Tag: Statistical Analysis

Common Names and terms associated with Statistical Analysis

 Here are some common names and terms associated with statistical analysis:

Descriptive Statistics

  1. Mean – The average of a set of numbers.
  2. Median – The middle value in a list of numbers.
  3. Mode – The most frequently occurring value in a set of numbers.
  4. Range – The difference between the highest and lowest values.
  5. Variance – Measures the dispersion of a set of data points.
  6. Standard Deviation – The square root of the variance, representing the average amount of variability in a set of data.

Inferential Statistics

  1. Population – The entire group that you want to draw conclusions about.
  2. Sample – A subset of the population used to represent the population.
  3. Hypothesis Testing – A method for testing a claim or hypothesis about a parameter in a population.
  4. Confidence Interval – A range of values that is likely to contain the population parameter.
  5. p-value – The probability of observing a test statistic as extreme as, or more extreme than, the value observed under the null hypothesis.
  6. t-test – A statistical test used to compare the means of two groups.
  7. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) – A statistical method used to compare the means of three or more samples.
  8. Chi-Square Test – A test that measures how expectations compare to actual observed data.

Regression Analysis

  1. Linear Regression – A method to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
  2. Multiple Regression – An extension of linear regression that uses multiple independent variables to predict a dependent variable.
  3. Logistic Regression – A regression model used for binary classification.

Correlation

  1. Pearson Correlation – Measures the linear relationship between two continuous variables.
  2. Spearman Rank Correlation – Measures the strength and direction of association between two ranked variables.

Advanced Statistical Methods

  1. Factor Analysis – A method used to identify underlying relationships between variables.
  2. Cluster Analysis – A method used to group similar data points together.
  3. Time Series Analysis – Techniques used to analyze time-ordered data points.

Data Visualization

  1. Histogram – A graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data.
  2. Box Plot – A standardized way of displaying the distribution of data based on a five-number summary.
  3. Scatter Plot – A graph used to display values for typically two variables for a set of data.

Non-parametric Tests

  1. Mann-Whitney U Test – A test used to compare differences between two independent groups.
  2. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test – A test used to compare two paired groups.
  3. Kruskal-Wallis Test – An extension of the Mann-Whitney U test for comparing more than two groups.