which makes the Pod move forward and the contactless Braking has magnets which come closer to the rail, creating a Braking force and decelerating the Pod,” Pranit added.
Parth, a member of the Controls team, said, “Our team started in November. Everything we did online such as brainstorming sessions and discussions about the simulations. Once we were confident, we came back to the institute and started working on the Pod.” He said, “We are participating in European Hyperloop Week which will be conducted on 19th – 25th July and Valencia, Spain. Because of the pandemic, we are forced to compete virtually, but that is not a setback for us.”
EUROPEAN HYPERLOOP WEEK SELECTION:
With all their hard work, they have now crossed the hurdle and are qualified for the European Hyperloop Week that is to be held in Valencia, Spain from July 19 to 25. The team will participate virtually due to pandemic restrictions. With upgraded prototype, the team estimates the travel time between Chennai and Bangalore to be a mere 30 minutes ride instead of a six hours journey. They are also working on the study of energy, costs, demands and other aspects of hyperloop so as to access the economic feasibility of hyperloop in India.
The pillar of the student, the second parent of any child. Why exactly do we celebrate teacher’s day? Is it that much essential? What role it actually play in our lives?
“A teacher effects eternity; they can never tell where their influence stops.”
Well said by- Henry Adams.
The most important people in any person’s life is the one who trained you, guide you and mentor you. When a human came in to this life in this world his/her parents are the first most important people who love them and care for them. But a child cannot be live with their parents always. It is the rule of this era one should have to go outside and face the world.
Have you ever think why a child should go to school? Is his/her parents are not enough to conquer them? Absolutely not, The level to understanding that a child shared with their parents is very different which no one can attain. But at some point of time parents are quite emotional for their child, their intake are always focused on the fact that their child should resemble them. but this world, maturity, functioning of the creator doesn’t work like this. while on the other hand teacher is like a government even if we are mature enough to handle everything still there are certain decisions of which we are not at all familiar of. The mind of the teacher is like an Internet it contains lot of information and it can also give you lot of knowledge. let me share a story for that: “Once upon a time a 6 year old child got the information about the mobile phone and he really want to know more about it. As a student he is very bright and focused for his studies but also want to understand why really we need to have a mobile phone. so firstly he contacted his parents and asked them about the mobile phones. Since his parents is already using the one they show him and explain how it actually works. it really fascinate him and he requested his parents to buy them. On the other hand when he asked the same with his teacher she give him the same definition that his parents give but with a little twist, she strictly tell him to not buy for himself because of his age. It eventually angry the child and he decided he will anyhow get a mobile phone for himself and make his teacher proven wrong. And as a result he gets addicted to it, always playing games in the phone, his academic gets drastically decrease.”
Now you understand, what is the actual meaning of teacher. They not only emotionally connected with you they are also mentally connected with you. If this person is really that much important why doesn’t we hate teacher’s so much…..funny but true.
The main reason that a person is called as a teacher is because of her students and her teaching’s. You know what, may be any teacher is just like a human being but still there are some importance that teacher have that nobody have. Do you know what is it? The patience and learning they shared to the children. Teacher’s are the only person who teach you guide you without any reason of profit their only focus is to give best knowledge to you.
So dont you think we need to give the fullest of respect to the most respected person.
The pillar of the student, the second parent of any child. Why exactly do we celebrate teacher’s day? Is it that much essential? What role it actually play in our lives?
“A teacher effects eternity; they can never tell where their influence stops.”
Well said by- Henry Adams.
The most important people in any person’s life is the one who trained you, guide you and mentor you. When a human came in to this life in this world his/her parents are the first most important people who love them and care for them. But a child cannot be live with their parents always. It is the rule of this era one should have to go outside and face the world.
Have you ever think why a child should go to school? Is his/her parents are not enough to conquer them? Absolutely not, The level to understanding that a child shared with their parents is very different which no one can attain. But at some point of time parents are quite emotional for their child, their intake are always focused on the fact that their child should resemble them. but this world, maturity, functioning of the creator doesn’t work like this. while on the other hand teacher is like a government even if we are mature enough to handle everything still there are certain decisions of which we are not at all familiar of. The mind of the teacher is like an Internet it contains lot of information and it can also give you lot of knowledge. let me share a story for that: “Once upon a time a 6 year old child got the information about the mobile phone and he really want to know more about it. As a student he is very bright and focused for his studies but also want to understand why really we need to have a mobile phone. so firstly he contacted his parents and asked them about the mobile phones. Since his parents is already using the one they show him and explain how it actually works. it really fascinate him and he requested his parents to buy them. On the other hand when he asked the same with his teacher she give him the same definition that his parents give but with a little twist, she strictly tell him to not buy for himself because of his age. It eventually angry the child and he decided he will anyhow get a mobile phone for himself and make his teacher proven wrong. And as a result he gets addicted to it, always playing games in the phone, his academic gets drastically decrease.”
Now you understand, what is the actual meaning of teacher. They not only emotionally connected with you they are also mentally connected with you. If this person is really that much important why doesn’t we hate teacher’s so much…..funny but true.
The main reason that a person is called as a teacher is because of her students and her teaching’s. You know what, may be any teacher is just like a human being but still there are some importance that teacher have that nobody have. Do you know what is it? The patience and learning they shared to the children. Teacher’s are the only person who teach you guide you without any reason of profit their only focus is to give best knowledge to you.
So dont you think we need to give the fullest of respect to the most respected person.
Many birds that form flocks compete through aggressive interaction for priority of access to resources such as food and shelter. The result of repeated interactions between flock members is that each bird gains a particular social status related to its fighting ability, with priority of access to resources increasing with higher status. As the number and intensity of interactions between birds increase, however, so increase the costs to each birds in terms of energy expenditure, time, and risk of injury. Thus, birds possessing attributes that reduce the number of costly interactions in which they must be involved, without leading to a reduction in status, are at an advantage. An external signal, such as a plumage type, announcing fighting ability and thereby obviating the actual need to fight, could be one such attribute.
Paragraph 2
The zoologist Rohwer assented that plumage variations in “Harris sparrows” support the status signaling hypothesis (SSH). He reported that almost without exception birds with darker throats win conflicts with individuals having lighter plumage. He claimed that even among birds of the same age and sex the amount of dark plumage predicts relative dominance status.
Paragraph 3
However, Rohwer’s data do not support his assertions: in one of his studies darker birds won only 57 out of 75 conflicts; within another, focusing on conflicts between birds of the same age group or sex, darker birds won 63 and lost 62. There are indications that plumage probably does signal broad age-related differences in status among Harris sparrows: adults, usually dark throated, have higher status than juveniles, who are usually light throated; moreover, juveniles dyed to resemble adults are dominant over undyed juveniles. However, the Harris sparrows’ age-related plumage differences do not signal the status of individual birds within an age class, and thus cannot properly be included under the term “status signaling.”
Unemployment has become one of the biggest problems around the world. When an individual is an implied, he or she will know very less about the mankind. It is so difficult to face situation and handle situations when the individual is unemployed. Unemployment leads to many silly mistakes. And an unemployed person cannot take over the family and lead the family as well. There is a huge competition in highly populated countries like India. In order to be employed, the only method is to study hard and improve the skills and score better. Basically, the students are not showing good amount of interest towards the studies. Let us now see how to motivate them.
Covid crisis has made many people unemployed. It has taken away the basic need of living. Many people are left with the unfilled stomachs. Some people are dead about by not finding a way to live.
Types of unemployment :
There are four main types of unemployment in an economy frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal and each has a different cause.
1. Frictional unemployment :
Frictional unemployment is caused by temporary transitions in workers lives, such as when a worker moves to a new city and has to find a new job. Frictional unemployment also includes people just entering the labor force, such as freshly graduated college students. It is the most common cause of unemployment, and it is always in effect in an economy.
2. Structural unemployment :
Structural unemployment is caused by a mismatch in the demographics of workers and the types of jobs available, either when there are jobs available that workers don’t have the skills for, or when there are workers availabes but no jobs to fill. Structural unemployment is most obvious in industries undergoing technological advancements.
3. Cyclical unemployment :
Cyclical unemployment is caused by declining demand. When there is not enough demand in an economy for goods and services, businesses cannot offer jobs . According to keynesian economics , cyclical unemployment is a natural result of the business cycle in times of recession: if all consumers become fearful at once, consumers will attempt to increase their saving at the same time, which means there will be a decrease in spending, and businesses will not be able to employ all employable workers.
4. Seasonal unemployment :
Seasonal unemployment is caused by different industries or parts of the labor market being available during different seasons. Fot instance, unemployment goes up in the winter months, because many agricultural jobs end oncr crops are have harvested in the fall, and those wotkers are left to find new jobs.
Consequences of unemployment in an Economy :
Low unemployment is key to economic stability High and long- term unemployment can cause significant stress on a nation in three key areas.
* Individuals :
Unemployed people have no ability to fulfill their financial obligations and can become mentally stressed, ill, and even homeless.
* Economic efficiency :
During times of high unemployment many job seekers will accept new jobs below their skill level, a situation called “underemployment ” which translates to a loss of human capital for an economys labor market. Unemployed workers will also significantly decreases their consumer spending, which is one of the driving forces of economic growth. Without consumer spending, the economy will slow dramatically.
* socio- political stability :
If unemployment remains high, citizen dissatisfaction can rise to the point of widespread civil unrest.
Possible solutions for Unemployment :
Solving unemployment is a hotly debated topic, and no economists agree on one simple way to do it. However, in the U.S ,if unemployment rises noticeably, the government usually steps in with specific policies designed to lower the total number of unemployed people.
1. Monetary policy :
Monetary policy is financial influence implemented by a central bank . Monetary policies usually come in the form of lower interest rates, which increase the total money supply within an economy by allowing banks and businesses more access to loans and therefore, more accessible spending power.
2. Fiscal policy :
If expansionary monetary policy doesn’t adequately lower the unemployment rate government agencies will turn to fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is fiscal stimulus implemented by the national government and fiscal policies include spending on infrastructure, proposingtax cuts , increasing the minimum wage, or implementing unemployment benefits. These methods are designed to inject more demand into private economy and strengthen economic activity.
Let us now see some of the ways to motivate the students to study and get employeed.
• Make things easier :
Showing the things easier and explaining them with clarity helps the students to show better interest on the subject and makes them to pay more attention on what the teacher is trying to convey. When the topics are shown easier for the students, they start learning them and they feel achieved and they pay more attention to study. When a student learns a particular topic or a question, he/she feels comfortable and happy for getting it. Once if they start reading, they develop the interest in them and they continue to read more and more.
• Tell the importance :
The students must be motivated with good number of words to understand the need of studying and what happens if they don’t study. A student is like a bird without the wings when they don’t study. So, it is very important to motivate students to study and to make them understand the need of the situation. Motivation brings the right change in the students who are not interested in learning. It develops the interest in them to study.
It seems good if the government provides good number of jobs.
What it means to “explain” something in science often comes down to the application of mathematics. Some thinkers hold that mathematics is a kind of language–a systematic contrivance of signs, the criteria for the authority of which are internal coherence, elegance, and depth. The application of such a highly artificial system to the physical world, they claim, results in the creation of a kind of statement about the world. Accordingly, what matters in the sciences is finding a mathematical concept that attempts, as other language does, to accurately describe the functioning of some aspect of the world
At the center of the issue of scientific knowledge can thus be found questions about the relationship between language and what it refers to. A discussion about the role played by language in the pursuit of knowledge has been going on among linguists for several decades. The debate centers around whether language corresponds in some essential way to objects and behaviors, making knowledge a solid and reliable commodity; or, on the other hand, whether the relationship between language and things is purely a matter of agreed-upon conventions, making knowledge tenuous, relative, and inexact.
Lately the latter theory has been gaining wider acceptance. According to linguists who support this theory, the way language is used varies depending upon changes in accepted practices and theories among those who work in particular discipline. These linguists argue that, in the pursuit of knowledge, a statement is true only when there are no promising alternatives that might lead one to question it. Certainly this characterization would seem to be applicable to the sciences. In science, a mathematical statement may be taken to account for every aspect of a phenomenon it is applied to, but, some would argue, there is nothing inherent in mathematical language that guarantees such a correspondence. Under this view, acceptance of a mathematical statement by the scientific community–by virtue of the statement’s predictive power or methodological efficiency–transforms what is basically an analogy or metaphor into an explanation of the physical process in question, to be held as true until another, more compelling analogy takes its place.
Health education is a profession of educating people about health. Areas within this profession encompass environmental health, physical health, social health, emotional health, intellectual health, and spiritual health, as well as sexual and reproductive health education.
Health education teaches about physical, mental, emotional and social health. It motivates students to improve and maintain their health, prevent disease, and reduce risky behaviours. It also focuses on emotional, mental and social health too. Educating students on the importance of health builds their motivation.
Health education is one strategy for implementing health promotion and disease prevention programs. Health education provides learning experiences on health topics. Health education strategies are tailored for their target population. Health education presents information to target populations on particular health topics, including the health benefits/threats they face, and provides tools to build capacity and support behavior change in an appropriate setting.
History
From the late nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, the aim of public health was controlling the harm from infectious diseases, which were largely under control by the 1950s. By the mid 1970s it was clear that reducing illness, death, and rising health care costs could best be achieved through a focus on health promotion and disease prevention. At the heart of the new approach was the role of a health educator.
Code of ethics
The Health Education Code of Ethics has been a work in progress since approximately 1976, begun by the Society for Public Health Education (SOPHE).
“The Code of Ethics that has evolved from this long and arduous process is not seen as a completed project. Rather, it is envisioned as a living document that will continue to evolve as the practice of Health Education changes to meet the challenges of the new millennium.”
Importance of Health Education .
Health education builds student’s knowledge, skills, and positive attitudes about health. Health education teaches about physical, mental, emotional and social health. It motivates students to improve and maintain their health, prevent disease, and reduce risky behaviours.
Health education curricula and instruction help students to learn skills so that they will use to make healthy choices throughout their lifetime.
Health education teaches people of all ages about how diet and exercise contribute to a healthy lifestyle. It also encourages positive changes in behaviour and lowers the risk of addiction to drugs, alcohol and unsafe sexual practices. The majority of schools around the country have courses aimed at teaching health education to students. These courses often revolve around the body, healthy eating, sex and exercising. Some students are taught basic health and physical fitness early on. More in-depth courses are designed for middle and high school students.
Health education encourages a person to make healthy choices. They are instructed to avoid unhealthy habits. ‘A sound mind lives in a sound body’. Rabindranath Tagore and C.V. Raman, if they were confined to sick bed, could not have won the Nobel Prize. In fact, a sickly student with all his talents and abilities lags behind in the race of life.
Health education also teaches about the emotional and mental health of the student. A healthy person is the happiest person in the world.
“child labour” is often defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development.
Various causes of child labour like the curse of poverty, lack of educational resources, Social and economic backwardness, Addiction, disease or disability, The lure of cheap labour, Family tradition, Discrimination between boys and girls.
Why does child labour happen?
POVERTY When families cannot afford to meet their basic needs like food, water, education or health care, they have no choice but to send their children to work to supplement the household income.
LACK OF ACCES TO QUALITY EDUCATION School needs to be a welcoming environment, with appropriate class sizes, a curriculum designed for the local context, and affordable for rural communities.
LIMITED UNDERSTANDING OF CHILD LABOUR When families do not understand the dangers of child labour, and how these impact on the health, safety, well-being and future of their child, they are more likely to send their children to work.
Child labour act in India
Article 24 of the Indian constitution clearly states that, “No child below the age of fourteen years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or employed in any hazardous employment.”
The Children (Pledging of Labour) Act, passed into law in 1933, is the first acknowledgment of the problem of child bondage.
Women , the primary caregivers of almost every family of our country, tend to be the most discriminated against in almost every sphere- whether social, economic, political and especially health. And now as we are stuck in the pandemic, we are bound to bounce back decades on our progress made on poverty, education and healthcare. (Source: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs) , and the women will , once again, be on the frontline.
With the female LFPR of 20.8% in 2019(fallen from 30.27% in 1990) that was not even half the global average of 47% and the women’s share in new formal payrolls below 20% in August 2020, India was no country for working women even before the pandemic. And now, due to the pandemic, women who earlier accounted for only 24% of the total workforce, now share 28% of the total number of jobs lost.
Reasons:
According to Mckinsey study, women did 75% of the world’s total unpaid work. With people being stuck in homes due to the pandemic, the household workload on women increased indefinitely, which is why many of them left their jobs.
Either due to pregnancy and related reasons or due to vaccine hesitancy, fewer women were taking vaccine jabs.
Women are more likely to engage in unorganized sector, hence, being more prone to loosing jobs in such times of crisis. (eg.- tailoring and stitching, house-help)
Post pandemic, women are 11 times more unlikely to return to work and women comprise 48.04% percentage of the population. For a country that wishes for a speedy economic recovery as well as future growth, a 79.8% (and increasing) working population being a liability on the economy doesn’t align well with its economic ambitions.
Degrading social status-
With increased news publishing related to domestic violence, child marriages, sexual abuse and women trafficking during the pandemic, it’s hardly an assumption that the conditions of women will deteriorate further in days to come.
Reasons:
With decreasing family incomes, women school dropout rate has increased and will continue to do so in the near future.
With everything going online, children with no digital equipment accessibility lag behind. The households that are able to afford internet connectivity and mobiles give preference to their male child.
Due to being stuck in the house, the female members spend a larger amount of time doing house-hold work. So, they find less time to devote to studies that now require more effort. Also, it tends to align them more towards house-hold work as well as present them primarily as caregivers amongst the younger generations.
Women increasingly suffer from online harassment. In such cases, it takes a larger amount of time to track down the perpetrator as the person’s identity is unknown.
With the administration occupied with covid-19 management, the cases of child marriage, trafficking and domestic violence are on rise. Women, being stuck in the same house as their molester and many-a-times being financially dependent on them due to job-loss during pandemic, find it difficult to file a complaint.
Health Concerns-
In India, women already suffer from malnutrition, morbidity and various maternal as-well-as reproductive health issues. In addition to this, women are more prone to mental health issues as well. As of July 2005, women represented approximately 40 percent of HIV/AIDS cases in India. These situations of pandemic are bound to worsen the already poor conditions of female health.
Reasons:
The reduction in supply of food due to reducing incomes affect the food security of women the most when compared to any other member of the family.
Women can, now, no longer afford menstrual sanitation products and contraceptives
Being a victim of domestic violence or even stress, a woman’s mental as well as physical well-being will be neglected.
Women with underlying health conditions have, due to declining economic resources, experienced worsening health conditions as a result of skipping medical care.
What can be done??
The PDS system should be expanded to provide dry ration for a longer duration as well as larger amount. It should also include sanitary napkins .
Through ASHA workers, the government should spread awareness related to reproductive health, hygiene and mental health as well.
The government can grant free internet as well as set up mobile towers in areas of low connectivity. Also, internet cafes following proper covid-19 norms should be set up to provide digital equipment to those who cannot afford them.
MGNREGA scheme should be expanded to incorporate the increased number of unemployed with special provision for women, including larger number of working days for all and social schemes should be set up for informal sector workers.
Social awareness about letting girls continue their studies, as well as, motivating women to join workforce when situation stabilize is an important step.
A national helpline number bringing together all NGOs who have come forward to help should be set up. It will make identifying those in need easier, with a uniform toll-free number as well as added government expertise.
Conclusion:
Women can be the backbone of economic development in times of crisis. Making right developments towards women’s issues now could prove to be beneficial to the country’s economy as well as society in the long run.
The story picks up 3 years after the events of the last movie. With the Death Star destroyed the imperials are frantically looking for rebels bases. Dark Lord of the Sith Darth Vader commands one such fleet aboard his imperial star Destroyer, Vader is looking for the any signs of the rebel alliance lead by his daughter Leia Organa. Leia and Luke don’t know about their relationship to each other or the true identity of Darth Vader, they were separated at birth to keep them safe. Luke was sent to Tatooine and Leia was sent to Alderran. In the last movie Luke learns about his connection to the Force and uses it in order to destroy the Death star, but with no one around to help him learn his abelites he doesn’t reach his full potential.
The rebels are staioned on the ice planet of Hoth, Luke sets out to investigate a probe that landed on the planet. While investigating the probe, Luke is captured by a yeti like creature known as a Wampa. Luke defeats the Wampa using the Force but is about to succumb to Hypothermia, the Force ghost of his former mentor Oni-Wan Kenobi instructs Luke to go to Dagobah. Worried about Luke Han Solo sets out to locate Luke, he finds and saves Luke before he could die of Hypothermia. On returning to the base they are alerted about an incoming large scale attack.
The attack consists of large AT-AT walkers and a few TIE fighters, overwhelmed the rebels begin to evacuate. Luke defeats a squadron of AT-AT which help the other rebels escape. Han, Leia, Chewie and C3-PO escape aboard the Millennium Falcon but are forced to hide in an asteroid field due to a malfunctioning hyperdrive. Luke decides to seek out Grand Master Yoda on Dagobah along with R2-D2. Upon reaching the swampy planet of Dagobah Luke finds Yoda who refuses to accept Luke as an apprentice, this reluctance maybe due to how his previous apprentice Count Dooku turned out. After conferring with the Force ghost of Obi-Wan, Yoda accepts Luke as his apprentice and begins training him in the way of the Force.
Solos group manages to evade the imperial fleet and they decide to go to the cloud city of the planet Bespin for repairs. On touch down they are greeted by Han’s old friend and the previous owner of the Millennium Falcon Lando Calrissian. Unbeknownst to the group they were tailed by infamous bounty hunter Boba Fett, son to Jango Fett who served as the template for the clone armies. Fett relays the Falcons location to Darth Vader who then arrives and forces Lando to handover the rebels to guarantee the safety of his people. Vader intends to use the group as bait for Luke Skywalker, he intends to turn Luke to the dark side and fight the emperor for supremacy.
On Dagobah Luke has a premonition of Leia and others being in trouble, he abandons his training against the wishes of Yoda and Obi-Wan to go save his friends.
Vader intends to freeze Luke in carbonite if Luke doesn’t accept his offer to join him. Vader tests his method by freezing Han Solo in carbonite, the frozen Han is taken into custody by Fett on the behalf of mobster Jabba the Hut. Lando saves Leia and Chewie and they get onboard the Falcon to escape the city. Luke arrives on the planet and engages Vader in a duel, Vader being the stronger duelist easily defeats Luke and severs his right hand. Vader tries to convince Luke to join him but Luke persists thinking Vader to be his fathers murderer. Vader tells Luke the truth about himself which Luke refuses to believe, Luke jumps down the air shaft and hangs beneath the floating city.
Luke reaches out to Leia using the Force which prompts Leia to come back to the floating city and save Luke. The group escapes a squadron of TIE fighters when R2 repairs the Falcons Hyperrdrive. They join a rebel fleet for assistance. Luke is outfitted with a prosthetic hand to replace the one he lost, the severed hand is considered an irony by most. Anakin lost his right arm in a similar fashion, fighting the apprentice of Darth Sidious at that time Count Dooku or Darth Tyranus. Luke lost his arm fighting the current apprentice of Darth Sidious Darth Vader or Anakin Skywalker. Lando sets out with Chewie to find Han Solo, promising to right his wrongs.
This wraps the story of Episode V we shall pick up the next chapter soon. Until then may the Force be with you.
In the world we find varied geographical regions which includes mountains, plains, deserts, plateaus all with their own physical features. Desert is basically a piece of barren land which is filled with sand and lacks water bodies and have dry weather all along. In day time deserts are extremely heated up and at night it becomes chilling cold at the same place. In the Indian subcontinent we find desert in the western part of the subcontinent in the state of Rajasthan.
The animals and plants in the deserts have their own adaptations, among plants we find a variety of cactus, cactus plants have special adaptations to survive in the desert, they have fleshy stem which holds water in them which turns out to be useful when there is scarcity of water also they have very long roots which can penetrate deep inside the soil in search of water also they don’t have leaves and have thorns in place of them in cactus the food is prepared in the step as it contains chlorophyll and is green in color. Also, we find camel in desert their feet have adaptation to walk on the sand also they can survive with less water and they have long eyelashes to protect their eyes from dust storms.
Types of Deserts :
1. Coastal Deserts :
Coastal deserts occur in cool to warm areas along the coast. They have cool winters and long, warm summers. Coastal deserts are located on the west coasts of continents between 20° to 30° lattitude. Winds off the coast blows in an easterly pattern and prevents the moisture from moving onto the land. The Namib desert in Africa and the Atacama desert in chile are coastal deserts.
2. Subtropical Deserts :
Subtropical deserts the hottest deserts. They are found in Asia, Australia, Africa and North and south America. In the united states, the chilhuahuan, sonoran and Mojave are all subtropical deserts. Subtropical deserts are very hot and dry in the summner and cooler but still dry in the winter. Rainfall happens in short bursts. The air is so hot and dry in these deserts that sometimes rain evaportaes before it even has a chance to hit the ground. The soil in subtropical deserts is usually either sandy or coarse and rocky.
Plants and animals in subtropical deserts must be able to withstand the hot temperatures and lack of moisture. Shrubs and small trees in the subtropical desert usually have leaves adapted to retain moisture. Animals in sbtropical deserts are usually active at night, when it is cooler.
3. Cold wintet Deserts :
Cold winter deserts are also known as semiarid deserts . They have long, dry summers and cold winters with low rain or snowfall. In the united states the Great basin, the colorado plateau and the Red Desert are all cold winter deserts. Other cold winter deserts include the Gobi desert in china and Mongolia and the patagonian desert in Argentina. The lack of rainfall in cloud winter deserts is often caused by the rainshadow effect. The rainshadow effect happens when a high mountain range stops moisture from reaching an area. The Himalayan Mountain prevent rainfall from reaching the Gobi desert.
4. Ploar Deserts :
Polar deserts are found in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Like warmer deserts, they also get very little precipitation.polar deserts are cold year- round.
Largest Desert in the world :
The antarctic polar Desert, which makes up the vast majority of Antarctica, is the largest desert in the world. In fact this single desert is larger than the combined size of the Gobi Desert, the Arabian Desert, and the sahara Desert.
* The driest desert of the world Atacama is surely the most dangerous desert of all.
The strongest animal in the Desert :
Based on strength to weight ratio, the dung beetle of the scarab is the strongest creature on earth. They can lift 1141 times their own body weight. It helps them a lot in finding the mate and food. The dung beetles also constitute a large percentage of scarab family.
The 7 hardest Animals to Hunt :
* Leopards
* Mountain Goats.
* Elk
* Eland.
* cape Buffalo
* Roan and sable
* Bears.
what can kill you in the Desert?
Aside from the oppressive heat and lack of water, the desert is also full of critters that can bite and sting. Some of these guys can even kill you if you aren’t able to find medical help. Spiders, scorpions, centipedes, and snakes are all found in dark places , abandoned builidings and under rocks.
We have lost 7% of intact forests since 2000 globally. Climate change along with pandemic exerts an additional stress on ecosystem. Focusing on maintaining a healthy ecosystem concept of “ONE HEALTH” for all organisms should needed to be in cooperated everywhere. In 2018 India, PM’s science and tech and innovation advisory council in consultation with MO environment, forest, climate change, approved a National mission on biodiversityand human well being. Banglore based biodiversity working in prepare road maps on same. This will strengthen science of restoring, conserving, and sustainably utilizing India’s natural heritage and target. India will emerge as a leader linking conservation of natural assets and socialist well-being.
Important framework: Mission offers a holistic framework, integrated approaches, and widespread societal participation and empower India to restore, our natural assets by millions of crores of rupees, mitigation programs, biodiversity-based agriculturewhile also creating millions of green jobsin restoration of degraded lands (1/3 of total land) and nature tourism, helps to meet convention on biological diversity, generate a strong national community committed to sustaining biodiversity, Scientific inputs, especially related to geospatial informaticsand policy, can guide the development of strategies for conservation and ecosystem management.
Need for a cadre:
We need a strong and extensive cadre of human resourcesrequired to meet the enormous and complex environmental challenges of the 21st century.
It needs training professionals of the in sustainability and biodiversity science, along with an investment in civil society outreach.
Public engagement, whether it is in the policymaking arena, or in exploration, restoration and conservation of biodiversity, is a critical component of the planned Mission.
Eduindex 
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