Sahitya Samhita Journal

 

Peer-Reviewed Hindi Journal

Sahitya Samhita with ISSN 2454-2695 is an international journal for Hindi language. Papers from all fields of studies in Hindi language is published in this journal on a monthly basis. Sahitya Samhita is well known international peer-reviewed multi-disciplinary journal for social studies and Hindi Language.

 

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International Journal of Research (IJR)

 International Journal of Research (IJR) (ISSN 2348-6848) is a Monthly peer-reviewed Multidisciplinary journal that publishes original and high-quality articles covering a wide range of topics in Engineering, dedicated to promoting high standards in the creation and dissemination of scientific knowledge. This multidisciplinary international journal accepts research and review papers in the field of Engineering and other fields on the basis of its originality, importance, and interdisciplinary interest. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques and do not add anything new or unique to the science will normally be rejected. With its high standards of scientific quality, the Journal International Journal of Scientific Research and Review provides a meeting ground for researchers who investigate the newest problems related to Multidisciplinary fields.

         International Journal of Research (IJR) is an open-access journal, which means that all articles are available on the internet to all users immediately upon publication. Non-commercial use and distribution in any medium are permitted, provided the author and the journal are properly credited. Benefits of open access for authors include free access for all users worldwide, authors retain copyright to their work, increased visibility, and readership, rapid-publication, no spatial constraints. Special issues dedicated to international conferences in the topics of the journal are brought out, as well. All submitted manuscripts are initially evaluated by the Editor and, if are found suitable, are sent for further consideration, to peer reviewers for an independent and anonymous expert review process.

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French President Advisor meets PM Modi, discusses bilateral and global issues

Diplomatic Adviser to the President of France Emmanuel Bonne today called on Prime Minister Narendra Modi and discussed wide-ranging bilateral and global issues. In a tweet, Mr Modi said, he had a productive meeting with Mr Bonne. Mr Modi expressed joy at the progress in India-France Strategic Partnership, a force for global good in the post-COVID world. The Prime Minister expressed satisfaction on the progress both countries have made on key aspects of the India-France Strategic Partnership, including counter-terrorism, cyber-security, defence and strategic cooperation.

Mr. Bonne also briefed the Prime Minister on India-France cooperation on various regional and global issues, including maritime and multilateral cooperation.

The Prime Minister fondly recalled his recent exchanges with President Macron and conveyed his best wishes for his health. He also reiterated his invitation to President Macron to visit India as soon as conditions permit.

India and France held their Annual Strategic Dialogue yesterday in New Delhi. National Security Adviser Ajit Doval led the Indian delegation while the French delegation was led by Mr Bonne. The two sides held discussions on wide-ranging bilateral and global issues.

National COVID-19 recovery rate improves to 96.41 per cent

The cumulative COVID-19 testing in the country has crossed the 18 crore mark today and the country’s COVID-19 recovery rate has reached 96.41 per cent. During the last 24 hours, more than nine lakh 16 thousand samples were tested and more than 19 thousand patients have recovered.

The Health Ministry said, during the last 24 hours,  The total number of recoveries has gone up to over one crore 56 thousand. The actual caseload currently comprises only 2.15 per cent of the total positive cases. Presently, the total number of active cases in the country is around two lakh 24 thousand.

During the past 24 hours, 18 thousand 222 new cases were reported taking the total number of positive cases in the country to over one crore four lakh. The Ministry said, currently, India’s Case Fatality Rate is 1.45 per cent, which is one of the lowest globally. During the last 24 hours, 228 deaths were reported taking the toll to one lakh 50 thousand 798.

Australia bowl India out for 244; take 94-run lead

In Cricket, Australia were 39 for 2 in the third test at Sydney, a short while ago.  Earlier India, which resumed its first innings from the overnight score of 96 for 2, were dismissed for 244 on the third day today.

Patrick Cummins took four wickets and Josh Hazlewood took two wickets and Cheteshwar Pujara scored one of the slowest half-centuries for India.  Australia has taken a first-innings lead of 94 runs and it would be an uphill task for India to make a comeback in this match. The hosts were all out for 338 in the first innings.

The four-match series is currently levelled at 1-1, and if India manages to win this Test, the side will retain the Border Gavaskar Trophy even if Australia goes on to win the last Test at Brisbane.

Routine for Pakistan to come up with farcical actions prior to important meetings: MEA on Lakhvi sentencing

India today said that the United Nations proscribed entities and designated terrorists act as proxies for Pakistani establishment to fulfill its anti-India agenda. MEA Spokesman Anurag Srivastava today said, it is for the international community to hold Pakistan to account and ensure that it takes credible action against terror groups, terror infrastructure and individual terrorists.

On a query on Pakistan court’s 15-year jail sentence to LeT terrorist Zakiur Rehman Lakhvi, Mr Srivastava said, the timing of these actions clearly suggests the intention of conveying a sense of compliance ahead of the Asia Pacific Joint Group, APJG meeting and next Financial Action Task Force, FATF plenary meeting next month. He said, it has become routine for Pakistan to come up with such farcical actions prior to important meetings.

On a query on UNSC Taliban Sanctions Committee, the MEA Spokesman said, India began its two-year tenure at the UN Security Council as a non-Permanent Member on the first of this month. He said, during the tenure, India will be guided by a commitment to promote responsible and inclusive solutions to international peace and security, a new orientation for a reformed multilateral system and a world view anchored in our ethos of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam. Mr Srivastava said, with regard to Afghanistan, India and Afghanistan as contiguous neighbours share a natural historical relationship and the strategic partnership and long-term commitment to the development of Afghanistan reflects this time-tested partnership. He said, India has invested heavily in peace and development in Afghanistan and it support all efforts to bring peace and stability there. The Spokesman said, India’s position on the peace process has also been articulated. He said, the peace process must be Afghan-led, Afghan-owned and Afghan-controlled. Mr Srivastava said, as an an important stakeholder, India is looking forward to work towards a peaceful, prosperous, sovereign, democratic and united Afghanistan. 

On a question on Line of Actual Control, LAC, Mr Srivastava said, the latest round of Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination, WMCC was held on 18th of last month December. He said, the two sides have agreed to hold the next round of Senior Commanders meeting and are in constant communication through diplomatic and military channels in this regard. The Spokesman said, in the meantime, both sides have maintained communication at the ground level to avoid any misunderstandings and misjudgments even as discussions continue for achieving complete disengagement in all friction areas in accordance with the existing bilateral agreements to restore peace and tranquility.

On another query on the issue of Indian sailors stranded in Chinese waters, Mr Srivastava said, Indian Embassy in Beijing is continuously following up the issue with relevant Chinese authorities. He said, Indian Ambassador has again personally taken up this issue with the Chinese Vice Foreign Minister and requested early approval for crew change for Indian crew members aboard two ships M V Jag-Anand and M V Anastasia. The Ministry is also in regular contact on this issue with the Chinese Embassy in New Delhi. The Spokesman said, in view of China’s strict COVID-19 pandemic control and prevention measures as well as various travel restrictions in place, the Chinese authorities have outlined detailed steps to ensure the smooth movement of new crew to China to effect crew change. He said, these steps have to be complied by the concerned shipping companies. With regard to the request of exploring alternative modes of crew change at sea, The Spokesman said, this possibility has also been taken up by with Chinese authorities, who have indicated that the details for this option are being worked out. He said, we are awaiting these details from Chinese authorities. Mr Srivastava said, we will continue to remain in touch with various relevant Chinese authorities as well as shipping companies to ensure that the humanitarian needs of the crew are taken care of and that crew changes can be effected at the earliest.

On a query on Vaccine Cooperation, the Spokesman said, India has been at the forefront of the global response in this common fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. He said, India sees international cooperation in this field, particularly with its neighbours, as its duty. Mr Srivastava said, in our neighbourhood, we have already provided medicines and other essential supplies. He said, we have held training sessions for experts from these countries on vaccine-related issues. 

On a query on H1B Visa, Mr Srivastava said, we have taken note of the recent proclamations of the US Government extending by three more months the current suspension of entry of certain immigrants and non-immigrants to the United States of America. He said, India is engaged with the U.S. Government for increased predictability in the visa regime and to minimize inconvenience to Indian nationals in the U.S. or those proposing to travel to the U.S. for bonafide reasons, including the movement of Indian professionals. The MEA Spokesman said, people-to-people relations are a vital part of the partnership between India and the U.S. He said, there is recognition in the U.S. of the fact that Indian skilled professionals have contributed to the growth of the U.S. economy and helped the U.S. retain its competitive edge and innovation advantage.

8th round of talks between Centre, farmer Unions concludes yesterday; next meet on Jan 15

The next round of talks between the Centre and farmer leaders will be held on 15th of this month. Briefing media after the eighth round of talks with representatives of farmers’ unions, Agriculture and Farmer Welfare Minister Narendra Singh Tomar said, discussion on the farm laws was taken up, but no decision could be made. He said, the government urged that if farmer unions give an option other than repealing, it will consider it, but no option could be presented, so the meeting was concluded.

The Minister said, those supporting the protest are of the view that the laws be repealed and there are many others who support the laws. He said, the government is continuously talking to the unions who want these laws to be repealed and it will also give appointment to those supporting the laws, when they request the government.

US President-elect Joe Biden names two Indian Americans in National Security Council of White House

In the United States, the President-elect Joe Biden has appointed two Indian-Americans to the National Security Council of the White House. Biden has named Indian-American Sumona Guha as senior director for South Asia and Tarun Chhabra as senior director for Technology and National Security.

Sumona Guha is currently serving as senior vice president at Albright Stonebridge Group. She was co-chair of the South Asia foreign policy working group during the Biden-Harris campaign. During the Obama-Biden administration, she was special advisor for national security affairs to the then Vice President Biden. She is a graduate of Johns Hopkins and Georgetown University.

Tarun Chhabra, who has been appointed senior director for Technology and National Security, is a senior fellow at the Centre for Security and Emerging Technology at Georgetown University. Chhabra had also served on the National Security Council staff as director for Strategic Planning and director for Human Rights and National Security Issues during the Obama-Biden Administration. Chhabra is an alumnus of Stanford University, Oxford University and Harvard Law School.

Biden has also named Shanthi Kalathil as Coordinator for Democracy and Human Rights in his National Security Council. She is currently senior director of the International Forum for Democratic Studies at the National Endowment for Democracy.

New Delhi says terror outfits banned by UN act as proxies for Pak govt to fulfill its anti-India agenda

India has said that the United Nations proscribed entities and designated terrorists act as proxies for Pakistani establishment to fulfill its anti-India agenda. MEA Spokesman Anurag Srivastava  said, it is for the international community to hold Pakistan to account and ensure that it takes credible action against terror groups, terror infrastructure and individual terrorists.

On a query on Pakistan court’s 15-year jail sentence to LeT terrorist Zakiur Rehman Lakhvi, Mr Srivastava said, the timing of these actions clearly suggests the intention of conveying a sense of compliance ahead of the Asia Pacific Joint Group (APJG) meeting and next Financial Action Task Force (FATF) plenary meeting next month. He said, it has become routine for Pakistan to come up with such farcical actions prior to important meetings.

On a query on UNSC Taliban Sanctions Committee, the MEA Spokesman said, India began its two-year tenure at the UN Security Council as a non-Permanent Member on the first of this month. He said, during the tenure, India will be guided by a commitment to promote responsible and inclusive solutions to international peace and security, a new orientation for a reformed multilateral system and a world view anchored in our ethos of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam.

DGCA issues guidelines for Airlines to transport COVID-19 vaccines

India’s civil aviation regulator, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), has issued guidelines to airlines and other aircraft operators for transportation of Covid-19 vaccines.

“All scheduled operators who have been currently authorized to carry dangerous goods may carry COVID19 vaccine packed in dry ice, meeting the regulatory requirements,” DGCA said in a circular.

“Non-scheduled operators, including aircraft engaged in general aviation, that are required to participate in the carriage of COVID 19 vaccines packed in dry ice shall seek specific approval before commencing such operations,” it added.

Covid-19 vaccination in India is expected to start in the next few days, Union Health Minister Harsh Vardhan said yesterday, adding that the union government has requested the stakeholders in the process to help in its smooth rollout.

The DGCA circular said that while dry ice with temperature varying from -8C to -70C is affordable for transportation of vaccine, it added that all operators engaged in vaccine transportation would need to establish the maximum quantity of dry ice that can be loaded in cargo holds or passenger cabins if passenger aircraft is deployed for vaccine transportation.

The circular added that operators will need to prepare and ‘Dos and Don’ts’ guidance for handling of vaccines and such packages would be handled only by trained personnel.

India’s drugs regulator Drugs Controller General of India has approved AstraZeneca and Oxford’s Covid-19 vaccine, manufactured by the Serum Institute in India under the Covishield brand and the indigenously developed Covaxin of Bharat Biotech for restricted emergency use in the country.

As per DGCA directives, authorised airlines can carry vaccine in dry ice in passenger cabin or cargo cabin. Passengers won’t be allowed on board if vaccines are being transported in the passenger cabin.

PM interacts with leading economists on charting economic agenda for post COVID world

Prime Minister Narendra Modi  interacted with India’s leading economists on charting the economic agenda in the post covid world. The interaction was organised by the NITI Aayog. All the attendants agreed that high frequency indicators are showing signs of a strong economic recovery and that too earlier than expected.

Prime Minister Modi appreciated the inputs received from the participants and highlighted the crucial role such interactions played in setting the national development agenda. He highlighted how the Covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent management threw up new professional challenges for all those involved. Mr Modi underlined that together with a fiscal stimulus, the government also tried reform based stimulus, which was seen through historic reforms in agriculture, commercial coal mining and labour laws.

The Prime Minister explained his vision behind an Atmanirbhar Bharat, where Indian companies are integrated in global supply chains in a manner not seen before. He underscored  the faith shown by foreign investors in India’s growth story, with foreign direct investment growing by 11 per cent between April and October, despite a global recession. Mr Modi highlighted the economic potential set to be unleashed by the National Optical Fibre Network, providing internet connectivity to some of India’s most remote areas.

On infrastructure, the Prime Minister highlighted the National Infrastructure Pipeline as the government’s commitment to developing world class infrastructure. The Prime Minister  stated the importance of partnerships in achieving the goals and  that such consultations play a crucial role in setting the broader economic agenda.

The attendants were broadly in agreement that next year will see robust growth and suggested measures to maintain this growth rate to drive India’s socio-economic transformation. The participants stressed the importance of investing in public health and education, as human capital would also likely emerge as a driver of growth, especially in the knowledge economy going forward. They also stressed on labour-intensive manufacturing given the success India has achieved in launching the production linked incentives,PLI scheme in mobile manufacturing.

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Minister of State for Finance Anurag Thakur, Niti Aayog Vice Chairman Rajiv Kumar and Niti Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant and other officials also attended the meeting along with leading economists of the country.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi to inaugurate Pravasi Bharatiya Divas convention today

The 16th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas convention will be held today through virtual mode. The convention will commence at 10 AM in the morning and will be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. During the inaugural session, President of the Republic of Suriname and Chief Guest, Chandrikapersad Santokhi will address the participants. The Valedictory Address will be delivered by President Ram Nath Kovind. The theme of the 16th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas is “Contributing to Aatmanirbhar Bharat”.

 Pravasi Bharatiya Divas is celebrated once in every two years to strengthen the engagement of the overseas Indian community with the Indian Government and it is also an endeavour which reconnects them with their roots. This year due to the pandemic, the convention is being held in a virtual mode, which will be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

The inaugural session will be followed by the two plenary sessions where discussions between eminent diaspora experts will be held on themes which include Role of Diaspora in Aatmanirbhar Bharat, and Facing Post Covid Challenges. India is proud of its largest diaspora across the globe which consists of nearly 31 million people. External Affairs Minister, Dr. Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, recently said that the Indian government values it’s vast diaspora enormously as they are the image of the country in the world.

India is also the country with the highest foreign remittances in the world which amounts to over 80 billion US dollars. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has time and again said that the Indian diaspora is the living root bridge between India and the world. He believes that the success of our diaspora has changed the perception of both India and Indians across the world. In the political sphere as well, people of Indian Origin are in prominent positions across the world.

Kamala Harris, Priyanca Radhakrishnan , Pravind Jugnauth, Leo Varadkar , Nikki Haley, Bobby Jindal, Priti Patel, Preet Bharara and Pramila Jayapal are few such names in the long list. The growing prominence of Indians in both business and politics abroad is  raising the profile of the country and will further encourage future trade links. Huge number of participants have registered this year to participate in the convention where 30 eminent diaspora members will be honoured with the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Awards.
Fifteen winners of the Bharat Ko Janiye Quiz will also be announced in the convention who would be later invited for a pan-India tour after the Covid-19 pandemic.

MINIMALISM – A NEW LIFESTYLE CHOICE

MINIMALISM IS OWNING FEWER POSSESSIONS.

Minimalism is intentionally living with only the things one really need—those items that support his/her purpose. One can remove the distraction of excess possessions so he/she can focus more on those things that matter most.

That is a short, elevator-pitch answer.

But oftentimes to answer more in-depth. But to explain simple living further, we can add:

IT IS INTENTIONALITY.

It is marked by clarity, purpose, and intentionality. At its core, being a minimalist means intentionally promoting the things we most value and removing everything that distracts us from it.

It is a life that forces intentionality upon us. As a result, it forces improvements in almost all aspects of your life.

Intentionality looks different for everybody, as no two individuals are the same, but it requires each of us to dive deeper and become more introspective about our values and passions.

IT IS FREEDOM FROM THE PASSION TO POSSESS.

Modern culture has bought into the lie that the good life is found in accumulating things—in possessing as much as possible. They believe that more is better and have inadvertently subscribed to the idea that happiness can be purchased at a department store.

But they are wrong. Embracing minimalism brings freedom from the all-consuming passion to possess. It steps off the treadmill of consumerism and dares to seek happiness elsewhere. It values relationships, experiences, and soul-care. It lets us see all that we already have and reminds us to be grateful.

In doing so, we find a more abundant life.

IT IS FREEDOM FROM MODERN MANIA.

Our world runs at a feverish pace. We are too hurried, too rushed, and too stressed. We work long, passionate hours to pay the bills, but fall deeper into debt every day. We rush from one activity to another—even multitasking along the way—but never seem to get anything done. We remain in constant connection with others through our cell phones, but true life-changing relationships continue to elude us.

Becoming a minimalist slows down life and frees us from this modern hysteria to live faster. It offers freedom to disengage. It seeks to keep only the essentials. It aims to remove the frivolous and keep the significant. It values the intentional endeavors that add value to life.

IT IS FREEDOM FROM DUPLICITY.

Although nobody intentionally chooses it, most people live in duplicity. They live one life around their family, one life around their co-workers, and another life around their neighbors. The lifestyle they have chosen requires them to portray a certain external image dependent upon their circumstances. They are tossed and turned by the most recent advertising campaign or the demands of their employer.

On the other hand, a simple life is united and consistent. It has learned a lifestyle that is completely transferable no matter the situation. It is the same life on Friday evening as it is on Sunday morning… as it is on Monday morning. It is reliable, dependable and unfluctuating. It works in all circumstances. It is honest and transparent.

IT IS COUNTER-CULTURAL.

We live in a world that idolizes celebrities. They are photographed for magazines, interviewed on the radio, and recorded for television. Their lives are held up as the golden standard and are envied by many. People who live simple lives are not championed by the media in the same way. They don‘t fit into the consumerist culture that is promoted by corporations and politicians. Yet, they live a life that is attractive and inviting.

While most people are chasing after success, glamour, and fame, minimalism calls out to us with a smaller, quieter, calmer voice. It invites us to slow down, consume less, but enjoy more. And when we meet someone living a simplified life, we often recognize that we have been chasing after the wrong things all along.

IT IS NOT EXTERNAL, BUT INTERNAL.

The principles have helped hundreds of thousands find freedom by removing much of the physical clutter in their homes and concentrates almost exclusively on the externals of life. And while it helps people find freedom from external clutter, it does not take the next step of helping people find freedom and unity in their heart and soul.

We have learned embracing this lifestyle is always a matter of the heart. After the external clutter has been removed, we create the space to address the deepest heart issues that impact our relationships and life.

IT IS COMPLETELY ACHIEVABLE.

Becoming a minimalist is completely achievable. My family stands as living proof. We were just your typical family of four living in the suburbs accumulating as much stuff as our income and credit cards would allow. Then, we found minimalism. We have embraced minimalist living and will never go back to the way life was before. We stand as living proof that simple living is completely achievable (and unique) to anyone who seeks it.

LET’S DEVELOP A COST EFFECTIVE-HOBBY TODAY!

Whether you’re trying to save money or just trying to get out of the same old rut, it can be fun to find new and interesting ways to enjoy your downtime. The first step to getting out of the same boring routine is exploring all of the options available. The process of trying out some hobbies you might not otherwise have considered can be an enjoyable experience by itself.

Say goodbye to watching TV like a zombie day in and day out, and say hello to having more fun, creativity, and wellness in your life. Consider 13 ideas to help get you started.

Hiking, Walking, or Biking

You don’t need to go to a gym to remain active. Instead, take a walk around your neighborhood or apartment complex. Seek out local trails that are for beginners and reconnect with nature.

Reading

Reading is a super cheap hobby that has a lot of benefits. It forces you to focus on something meaningful, can serve as an escape, and can spark creativity or inspiration. If you’re reading nonfiction, you probably will learn something new.If you’re not the page-flipping type, try audiobooks. They’re like podcasts and you can take them anywhere and listen to them on a walk.

Writing

You write and write and write all throughout school and college, and when you graduate, it’s the last thing you want to do. Unless your job involves writing reports, you probably don’t think of it as a hobby.Keeping a journal can be good for the soul, though. If you find it hard to vent to people, or if it’s difficult for you to work through things out loud, writing down your thoughts can help you make sense of it.

Cooking and Baking

Spending time in the kitchen can make some people miserable, but others thrive when they’re experimenting with different ingredients to make the perfect dish.The best part about cooking or baking is that so many recipes are available online you don’t need a cookbook at all. You can choose to follow recipes or adapt ones to make them your own.

Volunteering

Some might not consider volunteering a hobby, but it’s certainly an activity people can enjoy in their spare time limit. It has a lot of benefits, too. You feel good when you’re able to give back, especially to a cause that matters to you. You also may get involved in a friendly community of volunteers and make new friends.

Get Artsy

Depending on the medium, most artistic hobbies can be done on the cheap—especially when you consider one-time investments pay off in the future.For example, you might need to buy some brushes, pencils, paper, and paint, but the equipment and materials should last for a few months.

Learning

You might not think of learning as a hobby, but the possibilities are endless here. You can choose to learn a new language or a new skill that you can put to use at work. Or maybe there is a topic specific to you that you’ve always wanted to research. None of this has to involve formal study; you can follow your own path at your own pace.

Camping

Camping is a great hobby to pair with hiking, and it’s fairly inexpensive. For complete beginners, a tent, sleeping bag, firewood, and fire-starting materials are the basics to purchase. A small tent can be bought for around $25-$35, and basic sleeping bags are around the same price. To start a fire, all you really need are twigs and branches around the campsite, and a lighter to start the fire.

Finding Inspiration

If none of these hobbies speak to you, look to your friends and family for ideas. Do any of them have interesting hobbies you want to learn more about? Ask them about it, and they might help you bring down the cost by letting you borrow certain things or letting you partake in their hobbies with them.