A 12 year old boy with a bright yellow tongue was diagnosed with a serious and rare autoimmune disorder which led to his immune system attacking and destroying its own red blood cells.
According to a report published in the New England Journal of Medicine, the boy went to the hospital after he experienced a sore throat,dark urine,abdominal pain and pale skin for several days.
The boy was diagnosed with cold agglutinin disease,a rare autoimmune disorder in which a person’s immune system attacks and destroys its own red blood cells.While this condition is triggered by cold temperature, doctors suspect the boy contracted the disease due to an infection from EpsteinBarr virus.
Adolf Dassler, popularly known as ‘Adi’, made sports shoes in his mother’s laundry room in Herzogenaurach, Germany after returning from World War I. In July 1924, his older brother Rudolf joined the business, and they called it Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory (Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik).
The brothers went through a lot of hardships at that time. The electricity supply in Herzogenaurach was unreliable, so the brothers had to use pedal power from a bicycle to run their equipment. The brothers assisted in the development of spiked running shoes for multiple athletic events. To enhance the quality of spiked athletic footwear, Adi shifted from a previous model of heavy metal spikes to using canvas and rubber instead. In 1936, they persuaded U.S. sprinter Jesse Owens to use their spikes, which Adi made with his own hands, at the 1936 Summer Olympics. With those shoes, Owens won four gold medals, and the name and reputation of Dassler shoes became known to sportsmen and trainers worldwide. Their business was extremely successful and the Dasslers were selling 200,000 pairs of shoes every year until World War II. During the war, the company was running the only sport shoe factory in German and mostly supplied shoes to the Wehrmacht, the German military.
In 1948, after over 30 years of working together, Adolf and Rudolf abruptly separated, due to differences in opinion for the future of the company. The same year, Rudolf established his company, Ruda (short for Rudolf Dassler) but later renamed to Puma after the animal. In 1949, Adolf established Adidas (short for Adi Dassler). The original Dassler Brothers Company’s workforce and resources were split between the brothers. Adidas kept the factory by the train station and two-thirds of company’s employees, as most employees believed Adi’s vision of focusing on product development rather than Rudolf’s sales-oriented approach. Rudolf kept remaining workforce and the factory on Würzburger Street.
In the following three decades, both Adidas and Puma rose to dominance and signed deals with athletes. Adidas famously sponsoring professional American boxer Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier and Puma signing with Brazil national football team. Adidas introduced shoes customized for different sports, and grew rapidly while Puma, driven by Rudolf’s sales approach, kept chasing Adidas throughout these decades, without making much innovations on its own.
It’s said that the Dassler family quarrels were so extreme that the Puma and Adidas families went to separate bakeries, separate butchers, as well as separate pubs. Michael Dassler, the grandson of Puma’s founder, said Adidas employees going into a shop that Puma employees visited, and vice versa, was impossible. He recalls that in his childhood, contact between his grandfather Rudolf and his brother was non-existent. “In our home, the name Adidas was never mentioned,” he said. Families of their home town either identified with Puma or Adidas, never both. When Adolf (in 1978) and Rudolf (in 1974) died, they were buried at opposite ends of the town cemetery.
Now, Adidas has a market value of US$15.6 billion, while Puma values at US$4 billion. Even after 70 years, Adidas and Puma still go head-in-head competing with each other, spending billions of dollars every year for research and development to come up with the next big product to drive customers to their brand.
The story begins after the end of World War 2. The second World War was fought between Axis (Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria) and Allied powers (U.S., Britain, France, USSR, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Yugoslavia). Axis lost. After Hitler, Allied powers decided to divide Germany into 4 parts. Later they merged and divided into two- became West Germany and East Germany. It was divided on the basis of Capitalist and Communist ideas.
On August 13, 1961, the Communist government of the German Democratic Republic (GDR, or East Germany) began to build a barbed wire and concrete “Antifascistischer Schutzwall,” or “antifascist bulwark,” between East and West Berlin. The official purpose of this Berlin Wall was to keep so-called Western “fascists” from entering East Germany and undermining the socialist state, but it primarily served the objective of stemming mass defections from East to West.
Even though Berlin was located entirely within the Soviet part of the country (it sat about 100 miles from the border between the eastern and western occupation zones), the Yalta and Potsdam agreements split the city into similar sectors. The Soviets took the eastern half, while the other Allies took the western. This four-way occupation of Berlin began in June 1945.
Permanent Migrations also started. This was uni-directional- communism was centralised, with less job opprtunities, the conditions deteriorated so much that until 1961, 20 percent (around 3.5 million people) of east population had settled to west.
The east government started thinking of solution to this Brain drain. The post war agreement divided the capital Berlin into two. The eastern part would be under the influence of Soviet Union and west would be under the influence of allies.
On 13th August 1961, the wall was revealed to the world. But the public was definitely disappointed. Some people simply tried to climb over the wall at night when the guards were not able to see. so the east government put barbed wires on the top of the wall. As time passed government started making the wall stronger and with this, people also got creative in ways of escaping.
On February 1989, a man hit the wall with a very heavy cargo truck. he escaped through the hole. To stop these kind of escapes, government started using innovative ideas.
In February 1985, East Germany got a new leader Mikhail Gorbachev. He recognised and acknowledgd the problems. He decentralised the political and economic controls, brought two measures Perestroika (reconstructing and Glasnost (Transparency), allowed private company to enter.
Finally eastern government decided to ease the regulations. On November 9 1989, due to a misunderstandimg by spokesperson, the news spread that the Fall of Berlin would come into effect immediately.
The most important principle behind Laughter Yoga or the most significant driving force behind the several Laughter Clubs is the theory that Motion Creates Emotion. Quite a few people wonder how a person can laugh when he is in no mood to laugh or when one doesn’t have any reason to laugh. However, the answer is very simple. For, there is a well established link between the body and the mind. Whatever happens to the mind happens to the body as well. This is easily understood and observed too. If a person is sad or depressed, his body also appears quite lifeless and sluggish. Such a person doesn’t walk or talk enthusiastically. But, what most people fail to understand is that the opposite is also true.
Whatever happens to the body also happens to the mind. I remember my father once telling me, “Son, if you are sad or feeling a bit low, don’t sit idle. Keep doing some physical work or go for a walk or do some jogging or go out to play some cricket or football . You’ll feel better.” And most of the times dad was proved correct. I would start feeling better quite soon. In an unhappy state of mind, if we bring ourselves to behaving or acting happy, soon enough we will start feeling light-hearted and chirpy indeed!
So, Laughter Yoga aims to use the two-way body-mind link to change the state of mind through voluntary physical gestures which include repetitive clapping, chanting, specific body movements along with laughter and breathing exercises. The result is so positive and its effects are so powerful that the modern world today has witnessed Laughter Yoga overcome severe and chronic depression in thousands of people right across the globe. In fact, several Laughter Clubs have adopted the motto, “If your Mind can’t laugh, bring your Body to our club.”
Laughter is all about playfulness. Have you ever wondered why children laugh 300 to 400 times a day whereas adults would consider themselves very fortunate if they manage laughter 10 to 15 times in a day? This is because of that seriously wicked and interfering tool called the brain! Adult use their brains or minds first to comprehend humour and then decide if they have to laugh. Very often, they suffer from what is said in Hindi the LKK Syndrome, that is “Log Kya Kahenge” or “What will people say?” This is called the “Mind-to-Body Model of Humour”.
On the other hand, children, who do not allow themselves to be too affected by the LKK Syndrome and don’t use their brain to seriously do the comprehension first, laugh the most while playing. Even if they fall into mud and slime while playing, they laugh heartily together without bothering about the consequences of soiling their spotlessly white school dress in case of a traditionally strict class teacher or headmistress in school or mother at home! Their laughter comes straight from the body and happily they don’t make use of intellectual capacity of the brain for it. Very clearly, they exhibit the “Body-to-Mind Model of Humour”, It is this childlike playfulness that Laughter Yoga aims at cultivating in people who are quite stressed these days.
Image -google.
What is sadly significant is the fact that more and more children and even women, to whom smiles and laughter and giggling should come as naturally as the turtle coming out of its shell to walk or leaves falling in autumn, are enrolling themselves as members of laughter clubs nowadays!
Laughter Yoga makes a clear distinction between Happiness and Joy. Happiness is a conditional response of the mind which is totally dependent on the fulfilment of certain desires of the mind. By its very nature, it is related to how one’s life had been in the past or how it will be in the future! It is not there at all in the present moment. The ironical and sad fact is that even if some dreams, goals or aspirations are fulfilled, happiness disappears quite quickly as the mind starts chasing new goalposts-a new, job, a new house, a bigger car, etc.
On the other hand, joyfulness is the unconditional commitment to be happy each moment, to have fun for the moment, despite the problems and challenges of life, no matter how insurmountable they seem to the mind. It is the promise that the Body makes to the mind to indulge in playfulness moment by moment and thereby give relaxation to it. During these periods of playfulness triggered by a plethora of physical activities like dancing, singing, playing and laughing, physiological and biochemical changes take place within our body that give us a sense of well-being that completely alters a negative outlook towards life and its challenges replacing it with confident positivism moment by moment.
Therefore, in Laughter Clubs, members develop positive conditioning of joy. By laughing together over a period of time, clapping in a rhythm ,chanting “Ho Ho Ha Ha” in unison and positive affirmations like ” Very Good Very Good Yay Yay”, the brain develops new neuronal connections to produce happy neuropeptides and hormones in the body that rejuvenate the members.
Finally, Laughter Yoga rectifies shallow and irregular breathing, which is the direct consequence of stress and negative mental state. According to Dr. Otto Warburg, a Nobel Laureate, one of the main reasons for falling sick is the lack of oxygen in the body cells due to incorrect breathing. So, let us laugh together and get the oxygen back into our cells!
regional cooperation is needed for securing trade related benefits and for utilizing collective resources for mutual benefits. This objective is realized by establishing organisations by the countries having geographical affinity. Such organisation are based on a formal agreement signed by the concerned nations. The member countries utilize each others resources to solve common problems. To attain this two regional organization that work for the socio-economic integration of south-Asian region are such as ASEAN ( associations of south Asian nations ) and SAARC ( south association of regional cooperation ). SARRC is a major regional initiative undertaken by the South- Asian countries to evolve cooperation.
India have very close relations with south east Asians countries from very beginning. South – East Asia is composed of 10 nations, namely Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. In the past , India’s engagement with the South East Asian was built on the shared experience of colonialism and culture ties. But at present it is linked to trade, investment and production. South Asian association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was established by seven South Asian Countries, Namely India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri lanka in December 1985 in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Afghanistan was included as the eighth member of SAARC. The concept of SAARC originally mooted by the former Bangladesh President Zia-ur-Rahman, with the aim of establishing economic and cultural cooperation among the people of south Asia. Its permanent secretariat at Kathmandu in Nepal was established in 1985.
The Charter of SAARC has laid down a number of objectives to promote the welfare of the people in South East Asian countries and to improve the quality of life. It accelerates the economic growth, social progress and cultural development. It promotes the mutual trust, understanding and appreciation of each other’s problems. It works to develop the mutual assistance in the economic, social, cultural and technical and scientific field. It also works for the cross border terrorism and smuggling.
India is largest and the most populous among the SARRC countries, it also occupies 72 percent of the South Asia and about 77 percent of the population. It is also the most advanced among SAARC nations. All the members states of SAARC are of strategies importance to India and share cultural and ethnic legacies. India has focused on strengthening its relations with these countries through economic cooperation. This includes grants of unilateral tariff concessions to Bangladesh, collaborative projects including implementation of infrastructures of development projects in Myanmar, cooperation in health, education and tourism sectors in Maldives and close economic integration with sri lanka. India has made substantial construction effort , which includes a wide range of humanitarian, financial and projects assistance.
To conclude India have played major role in forging closer links among then SAARC countries and promoting regional peace, economic growth, social progress and cultural development of the area.
Way back in July 2004, around 30 women walked naked in front of the army quarters in Assam with the slogan, “Indian Army, Rape us.” The movement was in protest of the death of Thangjam Manorama who was brutal ly raped, mutilated and killed by certain members of the Indian army. The army has wide powers under the Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), 1958 including search and seizure and arrest and custody. Women have been major victims of sexual offences under this draconian legislation, in parts of the North East and in Kashmir, in particular.
Rape was also often used to shut down voices trying to resist human rights abuses. Sexual offences against women continue in different parts of the country, in different forms, both outside and inside the home. Although the constitutional guarantee of equality stays intact, the reality of gender relations in India is extremely unequal.
It goes without saying that Indian society is deep patriarchal. Women are by birth automatically at a disadvantage simply because our society treats its women much worse than it treats its men. There are different expectations from men and women in terms of behavioural pattern, conduct, mannerisms and actions. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, a feminist writer from Nige ria puts it quite neatly, “We teach girls shame. Close your legs, cover yourself. We make them feel as though being born female, they’re already guilty of something. And so, girls grow up to be women who silence themselves. They grow up to be women who cannot say what they truly think. And they grow up- and this is the worst thing we do to girls-they grow up to be women who have turned pretence into an art form.” Adichie is surely right. She indicates a phenomenon that is generally identified as ‘gender stereotyping’.
Gender stereotyping essentially is society’s expectations and beliefs about the behavioural patterns, roles, activities, characteristics, qualities about men and women and sometimes, the third gender. It focuses on what masculine and feminine qualities are expected of men and women. Society decides the type of toys boys and girls should play with, the kind of clothes they should wear and the kind of hobbies they should have and perpetuates the same through habituation. The role played by socialisation, religion, media and often the law in encouraging stereo types is problematic. Even in educated families, the pressure on Indian women to get married at an early age is a reality. Everybody in a given family gets to have a say in the matter of a girl’s marriage, except probably the girl herself. Quite undisputedly, the independence and career options offered for an Indian female is much less compared to that of men.
Karnam Malleswari is the first Indian woman to win a medal at the Olympics and first Indian woman weightlifter to win gold at the World Championships.
Saikhom Mirabai Chanu made India proud by getting India’s first medal at Tokyo Olympics 2021. She won silver medal in weightlifting am being the first Indian lifter to do so. But, most of us realized now about first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal in 2000 (Sydney). She won Bronze medal in weightlifting in 2000. Let us remember Honorable Karnam Malleswari.
Karnam Malleswari :-
She was born on 1 June 1975, Voosavanipeta near Amadalavalasa, a hamlet in Andhra Pradesh. Her father Karnam Manohar was a college-level football player. She has four sisters. They are all well trained in weightlifting. It was her mother Shyamala, who encouraged and became her strength till the end Karnam Malleswari to pursue a dream. Her career started when she was 12. She was trained under coach Neelamshetty Appanna.
I feel proud to have created this pathway for our girls and to see them winning Olympic medals. Some even tell me today, ‘Ma’am you started it all’, so I feel delighted to have changed the perception, and it still remains my endeavor.
But Neelamshetty Appanna turned her away for being too weak and thin. Her mom encouraged her to keep going by training hard and proving herself that she can be whoever she wants to be. She was then noticed by Olympic and world champion Leonid Taranenko at a national camp ahead of 1990 Asian camp as a visitor since her sister Krishna Kumari, was selected for the camp. After testing her, he recommend her to the Bangalore Sports Institute.
It was her time to start shining, she broke 9 records in junior national weightlifting championships in 1990; which was her first championship.
Achievements:
Silver in her maiden senior national championship in 1990.
Bronze in her first weightlifting World Championships in 1993.
Gold in her next weightlifting World Championships in 1994, making her the first Indian woman weightlifter to win gold at the World Championships.
Silver at the 1994 Asian Games.
Malleswari won the world title in the 54 kg division in 1994 and 1995. Gold in World Championships in 1995.
Bronze in the World Championships in 1996. – Four consecutive medals in World Championships-
Silver at the 1998 Asian Games.
Bronze in the Olympics Game at Sydney in 2000.
In 1997, she married a fellow weightlifter Rajesh Tyagi, and in 2001 gave birth to a son. She took a maternity leave in 2001. She went to The Olympics at Athens in 2004 but due to severe back injury, she couldn’t give her best. She had to retire after that.
What is she doing now?
She works as the Chief General Manager (General Administration) of Food Corporation of India; Yamunanagar, Haryana.
Awards:
Honored with Arujna Award in 1994.
Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna in 1999.
Padma Shri Award in 1999.
NEWS:
On International Olympic Day 2021, the Delhi government appointed India’s first woman Olympic medal winner Karnam Malleshwari as the first vice-chancellor of Delhi Sports University.
Dubai created fake rain by using Drone as temperature crossed 50 degrees.The city is employing drone technology that shocks clouds into producing rain,this rain making technology known as Cloud Seeding.
To beat the heat, the United Arab Emirates’s(UAE) National Center of Meteorology came up with a solution that resulted in monsoon-like rainfall in the desert country.The enhanced rain is creates using drone technology known as cloud seeding, according to reports.
This technology,used to enhance precipitation, generates electrical charges prompting clouds to coalesce and produce water.Each year, the average precipitation in the country measures just 100 mm.
As per experts, the technology aims to create rain more efficiently within clouds and in the process, it triggers more water to come down.They suggest cloud seeding methods can help in alleviating the water problem.
Prostate cancer is a common type of cancer in males, but it is highly treatable in the early stages. It begins in the prostate gland, which sits between the penis and the bladder. The prostate gland is a very valuable organ in males that performs a lot of functions. Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer found in males.
Symptoms
difficulty starting and maintaining urination
a frequent urge to urinate, especially at night
blood in the urine or semen
painful urination
in some cases, pain on ejaculation
difficulty getting or maintaining an erection
pain or discomfort when sitting, if the prostate is enlarged
Possible Causes
diet
smoking
exposure to chemicals, such as the herbicide Agent Orange
“Life is short so don’t risk it.” We know how important personal hygiene is, as keeping our body, hands and hair clean can stop the spread of germs and illnesses. Personal hygiene is defined by the practices you take to look after your physical health to avoid diseases by maintaining a certain level of personal cleanliness. It is a key element in our daily routines to live a healthy life. Thorough out our whole life a bunch of people or maybe even ourselves get diseases which could be life threatening and usually people consider the main reason for this to be not getting access to something and being careless about your surroundings. What they don’t know is that hygiene plays a very important part in not getting in contact with these diseases. For example during this ongoing pandemic, most people catch the virus because they don’t take the proper precautions like sanitizing yourself or wearing masks. Therefore taking care of your personal hygiene is a very important thing to do if you want to lead a healthy life.
Few basic ways in which we can maintain personal hygiene could be through simple activities like taking a shower atleast once a day, brushing your teeth twice a day, making sure to floss your teeth, applying deodorant to avoid foul smell, washing your body with soap, cutting your nails, washing your hair properly thrice a week, making sure your face is clean before going to sleep, wearing comfortable clothing, changing your pillowcases once a week, cleaning your phone screen to remove it of any bacteria, wearing a mask, carrying sanitizers, washing your hands with proper techniques, covering your mouth while sneezing your coughing, applying sunscreen even if you aren’t going out, putting on perfume or body mists. It is important to change sanitary products regularly and to wash the hands before and after changing tampons, pads, or any other sanitary products. As vaginas are self-cleaning, using soap to clean the vagina can cause an imbalance of its natural bacteria and lead to infections. The vulva (the external part of the vagina) should only need cleaning once a day using a mild soap and water. People with an uncircumcised penis can clean it by gently pulling back the foreskin and washing underneath it with warm water or soap. If you can’t remember to do things like shower, wash your hair, clip your nails, or brush your teeth, set a reminder on your phone. The cue will push you to the activity, and over time, you’ll begin to do it yourself. Hang a reminder in the bathroom to wash your hands after using the toilet. Put a little sign by the plates or bowls in the kitchen to cue yourself to wash your hands before eating. These signs can help jog your memory and improve your habits.
Therefore maintaining personal hygiene is beneficial for you and your own health and it’s considered one way of helping you in having a healthy and safe life.
Russian president Vladimir Putin in MAKS-2021,Moscow (Reuters)
On Saturday, last week in MAKS-2021 arms show, a new fighter jet nicknamed ‘Checkmate’ was unveiled in Moscow, in presence of Russian president Vladimir Putin.This MAKS arms show is a chance for Russian industry to introduce the public to the next generations of its flagship vehicles, as well as for smaller players to pitch their prototypes and concepts to prospective buyers.
SU-75 (Checkmate) Specifications
Prototype of ‘Checkmate’fighter jet in MAKS-2021(Reuters)
This jet by Rostec subsidiary United Aircraft Corporation comes With split angled tails, a narrow fuselage suggesting presence of one engine, and diamond shaped wings, it looks similiar to f-35. This jet can fly up to 1,500 kilometers in a single sortie, while loaded with weapons and payload. It is Capable of continuous supersonic flight at the speed of 1,180 miles per hour and can share data with other fighters in the air and it’s also hinted that it might have AI abilities and drone control abilities. It can engage upto 6 targets simultaneously on land,sea or air.
Cost
This aircraft would cost between $25 million to $30 million and Moscow expects demand from the Middle East, Asia Pacific region and Latin America. The cost is extremely low as compared to F-35, which comes at a price of over $75 million.
Competition
USAF F-35 in action
It will compete with likes of Swedish JAS-39E/F Gripen,the Dassault Rafale, the Lockheed Martin F-35. and the Shenyang J-35. This jet is expected to take to the skies in 2023, with first batch expected in 2026. Moscow plans to produce 300 units of the aircraft over 15 years once the production begins.
Road ahead for this jet
Russia is known for its fighter jets like Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (F-16 killer), Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 foxbat, Mikoyan MiG-29 (Fulcrum),Sukhoi SU-30. Countries like China, India, Egypt, Algeria,are the major buyers of Russian fighter jets. Russian jets are known for their ruggidity as compared with their US counterparts. Cold war is over long ago,but rivalry between Russia and US is still there and even in weapon market. Let’s see how many buyers this new hyped jet will attract in the global market.
A breech pregnancy occurs when the baby (or babies!) is positioned head-up in the woman’s uterus, so the feet are pointed toward the birth canal. About 3-4 pregnancies result in the baby being breech. In a “normal” pregnancy, the baby will automatically turn inside the womb into a head-down position to get ready for birth, so a breech pregnancy presents a few different challenges for both mother and baby.
There are three different types of breech pregnancies: frank, complete, and footling breech, depending on how the baby is positioned in the uterus. With all types of breech pregnancies, the baby is positioned with its bottom toward the birth canal instead of the head.
Reasons for breech baby
if a woman has had several pregnancies
in pregnancies with multiples
if a woman has had a premature birth in the past
if the uterus has too much or too little amniotic fluid, meaning the baby has extra room to move around in or not enough fluid to move around in
if the woman has an abnormally shaped uterus or has other complications, such as fibroids in the uterus
if a woman has placenta previa
baby is not considered breech until around 35 or 36 weeks. In normal pregnancies, a baby usually turns head-down to get into position in preparation for birth. It’s normal for babies to be head-down or even sideways before 35 weeks. After that, though, as the baby gets bigger and runs out of room, it becomes harder for the baby to turn and get into the correct position. Your doctor will be able to tell if your baby is breech by feeling your baby’s position through your stomach. They will also most likely confirm that the baby is breech using an ultrasound in the office and in the hospital before you deliver.
An input device is used to feed data into a computer. For example, a keyboard is an input device. It is also defined as a device that prob communication between the user and the computer. Input devices are capable of converting data into a form which can be recognized by computer. A computer can have several input devices.
🌟Keyboard:🌟
The most common input device in the keyboard. Keyboard consists of a set of typewriter like keys that enable you to enter Dara into a computer. They have alphabetic keys to enter commw,period, semicolon,etc., and special keys to perform some specific functions. The keyboard detects the key pressed and generates the corresponding ASCII codes which can be recognized by by the computer.
🌟Mouse:🌟
Mouse is an input device that controls the movement of the cursor on the display screen. Mouse is a small device, you can roll along a flat surface. In a mouse, a small ball is kept inside and touches the pad through a hole at the bottom of the mouse. When the mouse is moved,the ball rolls. This movement of the ball is converted into signals and sent to the computer. You will need to click thr button at the tip of the mouse to select an option. Mouse pad is pad over which you can move a mouse. Mois very popular in modern computers.
🌟Scanner:🌟
Scanner is an input device that allows the information such as an image or text to be input into a computer. It can read image or text printed on a paper and translate the information into a format that the computer can use.That is, it is used to convert images (photos) and text into a stream of data.They are useful for publishing and multi-media applications.
🌟Bar Code Reader:🌟
The barcode readers are used in places like supermarket, bookshops, etc. A bar code is a pattern printed in lines of different thickness. The bar-code reader scans the information on the bar code and transmits to the computer for further processing. The system gives fast and error-free entry of information into the computer.
🌟Digital Camera:🌟
The digital camera is an input device mainly used to capture images.The digital camera takes a still photograph, stores it and sends it as digital input to the computer. It is a modern and popular input device.
🌟Touch Sensitive Screen:🌟
Touch Sensitive Screen is a type of display screen that has a touch-sensitive panel. It is a pointing device that enables the user to interact with the computer by touching the screen. You can use your fingers to directly touch the objects on the screen. The touch screen senses the touch on the object (area pre-defined) and communicate the object selection to the computer.
🌟Magnetic Ink character Recognition (MICR):🌟
MICR is widely used by banks to process cheques. Human readable numbers are printed on documents such as cheque using a special magnetic ink. The cheque can be read using a special input unit, which can recognize magnetic ink characters.This method eliminates the manual errors.It also saves time, ensures security and accuracy of data.
🌟Optical Character Recognition(OCR):🌟
The OCR technique permits the direct reading of any printed character like MICR but no special ink is required. With OCR,a user can scan a page from a book. The computer will recognize the characters in the page as letters and punctuation marks, and stores. This can be edited using a word processor.
🌟Optical Mark Reading and Recognition(OMR):🌟
In this method special pre-printed forms are designed with boxes which can be marked with a dark pencil or ink. Such documents are read by a reader, which transcribe the marks into electrical pulses which are transmitted to the computer. They are widely used in applications like objective type answer papers evaluation in which large number of candidates appear, time sheets of factory employees etc.
🌟Light Pen:🌟
A light pen is a pointing device shaped like a pen and is connected to a monitor. The tip ofvthevlight pen contains a light-sensitive element which, when placed against the screen, detects the light from the screen enabling the Computer to identify the location of the pen of the screen. Light pens have the advantages of drawing directly onto the screen, but this can become uncomfortable, and they are not accurate.
🌟Magnetic Reader:🌟
Magnetic reader is an input device which reads a magnetic strip onna card. It is handy and data can be stored and retrieved. It also provides quick identification of the card’s owner.
All the credit cards, ATM cards (banks),petro cards,etc. stores datacijna magnetic strip which can be read easily by the magnetic reader.
🌟Smart cards:🌟
This input device stores data in a Microprocessor embedded in the card. This allows information, which can be updated, to be stored on the card. These data can be read and given as input to the computer for further processing. Most of the identification card use this method to store and retrieve the vital information.
🌟Notes Taker:🌟
Notes taker is a device that captures natural handwriting on any surface into a computer. Using an electronic pen, the notes taker displays the user’s handwritten notes, memos or drawing on the computer ,and stores the image for future use.
🌟Microphone:🌟
Microphone serves as a voice input device. It captures the voice data and input to the computer. Using the microphone along with speech recognition software can offer a completely new approach to input information into your computer.
Speech recognition programs, although not yet completely exact have made great strides in accuracy as well as ease of use. The voice-in or speech recognition approach can almost fully replace the keyboard and mouse.Speech recognition can now open the computer world to those who may have been restricted due to a physical handicap. It can also be soon be a boon for those who have never learned to type.
These are multicellular, non-motile aquatic organisms, commonly called as sponges. Body is perforated with many pores called ostia. Water enters into the body through ostia and leads to a canal system. It circulates water throughout the body and carries food, oxygen. The body wall contains spicules, which form the skeletal framework. Reproduction is by both asexual and sexual methods. e.g- Euplectella, Sycon.
Phylum Coelenterata (Cnidaria)
Coelenterates are aquatic organisms, mostly marine and few fresh water forms. They are multicellular, radially symmetrical animals with two layers. The tentacles bear stinging cells called cnidoblast or nematocyst. They reproduce both asexually and sexually. e.g. Hydra, Jellyfish.
Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flat worms)
They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, acoelomate (without body cavity) animals. Most of them are parasitic in nature. Suckers and hooks help the animal to attach itself to the body of the host. Excretion occurs by specialized cells called flame cells. e.g- Liverfluke, Tapeworm.
Phylum Aschelminthes (Round worms)
Aschelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic animals. The body cavity is a pseudocoelom. They exist as free-living soil forms or as parasites. The body is round and pointed at both the ends. It is unsegmented and covered by thin cuticle. e.g. Ascaris, Wuchereria.
Phylum Annelida (Segmented worms)
These are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, first true coelomate animals with organ-system grade of organization. Body is extremely divided into segments called metameres joined by ring like structures called annuli. e.g. Earthworm, Leech.
Phylum Arthropoda (Animals with jointed legs)
They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals. They can be found in all types of habitats–land, water and soil. They have jointed limbs. The body is segmented into three regions–Head, Thorax and Abdomen. e.g. Prawn, Crab.
Phylum Hemichordata
Hemichordata is bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals. They are exclusively marine animals. They can be solitary or in colonies. Hemichordata have a true body cavity or coelom. e.g. Balanoglossus (Acorn worms).
“It’s not an issue, just shake it off and get a good night’s sleep, you’ll be fine in the morning.”
Just because you can’t see it doesn’t mean that it’s not there. Mental Health is just as important as physical health!
The change of phase from teens to youth and then adolescents is a very bumpy journey. While parents and mentors prepare you for the changes that happen to the body, they don’t give you even the slightest hint about the rollercoaster ride that your mind and emotions are going to take you for. People often think of it as something that will eventually return to ‘normal’ if you don’t give much attention to it.
Unfortunately, the struggle is real whether you are prepared for it or not.
Who Do the Youths Look to for Help?
There is no doubt that they keep such things hidden from their parents. But why is that you ask? Well, the reason being that ‘you’re not expected to have such issues and it’s just a phase. There is no need to make a big deal about it.
Many parents don’t understand what you’re going through despite going through similar situations back when they were teens.
Eventually, teens and youths turn to their friends. Because they ‘understand’. Even though the advice of friends can be wrong at times, it is a huge relief to just speak to someone and let it all out.
Common Mental Illnesses in Teens
Generalized anxiety – Excessive worry about everyday matters
Ex. Feeling restless, fatigued, struggling with concentration, irritated, struggling with sleep, not able to control worry.
Social phobias – Severe feelings of self-consciousness and insecurity in social settings
Ex. Anxious and struggling to be around people, worry about being judged, struggling to make friends, feeling nauseated around people.
Depression – Persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety and emptiness
Ex. Sad, anxious and empty, feeling hopeless, irritability, guilty, worthless, restless, having thoughts of suicide and death, fatigue or lack of energy.
How to look after yourself?
It is important to look after your mental health because it’s a vital part of your life and it greatly impacts your thoughts, behaviours and emotions. Emotional health leads to productivity and effectiveness in activities. It will also help you adapt to changes and cope with adversity.
Steps that can be taken are:
exercising daily,
eating a balanced diet of healthy meals,
opening up to people in your circle,
taking a break when you need it,
getting a good night’s sleep, and most importantly
remembering that you are valued and amazing and strong.
**Tip — Getting up early in the morning and as soon as you wake up, proclaim it out loud that you are strong, confident, amazing, successful and so on….(add words of your choice that you want to be, or see happening in your life)
This can help the way you think and feel about yourself and in boosting your confidence and self-esteem.
Key Facts
People affected are one in 6 people aged 10-19 years.
Half of the mental health conditions start by the age of 14 years.
Depression is one of the leading causes.
Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death in 15–19-year-olds.
As a result of not addressing the mental health issues in adolescents, the problems eventually have an impact on both their physical and mental health and has drastic effects in the long run.
Eduindex 
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