Day: July 5, 2021

Bose-EinsteinCondensate The 5th Matter

QuantumPhaseTransition.svg

In condensed matter physics, a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter (also called the fifth state of matter) which is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero (−273.15 °C or −459.67 °F). Under such conditions, a large fraction of bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, at which point microscopic quantum mechanical phenomena, particularly wavefunction interference, become apparent macroscopically. A BEC is formed by cooling a gas of extremely low density (about one-hundred-thousandth (1/100,000) the density of normal air) to ultra-low temperatures.

This state was first predicted, generally, in 1924–1925 by Albert Einstein following and crediting a pioneering paper by Satyendra Nath Bose on the new field now known as quantum statistics.

This transition to BEC occurs below a critical temperature, which for a uniform three-dimensional gas consisting of non-interacting particles with no apparent internal degrees of freedom is given by:{\displaystyle T_{\rm {c}}=\left({\frac {n}{\zeta (3/2)}}\right)^{2/3}{\frac {2\pi \hbar ^{2}}{mk_{\rm {B}}}}\approx 3.3125\ {\frac {\hbar ^{2}n^{2/3}}{mk_{\rm {B}}}}}{\displaystyle T_{\rm {c}}=\left({\frac {n}{\zeta (3/2)}}\right)^{2/3}{\frac {2\pi \hbar ^{2}}{mk_{\rm {B}}}}\approx 3.3125\ {\frac {\hbar ^{2}n^{2/3}}{mk_{\rm {B}}}}}

where:

{\displaystyle \,T_{\rm {c}}}is the critical temperature,
\,nthe particle density,
\,mthe mass per boson,
\hbar the reduced Planck constant,
{\displaystyle \,k_{\rm {B}}}the Boltzmann constant and
\,\zeta the Riemann zeta function; {\displaystyle \,\zeta (3/2)\approx 2.6124.}\,\zeta(3/2)\approx 2.6124. 

Interactions shift the value and the corrections can be calculated by mean-field theory. This formula is derived from finding the gas degeneracy in the Bose gas using Bose–Einstein statistics.

Superfluidity of BEC and Landau criterion

The phenomena of superfluidity of a Bose gas and superconductivity of a strongly-correlated Fermi gas (a gas of Cooper pairs) are tightly connected to Bose–Einstein condensation. Under corresponding conditions, below the temperature of phase transition, these phenomena were observed in helium-4 and different classes of superconductors. In this sense, the superconductivity is often called the superfluidity of Fermi gas. In the simplest form, the origin of superfluidity can be seen from the weakly interacting bosons model.

Diabetes mellitus- A Lifestyle Disease

With increasing comfort in our day to day life, we have given invitation to deadly diseases in us. Our busy life has made us so involved in it that we don’t have time to look after our physical well being. 2 out of every 5 person is suffering from this disease- Diabetes, but lesser they know about what causes this disease, it’s types, symptoms and treatment.

WHAT IS DIABETES?

Diabetes mellitus commonly known as just diabetes, is a disorder in which the body does not produce enough or respond normally to insulin, causing blood sugar(glucose) levels to be abnormally high. Doctors often use the full name Diabetes mellitus, rather than diabetes alone, to distinguish this disorder from Diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus is a relatively rare disorder that does not affect blood glucose levels but just like Diabetes mellitus, also causes increased urination.

The three major nutrients that make up most food are carbohydrates, proteins, fat. Sugars are one of the three types of carbohydrates along with starch and fiber. There are many types of sugar such as simple and complex based on the number of carbon atoms they are made of. Table sugar(sucrose) is made of two simple sugars called glucose and fructose. Milk sugar(lactose) is made of glucose and a simple sugar called galactose. The carbohydrates in starches, such as bread, pasta, rice and similar foods are long chains of different simple sugar molecules. Once the body absorbs simple sugars, it usually converts them into glucose, which is an important source of fuel for the body. Glucose is the sugar that is transported through the bloodstream and taken up by the cells. The body can also make glucose from fats and proteins. Blood “sugar” really means blood glucose.

INSULIN

Insulin, a hormone released from the pancreas(an organ behind the stomach that also produces digestive enzymes) controls the amount of glucose in the blood. Glucose in the bloodstream stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin. Insulin helps glucose to move from blood into the cells. Once inside the cells, glucose is converted to energy, which is used immediately, or the glucose is stored as fat or the starch glycogen until it is needed. The level of glucose in the blood vary normally throughout the day. They rise after a meal and return to pre-meals levels within about 2 hours after eating. If the body does not produce enough insulin to move the glucose into the cells or if the cells stop responding normally to insulin(called insulin resistance), the resulting high levels of glucose in blood and inadequate amount of glucose in the cells causes diabetes.

TYPES OF DIABETES

  1. TYPE-1 DIABETES:- (formerly called insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile-onset diabetes) the body’s immune system attacks the insulin producing cells of pancreas and more than 90% of them are permanently destroyed. The pancreas produces little or no insulin.
  2. TYPE-2 DIABETES:- (formerly called non-insulin-dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes) the pancreas often continues to produce insulin, sometimes even at higher than normal levels, especially early in the disease. The insulin producing ability of the pancreas decreases.

SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES MELLITUS

The symptoms of high blood glucose levels include:-

  • increased thirst
  • increased urination
  • increased hunger
  • when the blood glucose level rises above 160 to 180 mg/dL glucose spills into the urine. When the levels of glucose in the urine rises even higher, the kidneys excrete additional water to dilute the large amount of glucose. Because the kidneys produce excessive urine, people with diabetes urinate large volumes frequently(polyuria).

Other symptoms of diabetes include:-

  • blurred vision
  • drowsiness
  • nausea
  • decreased endurance during exercise.

Treatment:-

  • Diet
  • Exercise
  • Weight loss
  • Education/ awareness
  • In type-1 diabetes, insulin injections are given.
  • In type-2 diabetes, often drugs by mouth and sometimes insulin or other drugs by injection are given.

OYO ROOMS STARTUP

OYO Rooms (stylized as OYO), also known as OYO Hotels & Homes, is an Indian multinational hospitality chain of leased and franchised hotels, homes, and living spaces. Founded in 2013 by Ritesh Agarwal, OYO initially consisted mainly of budget hotels. The startup expanded globally with thousands of hotels, vacation homes, and millions of rooms across more than 80 nations including India, Malaysia, UAE, Nepal, China, Brazil, Mexico, UK, Philippines, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Vietnam, the United States and more.

The company’s investors include SoftBank Group, Didi Chuxing, Greenoaks Capital, Sequoia India, Lightspeed India, Hero Enterprise, Airbnb, and China Lodging Group.

In 2012, Ritesh Agarwal launched Oravel Stays to enable listing and booking of budget accommodations; he renamed the firm OYO in 2013.

OYO partners with hotels to offer similar guest experiences across cities. Shortly after launching Oravel Stays, Ritesh Agarwal received a grant of $100,000 as a part of the Thiel Fellowship from Peter Thiel. OYO currently has over 17,000 employees globally, of which approximately 8000 are in India and South Asia. OYO Hotels & Homes maybe a full-fledged hotel chain that leases and franchises assets. the corporate invests in Capex hire GMs to oversee operations and customer experience also generating around 1,000,000 job opportunities in India and South Asia alone. OYO has also founded 26 training institutes for hospitality enthusiasts across India.

In April 2021, it had been claimed by several news reports and social media posts that OYO had filed for bankruptcy, but CEO Ritesh Agarwal clarified it to be untrue. However, he admitted that the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) initiated an insolvency resolution process on OYO Hotels on the idea of a hotelier’s petition over a monetary dispute with the corporate.

THE FOUNDER’S STORY

The teenage boy – Ritesh Agarwal is that the young Founder & CEO of OYO Rooms – the fastest-growing branded network of hotels offline & online. a university dropout, who once wanted to take a seat for an engineering exam, Ritesh today heads among the foremost valuable start-up by any individual who never studied beyond school. The journey of our hero began rather early than normal!

Ritesh was born to a business class family in Bissam Cuttack in Orissa and attended the Sacred Heart School in Rayagada, Orissa. During the growing up days in Rayagada, Odisha, it had been all about fun and learning for him but his ways were rather unconventional from those of other kids. His fun elements included screwing around with the pc and trying hard to seek out opportunities to form mistakes in order that he could learn new stuff. And doing that he gained a keen interest in software!

This started with the thought of it, moved on to understand about it then the hunger just went on increasing. To quench his thirst, he borrowed his elder brother’s books for programming. a number of the essential languages like Basic and Pascal were taught within the school itself and therefore the rest he managed to find out from Google. He even sold sim cards to survive, afraid his family would end his entrepreneurial dreams and summon him back home to Odisha if they knew of his struggles.

In Kota(Rajasthan), where he was ostensibly preparing for his IIT entrance exams, Ritesh says he couldn’t wait every weekend to slide bent Delhi and meet those doing their own thing. This 19-year-old had traveled for months staying at budget hotels, attended customer calls a day, and immersed himself in every possible experience to find out about budget hotel customers and their expectations. That was the type of on-the-ground learning that helped him pivot Oravel to Oyo.

TACHYON A PARTICLE THAT HELPS US TO TIME TRAVEL…

Tachyon, hypothetical subatomic particle whose velocity always exceeds that of light. The existence of the tachyon, though not experimentally established, appears consistent with the theory of relativity, which was originally thought to apply only to particles traveling at or less than the speed of light. Just as an ordinary particle such as an electron can exist only at speeds less than that of light, so a tachyon could exist only at speeds above that of light, at which point its mass would be real and positive. Upon losing energy, a tachyon would accelerate; the faster it traveled, the less energy it would have.

The name ‘tachyon’ (from the Greek ‘tachys,’ meaning swift) was coined by the late Gerald Feinberg of Columbia University. Tachyons have never been found in experiments as real particles traveling through the vacuum, but we predict theoretically that tachyon-like objects exist as faster-than-light ‘quasiparticles’ moving through laser-like media. (That is, they exist as particle-like excitations, similar to other quasiparticles called phonons and polaritons that are found in solids. ‘Laser-like media’ is a technical term referring to those media that have inverted atomic populations, the conditions prevailing inside a laser.)

an experiment at Berkeley to detect tachyon-like quasiparticles. There are strong scientific reasons to believe that such quasiparticles really exist, because Maxwell’s equations, when coupled to inverted atomic media, lead inexorably to tachyon-like solutions.

“Quantum optical effects can produce a different kind of ‘faster than light’ effect (see “Faster than light?” by R. Y. Chiao, P. G. Kwiat, and A. M. Steinberg in Scientific American, August 1993). There are actually two different kinds of ‘faster-than-light’ effects that we have found in quantum optics experiments. (The tachyon-like quasiparticle in inverted media described above is yet a third kind of faster-than-light effect.)

“First, we have discovered that photons which tunnel through a quantum barrier can apparently travel faster than light (see “Measurement of the Single-Photon Tunneling Time” by A. M. Steinberg, P. G. Kwiat, and R. Y. Chiao, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 71, page 708; 1993). Because of the uncertainty principle, the photon has a small but very real chance of appearing suddenly on the far side of the barrier, through a quantum effect (the ‘tunnel effect’) which would seem impossible according to classical physics. The tunnel effect is so fast that it seems to occur faster than light.

“Second, we have found an effect related to the famous Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen phenomenon, in which two distantly separated photons can apparently influence one anothers’ behaviors at two distantly separated detectors (see “High-Visibility Interference in a Bell-Inequality Experiment for Energy and Time,” by P. G. Kwiat, A. M. Steinberg, and R. Y. Chiao, Physical Review A, Vol. 47, page R2472; 1993). This effect was first predicted theoretically by Prof. J. D. Franson of Johns Hopkins University. We have found experimentally that twin photons emitted from a common source (a down-conversion crystal) behave in a correlated fashion when they arrive at two distant interferometers. This phenomenon can be described as a ‘faster-than-light influence’ of one photon upon its twin. Because of the intrinsic randomness of quantum phenomena, however, one cannot control whether a given photon tunnels or not, nor can one control whether a given photon is transmitted or not at the final beam splitter. Hence it is impossible to send true signals in faster-than-light communications.

Pin on The Laws of Relativity

Quitting sugar and benefits

We people have been into sugar like we eats sugar every now and then, there are some people who has formed a ritual like to eat sugary foods or items after every meal.

You have known by now that eating excesses sugar may results in various health related issues.

But there are two forms of sugar present. That is natural sugar and added sugar.

You might have also heard that natural sugar is good or better than added sugar. But do you know that both natural sugar and added sugar there is no different chemical difference between them. They are made of the same molecules — glucose and fructose.

There is no such difference between in foods that contain this sugar. The food present with natural sugar comes up with more healthier components like fiber and nutrients, that helps our body well nutrients and help sugar function in better way. But Adder sugar does not come up with these all-rounder nutrients which are available in natural sugar.

Sugar is not bad for you, but excessive amount of sugar intake will result in various health problems. Because in our body there are various organs which performs various functions in our body and one such function is that in our body there is a hormone released that is insule which controls our blood sugar level. If it is less sugar in your body o excessive sugar in your body both will harm you.

Some of the benefits of eating less sugar: –

  1. It will reduce your chances of various chronic illness or diseases.

Those who eats more sugar then required results in various health problems in body some chronic disease. Chronic diseases are diseases which are not of shorted duration like few days it lasts for about 3months to lifetime.

  • Reduce obesity in your body.

Obesity is that when a person gains too much fat in their body which may results in various health problems, so by eating less added sugar you actually reduces amount of excess calory intake in your body which may help in getting rid of obesity.

  • Eating less sugar will reduce your craving for more sugar.

It is might like eating sugar will reduce your craving, but it is actually opposite eating more sugar will increase your craving for more sugar and will also increase you craving for more sugar.

  • Helps in type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is basically when the blood sugar level increases in you body to the excessive level. Thus, by eating less sugar it will help reducing the chances of you having type 2 diabetes.

Although it will be tough at starting to quit sugar but latter as days will pass you will get use to not eating sugar. There will be even more benefits of not eating sugar. Like there will be less chances of having an acne porn skin and many benefits. Do not directly jump into quitting sugar from your life at extreme level try to reduce more and more day by day, replace added sugar with natural sugar.

But there is a difference in the foods that contain these sugars. Foods with natural sugars come with other healthy components, like fiber and nutrients, that offer your body well-rounded nutrition and help your body process sugar in a healthier fashion. On the other hand, added sugar doesn’t offer these benefits and, when consumed in excess, does more harm than good.

 Recommended books

https://www.amazon.com/s?k=habit&i=stripbooks-intl-ship&ref=nb_sb_noss_2
https://www.amazon.com/Atomic-Habits-James-Clear-audiobook/dp/B07RFSSYBH/ref=sr_1_2?dchild=1&keywords=habit&qid=1625462196&s=books&sr=1-2

ARE INTROVERTS MORE PRONE TO DEPRESSION THAN EXTROVERTS?

To begin with we first need to understand what exactly introversion and extroversion is. Introverts become exhausted when they are with other individuals, but when they are alone, they restore their vitality, whereas extroverts are the people who gets energetic when they are surrounded by people but when they are alone, they grow exhausted and gloomy. We must understand that there is nothing wrong with being either especially  the people who are introverts because they are the one’s  who are often looked down upon because of their personality traits of being diffident and timid. But they are the ones who have creative and original mind and are a great problem-solvers. 

However, a prominent symptom of depression is withdrawal from people which is also a personality trait of introverts who likes to be in solitude away from others. Thus, someone who doesn’t know the introvert well might believe that the person have depression or social anxiety based on these traits. But a closed one can motivate the introvert to seek professional help. 

REASONS WHY INTROVERTS ARE MORE PRONE TO DEPRESSION

1.BRAIN ACTIVITY IN INTROVERTS

Introverts don’t want or crave more stimulation from other people because they already have a lot on their minds. Because of which their brain activity is significantly higher than that of extroverts, according to neurological research. But this has a negative as well as positive aspect since such brain activity can be used as strength because introverts typically are brilliant thinkers and creators but but it can also be a disadvantage because they may overthink certain ideas and emotions especially overthinking negative emotions like guilt, embarrassment, and helplessness as a result of social isolation can cage their minds and make them more vulnerable to mental health disorders.

2. Traits of being a perfectionist and self-assertive 

There are many self-help books which claim that being a perfectionist will not help you in gaining power over others or do not exhibit self- confidence instead it develops negative emotions. Introverts do have this personality trait of being a perfectionist and are very self-assertive because of which they feel unsatisfied with themselves and with their lives of not doing good enough. And it leads to mental exhaustion and creates anxiety and they become more prone to depression. So, a gentle reminder to all the people who are being harder on themselves, to relax and be gentler and cautious of these traits.

3.Tendency of being alone

Being at ease with oneself and enjoying alone should be viewed as a strength but As we all know that excess of everything is dangerous. So, Excessive seclusion is a harmful habit that can lead to depression and other psychological problems and is the one thing the introverts should be mindful about.  

Many studies were conducted to see the linkage between introversion and depression, and it has been found out that introversion contribute to the onset of depression. A research was conducted in 2017 which suggests that people with lower extroversion tends to have more social anxiety and depressive thoughts such as suicide because they have higher levels of neuroticism which means experiencing negative feelings. 

So people with introversion are more likely to have a higher risk of depression and if someone is suffering from depression or other mental health condition should seek mental health professional help in order to correctly diagnose, treat, and analyze such diseases because recovery takes time and asking for help is a brave move.

SMOKING IS INJURIOUS TO HEALTH

                                                   

                              

In these modern days about half of the population of
any country is addicted to smoking the worst part in it is even youngsters
including girls are dependent on these cigars. 

These cigarettes play a vital
role when their emotions are to be expressed more aggressively. Certain people
use them as a stress buster as a result slowly it becomes an addiction to the
core so which it can’t be forgot or avoided just like that. 

People are unable
to accept the fact that smoking is not a reason for cancer it is the cause for
it. It is a slow poison which affects each and every precious organ in our body
finally causing fatality. A healthy person will lose his period of lifetime so
quickly if he becomes a smoker.

 The vapors from these cigars not only affects
but also people surrounding us. Chain-smokers rate of deaths are increasing day
by day. If a person smokes 16-25 cigarettes per day Type 2 Diabetes are much
eager to affect you. 

In a health study conducted by US recently, proves that
nearly 50-60% people are at risk of developing diabetes. Firstly, it decreases
the oxygen level in the lungs leading to heart problems followed by storage of
unwanted impurities in our body finally increases the glucose and pressure in
the blood.

 

In fact, the studies of researchers prove that it
after our genetic structure (DNA) and causes defects in their genes and for
their children. “Keep the key of your life in your hands don’t give it to
tobacco”, All the adults
relish it very much, they don’t know how harmful it is. 

Cigarette
smoking is one of the major killers in the world. The biggest side effect from
smoking is cancer. Cancer is a group of many related diseases. All forms of
cancer involve out-of-control growth and spread of abnormal cells. 

The risk of dying from lung cancer is 22 times
higher for males, and 12 times higher for female smokers as oppose to non
-smokers.” The smoker’s life is always in tobacco’s hand”.  Additionally, smokers are at an increased risk
for cancer of the larynx, oral cavity, oesophagus, bladder, kidney and
pancreas. 



There is a boom in the popularity of smoking cigars. The health
risks of cigar smoking are, again, ignored in this effort of making cigars look
‘cool’ or better than cigarettes’. 

But cigar smoking also increases the risk of
several cancers, including cancer of the oral cavity (lip, tongue, mouth,
throat), oesophagus, larynx, and lung. Cigar smoking may be linked to the
cancer of the pancreas as well. Daily cigar smoking, especially for people who
inhale, also increases the risk of heart disease and a type of lung disease
known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD. 

When a cigarette
is smoked, about one-half of the smoke generated is side stream smoke that
comes from the burning cigarette between puffs. This side stream smoke contains
many of the same carcinogenic (cancer-causing) and toxic agents that have been
identified in the main smoke inhaled by the smoker. 

“AS CIGAR TURNS INTO
ASHES LIFE ALSO TURNED INTO ASHES” –                  SEVERINA DSOUZA

A product that
increases its brand by using people’s life to survive is a very horrible way to
think. 

Inspite of knowing the causes people hesitate to sacrifice to for a
healthy and disease-free surrounding. It is especially harmful for children, and
senior citizens or pets, even if the smoking isn’t done near them. 

I recommend
smokers to think and act wisely before you lose some precious ones or yourself
for this silly tobacco. We can avoid them by using tablets, chewing gums and
engaging yourself in other works which will help us improve from the idea of smoking
and gives relief. 



Teenagers should be monitored carefully and support from
parents will help them a lot to overcome this habit. Elders can motivate them
in a positive way and create awareness among them so they regret if they even
think about it again. I advise people to help yourself and live happily instead
of losing your life for an unworthy thing or object.

 

 


Why reading is important

It isn’t just children that benefit from reading. Reading is one of the best forms of self-education for adults too. While it can be easy to watch a YouTube video or listen to a podcast, reading still takes the cake when it comes to comprehension and increasing your education. As you’ll see when you read on, there are plenty of benefits that you can get from reading.

So, what are the benefits of reading books ?

1. Increases intelligence –

Reading plays an important part in shaping the intelligence of an individual.

Exposure to vocabulary through reading newspapers or novels not only leads to higher score on reading tests, but also higher scores on general tests of intelligence. It helps to dive into a different dimension and helps to think from the character’s perspective. Plus, stronger  reading skills may mean higher intelligence later in life.

2. Increase vocabulary –

If you don’t know the specific word for something, then you will have fewer nuances of it’s meaning. When reading, you’ll expose yourself to more words which allows for understanding on different level. Reading an hour a day will expose you to four million words per year. These words when you learn while reading, can incorporate in your daily life as well.

3.  Improve concentration –

If you are looking for ways to improve your memory and concentration and also relieve stress, reading will help. The brain-stimulating activities from reading have shown to slow down cognitive decline in old age with people who participated in more mentally stimulating activities over their lifetimes. Reading helps to build patience and concentration.

4. Reading helps to cure depression –

According to a study in University of Liverpool, reading helped patients suffering from depression with their social well-being.

Reading helped build self-confidence, lessening cultural isolation, building a sense of community and fostering increased communication skills.

5. It helps us to understand people better –

Reading fiction has often been claimed to broaden the mind. Now scientists have found that enjoying a novel really does help us to understand other people’s points of view. It seems that the age-old tradition of story-telling has an important role in helping us to develop empathy.

6.  Improves communication skills –

Reading definitely helps in improving communication skills . It increases the vocabulary and gives you confidence while speaking as you have more knowledge.  Reading increases your exposure to world and expands your horizon which in turn makes you a better communicator.

7. Reading increases your general knowledge –

The more your read, the more exposed you are to new facts and ideas. This exposure helps you to understand, reconnect and come up with your own ideas.

8.  It sharpens the memory –

As you read, you take several pauses, create the scenes in your head and let your imagination flow as the book progresses. In a way, you are working out on the brain which could have been idle otherwise. You are rightly exercising the huge part of the human cerebrum which in turn keeps different parts active at the same time. As you read, you a picture, run videos of the scenes in your head. In this respect, many cells are exercised and this help to sharpen the memory.

Kapil Dev

Kapil Dev(Full Name:Kapil Dev Ramlal Nikhanj), regarded as the greatest Indian all-rounder and one of the best all-rounders in the history of cricket, was born on 6th of January, 1959 in Chandigarh, India. He represented India and Haryana at national and state level respectively. He also played for Northamptonshire and Worcestershire during his career. He is known for being the only cricketer to have scored more than 5000 runs and picked over four hundred wickets. His greatest achievement was leading an underdog Indian to glory in the 1983 ICC Cricket World Cup.  

Kapil Dev entered the scene of professional cricket with his debut for his state team Haryana in first-class cricket. His debut match was against Punjab in the Ranji Trophy in 1975-76. He impressed by picking 6 wickets for 39 runs in this match. He started bowling as a spinner in this match and later switched to fast medium bowling. He batted right-arm and bowled right-arm fast medium pace. He was a middle-order batsman with tremendous power and was known for power hitting. His ability to bowl and bat fast racked to the national team. He made his debut for the Indian national cricket team during the 1978-79 series against Pakistan. In his debut appearance, he picked seven wickets in the series. He was nicknamed as ‘Haryana Hurricane’.

Kapil Dev was the sixth child in his family. His parents were Ram Lal Nikhanj and Raj Kumari Lajwanti, who had moved from Rawalpindi to Chandigarh during the Partition. His father ran a construction and timber business. Right from a young age he was interested in games than academics. He gained attention at a higher level when he was just thirteen years old. He asked to fill up a spot in one of Chandigarh sector teams. His performances led to repeated call ups. This attracted selectors from the state level and was picked in the state team. At his time, he was the only true fast bowler India possessed. Throughout his career, he played with aggression and matchless passion. He was filled with energy and self reliant even when he was young. Kapil Dev regards his father as his role model and idolised G. R. Vishwanath when growing up. G. R. Vishwanath was a match winner in those days and is regarded as one of the greatest Indian batsmen. The Indian team never lost a match whenever Vishwanath scored a century. 

There were many highlights during his career: leading the Indian to victory in 1983 World Cup, his match saving knock of 175 not out including 22 boundaries against Zimbabwe, becoming the youngest player to score two thousand runs and pick two hundred wickets. At the end of his international test career, he boasted a record 434 wickets including 23 five-fors (which was later broken by Courtney Walsh) and 5000 runs with the bat. In one day internationals, he managed to score 3783 runs and pick 253 wickets which consisted of one hundred and one five wicket haul. His first class record is equally impressive with the numbers of 10,800 runs including sixteen centuries and 815 wickets. He was declared as the Indian cricketer of the century by Wisden magazine in 2002. Since his retirement, he has been involved in cricket administration and broadcasting roles.

References:

Cricbuzz

SELF-LOVE

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Self-love is a state of appreciation for oneself that grows from actions that support our physical, psychological and spiritual growth. Self-love means having a high regard for your own well-being and happiness. Self-love means taking care of your own needs and not sacrificing your well-being to please others. Self-love means not settling for less than you deserve. When you love yourself, you have an overall positive view of yourself. This doesn’t mean you feel positive about yourself all the time. That would be unrealistic! For example, I can temporarily feel upset, angry, or disappointed with myself and still love myself. If this is confusing, think about how this works in other relationships. I can love my son even though I sometimes feel angry or disappointed with him. Even in the midst of my anger and disappointment, my love for him informs how I relate to him. It allows me to forgive him, consider his feelings, meet his needs, and make decisions that will support his wellbeing. Self-love is very much the same. Which means, if you know how to love others, you know how to love yourself!

Self-love can mean something different for each person because we all have many different ways to take care of ourselves. Figuring out what self-love looks like for you as an individual is an important part of your mental health. Self-love means accepting yourself as you are in this very moment for everything that you are. It means accepting your emotions for what they are and putting your physical, emotional and mental well-being first.

Ways to practice self-love include:

  • Becoming mindful. People who have more self-love tend to know what they think, feel, and want.
  • Taking actions based on need rather than want. By staying focused on what you need, you turn away from automatic behavior patterns that get you into trouble, keep you stuck in the past, and lessen self-love.
  • Practicing good self-care. You will love yourself more when you take better care of your basic needs. People high in self-love nourish themselves daily through healthy activities, like sound nutrition, exercise, proper sleep, intimacy and healthy social interactions.
  • Making room for healthy habits. Start truly caring for yourself by mirroring that in what you eat, how you exercise, and what you spend time doing. Do stuff, not to “get it done” or because you “have to,” but because you care about you.

Why is self-love important

If you grew up without any models for self-love or anyone who talked to you about the importance of being good to yourself, you might question its value. Well, without self-love, you’re likely to be highly self-critical and fall into people-pleasing and perfectionism. You’re more likely to tolerate abuse or mistreatment from others. You may neglect your own needs and feelings because you don’t value yourself. And you may self-sabotage or make decisions that aren’t in your own best interest. Self-love is the foundation that allows us to be assertive, set boundaries and create healthy relationships with others, practice self-care, pursue our interests and goals, and feel proud of who we are.

Movie Review- The Perfect Date

Movie The perfect date

In olden days love was simple , yet turned out to be the most beautiful one. But as the technology developed and world became modernized day after the other , people expected same out of love. They wanted something unique and exquisite out of love. In this process they fail to understand the real version of their partners. They struggle to unleash the real version of their inner soul to their soulmates(find another word). Most people are attracted by the gifts and gestures by their partners with no clue how they feel about the same. This is the reason why we are getting a feeling that love is complicated.

Driven by Dreams:

The hero is a young high school lad who has 3 important dreams

  1. To get admission in Yale University
  2. To have the most popular girl in the city as his girlfriend
  3. To have his own luxury car
    He works after his school in a subway shop to save money for his education. Disheartened by the fact that he is not able to save enough money for his expenditure , he is desperate to find ways that will fetch him more money. Once he was offered money to take a girl called Celia to a date. That’s when an idea sparkled in his mind. With the help of his friend he built an app where girls can book him for a date with their expectations out of him so that he can match them on the date.

Realisation:

The idea worked out. Bookings started to pour down from all over the city and he was overwhelming with the success. He changed himself everyday according to the expectations of the girl he dates. He also starts to date the most popular girl in the city.But at one point of time he realises he has lost the ones who have loved him for who he was without any expectations. Things he did to bring back things normal and the ways he cherished what he had in his life unfolds thereafter.

Love is all about accepting the person for who they are at the moment . Anything that is force fed will not last longer. Also there is no time for that you must fall in love. You can take your own time to figure things out.

https://www.npr.org/2019/04/12/712246447/the-perfect-date-a-teen-romcom-by-any-other-name-is-reasonably-swee

JOURNEY TO SANITY – DOUBLE STANDARDS

EMOTIONS ARE GENDER NEUTRAL

We have been conditioned in such a way that it is believed, that women are supposed to be fragile and sensitive in nature where as men are supposed to be thick-skinned and emotionally numb. However, in reality emotions are gender neutral. It’s not manly to be strong and harsh. And similarly, it’s not feminine to be weak and to cry. The experiences faced by men or women might be different but since they are both humans and have emotions, it is not wrong to express it.
(So, the next time someone tells you to man up and stop crying, you know what to say)

SHARING RESPONSIBILITIES AND RESPECTING THE OPINIONS OF YOUR PARTNER DOES NOT MAKE YOU A ‘JORU KA GULAM‘

Understanding, Compassion and Mutual – Respect should be the basis for any healthy relationship. It is the basic need of a human to be heard and acknowledged. Hence, it doesn’t make a man a ‘Joru Ka Gulam’ if he is respectful to the opinions of his partner and understands him/her. Society in general tends to question and mock those changes that question their years of belief. In order to avoid their inner-conflict, they discourage the progressive mass so that they don’t have to change and no one can question them. (Yes, kind of like a defence mechanism – Pointing fingers at the other person before they point at you).

FAMILY RESPONSIBILITY SHOULD NOT BE THE SOLE RESPONSIBILITY OF A MAN OR A WOMEN.

Two people form a relationship and they are called partners for a reason. They are part responsible for every aspect of a household. So why should the burden of the entire family fall on the shoulders of a single person. It is normal for a woman to have a successful career and to support a family financially. (No, it doesn’t make him less manly by earning less or letting his wife handle finances). Similarly, household chores should not be the sole responsibility of a women. It doesn’t make a man submissive if he cooks for his partner or does basic household chores. Rather, such relationships are built on mutual respect and compassion which tend to last longer.

STRONG, BRAVE AND INDEPENDENT ARE NOT TERMS SYNONYMOUS WITH MEN.

It is acceptable for a women to be strong yet sensitive, to be scared yet courageous enough to face it. Adjectives like strong, brave are often used for men, whereas it’s completely normal for a women to have each of those qualities. We have women officers who are equally as brave as the men. There are men who prefer household work over finances and it doesn’t make them dependant on their partners or submissive in any way.

Do not forget to read more from the series 🙂

JOURNEY TO SANITY – ACCEPTANCE

JOURNEY TO SANITY – SUNSHINE 🌤️

JOURNEY TO SANITY – MINDFULNESS

JOURNEY TO SANITY -JOURNALING

OPEC

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting
Countries (OPEC):

• A permanent Intergovernmental Organization ofb14-oil exporting developing nations.

• Created in 1960 at the Baghdad conference by
Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela.

• The other members of OPEC include Algeria,NAngola, Congo, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Libya, Nigeria, and United Arab Emirates.

• Qatar which was a member, left OPEC on
January 2019.

• Other oil exporting nations join OPEC meetings as

observers.

• Mission:
 To ensure that they remain stable so that there is an efficient, economic and
regular supply of petroleum, to the consumers.
 To ensure steady income to the oil producers. It will also ensure the business interests of the investors in the petroleum industry.

• Headquartered at Vienna, Austria.

• The OPEC Secretariat – executive organ:
located in Vienna.

• Releases the publication called the ‘World Oil
Outlook’. OPEC+ :

• A group of 24 oil-producing nations: 14 members of the OPEC; and 10 other non-OPEC members, including Russia.

• Born in 2017 with a deal to coordinate oil production among the countries in a bid to the stabilize prices of oil.

• Reached deals for members to voluntarily cut and ramp-up production in response to changes in global oil prices.

• Members collectively agree on how much oil to produce.

2300 year old step well found near Erode

Kodumanal Excavation site

• Located – Erode, a district in Tamil Nadu.

• Northern bank of the Noyyal river – Tributary of River Cauvery.

• Excavation – Megalithic period; Early historic period. • Habitation-cum-industrial site.

• Excavations since 1981.

• Industrial complex – beads and semi- precious stones were manufactured.

• Iron smelting units – forged steel at the site.
• Trade centre – 5th – 1st BCE. • Village – Chera capital of Karur with the Chera port of Muciri in Pattnam in Kerala.

Excavations

• Circle-shaped step-well – found for the first time. • Scientific dating – 2,300 years old.

• 2020 – Rubble masonry wall of 3.5 metres – waterway.

• Current excavation – trench was dug near the
last year’s trench • Result – Discovery of the well.
• Well – 2.65 metres wide; Depth – deposits were
removed.

• Steps – weathered rocks, slopes down from the
ground to the well that served the habitation.

• Two rubble masonry walls existed on either
side of the steps.

• Site – habitation come industrial site
 Water – Used both for household needs as
well as for polishing beads and other industrial activities.
• Other Findings:
 Pottery – Black and red ware, black slipped
ware, russet coated ware and red slipped ware.
 Beads – Quartz and clay.
 Potsherds
 Megalithic cairn circle
 Iron sword
 Double edged axe
 Small daggers

Huge spike in fuels prices

Huge spike in fuels prices

• Four factors influencing rise in prices:
 Crude oil, freight and processing charges to the dealer.
 Excise duty charged by the
government.
 Dealer commission to the gas station.
 Value Added Tax levied by the state government.

Impacts of taxes on fuel price hike

• Increasing central and state taxes on fuel – key
reason for high fuel prices.

• 2020: Centre hiked the excise duty on petrol and
diesel by Rs. 13 and 16 per litre.
 To shore up revenues.

• Example: In Delhi, central and state taxes – 57 % of
pump prices of petrol and is about 51.4 % for diesel.

• Central government has not cut central taxes – taxes
on auto fuels should be cut to curb inflation.

Fuel price hike and inflation

• When fuel prices rise, so does inflation.

• Higher the inflation – lower will be the inflation-adjusted returns.

• India’s retail inflation became 6.3% in May 2021- breached the upper
limit of RBI (6%).

Way forward

• ICRA: government may cut cess levies on retail prices
of petrol and diesel to ease prices.

• Petrol consumption is estimated to grow 14% and diesel 10% year-on-year in FY22.
 Reason: Recovering economic activities and mobility – easing of curbs and accelerating Covid19 vaccinations.

• Higher consumption of fuels – support a rise in the
indirect taxes levied on them. • Growth in consumption would result in Rs. 40,000 crore of extra cess collections.

• Existing fuel price can be cut by ₹4.50 per litre for
petrol and diesel.