Day: July 15, 2020

Immune system plays important role in our body

The immune system is the body’s defense against infectious organisms and other invaders. … One of the important cells involved are white blood cells, also called leukocytes, which come in two basic types that combine to seek out and destroy disease-causing organisms or substances.

How Does the Immune System Work?

When the body senses foreign substances (called antigens), the immune system works to recognize the antigens and get rid of them.

B lymphocytes are triggered to make antibodies(also called immunoglobulins). These proteins lock onto specific antigens. After they’re made, antibodies usually stay in our bodies in case we have to fight the same germ again. That’s why someone who gets sick with a disease, like chickenpox, usually won’t get sick from it again.

This is also how immunizations (vaccines) prevent some diseases. An immunization introduces the body to an antigen in a way that doesn’t make someone sick. But it does let the body make antibodies that will protect the person from future attack by the germ.

Although antibodies can recognize an antigen and lock onto it, they can’t destroy it without help. That’s the job of the T cells. They destroy antigens tagged by antibodies or cells that are infected or somehow changed. (Some T cells are actually called “killer cells.”) T cells also help signal other cells (like phagocytes) to do their jobs.

Humans have three types of immunity — innate, adaptive, and passive:

  • Innate immunity: Everyone is born with innate (or natural) immunity, a type of general protection. For example, the skin acts as a barrier to block germs from entering the body. And the immune system recognizes when certain invaders are foreign and could be dangerous.
  • Adaptive immunity: Adaptive (or active) immunity develops throughout our lives. We develop adaptive immunity when we’re exposed to diseases or when we’re immunized against them with vaccines.
  • Passive immunity: Passive immunity is “borrowed” from another source and it lasts for a short time. For example, antibodies in a mother’s breast milk give a baby temporary immunity to diseases the mother has been exposed to.

In our current situation of covid-19 immune system plays vital role we should eat those things which can make our immune system stronger and helps to fight with bacteria.

Everyone’s immune system is different but, as a general rule, it becomes stronger during adulthood as, by this time, we have been exposed to more pathogens and developed more immunity.

That is why teens and adults tend to get sick less often than children.

Once an antibody has been produced, a copy remains in the body so that if the same antigen appears again, it can be dealt with more quickly.

That is why with some diseases, such as chickenpox, you only get it once as the body has a chickenpox antibody stored, ready and waiting to destroy it next time it arrives. This is called immunity.

Slavery

Slavery is a term that reflects the injustices that have afflicted mankind since the 1600s. Every time the word appears, people often picture rich white people ruling over black people. However, that is not the end of the case. After careful study, historians found evidence that suggested the existence of slavery in almost every culture. It was not so basically the people who worked in the fields, but the alternatives. Slavery often occurs because of social class distinctions. It is still present in various parts of the world. It may not be the most difficult, however, it happens.


The Effect of Slavery
Slavery is one of the leading causes of racism in most cultures. It has severely damaged American racial relations where divisions were created between whites and blacks.


The effects of slavery have caused irreparable damage that can still be seen. Even after the abolition of slavery in the United States in the 1800’s, racial tensions continued to rise.


In other words, this made them separate from each other rather than close. Slavery also brought white prominence that made people think they were naturally superior because of the colour of their skin and their offspring.


Speaking of other forms of slavery, human trafficking has done much damage. He is a wicked man at work today, destroying hundreds of thousands of innocent people. Slavery is the sole cause of all this.


The result
Although slavery was abolished 150 years ago, the stains are still there. Slaves have not forgotten the hardships of their ancestors. It lives in their hearts that makes them more secure than usual. They are angry at the people their ancestors brought to their list.
Even today many people of colour are victims of apartheid in the 21st century. For example, black people face heavier penalties than white men. They are still mocked for their skin colour even today. There is a great need to overcome slavery and all manifestations of the status and security of all citizens regardless of race, religion, social status or economic status.


In short, slavery has never done anything good for anyone, in the majority or in the minority. We also segmented as human beings and put tags on each other. Times change and so do people’s thoughts.
One needs to be socially aware of the evils that lie in our society in different ways. We must come together to fight it. Every citizen has a responsibility to make the world a safer place for everyone who lives on it.

How does AI work?

Artificial Intelligence is a pre-existing daily article. Artificial Intelligence, or AI, is the technology that enabling the machines to learn from experience and perform human-like tasks.

Ping-ponging between utopian and dystopian, opinions vary as to current and future applications, or worse, the consequences, of artificial intelligence. Without proper moorings, our minds often plunge into the waters of Hollywood, full of the evolution of robots, autonomous vehicles, and very little understanding of how AI actually works.

This is because AI itself describes a different technology, which gives machines the ability to learn in a “smart” way.

In our next series of blog posts, we hope you will enlighten us about these technologies and explain what really makes artificial intelligence, beautiful, clever.

How is artificial intelligence used?

Popular misconceptions tend to place AI on an island with robots and self-driving cars. However, this approach fails to recognize the state-of-the-art art app; to process large amounts of data generated daily.

Through the use of AI techniques in specific applications, the accumulation of comprehension and automation of tasks takes place to some degree and to a lesser degree.

To explore the mountains of man-made data, AI systems perform intelligent searches, translate text and images to find patterns in complex data, and then do what they read.

What are the basic components of artificial intelligence?

Many AI-converting technologies are common buzwords, such as “natural language processing,” “in-depth learning” and “speculative analysis.” Shortcuts that enable computer systems to understand the meaning of human language, learn from experience, and make predictions in sequence.

Understanding jargon AI is the key to conveying the power of dialogue about the real-world use of this technology. Technology disrupts, alters the way people communicate data and make decisions, and should be understood in terms of the basic principles by all of us. Machine Learning | Learning from experience

Machine learning, or ML, is an AI program that gives computer programs the ability to automatically read and develop experiences without being explicitly organized. ML focuses on the development of algorithms that can analyze data and generate predictions. In addition to being used to predict which Netflix movies you might like, or your Uber-based approach, machine learning is used in healthcare, pharma, and the health sciences industry to help diagnose diseases, interpret medical pictures, and speed up drug development.

In-depth Reading | Educational equipment

In-depth learning is a set of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks that learn by processing data. Syntical neural networks mimic biological neural networks in the human brain.

Multiple layers of artificial neural networks work together to find a single output of multiple inputs, for example, displaying a face image from a tile image. Machines learn about the strengths and weaknesses of the tasks they perform, requiring constant scrutiny and reinforcement for improvement.

Another way to learn in depth is speech recognition, which gives the voice assistant calls to understand questions such as, “Siri Siri, how does artificial intelligence work?”

Artificial Intelligence is a different topic

As we have learned, AI defines a set of different technologies. Individual technologies require detailed specifications. Staying up to date and understanding the differences in technology is a daunting task. Keep up to date with the latest updates and stay tuned to our upcoming posts.

Next, we will introduce Big Data and explore the use of intelligent solutions for designing, connecting, and monitoring big data set.

Procrastination

Procrastination is that act of delaying or putting off tasks until the last minute, or past their deadline. Some researchers define procrastination as a “form of self-regulation” failure charactrised by the irrational delay of tasks despite potentially negative consequences. No matter how well-organized and committed you are, chances are that you have found yourself frittering away hours on trivial pursuits (watching TV, updating your Facebook status, shopping online) when you should have been spending that time on work or school-related projects.

Whether you’re putting off finishing a project for work, avoiding homework assignments, or ignoring household chores, procrastination can have a major impact on your job, your grades, and your life.

Causes

Remember that time that you had thought you had a week left to finish a project that was really due the next day? How about the time you decided not to clean up your apartment because you “did’t feel like doing it right now?”

We often assume that projects won’t take as long to finish as they really will, which can lead to a false sense of security when we believe that we still have a plenty of time to complete these tasks.

One of the biggest factors contributing to procrastination is the notion that we have to feel inspired or motivated to work on a task at a particular moment. The reality is that if you wait until you’re in the right frame of mind to do certain tasks (especially undesirable ones), you will probably find that the right time simply never comes along and he task never gets completed.

The following are the few factors that cause procrastination-

Academics

Researchers suggest that procrastination can be particularly pronounced among students. According to researchers, there are some major cognitive distortions that lead to academic procrastination. Students tend to:

  1. Overestimate how much time they have left to perform tasks
  2. Overestimate how motivated they will be in the future
  3. Underestimate how long certain activities will take to complete
  4. Mistakenly assume that they need to be in the right frame of mind to work on a project

Depression

Procrastination can also be a result of depression. Feelings of hopelessness, helplessness, and a lack of energy can make it difficult to start (and finish) the simplest task. Depression can also lead to a self-doubt. When you can’t figure out how to tackle a project or feel insecure about your abilities, you might find it easier to put it off and working on other tasks.

More Reasons Why We Procrastinate

In addition to the reasons why we procrastinate, we often come up with a number of excuses or rationalization to justify our behaviour. According to researchers, there are 15 key reasons why people procrastinate.

  1. Not knowing what needs to be done
  2. Not knowing how to do something
  3. Not wanting to do something
  4. Not caring if it gets done or not
  5. Not caring when something gets done
  6. Not feeling in the mood to do it
  7. Being in the habit of waiting until the last minute
  8. Believing that you work better under pressure
  9. Thinking that you can finish it at the last minute
  10. Lacking the initiative to get started
  11. Forgetting
  12. Blaming sickness or poor health
  13. Waiting for the right moment
  14. Needing time to think about the task
  15. Delaying one task in favor of working on another

The Negative Impact of Procrastination

It is only in cases where procrastination becomes chronic and begins to have a serious impact on a person’s daily life that it becomes a more serious issue. In such instances, it’s not just a matter of having poor time management skills, it’s a major part of their lifestyle. Unfortunately, this procrastination can have a serious impact on a number of life areas, including a person’s mental health and social, professional, and financial well-being:

  1. Higher levels of stress and illness
  2. Increased burden placed on social relationships
  3. Resentments from friends, family, co-workers, and fellow students
  4. Consequences of delinquent bills and income tax returns

How To overcome Procrastination

Fortunately, there are a number of different things you can do to fight procrastination ans start getting things done on time.

  1. Make a to-do list: To help keep you on track, consider placing a due date next to each item
  2. Take baby steps: Break down the items on your list into small manageable steps so that your tasks don’t seem so overwhelming.
  3. Recognize the warning signs: Pay attention to any thoughts of procrastination and do your best to resist the urge. If you begin to think about procrastinating, force yourself to spend a few minutes working on your task.
  4. Eliminate distraction: Ask yourself what pulls your attention away the most-whether Instagram, Facebook updates, or the local news- and turn off those sources of distraction.
  5. Pat yourself on the back: When you finish an item on your to-do list on time, congratulate yourself and reward yourself by indulging in something you find fun.

RECYCLE YOURSELF, BECOME AN ORGAN DONOR

To understand about Organ Donation, it is initially important to understand about Organ Transplants. A transplant is a medical procedure where one person’s dysfunctional organ or tissue is replaced by that of a healthy person, thus restoring its function and health. In certain cases, despite major advances in medical science, transplant is the one and only alternative. Transplants drastically improve the quality of life of the patient and give them another chance to live. The need for organ donors has never been greater. More than half a million Indians are estimated to be in dire need of an organ transplant.

Did you know, In India every year nearly:

  • 500,000 people die because of non-availability of organs
  • 200,000 people die of liver disease
  • 50,000 people die from heart disease
  • 150,000 people await a kidney transplant but only 5,000 get one
  • 1,000,000 lakhs people suffer from corneal blindness and await transplant

Yet, less than a thousand transplants from deceased donors are performed each year – an incredibly small and insignificant number compared to the statistics around the world. Some of these people will find a living donor, who will donate an organ to them. The rest will probably die, waiting for an organ. Among all organs in our body, liver is the only organ which has the ability to regenerate, or grow back (a transplanted segment of a liver can grow to normal size within a few months).

A transplant takes place only if there is an organ available from a donor. While most organs that are transplanted are from deceased donors, patients may also receive organs from living donors. Living persons can donate a kidney, portions of the liver, lung, pancreas, intestines, blood, and still continue to live a normal life. For organ recipients, a transplant often means a second chance at life. Most important organs such as the heart, pancreas, liver, kidneys and lungs can be transplanted to those whose organs are failing. For some, an organ transplant means no longer having to be dependent on costly routine treatments to survive. It allows many recipients to return to a normal lifestyle. For instance, a cornea or tissue transplant means the ability to see again or the recovery of mobility and freedom from pain.

There are two ways a person may become eligible to be an organ donor:

  • Individuals who suffer severe brain damage may be candidates for organ donation. Before declaring death, a physician will perform a series of tests to determine the donor’s brain function. If the physician determines that all brain activity has ceased (a condition known in the medical community as “brain death”. Brain death is NOT coma. Coma is a state of deep unconsciousness, where the brain continues to function and the person can breathe on his/her own, without the help of a ventilator. Thus, unlike brain death, in a coma, the brain still has the capacity to heal. If there is activity in the brain, the person will not be declared brain dead), the patient becomes eligible to provide life to those on the transplant waiting list by donating their loved one’s heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas or small intestine.
  • After all lifesaving measures have been exhausted and it is determined that there will not be a meaningful recovery for the patient, the family – knowing their loved one’s wishes – decides to remove life sustaining measures such as the ventilator. Many families know that their loved one did not want to live in such a state and opt to let their loved one pass peacefully. This patient may be eligible to provide lifesaving organs to those on the waiting list for a lifesaving gift as well.
NOTTO taking steps towards saving lives: Prof. Vimal Bhandari ...

What makes organ donation difficult in India?

Finding a donor match is difficult to begin with. In India, this challenge is compounded by bureaucratic hurdles and lack of awareness.

  • The first challenge is red-tapism and lengthy paperwork. According to existing rules, if the potential donor is not related to the person who needs the organ, the transplant needs to be approved by a state-level committee or by a hospital committee that includes government officials.
  • The next challenge is that it is often difficult for family members to accept their loved one is brain dead. On a life support system, the person looks like he/she is sleeping. The fact that body is warm to touch and the heart is beating makes it difficult for  doctors to convince the family members to donate the organs of their relative. Even if the family is ready to donate organs, superstitions and misconceptions become impediments.
  • Another problem is that there are too few surgeons and hospitals equipped for transplants. Ventilators for preserving the organs of a brain dead person and intensive-care unit personnel trained to manage such situations are prerequisites for a transplant.

Here are a few facts to clear up common misconceptions:

  • Organ donation does not disfigure the deceased donor’s body. There is a single incision made through which organs are retrieved and it is ensured that the body is given back to the family in the most respectful manner.
  • Healthy organs should be transplanted as soon as possible from the donor to the recipient. Organs must be removed as soon as possible after the determination of brain death, while circulation is being maintained artificially. Tissues may be removed within 12 to 24 hours.
  • The donor’s family doesn’t have to bear any expenses for organ or tissue donation. All costs pertaining to the organs transplant surgery will be handled by the recipient’s family or the organ transplant program.
  • Organ donation waiting lists are made according to the severity of the illness, blood type, and time spent waiting in every hospital.
  • Unlike in many western countries, where an adult is asked to make a choice if he she wants to be a donor. But in India, the choice is left to the family. After a person carrying a donor card dies, the family still needs to approve the donation of organs. So, if you intend to be an organ donor, it is imperative that you inform your family about your wish.
  • There are very few medical conditions that would automatically disqualify you from donating any organs or tissues.

One organ donor can donate upto twenty five different organs and tissues for transplantation. This can save up to nine lives. Lets help make a difference by giving the gift of life.

Machine learning to improve organ donation rates and make better ...

CBSE 10th result 2020: All you need to know, from passing marks, evaluation to past years’ analysis

CBSE 10th result 2020: There has been a record high of over 5 per cent in the CBSE class 12 results this year. Last year, 91.1 per cent students cleared the exam which was about a four per cent increase from 2018 and the trend is expected to go upwards this year too.

CBSE 10th result 2020: The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) will, on July 14, release the results for over 18 lakh students who appeared for the class 10 boards earlier this year. While the board exams are an important event, this year’s results are unique because of the special marking scheme. 

We live in Deeds Not in Years

God has not sent us into the world to partake the feast spread before us. Life is not festival but an obligation. For his life, man owes his debut to his parents ,ancestors,fellowmen,and to other beings. The meaning of life is realised when we fulfil these obligations. The debts are paid through our actions, big or small. It is wrong to believe that big deeds only matter and nameless actions go abegging.Each people who put his worth in fulfilment of his duties and obligations,performs great deeds.The true greatness of man comes out” in little unremembered act of kindness and love”.A great heroism is required in doing small deeds.


 In this world ,we are not meant to bear flower and fruit. If we do noble deeds, these deeds bring us contentment and build up our self reliance.Our deeds are our fruits. We leave behind us the memory of our heroic deeds.one who lives long without doing anything ,is forgotten as soon as he dies.No poet will sing his praises and he would die “unwept unhonoured and unsung”.it is only deeds which makes us lamented and remembered.

It is not the size or amount of work which counts.one work faithfully done is more valuable than a hundred done half heartedly.It is laid down in Gita,”you have right to the deeds only and never to its results”.To do is man’s duty and reward is in the hands of God.The essence of life is energy, and energy is manifested in action.

True life does not consists in the length  of our existence on Earth but in noble and heroic deeds performed by us.Just to sleep,eat and live the prescribed course of life ,is not living at all.Noble deed alone establish his divinity.

It is often seen in the case of great souls  that their noble achievements were won in comparatively short lives.Alexander conquered many countries and died at 33 yrs of age.swami vivekananda  died young but brought revolution in the world of Religion.shelly and keats name found in English poetry who died early. 


Thoughts lie hidden in our minds and they cannot be understood.This thoughts are translated into action that they are evaluated. Therefore not only deeds but the way in which we perform them, gives significance to life.salvation lies in action and the ever -abiding truth remains that work alone is workship.life is earnest,is real and we are here not to play,to dream and to drift.

Reliance AGM 2020

India’s biggest company Reliance industries held its 43rd Annual General Meeting virtually with Chairman and Managing Director Mukesh Ambani addressing shareholders. Ambani said the target for capital raise is now complete and RIL will now only look at adding strategic partners to its businesses. He also pointed out that RIL has kept its promise of becoming net debt-free ahead of schedule.

The key aannouncement’s are

-Google will invest Rs 33,737 crore for 7.7 percent stake in Jio Platforms.
– Jio is ready with a “world-class 5G solution” and field deployment could happen next year.
– Launch of Jio TV+ and Jio Glass
– Saudi Aramco deal has not progressed as per the original timeline, but RIL is committed to the deal
– RIL will approach NCLT with a proposal to spin-off the O2C Biz into a separate subsidiary
– RIL is working to induct global partners, investors into Reliance Retail in the next few quarters.
– Jio is partnering with Google to build a smartphone operating system

Unconscious Bias

Have you ever been in a situation where you were blamed even for doing nothing? I am sure most of you have been in that situation. I have been there too. I was working in a multinational organization, about four years back. In the beginning I was a good performer and I delivered on all my deliverable, and that too following the SMART strategy, barring a few. There were times when I could not deliver but I always tried my best, depending on the situation. Now one day, my manager got promoted and she was replaced by another another lady from our team. And then things began to go south. Problems crept up, she began to find faults in everything I do, and she always had this intention to reprimand me in the team meetings.

Things just got worsened one day. A priority 2 issue came up at about 9 PM at night, just at the moment when we were about to leave. I informed her, despite all the differences but to my utter surprise, she remarked, “It is your fault. You are responsible for this. Don’t expect anything from me and I expect this to be solved latest by tomorrow morning.” I knew something like this would happen but I never imagined the utter intensity of the remark. Moreover, when I analysed the situation, I found out that I was never responsible for the issue in the first place. One of my team mate, in fact a senior team member missed to pay attention to the issue a month back, due to which the client had to send it as a priority 2 issue. That was it. The next morning, when my manager came, I explained everything to her, but she was clouded in her own judgement to even listen to me and understand.

That was simply the case of unconscious bias. Because of past incidents and events, her judgement was clouded to let her think straight and logically. Unconscious bias was the main reason which affected her thinking and making the rightful decision. But what she failed to understand is that this little judgement of her can have profound effect on the hiring, motivation and retention decisions. In our day to day interaction, we might not be even aware of when such kind of bias creeps into our decisions and plays havoc in our mind. As per recent news, such unconscious bias can create a turnover impact of INR 22000 per associate. Surprising, isn’t it?

Unconscious Bias

Now when we talk about unconscious bias, there are multiple instances and multiple effects of such bias and each of it has its own term. A few of them are:

  1. Affinity Bias – When we come across a person who is similar to us, we tend to give positive response to him. It seems like we tend to identify ourselves with that person.
  2. Halo Bias – Because of some praiseworthy and commendable actions of the past, we tend to see that person in the positive light and admire all of his actions even though he might not have quite lived up to expectations in the present.
  3. Perception Bias – It is the tendency to form stereotypes and assumptions about certain groups which makes it difficult to form an objective opinion about individual members of that group.
  4. Horn Bias – Because of a negative incident in the past, all the present judgement gets clouded by that feeling.
  5. Confirmation Bias – Tendency to seek out evidence that confirms our initial perceptions and ignoring contradictory information.

These are some of the biases which creeps into our decisions without even our knowledge. Managers should always be neutral which looking at the present situation and not to base the eventuality of the decision based on some past incident. One way to do this is to critically evaluate all the options, put forward by everyone and also to engage a third-party to challenge those options. In this way, our decisions will not be clouded and will be a blessing for everyone.

Referring to the situation which I faced, it was Horn Bias and it could have been easily avoided if she had taken the high road to listen and to communicate with me. But nevertheless, there is always a scope for one to learn in one’s life.

Source: https://builtin.com/diversity-inclusion/unconscious-bias-examples

Tips to learn a language very fast

How do you evaluate languages? Just as a means of communication or as something more than that? It is normal to have an interest to know as many languages as possible. Every language has a sort of beauty of its own. Some people have the passion to acquire this beauty but often get failed because of the time and hard work needed. Learning a new language cannot be easy for sure as learning itself is a time consuming and hard working process. But it can be learnt indeed. Any body who wishes to learn it can actually do it no matter how much time it consumes. The social media platforms have now given the freedom to anyone who wishes to learn anything without even stepping out of his home. We have so many language learning courses and training available in the online platforms that too for free sometimes.But in order to learn something, you have to be more active than being passive. Here are several tips that can help your learning more easier.

  • Watch movies and series: This is a great method to learn a language. Movies and series will always held a story within themselves and it is a general quality of a human being to be keen to know stories. This curiosity lead us to listen to the dialogues and comments which is a major key to learn that language. Of course it takes time, but the result will be evident. Try watching it using subtitles if you are very new to that language and as the time passes try to hear it without subtitles.
  • Practice Daily. Unless and until you speak the language that you wish to learn, you will never be able to do it no matter how hard you try. Language should be learnt by speaking. Don’t try to overthink about mistakes because that is also a key to learn it. Make mistakes and learn from it. Try speaking about anything randomly, may be about your favorite place or movie or just explain how did your day go to your friends or anybody who you are comfortable with.
  • Be an active listener. Yes! That helps. Try listening to people who are very fluent in that language. Listen the common phrases they use and how they make each sentences using different words. This may help you to understand some phrases easily because you are well aware about the context and it will remain in your memory.

5-Day Free Online Course Launched by ISRO with Award Completion Certificate

ISRO launches a free 5-day online course on ‘ Remote Sensing Applications in Agricultural and Water Management’. It is provided by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing. If you have already registered for it, then here are the stables.

What will you learn?

  1. Concepts and fundamentals of agricultural water management and the role of Earth Observation (EO) in water management.
  2. Satellite remote sensing of soil moisture and global products.
  3. Unmanned Ariel Vehicle (UAV) and advanced remote sensing for agricultural water management.
  4. Remote sensing of regional crop evapotranspiration estimation.
  5. Remote sensing of irrigated crop area mapping and irrigation crop water requirements .

Eligibility and application process

  1. This course by ISRO is scheduled from 3 August to 7 August 2020.
  2. Those interested can register through <a href="http://&lt;!– wp:list {"ordered":true} –> <ol><li>This course by ISRO is scheduled from 3 August to 7 August 2020.</li><li>Those interested can register through elearning.iirs.gov.in .</li></ol> elearning.iirs.gov.in .
  3. Personal details like address, education, and profession need to be entered into the form.
  4. You are also required to upload a photograph and an identification proof.
  5. Professional from the central or state governments, private organizations, NGO’s, as well as students and researchers engaged in water management aspects of agriculture can apply.

Things to know

  1. There is no fee for the online course.
  2. A certificate of completion will be awarded to participants who complete 70 percent attendance and score 40% in online examination.
  3. You can access the videos for the session here.
  4. No specific hardware/software is required to access the classes. However, good speed of internet connection will be helpful. A desktop/laptop with a webcam and microphone is preferred.

Battle of Northeast with Covid-19

The pandemic of covid-19 has worried to the whole world. Every country is trying it’s best to control this deadly virus infection.
In India the number of novel coronavirus cases has risen to 9.3 lakh. Over 24,300 people have succumbed to the disease, while nearly 60,000 have recovered. Though the national level lockdown has been lifted by the central government but various states has extended it.

The worrisome reports are coming from the North East India. Until the month of may the NE states were free from the effect of the global pandemic but now within the two months the “seven sisters” are struggling to control the rising number of the cases. Let’s see one by one that how these northeastern states are battling with this pandemic.

Assam : Assam is battling in two fronts. First with the global pandemic and second with the floods.
Over 33 lakh people have been affected by the floods across 28 districts of the state. According to the Assam State Disaster Management Authority so far, 85 people have died in flood related incidents. This natural disaster has made the situation of pandemic in state even worse. Not only the numbers of corona virus cases has spiked but the fatalities has also increased. The state has recorded the 18,666 positive cases and the death toll has now gone up to 46. Assam Health Minister Dr Himanta Biswa Sarma has tweeted that, “859 new ve+ patients in Assam, 627 in Guwahati alone. Take care & precautions. Total cases 18666, Recovered 12173, Active cases 6444, Deaths 46.”

Arunachal Pradesh: This hilly state has reported 19 new coronavirus infections, taking the state’s tally to 359. While three health workers were also found infected with the virus in the Capital region. After increasing the number of active cases, The state cabinet has extended the lockdown in the Capital Complex for another week till July 20.

Sikkim: sikkim has reported the highest single-day spike of 45 new COVID-19 cases. With 112 active cases, total198 cases has  been reported in the state, while 86 patients have recovered.

Manipur: With 656 active cases Manipur has recorded total 1,626 covid-19 cases. Only in the last 24 hour the capital of the state Imphal has recorded 10 cases alone. A statement issued by the state health department read, that 970 patients have recovered from the deadly virus infection, the recovery rate now is 59.65%.

Mizoram: The state has recorded total 238 COVID-19 cases, in which 79 are active and159 people have recovered from the disease.

Nagaland: Nagaland has registered 18 new COVID19 positive cases, taking the state’s overall tally to 896. Active cases are 556 in the state. Confirming the detection of the new positive cases, Nagaland health minister S Pangnyu Phom tweeted that,
“Update! As on 14th July 2020, 3:20 pm. 18 more positive cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed. All cases are from Peren.”

Tripura : After getting some reports of COVID-19 cases in the border areas of the state, the government has imposed a week long complete lockdown from july 17th. The lockdown will be in force within the one kilometer in rural areas and 0.5 km in Municipal areas, from the Bangladesh border. Tripura shares a 856-kilometre border with Bangladesh. The state has reported over 2,000 Covid-19 cases so far.

Blood donation

Blood donation refers to a practice where people donate their blood to people so it helps them with their health problems. Blood is one of the most essential fluids of our body that helps in the smooth functioning of our body. If the body loses blood in excessive amounts, people to get deadly diseases and even die. Thus, we see how blood donation is literally life-saving which helps people. It is also a sign of humanity that unites people irrespective of caste, creed, religion and more.

World Blood Donor Day

In order to raise awareness about this life-saving procedure, the world observes 14th June as Blood Donor Day. It promotes blood donation and urges people to save lives by donating blood. Furthermore, this day is quite an important day as it makes people about safe blood. People need to know the basics to be able to donate blood. For instance, there are certain criteria one must fulfill to donate blood. Not everyone knows that. Thus, this day helps in doing so Most importantly, on this day, the WHO organizes a campaign that invites people to donate blood. A person eligible to donate blood must fall in the age bracket of 17-66 years of age. They must weigh more than 50 kgs and have sound health. People suffering from diseases like diabetes, hypertension and more cannot donate blood. Therefore, on World Blood Donor Day, they also appreciate blood donors for their contribution to making the world a better place.

Benefits of Blood Donation

As we all know by now, blood donation has a lot of benefits. Why a person requires blood has various reasons. It may be an illness or also an accident, nonetheless, it is important. The blood that we donate helps a person in need. It enhances their health condition and makes them overcome their critical situation. In other words, blood donation does not simply help that specific person but also contributes to a responsible gesture towards society. Moreover, it also enhances the health of the donor. As the cell depletion allows a way for production, not new cells that freshen our body system. Furthermore, it also revitalizes our body for better health. Next up, a single blood donation helps at least three people in need. Thus, imagine how one donation can make a difference in so many people’s lives. In addition, blood donation makes the work of blood banks easier. It stabilizes their collection which helps other people get blood urgently. The demand is still higher than the supply in blood banks, so we must donate more and more of it to help people.

Other than that, blood donation also helps us know about our bodies. As a blood donation requires a preliminary health check-up, we get a complete diagnosis. It makes us aware of the levels of iron, hemoglobin, cholesterol and more. Thus, we see that blood donation is an important procedure in saving human life. It is a great initiative that must be encouraged everywhere.

Interpersonal relationship in organisation-Do’s and Don’ts

Interpersonal relationship refers to a strong association among individuals working together in the same organization. Employees working together ought to share a special bond for them to deliver their level best. It is essential for individuals to be honest with each other for a healthy interpersonal relationship and eventually positive ambience at the workplace.

Why interpersonal relationship in organisation ?

Why do employees need to be cordial to each other ?

Let us go through the importance of interpersonal relationship at workplace.

  • An individual spends around eight to nine hours in his organization and it is practically not possible for him to work all alone. Human beings are not machines who can work at a stretch. We need people to talk to and share our feelings. Imagine yourself working in an organization with no friends around!!!!!!!!We are social animals and we need friends around. An individual working in isolation is more prone to stress and anxiety. They hardly enjoy their work and attend office just for the sake of it. Individuals working alone find their job monotonous. It is essential to have trustworthy fellow workers around with whom one can share all his secrets without the fear of them getting leaked. We must have friends at the workplace who can give us honest feedback.
  • A single brain alone can’t take all decisions alone. We need people to discuss various issues, evaluate pros and cons and reach to solutions benefiting not only the employees but also the organization on the whole. Employees can brainstorm together and reach to better ideas and strategies. Strategies must be discussed on an open platform where every individual has the liberty to express his/her views. Employees must be called for meetings at least once in a week to promote open communication. Interaction on a regular basis is important for healthy relationship.
  • Interpersonal relationship has a direct effect on the organization culture. Misunderstandings and confusions lead to negativity at the workplace. Conflicts lead you nowhere and in turn spoil the work environment.
  • We need people around who can appreciate our hard work and motivate us from time to time. It is essential to have some trustworthy co workers at the workplace who not only appreciate us when we do some good work but also tell us our mistakes. A pat on the back goes a long way in extracting the best out of individuals. One needs to have people at the workplace who are more like mentors than mere colleagues.
  • It always pays to have individuals around who really care for us. We need colleagues to fall back on at the times of crisis. If you do not talk to anyone at the workplace, no one would come to your help when you actually need them.
  • An individual needs to get along with fellow workers to complete assignments within the stipulated time frame. An Individual working all alone is overburdened and never finishes tasks within deadlines. Support of fellow workers is important. You just can’t do everything on your own. Roles and responsibilities must be delegated as per specialization, educational qualification and interests of employees. An individual needs help of his fellow workers to complete assignments on time and for better results.

Do’s and Don’ts to Improve Interpersonal Relations at Workplace

Interpersonal relationship refers to a strong association among employees either working together in the same team or same organization.

Employees must get along well for a positive and healthy ambience at the workplace.

Let us go through some do’s & don’ts to improve interpersonal relationship at workplace.

  • Do not treat office as your home. There is a certain way of behaving at the workplace. It is essential to be professional at work. Never misbehave with any of your colleagues. Legpulling, criticism, backbiting are a strict no no. It is better to avoid someone you don’t like rather than fighting or arguing with him/her. Your office colleagues can be your friends as well but one must know where to draw the line. Too much of friendship is harmful and spoils relationship among employees.
  • An individual should not interfere in his colleague’s work. Superiors must formulate specific KRAs for all the employees and make sure job responsibilities do not overlap. Overlapping of job responsibility leads to employees interfering in each other’s tasks and eventually fighting over small issues. One should be concerned only with his work rather than trying to find out what the other employee is up to.
  • Give space to your fellow workers. Giving space infact is essential in all relationships. Overhearing anyone else’s personal conversation is strictly unprofessional. An employee must not open envelopes, couriers or letters not meant for him. Such practices lead to severe displeasure among employees and eventually spoil relationships.
  • Do not spread baseless rumours at workplace. Even if you know something about someone, learn to keep things to yourself. Discuss it with the individual concerned in private rather than publicizing the whole thing. Organization has nothing to do with anyone’s private matters.
  • Pass on correct information to others. If your superior has asked you to share some information with any of your colleagues, make sure it is shared in its desired form. Data tampering and playing with information spoil relationships among colleagues and lead to confusions at the workplace.
  • Do not share all your secrets with your co workers. You never know when they might misuse them. Even if you do, make sure you are doing it with someone you trust blindly.
  • Leave your ego behind. Do not bring your personal tensions to work. Think before you speak. Making fun of colleagues is something which is not at all expected out of a professional.
  • A team leader should not scold any of his team members in front of others. It might insult him/her. Call the individual concerned either to your cabin or conference room. Avoid comparisons among team members. The employees must be strictly judged according to their work and nothing else. Employees doing well should be suitably rewarded.
  • Stay away from nasty politics at workplace. Do not try to harm anyone. It is absolutely okay to appreciate someone who has done something exceptionally well. Avoid being jealous. It will harm you in the long run. There should be healthy competition among the employees for a healthy environment at the workplace.

menstrual hygiene : a manmade curse

Talking about India there are about 6 lakhs villages in our country which leads to Mohalla and tolas in crores and consists of about 70 percent of the total population.[i]on every 1000 male there is about 949 females in the rural India. in that 949 females there are about 23% of females who menstruate. Menstruation and menstrual practices had to face in this modern era   many types of restrictions ranging from social to religious. These things create a big hurdle in proper management of maintain menstrual hygiene. in rural areas due to girls are not prepared and not having knowledge about the   menstruation they face many problems and challenges at many places where they work or where they study. While researching , I come to know  that few, non- accurate, or half completed  information  about menstruation is a great hurdle  in the way of personal and menstrual hygiene in the rural areas In villages females do not assess the sanitary pads and don’t have much knowledge about that. So, they mostly depend  on reusable cloth pads which they wash and use again In fact they feel comfortable in that .in spite of many developments in the field of water and sanitation in the rural areas women’s can be seen not maintaining the menstrual hygiene in a better manner . Women handle menstruation in other way when they are in or out the house; in homes, they dispose of menstrual waste in domestic wastes and in public toilets and simply dispose that by flushing them in the toilets without knowing that could result in choking which is a big case of being illiterate. So, educating them about the consequences of the environmental hazards and the diseases associated with it. enforcing of new techniques like incineration can help to control the waste. and, a drive should be created to focus the use of reusable sanitary things or the natural sanitary products created from materials like banana fibre, bamboo fibre, sea sponges, water hyacinth, and so on.

CHALLENGES: THE RURAL INDIA WITH REGARD TO THE MENSTRUAL HYGIENE HAS TO GO WITH SEVERAL CHALLENGES

Poverty : in villages there are lots of people who don’t have money to fed up two time meal to their family so we can think that from where they can think about the providing sanitary napkins to the mensuration member of the family that’s why the most of the females in the rural India opt for the dirty used clothes which is much harmful and is unhygienic in the nature but that is harsh reality that they could afford the branded sanitary napkins which might cost them more than having a meal in a day.

Illiteracy: in the rural India there is hardly any one which can teach and talk about the subject matter menstrual hygiene if we talk about the percentage that how many girl get a high school level education it will bring our administration and government in to a tough discussion which they boast about the development of the rural area .

Culture and beliefs: our diverse culture and the rural background can be a strong reason for the failure in this approach as we learn things from our previous generation and our coming generation will learn from us. from the very beginning the society had been using and treated these things as the matter of shame and they feel shy while even discussing things which is related to the medical concern. in India there is strong belief that these things are counted in the list of dirty dealings and this practice is continued in the rural areas of our country where things have not been changed out of many centuries.

Administration failure : in spite of several government projects which has been running for the welfare and the development of the rural India the aim of real upliftment of these areas are still dream for many villagers in the country as most of the funds are out of reach for what they had been meant to utilize .

Poor practices /taboo: in villages there is old traditional system which is being followed from many years in fact centuries using the unhygienic dirty clothes can lead to several deadly disease.  use of cotton is also very common to stop the fluid in the villages coming towards the taboo the same is treated as an evil dirty things which not meant for discuss in the social platform and it could also be a reason to feel shy in these matter .

                                                    THE REALITY UNDER THE SURVEY:

In this section of my research paper I had tried to bring the real scenario about how the things are going into the village concerning menstrual hygiene. so, in the survey which had been conducted my me on the 15 females of the Sonkhar village, ramnagar, west champaran, Bihar on which 5 were adolescent. here I am going to tell about the experiences

In most of the cases the females were not ready to take part due to shyness. So, I managed 15 females for the survey .in this I had asked the several questions

Ques: you were ready or knowing that this could be happen to you when you got your first period?

12 out of the 15 females answered no to the question as most of them told that it was not known even from the parents and these things are treated so evil that none o them was informed from anybody.

Ques: How was the felling? did it hurt?

To this question all said yes as there was no information and the precautions were taken to handle the same. one Sangam Devi aged 28 said that it happened when she was serving the food in the bhoj (party) on the Holi eve then suddenly she felt pain in her abdomen and she couldn’t understand what was the fluid she felt around her private parts .it was sudden and surprising in the nature which makes them more uncomfortable.

Ques: Did you tell your mom / sister? how they reacted?

To this question 9 of them answered that they told their mother about the incident and her their mother in reply said that now you all are grown ups and it said that these things hurt a bit .3 out of them told to their sister elder to them and they reacted in the same manner like mother did.

Ques: What did you use in those days?

It was shocking to know that all 15 females which includes adolescents replied that it was clothes they use when they menstruate however 7 of them replied that since last few years, they had opted sanitary pads.

Ques: What is different in those days is it different from other days?

Meena Kumari a 17-year girl replied that these days are completely different as we are not allowed to enter in the kitchen, and we do not enter the worship room we are treated like we are unpure for these 5 days. most of them replied that due to pain and cramps whole body shivers and cause irritation.

Ques: Do you do anything to get relief from cramps like yoga?

Most of them answered no .one adolescent name aditi replied that she ate chocolates as it relives pain.

Ques: What things you want to appeal to the government/expect from government?

The majority answers that the cost of sanitary pads should be done so less that everyone could afford and as in our time there was no one to tell about these things so government should be creating a team for effective awareness about the menstrual hygie.