Things to learn from the Japanese

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Japanese people have a unique way of living that provides many lessons for people willing to open their minds and understand their incredible culture. Japan boasts a nation of people who are incredibly kind, good-natured and polite.

The few things I learnt from them are :

REVERENCE TO PEOPLE

Japanese are masters of showing respect. Whether it’s the way they greet people they don’t know or their incredible attention to detail when it comes to developing relationships. The Japanese are mindful of respect at all times.

HARDWORK TO ACHIEVE GOALS

They work extremely hard to achieve their goals. Its for this reason that they’re one of the most pioneering, forward thinking nations on the planet! They work really hard in their careers, so they can support their families and work on self-growth.

VISIONARIES

Japan has some of the most pioneering technology companies on the planet, including Toyota, Nippon and Honda. The country has propelled its technological advancements to the forefront of human history. We must learn to believe in our vision, even if no one has achieved that.

DISCIPLINED LIFE

Discipline is akin to respect in Japan. To be disciplined is not to give in to your urges but to live a life that is respectable and based on profound will to do good for people.

CLEALINESS

In Japan, there is a general obsessiveness with cleanliness that starts in the home and extends to public spaces like parks and schools. It certainly makes the country an extremely pleasant place to be.

MYSTERY OF SRI YANTRA DESIGN ON OREGON LAKE BED

The Sri Yantra is a Mystical diagram, where the word “Sri” is known as “wealth” and the word “Yantra” is known as an “instrument”. This diagram is formed by nine interlocking triangles that are surrounded and radiated out from the Central (Bindu) point. The Two-dimensional Sri Yantra, when it is projected into three- dimensions is called a Maha Meru. In Hindu Vedas it is believed that worship of Sri Yantra creates a numerous positive effects. In simple words Sri Yantra is the symbol of Hinduism, which is purely based on the Hindu philosophy of vedas. In todays article I’m going to explain about a mystery on Sri Yantra which was found in Oregon, USA at 1990.

In the year of 1990 on august 10th an Air National Guard pilot Bill Miller noticed a strange formation on an Oregon dry lake bed that the Air National Guard frequently flew over on training missions. He noticed that massive formation is a quarter mile wide and is located 70 miles southeast of Burns, Oregon. Later they found that strange formation on lake bed as a Sri Yantra which occupied 13 miles in length and width. 

Most of the officials suspected that mysterious formation took thousands of dollars and a lot of man power to complete along with high tech equipment and lasers and some people, including professors and researchers in USA believed that it was done by aliens and a team also assigned for searching clues about its formation.

For some time this event was treated with the head scratching bewilderment that accompanies crop formations. On the ground investigations revealed no tell tale signs of vehicles or human intervention. Word spread fast that it was an extra terrestrial event. People were intrigued and fascinated but got stuck on the how? And the wow! The event was debated for some time.

Suddenly everyone got surprised when an artist named as Bill Witerspoon from Iowa and his friends came into the picture of investigation by saying that, the mysterious formation of Sri Yantra on Oregon lake bed was done by them with the use of sticks, wires, 12 miles of string and a basic plow but most of the people doesn’t accepted with their statement on Sri Yantra formation. After a detailed interview with Bill witerspoon and his friends on this matter they said about the following matter

” In the year of 1990 on summer, Bill Witerspoon along with his group of friends went to a remote alkali lake bed in the high desert of southeast Oregon to inscribe a large Sri Yantra in the earth and they were also decided to live in the large central point that contain in Sri Yantra. For drawing the massive art form they chosen that site because of its beauty and remoteness. Almost no one, except a few ranchers, ever went there and they also felt that inscribing lines in the alkali surface would not disturb any vegetation and it would be a transitory event which eventually disappears back into the surface through the natural action of wind and the occasional water that floods the lake bed every few years. They also said that drawing of that art form took almost ten days for it’s completion.

After the completion of the art work they lived in the nine-foot central circle of the Sri Yantra for almost three weeks. During that period of their stay in that central circle they observed remarkable changes in the workings of Nature within the design and in the valley where it was situated.”

The art form that was drawn on that landscape subjected to change of the “feeling” within the valley which was eventually noted by ranchers and other people who have known the area for a long time. People reported experiencing qualities of energetic peacefulness, harmony with nature and enhanced intuition when they were in the design and valley. Another influence was a radical change in the quality of meditation that would repeatedly occur if individuals moved a few feet out of the central circle into the innermost triangle of the design or vice versa.

Changes in the environment were also observed vastly within the design, which had been inscribed in highly alkaline silt, incapable of supporting any kind of vegetation, there were remarkable changes in the direction of increased fertility. So, Guys this is the mystery behind the formation of SRI YANTRA on Oregon lake bed and there is no doubt in saying that people near Oregon lake bed had experienced the favourable changes only because of the Sri Yantra design on that landscape.

IS JEALOUSY A SIGN OF LOVE ?

Many people glamourize jealousy by saying it’s a sign of love. It’s not! It’s a sign of insecurity and reflective of seeing your partner as an object to be possessed. It’s a negative emotion stemming from both desire and insecurity, but not love. Conversely, if you love the fact someone is possessive about you, it stems from your debilitating need to be loved and be taken care of, even at the cost of your freedom

What is Jealousy?

Jealousy and possessiveness are not safe cocoons. It’s a prison where the prisoner has to behave as per the rules and insecurities of the jailor or be punished for it. There is no space or regard for trust, individuality or personal growth. Your love for your partner and your desire to see them happy will be used as a means to whip you into subservience and to force you to bow down to their demons. None of it is healthy, desirable or productive. None of it will create harmony and long term happiness.

To truly love is to trust. To allow those you love to blossom, be the best they can be. To be protective and not possessive because being protective is to care about them and being possessive is all about catering to the self.

Why We Feel Jealous?

Antonio Guillem/Shutterstock

Jealousy is often thought of in the context of romantic relationships: a boyfriend who forbids his girlfriend from talking to other men, for instance, or a person who can’t stand to see her old flame post pictures with a new partner on Facebook. But the feeling can occur in almost every type of human relationship—from siblings competing for parental attention to coworkers trying to impress a respected boss.

Although jealousy is a painful emotional experience, evolutionary psychologists regard it not as an emotion to be suppressed but as one to heed—as a signal or a wake-up call that a valued relationship is in danger and that steps need to be taken to regain the affection of a mate or friend. As a result, jealousy is seen as a necessary emotion, because it preserves social bonds and motivates people to engage in behaviors that maintain important relationships.

How to Deal With Jealousy?

Skitterphoto_Pexels

Even though it may feel taboo, simply acknowledging jealousy’s presence can both help ward it off in the future and strengthen a relationship in the present. Exploring the emotions that underpin jealousy can inspire self-reflection that may help to develop internal coping skills. Being honest with the other party about jealous feelings can spur productive conversations about what the relationship might be missing and how to repair the bond

Valuable though it can be, jealousy also has the potential to fuel damaging behavior. It can compel someone to obsessively monitor another’s communication, relationships, and whereabouts; attempt to lower their self-confidence; or even behave violently.

FAQs

Why am I so jealous?

Research has identified many root causes of extreme jealousy, including low self-esteem, high neuroticism, and feeling possessive of others, particularly romantic partners. Fear  of abandonment is also a key motivator.

Are men more jealous than women?

Men and women both feel jealousy. Some evidence suggests that in the context of romantic relationships, men feel greater jealousy about sexual infidelity  (real or perceived), while women tend to feel more jealous about emotional infidelity.

ARE WE ‘DECEPTIVE’ IN NATURE ?

“A lie that is half-truth is the darkest of all lies.”
― Alfred Tennyson

In true sense, the word deception implies ‘make believe’, that is, convincing a person that something exists whereas, in reality, it does not exist. Deception is a simple tool for enticing people and trapping them to believe in something unbelievable. This is an evil that has subsisted among human beings since time immemorial in literature and history we come across several uses of deceptive methods; even in our contemporary world, deception is rampant. In fact, such is the enormity of deception that it is often difficult to distinguish the real from the fake. Consequently, even today we come across reports of how many large corporations, especially related to chit funds, dupe their investors through unrealistic schemes. As a result of their ‘get-rich-quickly schemes lakhs of innocent investors lose their lifelong savings because they are shown the dream of coming out of their miseries but are pushed to the brink of perishing.

Deception is also a major tool used in forging currency notes and other negotiable instruments like cheques and drafts. Governments across the world have introduced many new techniques to ensure that their markets are not flooded by fake currency notes or negotiable instruments but, so far, there has been no fool-proof methodology to prevent the menace. Master criminals always manage to deceive by preparing exact copies of the originals. The same applies for important documents like passports and visas.

With the dawn of online shopping, fraudsters have had a free-run as it is practically easy to dupe people and escape without leaving a trace. People end up paying money for products bought online but never actually receive the goods on many occasions, or even if they do, such goods are either defective or elaborately wrapped empty boxes are provided. Consequently, tracking cyber-criminals is very difficult and the number to solved cases is low.

However, like everything else, even deception is a double-edged weapon: it can be used against a deceitful enemy and so serves as an important military tactic, especially in guerrilla warfare. We have read how Babur, the first Mughal Emperor enticed Ibrahim Lodhi to charge headlong and then fall into the covered trenches on the battlefield or how Chhatrapati Shivaji, the great Maratha warrior, used deception to kill Afzal Khan and harass Aurangzeb. Nobody can ever forget the deception carried out by Mark Antony in inciting the Romans from the Forum to rebel against the conspirators who killed Julius Caesar.

In present day military tactics, elaborate plans are drawn out to combat the enemy. The best-known methodology is to plant spies among them so that delicate information can be easily retrieved and the opponent’s actions can be monitored.

The Great Emu War

The ‘Emu War’, also known widely as the Great Emu War, was a nuisance wildlife management military operation undertaken in Australia in the later part of 1932 to address public concern over the number of Emus that were said to be running amok in the Campion district of Western Australia. The unsuccessful attempts to curb the population of emus, employed soldiers armed with Lewis guns, a World War 1 era light machine gun, making the local media to adopt the name “Emu War” when referring to the incident. 

While a number of emus were killed, the emu population persisted and continued to wreak havoc by crop destruction.

Background

Discharged Australian WW1 veterans were given lands to take up farming by the Australian government within Western Australia. The difficulties farmers were already facing increased by the arrival of as many as 20,000 emus. Emus regularly migrate after their breeding season, heading to the coast from the inland regions. With the lands cleared and additional water supplies being made available for the livestock by the Western Australian farmers, the Emus found that the cultivated lands were a good habitat for them, and began to intrude into farm territory. The veteran farmers began taking up arms against the birds.

The War

Military involvement was due to begin in October 1932. The “war” was conducted under the command of Major G. Meredith of the Seventh Heavy Battery of the Royal Australian Artillery. They moved in formation behind the birds, and the birds answered their organised assault with inspired chaos, scattering themselves in all directions to minimize the casualties. The army tried gunning them down in moving trucks, but found they could not aim properly at their speedy foes.

A second campaign was mounted by Major Meredith on 13 November 1932, killing 40 emus. Two days later, barely any, but about a month later its was reported that 100 emus were being killed every week. The commanding officer found that it took 10 bullets to bring down every one emu, which was a pretty dismal effort. He was recalled the Great Emu War had finally come to an end.

Aftermath

Despite the problems encountered with the culling of the emus, the farmers once again requested military assistance in 1934, 1943, and 1948, only to be turned down by the Australian government. Instead, the bounty system that had been initiated in 1923 was continued, which proved to be effective as 57,034 bounties were claimed over a six-month period in 1934 alone.

https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/running-ponies/the-great-emu-war-in-which-some-large-flightless-birds-unwittingly-foiled-the-australian-army/

https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-great-emu-war

Environmental laws in india

Either Stable burning in various states accrued the air pollution in Delhi and created a gas chamber around NCR ; SC came upon a committee to observe scenario , Or 4 industries inflicting stream pollution were shut down by Maharashtra pollution board . Everybody has responsive to environmental problems as higher than . The key solution for resilience to environmental issues are provided by government in various legislations , enactments and provisions on environment laws .


In republic of India environmental law is concern with the policy and law for protection of the environment . It aims for achieving carbon free economy through taking measures for reducing climate change. All the acts under this laws are safeguards in ensuring effective management of the environment and its multiple ecosystems . It provides for preventing environmental damage .


Natural resources in the earth were unscathed from millions of years. It were remain pure until the industrialized started . After the industrialization this resources have been exploited in Spain of 100 years only . From 19th century, the environment (air , water and land ) is directly exploited by rapidly growing population at alarming-rates.


environment includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, microorganisms and property , as mentioned in section 2 of environmental protection Act of 1986 . Environment is a wide sphere , it consists of social, economically , political , religious dimensions .


Addressed area of environmental laws in India :

1. Quality of water : For the prevention and control of water pollution and to maintain or restore wholesomeness of water in the country the water act of 1974 was enacted. It further provides for the establishment of Boards ( CPCB and SPCB ) for the prevention and control of water pollution with a view to carry out the aforesaid purposes. This act prohibits the discharge of pollutants into water bodies beyond a given standard, it also lays down fine and penalties for non-compliance.

2. Reduction of air pollution and maintaining air quality : The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 (the “Air Act”) is an act to provide for the prevention , protection and abatement of air pollution .It provides for establishment of Boards at the Central and State levels with a view to carrying out the aforesaid purposes.

3. Hazardous Waste management : legislations that directly or indirectly deal with hazardous waste management are the Factories Act, 1948, the Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991, the National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995 and rules and notifications under the Environmental Act.

4. Containment cleanup, damage mitigation : preventing future damage to the environment is undeniably the primary objective of environmental law, mitigating and reducing existing damage is also important. This area most often deals with issues like toxic leaks and oil spills. The central objective of this branch of environmental law is deciding liability, planning an appropriate response, and also determining the best process of investigation and monitoring in the overall clean up process. This area also concerns itself with the study and assessment of risk in the long term, to better mitigate any future accidents and risks.

5. Sustainability of resources : United Nations has put great emphasis on ensuring the sustainability of resources. For this vision , it has advocated the formation of various legal principles and legislation. In this regards concept of environmental impact assessment introduced .

Noble legislations and enactments on environment law in India :


Laws on Forest and wild life protection:
• The Indian Forest Act, 1927 ; The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972; The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 ; The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986; The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010.


Laws on Water pollution :
• The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.


Laws on air pollution :
• The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 (the “Air Act”)


Laws on hazardous waste management :
• Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 ; Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 ; Batteries (Management & Handling) Rules, 2001 ; Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary) Rules, 2008 ; E – Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011 .
Laws on wetlands


Ramsar convention (1971) : This convention was initiated to push for greater conservation and sustainable use of wetlands ; Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017.
Constitutional provisions on environment laws


Part IVA (Art 51A-Fundamental Duties) of the constitution casts a duty on every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.


• the Constitution of India under Part IV (Art 48A-Directive Principles of State Policies) stipulates that the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.

environment makes human life possible, and our cultural environment helps define who we are. It is therefore essential that our population and economic growth are environmentally sustainable.

LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI

Honesty is the core value of Lal Bahadur Shastri. Everyone in India loved him the most. He was born on the 2nd of October in Varanasi.

His mother’s name was Ramdulhari, and his father’s name was Sharada Prasad Srivastava. His father was a school teacher and died of the plague. After his death of his father, his mother took care of him and his two sisters to her parent’s house.

Lal Bahadur Shastri got a sense of patriotism from one teacher named ‘Nishkameshwar Prasad Mishra. He was a very patriotic person and influenced his teacher. He went to prison when he was in the tenth standard. He completed his Bachelor’s in Philosophy and got the title of ‘Vidyapeeth.’

He showed a rare quality of courage and determination during his ministry. He gave a slogan named ‘Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan.’ After he died, he was awarded the ‘Bharat Ratna.’ Thus, a memorial ‘Vijay Ghat’ was built for him in New Delhi. He was known for his honesty and simplicity in India.

He joined the National Congress and went to jail for two and a half years. He participated in many events and movements.

He was very close to Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Jawahar Nehru. When he was studying his Degree, he delivered many speeches on Gandhi. He became one of the loyal followers of Gandhi.

After India got Independence, he became the Minister of Police and Transport in UP. He brought many changes during his ministry, like allowing women to work, using water jets to disperse crowds, etc.

He worked as the PM in India from the year 1964 to 1966. Lal Bahadur Shastri served as PM for a short period. He died at Tashkent when he was there for signing the peace treaty to stop the India-Pakistan war. His cause of death is still a mystery for the whole world.

Colonial Pipeline Attack

        On May 7, 2021, Colonial pipelines went through one of the biggest cyber attacks. The hackers broke into the computer system that eventually impacted the computerized equipment. The attack was a ransom ware attack, where the hackers named Darkside demanded a ransom of 75 bit coins ($4.4 million). Colonial pipelines accepted to pay the ransom money because that was the best option for the country.

Introduction:

      The largest pipeline system in the US for refined oil products is the colonial pipeline. The construction of the company began in 1962 and its headquarter is in Alpharetta, Georgia. On the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, an 8900km long pipeline terminates at the port of New York and New Jersey. Colonial pipeline delivers 10000000 gallons of gasoline, heating oil’s, refined petroleum oils, to businesses throughout the east and south coast. About 45% of the fuel consumed on the east coast is derived from colonial pipelines.

      Anyways colonial pipeline was under threat when a cyber-attack broke into the data of the company in 2021. On 29th April 2021, through a virtual private network (VPN) that the employees used to work remotely, the hackers got a hold of the password and the user name that helped them to access the information and data. It is only possible if the employee has used the same password to access another account that was hacked in the past.

Facts about the attack:

  • The cyber attack was made open to the public on the 8th of May, 2021, at 12:30 pm.
  • Colonial pipeline started to shut down their online system.
  • While the data and information were restoring, the gas supply was limited.
  • The Colonial pipeline involved the law and also took help from a third party during the recovery.
  • People panicked because of this attack which created a shortage of gas in the country.
  • The malicious attackers were named Darkside.
  • Colonial pipelines paid a ransom of 75 bit coins ($4.4 million)
  • Darkside lost access to information about the infrastructure and funds.
  • The data was restored on the 13th of May, 2021, and the system started running online again.

YOLO OBJECT DETECTION

YOLOv4: Optimal Speed and Accuracy of Object Detection

                                                       -MEETALI SONI

  1. Introduction

The majority of CNN-based object detectors are largely applicable only for recommendation systems. For example, searching for free parking spaces via urban video cameras is executed by slow accurate models, whereas car collision warning is related to fast inaccurate models. Improving the real-time object detection accuracy enables using them not only for hint generating recommendation systems but also for stand-alone process management and human input reduction. Real-time object detector operation on conventional Graphics Processing Units (GPU) allows their mass usage at an affordable price. The most accurate modern neural networks do not operate in real-time and require a large number of GPUs for training with a large mini-batchsize. We address such problems by creating a CNN that operates in real-time on a conventional GPU, and for which training requires only one conventional GPU.

Figure 1: Comparison of the proposed YOLOv4 and other state-of-the-art object detectors. YOLOv4 runs twice faster than efficient with comparable performance. Improves YOLOv3’s AP and FPS by 10% and 12%, respectively.

The main goal of this work is designing a fast-operating speed of an object detector in production systems and optimization for parallel computations, rather than the low computation volume theoretical indicator.

  • Related work
  • Object Detection Models

A modern detector is usually composed of two parts, a backbone which is pre-trained on ImageNet, and a head which is used to predict classes and bounding boxes of objects. For those detectors running on GPU platform, their backbone could be VGG [68], ResNet [26], ResNeXt [86], or DenseNet [30]. For those detectors running on the CPU platform, their backbone could be Squeeze Net [31], Mobile Net [28, 66, 27, 74], or Shuffle Net [97, 53].

Partsof Object Detector

  1. Input:Image, Patches, Image Pyramid
    1. Backbones:VGG16 [68], ResNet-50 [26], SpineNet [12], EfficientNet-B0/B7 [75], CSPResNeXt50 [81], CSPDarknet53 [81]
    1. Neck:
  2. Additional blocks:SPP [25], ASPP [5], RFB [47], SAM [85]
  3. Path-aggregation blocks:FPN [44], PAN [49], NAS-FPN [17], Fully-connected FPN, BiFPN [77], ASFF [48], SFAM [98]
    1. Heads:
  4. Dense Prediction (one-stage): RPN [64], SSD [50], YOLO [61], RetinaNet [45] (anchor based) ◦ CornerNet [37], CenterNet [13], MatrixNet [60], FCOS [78] (anchor free)
  5. Sparse Prediction (two-stage):Faster R-CNN [64], R-FCN [9], Mask RCNN [23] (anchor based) ◦ RepPoints [87] (anchor free)

Comparison of the proposed YOLOv4 and other state-of-the-art object detectors. The dashed line means only latency of model inference, while the solid line includes model inference and post-processing.

  • Bag of Freebies

Usually, a conventional object detector is trained offline. Therefore, researchers always like to take this advantage and develop better training methods that can make the object detector receive better accuracy without increasing the inference cost. We call these methods that only change the training strategy or only increase the training cost a “bag of freebies.”The purpose of data augmentation is to increase the variability of the input images so that the designed object detection model has higher robustness to the images obtained from different environments.

In dealing with the problem of semantic distribution bias, a very important issue is that there is a problem of data imbalance between different classes, and this problem is often solved by hard negative example mining [72] or online hard example mining [67] in two-stage object detector.

But the example mining method does not apply to a one-stage object detector, because this kind of detector belongs to the dense prediction architecture. Therefore Lin et al. [45] proposed focal loss to deal with the problem of data imbalance existing between various classes. Another very important issue is that it is difficult to express the relationship of the degree of association between different categories with the one-hot hard representation.

To make this issue processed better, some researchers recently proposed IoU loss [90], which puts the coverage of predicted BBox area and ground truth BBox area into consideration. The IoU loss computing process will trigger the calculation of the four coordinate points of the BBox by executing IoU with the ground truth and then connecting the generated results into a whole code. Because IoU is a scale-invariant representation. Recently, some researchers have continued to improve IoU loss.

  • Bag of Specials

For those plugin modules and post-processing methods that only increase the inference cost by a small amount but can significantly improve the accuracy of object detection, we call them “bag of specials”. Generally speaking, these plugin modules are for enhancing certain attributes in a model, such as enlarging receptive field, introducing attention mechanism, or strengthening feature integration capability, etc., and post-processing is a method for screening model prediction results.

Since multi-scale prediction methods such as FPN have become popular, many lightweight modules that integrate different feature pyramids have been proposed. The modules of this sort include SFAM [98], ASFF [48], and BiFPN [77]. The main idea of SFAM is to use the SE module to execute channel-wise level re-weighting on multi-scale concatenated feature maps.As for ASFF, it uses SoftMax as point-wise level reweighting and then adds feature maps of different scales. In BiFPN, the multi-input weighted residual connections are proposed to execute scale-wise level re-weighting, and then add feature maps of different scales.

Example of the Representation Chosen when Predicting Bounding Box Position and Shape Taken from YOLO9000: Better, Faster, Stronger

The post-processing method commonly used in deep learning-based object detection is NMS, which can be used. The DIoU NMS [99] developers’ way of thinking is to add the information of the center point distance to the BBox screening process based on soft NMS. It is worth mentioning that, since none of the above postprocessing methods directly refer to the captured image features, post-processing is no longer required in the subsequent development of an anchor-free method.

  • Advantages
  • It’s incredibly fast and can process 45 frames per second to 150 frames per second.
  • YOLO also understands generalized object representation.
  • The network can generalize the image better.
  • Disadvantages
  • Comparatively low recall and more localization error compared to Faster R_CNN.
  • Struggles to detect close objects because each grid can propose only 2 bounding boxes.
  • Struggles to detect small objects.
  • Conclusion

We offer a state-of-the-art detector that is faster (FPS) and more accurate (MS COCO AP50…95 and AP50) than all available alternative detectors. The detector described can be trained and used on a conventional GPU with 8-16 GB-VRAM this makes its broad use possible. The original concept of one-stage anchor-based detectors has proven its viability.

WHAT IS PHONETICS?

For the communication language is used in two ways speech and writing. A systematic study of the spoken and written. A systematic study of spoken and written forms of language is called linguistics. The branch of linguistics that deals with the spoken forms of the language is known as phonetics. It studies the production, transmission and reception of speech sounds. It deals with all possible sounds human vocal organs can produce.

Phonetics can be classified into three groups.

  1. Articulatory phonetics: It deals with the movements of the speech organs in the production of speech sounds. It studies how the outgoing air from the lungs is regulated along the vocal tract to make different speech sounds.
  2. Acoustic phonetics: The transmission of sound from the speaker to the listener is studied by acoustic analysis. Acoustic phonetics deals with the physical properties of speech sound like frequency and amplitude.
  3. Auditory phonetics: it deals with the reception and perception of speech sounds.

DARK WEB

BY: VAIBHAVI MENON

The dark web is the hidden collective of internet sites only accessible by a specialized web browser. It is used for keeping internet activity anonymous and private, which can be helpful in both legal and illegal applications. While some use it to evade government censorship, it has also been known to be utilized for highly illegal activity. The dark web refers to sites that are not indexed and only accessible via specialized web browsers. Significantly smaller than the tiny surface web, the dark web is considered a part of the deep web. Using our ocean and iceberg visual, the dark web would be the bottom tip of the submerged iceberg. The dark web, however, is a very concealed portion of the deep web that few will ever interact with or even see. In other words, the deep web covers everything under the surface that’s still accessible with the right software, including the dark web. It is not illegal to access the dark web. In fact, some uses are perfectly legal and support the value of the “dark web.” On the dark web, users can seek out three clear benefits from its use. User anonymity, Virtually untraceable services and site, Ability to take illegal actions for both users and providers As such, the dark web has attracted many parties who would otherwise be endangered by revealing their identities online. Abuse and persecution victims, whistleblowers, and political dissidents have been frequent users of these hidden sites. But of course, these benefits can be easily extended to those that want to act outside of the constraints of laws in other explicitly illegal ways.

When viewed through this lens, the dark web’s legality is based on how you as a user engage with it. You might fall to the wayside of legal lines for many reasons that are important for the protection of freedom. Others may act in ways that are illegal for the protection and safety of others. On the network end, the dark web is a bit more of a grey area. The use of the dark web usually means that you are attempting to engage in activity that you could not otherwise carry out in the public eye. For government critics and other outspoken advocates, they may fear backlash if their real identities were discovered. For those who have endured harm at the hands of others, they may not want their attackers to discover their conversations about the event. If an activity is deemed illegal by the governing bodies you fall under, then it would be illegal. That said, anonymity comes with a dark side since criminals and malicious hackers also prefer to operate in the shadows. For example, cyberattacks and trafficking are activities that the participants know will be incriminating. They take these actions to the dark web to hide for this reason. The Tor network makes it easier to hide your identity and allows people to anonymously create and host onion services. As a result, criminals often use the dark web to buy and sell illicit goods and services. Darknet marketplaces can be surprisingly similar to sites you find on the surface web—complete with limited-time sales, customer reviews and advertisements for organic products. However, criminals use these marketplaces to sell illegal products and services, including drugs, weapons and hacking software. Many identity thieves and hacking groups make money selling the information they steal on the dark web. The value of the information can vary greatly depending on what’s being sold.

While there’s no way to ensure all your information stays private, putting protective measures in place can help. Knowing if and when your information is compromised can also help you respond quickly—before too much damage is done. 

REPUBLIC DAY

A huge Republic Day procession begins early in the morning. Doordarshan broadcasts a running commentary on the programme. A large no of Army, Navy and Air Force personnel participate in this procession. Cadets of N.C.C., A.C.C. , Boy Scouts, Girl Guides also participate.

The country also exhibits its weaponry strength. The biggest attraction are the tableaux of various states and their cultures. Some departments also bring their own tableaux. The spectators cheer each and every activity happening at India Gate.

In the end, color balloons are released into the sky. Tricolor made by the aeroplanes is also a very memorable show. The whole environment is filled with patriotic zeal. Here we get a great opportunity to see the unity of India at one spot.

Not only in Delhi, Republic Day Celebrations take place in other parts of the country with same passion. In schools, especially, there is great atmosphere. There are activities – Cultural and Sports. There is also the Chief Guest of the Programme.

The activities include parade, P.T. exercises, speeches, songs, skits, fancy dress competition etc. The honorable speakers tell the students about Indian Freedom Struggle, role of Freedom fighters etc. They also urge them to work harder to serve the country in a better way.

So, Republic Day is a great Indian Festival. It creates feeling of patriotism among the people. It reminds us of the supreme sacrifices made by great freedom fighters. Republic Day also realizes us our responsibilities towards our country. It makes us feel proud to be Indian.

𝑯𝑬𝑨𝑳𝑻𝑯 𝑰𝑺 𝑬𝑽𝑬𝑹𝒀𝑻𝑯𝑰𝑵𝑮

“Health is not valued till sickness comes”

Health is “God’s gift to us”. Health refers to the physical and mental state of a human being. To stay healthy is not an option but a necessity to live a happy life. The basic laws of good health are related to the food we eat, the amount of physical exercise we do, our cleanliness, rest, and relaxation. A healthy person is normally more confident, self-assured, sociable, and energetic. A healthy person views things clearly, calmly, and without prejudice. 

Introduction :

We live in a super-fast age. The Internet has shrunk the world dramatically and people are connected 24×7. Multitasking is the order of the day, as we struggle to fulfill our responsibilities for everyone in life. In this fight, we often forget to spare time for ourselves. The stress levels continue to build up until one day a major collapse may make us realize that in all this hectic activity, we have forgotten to take care of one important thing – our health. As a we spend days shuttling between hospital and home, put our body through one test after another, trying to find out what has gone wrong, we are forced to remember that ‘Health is indeed Wealth’. 

In earlier days, life was very simple. People worked for a stipulated time, often walked everywhere, ate more homemade food, did household chores, and enjoyed a healthy balance in life. 

Now people have cars and bikes to commute, so they walk less. With the demand for more working hours, people are awake till late nights and indulge in more junk food than home-cooked food. Modern equipment at home has reduced the labour work and increased dependency on this equipment.  People don’t have enough time to exercise or even get enough sunlight. Basically, nowadays people are living very unhealthy lifestyles. 

Unhealthy living conditions have increased the contraction of people to various diseases like obesity, diabetes, heart attacks, hypertension, etc. This has alarming implications in our near future. So it is very important to focus on our health as much as we focus on our work. Moderation in food habits, daily exercise, and balanced work-life can surely make a big difference to our health and body. When a person stays mentally and physically fit, his action and decision are more practical and logical and hence he is more successful in life. Furthermore, good health has a direct impact on our personality. 


Importance of Good Health
:

A healthy body has all the major components that help in the proper functioning of the body. The essential component is the state of physical health. Your life term extends when you maintain good physical fitness. If you are committed to exercising with a sensible diet, then you can develop a sense of well-being and can even prevent yourself from chronic illness, disability, and premature death. Some of the benefits of increased physical activity are as follows.


Importance of Good Health
:

A healthy body has all the major components that help in the proper functioning of the body. The essential component is the state of physical health. Your life term extends when you maintain good physical fitness. If you are committed to exercising with a sensible diet, then you can develop a sense of well-being and can even prevent yourself from chronic illness, disability, and premature death. Some of the benefits of increased physical activity are as follows.

Conclusion:

Health is Wealth because if we are not healthy then all our wealth, fame and power can bring no enjoyment. Keeping fit and healthy is indeed not an option but a necessity

Why petrol price increasing in India?

Main reason behind petrol price hike, the Union minister of petroleum and natural gas Dharmendra Pradhan explanis…”There has been a jump in crude oil prices in the international market.One of the main reasons behind the rise in fuel prices in india is that we have to import 80% of the oil we consume”.The bonds, he says, is what the current government has to repay along with its interest, leading to and increase in petrol rates.

He had earlier said that it is up to the GST(Goods and Service Tax) Council to decide whether the fuel should be brought under the Goods and Services Tax, which, many believe, would substantially bring down the prices.

Currently, the central and state taxes make up for 60% of the retail selling price of petrol and over 54% of diesel. Centre levies ₹32.90 per litre of excise duty on petrol and 31.80 a litre on diesel.In view of this, Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led government is under increasing pressure to cut high taxes on fuel.

Why Animal Experiments Should Be Banned

Animal experimentation has been increasing at an immense rate. Each year, millions of animals are used to test the safety, effectiveness, and usability of various products like cosmetics, drugs, chemicals, etc. These animals often undergo genetic modification, are deprived of their natural habitats, and tortured all in the name of “Scientific experiments”. Hence, it is a cruel and unnecessary activity and therefore Animal Experiments should be banned.

In the name of ‘Science’ many animals are exploited, ill-treated and made to suffer immense bouts of pains during the experimental process. The animals are cut, burned, poisoned and given crippling diseases in order to test the effects of drugs or to measure the safety of products. For instance, in the Draize Test the substance or product being tested is placed in the eye of the animal and the animal is kept under observation for further damage reports. This experiment not only leaves the animal afflicted with pain and blindness but also proves to be an act full of cruelty. Moreover, the experimented animal is not allowed euthanasia to free it from its misery but caused to bear the pain a long time. Thus, animal experiment is highly cruel and painful and must be banned.

Secondly, there are many better alternatives that can replace animal testing and provide just as much accurate results. For instance, the development of a synthetic cellular tissue that closely resembles human skin. This has enabled researchers to test the potential damage of a product on the skin by using this artificial “skin” instead of testing it on animals. Computers have also been used as an alternative, to simulate and estimate the potential damage that a product or chemical can cause. In another alternative method, in vitro testing, cellular tests are done inside a test tube. All of these tests have been proven to be useful and reliable alternatives to testing products on live animals. Therefore, because effective means of product toxicity testing are available without the use of live animal specimens, testing potentially deadly substances on animals is unnecessary.

Although there are alternatives available and animal testing significantly proves to be painful, some people still argue that animal experimentation is valid because animals are lower than humans. They believe that animals don’t possess the intelligence or knowledge like humans and thus animal experiments are justifiable. However, this is a baseless justification. Medical research proves that even though animals are lower than humans in the evolutionary chart, animals possess many features that resemble humans. For e.g. many animals, especially those belonging to the mammalian class, possess many internal organs and structures that are identical humans. Therefore, animals’ lives should be respected because they have an inherent right to be treated with dignity. The harm that is committed against animals should not be minimized because they are not considered to be “human”.

In conclusion animal experimentation should be banned because it proves to be highly painful and unnecessary. There are plenty of alternatives that can be considered instead of animal testing. Animals have the rights to live freely and to be treated with compassion. Hence, animal exploitation in any form should be banned because it is the most inhumane act that one can do towards other living beings.