Day: June 29, 2022

MSME : Bulwark for Indian economy

Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises (MSME’s) are privately owned entities involved in production, manufacturing and processing of goods and commodities. It forms the core of Indian economy and has always acted as the bulwark for the Indian economy, providing it strength and resilience to tolerate global economic shocks and adversities. It requires less than ₹50 crore in investment in plant and machinery and has turnover below ₹250 crore. Thus, serving as a backbone of the Indian economy. The government of India has identified MSME’s as a top priority for achieving Atma Nirbhar Bharat.

Importance of MSMEs for Indian Economy :

• Employment: It is the second largest employment generating sector after agriculture. It provides employment to around 11.1 crore people or 45% of all the workers in India. It accounts for 99% of all the businesses.

• Contribution to GDP: With around 36.1 million units throughout the geographical expanse of the country, MSMEs contribute around 6.11% of the manufacturing GDP and 24.63% of the GDP from service activities. MSME ministry has set a target to up its contribution to GDP to 50% by 2025 as India becomes a $5 trillion economy.

• Exports: It contributes around 45% of the overall exports from India.

• Inclusive growth: MSMEs promote inclusive growth by providing employment opportunities in rural areas especially to people belonging to weaker sections of the society. For example: Khadi and Village industries require low per capita investment and employs a large number of women in rural areas.

• Financial inclusion: Small industries and retail businesses in tier-II and tier-III cities create opportunities for people to use banking services and products.

• Promote innovation: It provides opportunity for budding entrepreneurs to build creative products boosting business competition and fuels growth.

Issues and Challenges :

1. Access to credit :

• 90% of the MSMEs are dependent on informal sources for funding

• Lack of sufficient collateral and high working capital needs

2. Access to Markets :

• Low outreach and non availability of new markets.

• Lack of skilled manpower and ineffective marketing strategy.

• Difficult for MSMEs to sell products to government agencies.

• Competition from MNCs and other big industries

3. Technology Access :

• Limited human resources and weak financial standing.

• MSMEs, particularly in the unorganised sector, show lower adaptability of new technology and innovation.

4. Quality and Export Issues :

• Low quality products impact export competitiveness.

• Inadequate access to quality raw materials.

• Use of traditional machines causes low productivity

5. Ease of Doing Business :

• Cumbersome government procedures and rules for establishing new units.

• Bureaucratic delays in getting clearances.

• Poor litigation system in the country.

Steps to be taken to improve the condition of MSMEs :

• Launch of the 59 minute loan portal to enable easy access to credit for MSMEs.

• 2 percent interest subvention for all GST registered MSMEs, on fresh or incremental loans.

• Trade Receivables e-Discounting System (TReDS) to enable access to credit from banks, based on their upcoming trade receivables from corporate and other buyers.

• Union government announced to launch an e-commerce platform on the lines of “Amazon and Alibaba” to sell products from MSMEs and the Khadi and Village Industries Commission.

• Public sector companies now compulsorily procure 25%, instead of 20% of their total purchases, from MSMEs.

• More than 40,000 MSMEs registered on Government e-Marketplace (GeM) portal. It provides transparency in procurement and facilitates MSMEs to directly reach out to the buyers.

• 20 hubs and 100 spokes in the form of tool rooms will be established across the country. This will facilitate product design and easy access to latest technology to MSMEs.

• Financial assistance is provided for implementation of lean manufacturing techniques to enhance the manufacturing competitiveness of MSMEs.

• Financial support to MSMEs in ZED(Zero Defect Zero Effect) certification to improve quality of products.

• Government provides subsidy towards the expenditure incurred by enterprises to obtain the product certification licenses from national and international bodies.The return under 8 labour laws and 10 Union regulations must now be filed only once a year.

• Computerised random allotment for inspector visits to the establishment.

• Environmental Clearance under air pollution and water pollution laws, have been merged into one. Also, the return will be accepted through self-certification.

• For minor violations under the Companies Act, the entrepreneur will no longer have to approach the courts, but can correct them through simple procedures. This signifies simplification of government procedures and instilling confidence among entrepreneurs.

Government schemes to promote MSMEs :

• Udyami Mitra Portal : launched by SIDBI to improve accessibility of credit and handholding services to MSMEs.

• MSME Sambandh : To monitor the implementation of the public procurement from MSMEs by Central Public Sector Enterprises.

• MSME Samadhaan -MSME Delayed Payment Portal –– will empower Micro and Small entrepreneurs across the country to directly register their cases relating to delayed payments by Central Ministries/Departments/CPSEs/State Governments.

• Digital MSME Scheme : It involves usage of Cloud Computing where MSMEs use the internet to access common as well as tailor-made IT infrastructure

• Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme : It is a credit linked subsidy program under Ministry of MSME.

• Revamped Scheme of Fund for Regeneration Of Traditional Industries (SFURTI) : organizes traditional industries and artisans into clusters and make them competitive by enhancing their marketability & equipping them with improved skills.

• A Scheme for Promoting Innovation, Rural Industry & Entrepreneurship (ASPIRE) : creates new jobs & reduce unemployment, promotes entrepreneurship culture, facilitates innovative business solution etc.

• National Manufacturing Competitiveness Programme (NMCP) : to develop global competitiveness among Indian MSMEs by improving their processes, designs, technology and market access.

• Micro & Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme (MSE-CDP) – adopts cluster development approach for enhancing the productivity and competitiveness as well as capacity building of MSEs.

• Credit Linked Capital Subsidy Scheme (CLCSS) is operational for upgradation of technology for MSMEs.

Way Forward :

Today enterprises need to adopt best practises and follow international standards to go forward for offering innovative solutions. Focus should be on transfer of information and skill development to effectively use the transferred technology. There is an urgent need to upgrade infrastructure utilities (like water, power supply, road/rail) for any enterprise to run its operations successfully. Entrepreneurs need to develop quality conscious mindsets embedded in the organisational culture. Sensitisation and handholding of MSMEs at different and upgraded level of certification is the need of the hour. Policy makers and society at large need to recognize and support the central socio-economic role that MSMEs play in India.

Sources : The Hindu and Dristi IAS.

Anti-Defection Law

The anti-defection law punishes individual Members of Parliament (MPs)/MLAs for leaving one party for another. The anti-defection law was enacted to ensure that a party member does not violate the mandate of the party and in case he does so, he will lose his membership of the House. The law applies to both Parliament and state assemblies.It aims to prevent political defection brought about by the lure of the rewards or perks offered by the other parties. The Tenth Schedule or Anti-Defection law was added to the Constitution via the 52nd Amendment Act, 1985.

How did Anti-Defection Law comes into effect ?

• In Haryana, in 1967, an MLA named Gaya Lal changed his party thrice in a day, after which the phrase “Aaya Ram Gaya Ram” became popular in Indian politics.

• Due to frequent defections of elected and nominated party members, good governance became elusive and an insecure environment was created for the functioning of the state and central governments.

• It was realized that there was a need for an anti-defection law that would seek to prevent such political defections.

• Rajiv Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India(1984-1989), proposed a bill to remove the evils of defection.

• The 10th Schedule of the Indian Constitution popularly referred to as the ‘Anti-Defection Law’ was inserted by the 52nd Amendment of the Indian Constitution in 1985.

Grounds for disqualification:

A member can be disqualified if :

1. A member of a house belonging to a political party:
• Voluntarily gives up the membership of his political party, or
• Votes, or does not vote in the legislature, contrary to the directions of his political party (Whip). However, if the member has taken prior permission, or is condoned by the party within 15 days from such voting or abstention, the member shall not be disqualified.

2. An independent candidate joins a political party after the election.

3.A nominated member joins a party six months after he becomes a member of the legislature.

Power To Disqualify :

• The decision on disqualification questions on the ground of defection is referred to the Speaker or the Chairman of the House, whose decision is final, which can be subjected to Judicial review.

• If a complaint is received regarding the defection of the Chairman or the Speaker, a member of the House who must be elected within the House, shall take the decision.

• All proceedings in relation to disqualification under this Schedule are considered to be proceedings in Parliament or the Legislature of a state as is the case.

• The law does not provide a timeframe within which the presiding officer has to decide a defection case.

Advantages :

• It prevents the menace of political party members from shifting their allegiances.

• It ensures party loyalty among the elected members.

• It provides for a stable and secure Government at both national and state levels.

• It make members of parliaments more responsible and loyal to the parties with whom they were aligned at the time of their election.

• It strengthen democracy by bringing stability to politics.

• It strengthen democracy by bringing stability to politics, ensuring legislative programs of the Government are not jeopardized by a defecting parliamentarian.

Disadvantages :

• Undermining Representative & Parliamentary Democracy: After enactment of the Anti-defection law, the MP or MLA has to follow the party’s direction blindly and has no freedom to vote their judgment.

• Controversial Role of Speaker: In many instances, the Speaker (usually from the ruling party) has delayed deciding on the disqualification.

• No Recognition of Split: Due to the 91st amendment, the anti-defection law created an exception for anti-defection rulings.However, the amendment does not recognise a ‘split’ in a legislature party and instead recognises a ‘merger’.

• Subversion of Electoral Mandates: Defection is the subversion of electoral mandates by legislators who get elected on the ticket of one party but then find it convenient to shift to another, due to the lure of ministerial berths or financial gains.

• Affects the Normal Functioning of Government: The infamous “Aaya Ram, Gaya Ram” slogan was coined against the background of continuous defections by the legislators in the 1960s. The defection leads to instability in the government and affects the administration.

• Promote Horse-Trading: Defection also promotes horse-trading of legislators which clearly go against the mandate of a democratic setup.

Sources : The Hindu , Drishti IAS and Prepp

Population Ecology

Photo by Skitterphoto on Pexels.com

Population: A group of individuals of a given species that live in a specific geographic area at a given time is known as population. Population include individuals of same species but may have different genetic makeup such as hair, eyes or skin color and size between themselves and other population.

The term “population ecology” is often interchangeably used with the term such as population biology or population dynamics. Population ecology is important in conservation biology especially in the development of population viability analysis. The human population is growing at a logistic rate and has been affecting the population of other species in return. Population ecology is the study of how the population sizes of a species change over time and space.

Control Methods of Population:

  • Population control may involve culling, translocation and manipulation of the reproductive capability.
    • Culling: It is the process of segregating organism from a group according to desired or undesired characteristics.
    • Translocation: It is a type of chromosomal abnormality.
    • Manipulation: skillful handling, controlling or using something or someone.
  • The growth of a population maybe limited by environmental factors such as food supply or predation.
  • The main biotic factors that affect population growth include-
    • Food: Both the quantity and quality of food are important. For example; snails can’t reproduce successfully in an environment low in calcium, no matter how much food there is because they need calcium for their growth.
    • Predator: As the prey population becomes larger it becomes easier for the predators to find prey. If the number of predators suddenly, falls, the prey species might rise.
    • Competitor: The organisms may require the same resources from the environment and reduce the growth of population. Competition for territory and for mates can drastically reduce the growth of individual organisms.
    • Parasites: These may cause disease and slow down the growth and reproduction rate of organisms within a population.
  • Important a biotic factors affecting growth are:
    • Temperature: Higher temperature speed up enzyme catalyzed reactions and increase growth.
    • Oxygen availability: It affects the rate of energy production by respiration.
    • Light availability: For photosynthesis light may also control breeding cycles in animals and plants.
    • Toxins and pollutants: Tissues growth can be reduced by the presence of pollutant like sulphur dioxide (SO2) and toxins like oestrogen.

Methods of Population Planning:

  • Higher taxation of parents who have too many children.
  • Abstinence: The practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something.
  • Reducing infant mortality so that parents do not need to have many children to ensure at least some would survive to adulthood.
  • Sterilization
  • Abortion
  • One child or two child policies
  • Family planning
  • Create small family role models
  • Migration from rural areas to urban areas
  • Emigration
  • Family planning: It is used to ensure that a women gets a child when she actually wants it. It reduces accidental pregnancies and ensures an controlled family size.
  • Raising level of education: Education, particularly that of woman, is very important in population control. It changes cultural beliefs and attitudes. It makes people liberal in approach.

Urbanization: Causes and effects

Photo by Quintin Gellar on Pexels.com

Urbanization is an increase in the number of people living in towns and cities. It occurs mainly because people from rural areas move to urban areas. It can also be explained as the expansion of a city or metropolitan area.

Causes of urbanization

  • Rural to urban migration of happening on a massive scale due to population pressure and lack of resources in the rural areas.
  • People living in rural areas are pulled to the city because they believe that standard of living in urban areas are much better than rural areas.
  • Natural increase of population is caused by a decrease in death rate while birth rate remains high.

Effects of urbanization

A range of economic, political, social, cultural, environmental factors affect urbanization.It is encouraged socially and culturally through social media.

  • Socio- cultural impacts:
    • Cities have a strong socio- cultural impact on their surrounding rural areas.
    • The mass media depicts city life as superior to rural life.
    • The fertility rates in cities is often lower than rural areas due to absence of agriculture, cost of children, food and living space of cities and family planning.
  • Socio- economic impacts:
    • As the city grows, the cost of housing and infrastructure also grows and there will be less water, land and building materials available and causes congestion problems.
    • Unemployment grows and drug abuse, crime rates and homelessness also grows.
  • Environmental issues:
    • Wastes are a major problem in large cities.
    • Air pollution results from over dependence on motorized transport systems and from burning of coal to supply energy.
    • Water pollution results from poor sewage facilities and disposal of industrial heavy metals into water bodies.
    • Vast quantities is solid wastes are produced in the industries and pollute the environment.
    • Traffic congestion and noise pollution are major environmental impacts of large cities.

Benefits of urbanization

  • Moderate urbanization helps in improvement of economy.
  • It helps in the growth of commercial activities.
  • There is a socio- cultural integration as a result of urbanization.
  • There is an efficient use of resources.
  • There is an increase in the supply of labour.

The problem of this rapid urbanization is faced by the whole world. The greatest challenge is to minimize the negative aspects of urbanization and build the benefits of urbanization. For this, more opportunities should be created in the rural areas for people to take up. The rural infrastructure also needs to be taken into consideration in order to keep urbanization in check.

Photography 101: Equipment

Photos are memories that you can visit every time you look at them. It could be on your phone, in a frame, or on your camera itself. With the advance in technology, we are able to take photos in mobiles at par with traditional DSLRs. The technology doesn’t stop evolving and it is amazing to see the quality of photos improve over time. But you want to take photos better, better composition and with a better angle. So what kind of equipment can enhance your photography to the next level?

1: A Camera

Of course, you cannot buy camera gear if you don’t have a camera. You don’t need to invest heavily into the camera but don’t cheap out on it either. Instead, buy a decent camera that you can use without worrying about the price. A camera is great around the house with family or with friends when out on a trip. It captures various memories for you to relish after your trips. It is an investment for your hobby. Of course, don’t buy a camera that is too advanced because it will be expensive as well as very hard to handle.

Click here to check out Beginner Cameras! 

2:  Tripod

Now a tripod is an investment. You need a sturdy tripod to shoot clear and sharp pictures. It also helps you with taking photos of places if you can’t hold it steady. If you want to improve your photography level, a tripod helps a lot. If you want to shoot a cinematic scene or take a long time lapse of sunrise/sunset/full moon nights or any shot that requires a long time for the camera to be held steady, a tripod enhances the stillness. There are many tripods in the market and Amazon also became one of the tripod sellers with their own brand.

Different Tripod sizes

3:  Memory Cards

Buying a memory card is essential for a DSLR camera. The camera uses the memory card to load photos onto. This memory card holds your memories until you pass it onto your computer. It is the delivery guy for your treasure. Due to its petite size, hold it carefully and store it with caution. You get memory card boxes for a few bucks that hold them carefully for you to transfer.

Now you know your way around your camera. You can switch from different modes and know when to change your ISO, shutter speed and also your aperture. You take beautiful shots and amazing photos but you want to improve your video shots and take them with more precision and cinematically. 

4: Lens

You keep taking photos but you don’t feel the spark or the connection you had with your shots, you have reached the end with your current lens. No matter how many shots you can take with your kit lens ( The lens that comes with the camera), there’s only so much you can do. It’s time to take a new lens to explore more with your camera. Your lens has more to do with the shots you want to take than with which lens you have to purchase. As a beginner, it’s always appreciated to ask your mentor or a friend who has been in photography a long time for advice on new lenses.

 Check this page out for more information on lenses

5: Basic Accessories

Now, you have all the equipment but if you don’t have the basic accessories, then how do you move the equipment from your home to the different places? Checklist these all items with the above ones so you don’t damage your equipment and carry them safely without any worries.

  • Camera Bag: You can purchase the camera bag while purchasing your camera and it’s pretty standard. You can carry your camera with your kit lens and it’s a nice place to hold your memory cards too.
  • Lens Cleaner: A lens cleaner is an absolute necessity if you are carrying around multiple lenses. It includes a lens cleaning liquid, a microfiber cloth and a small brush. Clean the dust with the brush, then apply the liquid and finish it up with the microfiber cloth
  • Sensor Cleaner: A sensor cleaner is also needed because you will be changing lenses on the camera when you are out and about. If the sensor has dust on, use the sensor cleaner to clean it and get it ready for the next shot.

Congratulations! You have the basic camera gear and the necessary skills to improve your Photography and Videography game! Remember, you don’t become the best instantly. Keep taking photos, keep taking shots, they may not always work but you will improve over time. Take your time, and don’t stop clicking!

Photography 101: Equipment

Photos are memories that you can visit every time you look at them. It could be on your phone, in a frame, or on your camera itself. With the advance in technology, we are able to take photos in mobiles at par with traditional DSLRs. The technology doesn’t stop evolving and it is amazing to see the quality of photos improve over time. But you want to take photos better, better composition and with a better angle. So what kind of equipment can enhance your photography to the next level?

1: A Camera

Of course, you cannot buy camera gear if you don’t have a camera. You don’t need to invest heavily into the camera but don’t cheap out on it either. Instead, buy a decent camera that you can use without worrying about the price. A camera is great around the house with family or with friends when out on a trip. It captures various memories for you to relish after your trips. It is an investment for your hobby. Of course, don’t buy a camera that is too advanced because it will be expensive as well as very hard to handle.

Click here to check out Beginner Cameras! 

2:  Tripod

Now a tripod is an investment. You need a sturdy tripod to shoot clear and sharp pictures. It also helps you with taking photos of places if you can’t hold it steady. If you want to improve your photography level, a tripod helps a lot. If you want to shoot a cinematic scene or take a long time lapse of sunrise/sunset/full moon nights or any shot that requires a long time for the camera to be held steady, a tripod enhances the stillness. There are many tripods in the market and Amazon also became one of the tripod sellers with their own brand.

Different Tripod sizes

3:  Memory Cards

Buying a memory card is essential for a DSLR camera. The camera uses the memory card to load photos onto. This memory card holds your memories until you pass it onto your computer. It is the delivery guy for your treasure. Due to its petite size, hold it carefully and store it with caution. You get memory card boxes for a few bucks that hold them carefully for you to transfer.

Now you know your way around your camera. You can switch from different modes and know when to change your ISO, shutter speed and also your aperture. You take beautiful shots and amazing photos but you want to improve your video shots and take them with more precision and cinematically. 

4: Lens

You keep taking photos but you don’t feel the spark or the connection you had with your shots, you have reached the end with your current lens. No matter how many shots you can take with your kit lens ( The lens that comes with the camera), there’s only so much you can do. It’s time to take a new lens to explore more with your camera. Your lens has more to do with the shots you want to take than with which lens you have to purchase. As a beginner, it’s always appreciated to ask your mentor or a friend who has been in photography a long time for advice on new lenses.

 Check this page out for more information on lenses

5: Basic Accessories

Now, you have all the equipment but if you don’t have the basic accessories, then how do you move the equipment from your home to the different places? Checklist these all items with the above ones so you don’t damage your equipment and carry them safely without any worries.

  • Camera Bag: You can purchase the camera bag while purchasing your camera and it’s pretty standard. You can carry your camera with your kit lens and it’s a nice place to hold your memory cards too.
  • Lens Cleaner: A lens cleaner is an absolute necessity if you are carrying around multiple lenses. It includes a lens cleaning liquid, a microfiber cloth and a small brush. Clean the dust with the brush, then apply the liquid and finish it up with the microfiber cloth
  • Sensor Cleaner: A sensor cleaner is also needed because you will be changing lenses on the camera when you are out and about. If the sensor has dust on, use the sensor cleaner to clean it and get it ready for the next shot.

Congratulations! You have the basic camera gear and the necessary skills to improve your Photography and Videography game! Remember, you don’t become the best instantly. Keep taking photos, keep taking shots, they may not always work but you will improve over time. Take your time, and don’t stop clicking!

How to be emotionally strong and independent

Hello friends, today we are going to tell you about How to be emotionally strong and independent. If you want to be mentally strong then this information is going to be very useful for you.

Recently people become mentally weak due to many different reasons and they get to see many bad consequences of this, in such a situation everyone wants that they remain mentally fit and for this people also make many different efforts. We are going to tell you a very special and useful way in this article about How to be emotionally strong and independent, by which you can become mentally strong in a very short time.

How to be emotionally strong and independent


how to be emotionally strong and independent



If you want to become mentally strong, then for this you have to work very hard and you have to adopt the right method, only then you can stay mentally fit, there are many different ways that you can adopt, we will give you that Will tell all the ways which can make you emotionally strong in a short time, for this you can adopt these methods.

Never feel weak

Often a person’s mental weakness starts from there when he starts to consider himself weak, if you want to become mentally strong then you have to practice it yourself and if you consider yourself weak then from today Stop thinking that you are weak, rather think that you are physically and mentally fitter than many people.

Often people come under such negative feelings in their mind, they come under their emotions and even after everything is right, they see a lot of flaws in themselves, sometimes it is related to feelings only, so in this situation, you have to take care of yourself. It is very important to change your thinking and sometimes you make a mistake, then think that every person makes a mistake and in return for that mistake, you will see everyone doing a lot less.

Always be happy

You should be happy in every situation, often there are many good and hard situations in a person’s life, due to which there are changes like the person etc. If you learn to be happy, then it directly affects your mental state and you start getting mentally fit due to being happy, so, first of all, you have to make a habit of being happy always, if there is any problem then this is Think that that problem is not forever and very soon that problem will also go away, in this way you will be able to keep yourself happy.

Be prepared for a bad situation

Often many people have this flaw that they are always preparing for a good situation, while they never think about the bad situation, but if you are doing any work etc. then you have to give yourself both good and bad situation. It should be prepared so that whenever the result is contrary to your thinking and you get to see its bad results, you can always be ready for it and you do not have to be mentally disturbed because of it.

Learn to change according to the situation

Recently, you get to see a lot of changes happening in everything and a lot changes with time, in such a situation, it is very important to make changes over time to stay mentally fit, if you change your behaviour with time. And if you bring a change in thinking, then it will make you feel very good mentally and with time, you also remain mentally fit, so you need to make changes time.

Overcome your fear

Many times a person becomes very weak mentally due to the fear of his mind and if you have any kind of fear etc. After that, you will feel very active and your stress will also go away from it, along with removing the fear inside you, you get to see many benefits and you will start feeling very fit and good mentally as well.

Become independent

As long as you are on the support of others, you will never be able to keep yourself mentally fit and for this, you will have to learn to depend on yourself and the more self-reliant you are, the better person you will become mentally, often many people Like to be self-reliant to keep himself mentally fit and strong.

You can take any decision by yourself by becoming self-reliant and can think about it, along with this you can live your life according to your rules, due to this you will start feeling very good and strong mentally.

Keep learning something

A person should never stop the process of learning in his life and it is very important to always keep learning something new for those who want to be mentally strong.

It is important that the more you learn, the better it will prove to be for you and you can achieve the same great success in your life, if you get to learn anything good from anywhere, then always keep your focus on learning that thing. And whatever you learn can prove to be very useful in your life.

Forget the old

Often the past a person has gone through many different incidents, many times a person gets into a lot of stress about old things in his life even if he does not want to, and due to this you can become very weak mentally and you may become mentally weak. To be strong, it is very important to forget the old things, if you keep on forgetting the old things, then only you can stay mentally fit, and if you keep getting lost in the old things, then you will never be able to be happy in your life. Nor will you be able to become mentally strong.

Conclusion – In this article, we have given you information about How to be emotionally strong and independent, we hope that you have found the information given by us useful, if you like the information, then do share it on social media and want to ask any kind of question-related to it. So you can tell us through comments etc.

Team India will travel to New Zealand after the T20 World Championship

The Indian cricket team will tour New Zealand for a series of three T20s and as many ODIs. This was announced by New Zealand Cricket (NZC) on Tuesday. The series will be organized this year from November 18th to 30th. After that, the New Zealand team will come to India in January next year for the limited overs series. NZC said: “India will travel to New Zealand after the World Cup is over to play three T20Is in Wellington, Tauranga and Napier and three ODIs in Auckland against the Blackcaps (the popular name for New Zealand’s men’s cricket team).” The Blackcaps will then touring the subcontinent for a tour of Pakistan and a short series in India, then returning home in early February to tour England in Tauranga (Day Night) and Wellington. Prepares for two tests. India will play the fifth Test against England from Friday, which is the remainder of the five-game Test series due to take place last year. After that there will be a series of three T20 and as many ODI matches between the two teams. The Indian team will then tour the West Indies in July-August for a series of three ODIs and five T20Is that will take place ahead of the T20 World Championship. New Zealand will also play a day-night Test against England amid a hectic international schedule while six teams are set to tour the country in the 2022-23 domestic season. In addition to India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, England and Sri Lanka, the Bangladesh men’s and women’s teams will travel to New Zealand. The New Zealand women’s team will tour the West Indies after participating in the Birmingham Commonwealth Games and will host Bangladesh in a series of T20 and ODI matches on their return. After that, the team will play at the T20 World Cup in South Africa in January.

How to become a graphic designer in India ?

Hello friends, today we are telling you about How to become a graphic designer, if you want to become a graphic designer, then what will you have to do for this and what are the things you have to do in this article, we will tell you about all this. You can become a graphic designer very easily and fulfil your dream.

Recently, if you want to make a better career, then the field of a graphic design can be very useful for you because the scope in this field is increasing every day, due to which we can expect great employment in it and if you want to become a graphic designer then For this, it is very important for you to have information about How to become a graphic designer, for information about it, you should read our article carefully.

How to become a graphic designer ?

How to become a graphic designer



If you have to do something new in the world of creativity and you are interested in work related to graphics, then the work of a graphic designer can prove to be very good for you and to become a graphic designer, you need to know some essential information about it. It is an art and with the help of Creativity and Software Tools, any type of design is prepared.

In today’s time, there is a need for graphic designers in every field and from the company’s logo to make their banners and posters etc., the work is also done by them and there are many different ways to earn money in this work. By adopting a graphic designer, one can earn up to lakhs of rupees.


Qualifications to become a Graphic Designer


If you want to become a Graphic Designer, then for this you must have at least passed out from any recognized school, only then you can become a Graphic Designer.

Courses to become a Graphic Designer


To become a Graphic Designer, you need to do this course after graduation and for this, there are many different types of courses that you can do and after doing these courses you can become a Graphic Designer.

  • B.Sc in multimedia
  • Certificate in 3D animation
  • advertising and visual communication
  • Applied Arts and Digital Arts
  • Graduate Diploma in Design
  • Diploma in Graphic Designing
  • Post Graduate Diploma in Design
  • Bachelor in Fine Arts
  • visual communication design

All these courses are related to graphic designing, you can do any of these courses as per your choice and when your course is completed, after that you can make a career as a graphic designer.

graphic designer course fees


Often many people want to know how much fee we have to pay to become a graphic designer, then for this, there may be different fees in all colleges or institutes, in this course the fee can be from 25 thousand rupees to 1 lakh rupees. You can get the correct information about fees only after contacting the respective college and according to which course you choose, the fees may be different.

Post Graphic Designer Jobs


If you want to become a graphic designer, then you need to know that if you become a graphic designer, then from which field you can earn money in it, we are talking to you about some ways by which you will be able to earn money.

  1. You can work as a graphic designer for a newspaper company and can get a job in this post.
  2. You can create a visual brand for any small, big company or organization etc.
  3. You can easily get a job in an advertising agency.
  4. You can also make a career in digital filmmaking.
  5. You can easily get a job in any book publishing house.
  6. You can get a job in the field related to the packing of products etc.
  7. You can start your graphic design work.
  8. You can provide online graphic designing services.
  9. You can get opportunities to get employment in the following different sectors, depending on your working experience and your talent, how big a company you can get a job for.

Other ways to become a Graphic Designer


If you want to become a graphic designer and you are not able to do its course, then you also have some other options which you can adopt and you can follow these methods for fulfilling your dream of becoming a graphic designer.

Online class – Recently you will get many types of online classes which make you do this course and the fees of online classes are also very less if you can join an online class then you can prepare for it by taking an online class.

Through YouTube – If you do not want to spend money, then you can take the help of youtube, in this you get many tutorials related to graphics, by which you can learn the work of graphic designer

And you can become a graphic designer.

Apart from doing this course to become a graphic designer, there are two ways by which you can do this course and become a graphic designer.

college for graphic designing


If you want to do the course of Graphic Designer and want the best college for it, then we are talking about the best college in India which is as follows

  • IIT, Guwahati
  • IIT, Mumbai
  • Arch College of Design, Jaipur
  • International Institute of Fine Arts, Modinagar
  • Arena Animation, Bangalore
  • National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad
  • Pearl Academy, Delhi
  • Maya Academy, Pune
  • Symbiosis Institute of Design, Pune

This is the best college in all of India and you have to give an entrance exam to take admission in it, if you clear it then after that you can get admission in these colleges and you can do your course from here.

Salary after becoming a Graphic Designer


Often every person wants to know how much salary can be given to him after becoming a graphic designer, then let us tell you that in this you can be given a salary ranging from Rs 15,000 to Rs 50,000, how much salary you will get, it depends on your work. It depends on the above, if you do your own business or provide online service, then you can earn more from it.

Conclusion – In this article, we have given you information about how to become a graphic designer , we hope that you have found the information given by us useful, if you like the information, then do share it with your friends and ask any kind of question-related to it. If you want, you can also tell us through a comment.

Team India will travel to New Zealand after the T20 World Championship

The Indian cricket team will tour New Zealand for a series of three T20s and as many ODIs. This was announced by New Zealand Cricket (NZC) on Tuesday. The series will be organized this year from November 18th to 30th. After that, the New Zealand team will come to India in January next year for the limited overs series. NZC said: “India will travel to New Zealand after the World Cup is over to play three T20Is in Wellington, Tauranga and Napier and three ODIs in Auckland against the Blackcaps (the popular name for New Zealand’s men’s cricket team).” The Blackcaps will then touring the subcontinent for a tour of Pakistan and a short series in India, then returning home in early February to tour England in Tauranga (Day Night) and Wellington. Prepares for two tests. India will play the fifth Test against England from Friday, which is the remainder of the five-game Test series due to take place last year. After that there will be a series of three T20 and as many ODI matches between the two teams. The Indian team will then tour the West Indies in July-August for a series of three ODIs and five T20Is that will take place ahead of the T20 World Championship. New Zealand will also play a day-night Test against England amid a hectic international schedule while six teams are set to tour the country in the 2022-23 domestic season. In addition to India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, England and Sri Lanka, the Bangladesh men’s and women’s teams will travel to New Zealand. The New Zealand women’s team will tour the West Indies after participating in the Birmingham Commonwealth Games and will host Bangladesh in a series of T20 and ODI matches on their return. After that, the team will play at the T20 World Cup in South Africa in January.

The Beginning of the Era of Akash at Reliance Geo

The country’s wealthiest industrialist and largest industrial group, Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh Ambani has begun to hand over responsibility for the company to the next generation of the family. First of all, Mukesh Ambani has handed over the responsibility of Telecom Sector business to Big Son Sky Ambani. Mukesh Ambani has stepped down from chairman of Reliance Group, Reliance Geo Infocam (RJIL), which was formed for the telecom business, and has been appointed as the new chairman. The proposal was approved at the company’s board meeting on Monday.Previously, there were non-executive directors on the board of the Sky company.According to the information obtained by SEBI, the chairman of Mukesh Ambani has accepted the resignation of the board and will remain chairman of Geo Platforms Limited.Geo Platforms Limited is a reference company for all digital services.Mukesh Group remains Chairman and Managing Director of Reliance Industries Limited.While another major change is being made, Reliance Geo Infocam Limited has appointed Pankaj Pawar Managing Director (MD) of the company for the next five years.Additional directors Raminder Singh Gujral and KV Chaudhary will now become independent directors.His appointment is also for five years.Infinite interest in the traditional energy sector: Little son is infinitely Ambani assumed that his interest is more in the field of renewable and traditional energies.The Infinite Reliance Group works as a director and SE in the field of energy.Recently, Reliance Group has announced many ambitious plans in the field of renewable energy.

The Beginning of the Era of Akash at Reliance Geo

The country’s wealthiest industrialist and largest industrial group, Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh Ambani has begun to hand over responsibility for the company to the next generation of the family. First of all, Mukesh Ambani has handed over the responsibility of Telecom Sector business to Big Son Sky Ambani. Mukesh Ambani has stepped down from chairman of Reliance Group, Reliance Geo Infocam (RJIL), which was formed for the telecom business, and has been appointed as the new chairman. The proposal was approved at the company’s board meeting on Monday.Previously, there were non-executive directors on the board of the Sky company.According to the information obtained by SEBI, the chairman of Mukesh Ambani has accepted the resignation of the board and will remain chairman of Geo Platforms Limited.Geo Platforms Limited is a reference company for all digital services.Mukesh Group remains Chairman and Managing Director of Reliance Industries Limited.While another major change is being made, Reliance Geo Infocam Limited has appointed Pankaj Pawar Managing Director (MD) of the company for the next five years.Additional directors Raminder Singh Gujral and KV Chaudhary will now become independent directors.His appointment is also for five years.Infinite interest in the traditional energy sector: Little son is infinitely Ambani assumed that his interest is more in the field of renewable and traditional energies.The Infinite Reliance Group works as a director and SE in the field of energy.Recently, Reliance Group has announced many ambitious plans in the field of renewable energy.

Child Labour in India.

Credit- India News

Child labor is the deprivation of children’s childhood, affecting their ability to attend regular school and exploiting them through all forms of work that are mentally, physically, socially and morally harmful.

After gaining independence from colonial rule, India enacted many constitutional protections and child labor laws. The Constitution of India in the principles of basic rights and public policy prohibits child labor under the age of 14 in factories, mines, castles or other dangerous occupations (Article 24). The Constitution also stipulated that by 1960 India would provide all children aged 6 to 14 with the infrastructure and resources for compulsory free of charge education . (Articles 21-A and 45).
In 2011, the Indian Census found that of the 259.64 million children in this age group, the total number of child laborers [ages 5-14] was 10.1 million. The problem of child labor is not unique to India. Approximately 217 million children work worldwide, many of whom work full-time.

Credit-ipleaders

In India child labour is defined as the involvement of children under the age of 17 in economically productive activities, with or without compensation and wages . Such participation can be physical, mental, or both. This work includes part-time or unpaid work on farms, family businesses, or other economic activities such as cultivation or milk production for sale or personal consumption. The Government of India divides child labor into two groups. The main workers are those who work more than 6 months a year. And marginal child laborers are workers who work all year round, but less than six months a year. In 1979, the Government of India established the Gurupadswamy Commission to learn about child labor and how to fight it. The Child Labor Probation and Regulation Act was enacted in 1986 on the recommendation of the Commission. A national child labor policy was developed in 1987 focusing on the rehabilitation of children working in dangerous professions. Since 1988, the Ministry of Labor and Employment has established approximately 100 industry-specific national child labor projects to rehabilitate child laborers.

Credit- Track4Trainings

The Government of India has enacted numerous laws, organizations and institutions to combat the issue of child labor. Some initiatives include child labor bans and regulations, laws prohibiting the employment of children in certain occupation and regulating the working conditions of children. The National Child Labor Policy attempts to take a sequential approach with a primary focus on the rehabilitation of children working in dangerous professions and processes of works. The Ministry of Labor and Employment is responsible for providing and supervising a range of child labor policies in India. In addition, as Osment reported, NGOs such as Care India, Child Rights and You, and Global March Against Child Labor were implemented to tackle child labor through access to education and resources. However, these efforts were of little success.

Non-governmental organisations:
Bachpan Bachao Andolan, Child Rights and You, ChildFund, CARE India, GoodWeave India,Talaash Association, Global March for Child Labor, and many other NGOs are campaigning to eliminate child labor in India. increase.