The Cholas were incredible builders. They continued and developed the art tradition of the Pallavas and Pandyas, whom they succeeded in building long-lasting stone temples and exquisite bronze sculptures. Under the Cholas, temple architecture, particularly the Dravida or south Indian style of temple building, reached its pinnacle of glory. During the Cholas’ nearly four-century rule, the entire Tamil country was studded with temples, and Chola art traditions were adopted and followed in Sri Lanka and other parts of South India.
Chola Architecture’s main characteristics included:
The gopuram or the gateway.
The garbhagriha or the main shrine.
The mandapa or the audience hall.
The vimanas or the towers above the main shrine.
The spacious courtyards.
The Chola temples were notable for their massive towers, known as vimanas. The vimana or tower in the Brihadeswara or Rajarajesvara temple, built by Rajaraja I and dedicated to Lord Shiva, is approximately 57 metres high and consists of thirteen successive storeys. It is crowned by a single block of granite that stands 7.5 metres tall and weighs approximately 80 tonnes. Similarly, Rajendra I built a magnificent temple in his new capital. Cholapuram, Gangaikonda. Other temples built during this time period include Rajaraja Chola II’s Airavateswara Temple at Darasuram near Thanjavur and Kulothunga Chola III’s Kampaharesvara Temple at Tribhuvanam near Kumbakonam.During this time, the Chola temples were the hub of social activity. The temple received numerous generous donations. These temples also created a lot of job opportunities by hiring people to help with the day-to-day operations of these places. The temple authorities also pursued many welfare activities, such as temples serving as schools.
Nataraja Temple
Source – freepik.com
The Cholas also promoted plastic art; the metal and stone images cast during the period are exquisitely executed and exude vigour, dignity, and grace. The famous Nataraja or Dancing Shiva image at Chidambaram’s great temple is a masterpiece of Chola sculpture. Many of these images were also cast in bronze. The Chola period’s “cultural epitome” has been described as this Nataraja.
The Cholas were also fans of painting. Of all the Chola paintings, the most important are those in the pradakshina passage of the Rajarajesvara Temple. Chola wall paintings, also known as frescoes, can be found on the walls of the Vijayalaya Cholesvara Temple. Large painted figures of Mahakala, Devi, and Shiva adorn it. Scenes depicting Lord Shiva in his abode of Kailash as Nataraja and tripurantaka are painted on the walls of the Rajarajesvara Temple in large and forceful compositions.
International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR) 2023 – ICMR 2023 aims to improve its ability to bring together worldwide researchers and professionals, encourage intellectual development of scholars and provide network opportunities for conference attendees for making long lasting academic cooperation. To reach its goal, ICMR2023 benefits from its advisory board members consist of well-known academicians all around world and provide publication opportunities.
Any scholar or professional interested in engineering, science and education around the world is welcome to attend ICMR2023 conferences, which are held couple of times a year.
List of Topics
Engineering Topics
Industrial Engineering
Textile Engineering
Civil and Architecture Engineering
Mining Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Renewable Energy
Chemical Engineering
Electrical-Electronics Engineering
Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
Environmental Engineering
Computer and Informatics Engineering
Food Engineering
Geological Engineering
Science Topics
Social Sciences
Theology
International Relations
Communucation Studies
Political Science and Public Administration
Linguistics
Medical Sciences
Applied Sciences
Law
Agriculture
Education Topics
Vocational and Technical Education
Early Childhood Education
Science Education
E-learning
Secondary Science Education
Elementary Education
Primary Education
Professional Development & Teacher Training
Foreign Language Training
Educational Sciences
Mathematics Education
Venue
The conference will be held in Zoom meeting
Contact
All questions about submissions should be emailed to icmr2023@edupub.org or editor@edupub.org
International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR) 2023 is one of the substantial and most reputable international events of Business, Economics, Social Sciences and natural sciences. Appealing outstanding researchers from over 100 countries worldwide, the conference exhibits a friendly, supportive environment to accept feedback, exchange ideas and find inspiration. The main aim is to provide a forum for people coming for different academic backgrounds to interact and present their researches. Moreover, the conference generates the possibility for publications of research papers in indexed and organized journals. International Conference on Emerging Trends in Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR-2023) will provide a platform for debating on issues and challenges in the aforementioned fields. The objective is to back discussions on strategies that will accelerate worldwide growth and economic recovery as well as evolution in technology and scientific research.
EDUPUB® is an india based international consulting firm serving the world’s leading businesses, governments, public and private universities of world and not for profit organizations in every field of life. Its mandates is to develop stakeholders in diverse fields ranging from the basic necessities like sustainable health conditions, reduction in the poverty and the basic human rights to the more complicated and glittering demand of time like science and technology, entrepreneurship and telecommunication by focusing on the findings of extensive research conducted by researchers all around the world.
Conference Tracks
Academics from various fields, with an interest in the above themes, are welcome to present their papers. The conference has a multidisciplinary emphasis and, therefore, inviting contributions from across disciplines, e.g.
Social Sciences,
Development and Sustainable Development Studies,
Education,
Science and Technology,
Business and Economics,
Management,
Philosophy,
Psychology,
Sociology,
Political Science
Others.
Send papers to editor@edupub.org
Publication
IJR – International Journal of Research with ISSN 2348-6848 and book with conference proceedings
The Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization, was an ancient civilization that flourished in the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent from approximately 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. It is considered one of the world’s earliest urban civilizations, alongside Mesopotamia and Egypt.
Source – worldhistory.org
The Indus Valley Civilization was spread across the regions that are now parts of Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan, covering an area of over 1.2 million square kilometers. It is believed to have had a population of around five million people at its peak. The civilization was named after the Indus River, which runs through the heart of the region.
The Indus Valley Civilization is known for its impressive urban planning, with well-organized cities that had complex drainage systems, multi-story houses, and public baths. The cities were also home to large granaries, suggesting that the civilization had a well-developed agricultural system. The Indus Valley Civilization is also known for its sophisticated writing system, which used symbols and pictographs that have yet to be fully deciphered.
One of the most significant discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilization is the existence of the Great Bath in Mohenjo-daro, a large pool that is believed to have been used for religious ceremonies and public bathing. The cities of the Indus Valley Civilization also had impressive fortifications, suggesting that they faced some form of external threat.
The economy of the Indus Valley Civilization was based on agriculture, with the cultivation of wheat, barley, and cotton. The civilization also engaged in trade with other regions, with evidence of trade links with Mesopotamia and Egypt. The Indus Valley Civilization is known for its production of high-quality cotton textiles, which were exported to other regions.
The religion of the Indus Valley Civilization is not well-understood, as the civilization left behind no religious texts. However, it is believed that the civilization was polytheistic, with worship of various gods and goddesses. The civilization also had a sophisticated system of weights and measures, suggesting that it had a well-developed system of trade and commerce.
The decline of the Indus Valley Civilization is still a subject of debate among scholars. Some suggest that the civilization was hit by a major ecological disaster, such as a drought or flood. Others suggest that the civilization faced invasions from external forces, such as the Aryans, who are believed to have migrated to the region around 1500 BCE. Whatever the cause, the Indus Valley Civilization gradually declined and was abandoned by around 1900 BCE.
In conclusion, the Indus Valley Civilization was a remarkable ancient civilization that had a well-developed urban infrastructure, a sophisticated system of writing, and a thriving economy based on agriculture and trade. While the civilization’s decline remains a subject of debate, it left behind a rich legacy that continues to fascinate historians and scholars to this day.
NFTs differ from traditional assets because they represent digital titles rather than physical objects. While a traditional asset such as a stock certificate represents ownership of a company, an NFT represents ownership of the right to control that specific digital asset. Websites like Create Account offer trading features like artificial intelligence, trading bots, market analysis, live customer and much more for bitcoin traders. The NFT is not the physical object itself but rather its title. Regardless of how often an NFT is traded, its title or ownership will not be affected unless there is a change in its underlying rights.
NFTs can change hands frequently without affecting their underlying value because they are not tied to physical objects that could wear out with use or be stolen/damaged by others. It can also make it easier to prove that you own an item because you have its digital proof on the blockchain rather than relying on now-ancient paper documents.
It means that once an NFT is ‘sold’, no one else has the right to sell it, trade it, or give it away. It prevents their value from going down in the case of downturns. One of the most popular applications for NFTs is collectables like card games; however, more applications for ownership rights and trading will follow as developers gain more experience with blockchain technology.
This freedom is also facilitated by the fact that each NFT is unique and can contain various information, such as its price/market value, supply and demand figures, and growth rate. In addition, every NFT has a verifiable identity that people on the blockchain can create. The data associated with it at the time of creation will remain unchanged on the blockchain. No one can change the original copy of that data; people could overwrite only an identical copy of the same data (if any) through forgery.
Are NFTS similar to cryptocurrencies?
What NFTs are not is a cryptocurrency or a digital currency. While many technologies associated with cryptocurrencies are compatible with NFTs, they are not identical. Cryptocurrencies are virtual currencies that use blockchain technology to ensure security and transparency.
One of the reasons why NFTs can be used almost interchangeably is because they do not require any external third party to confirm the ownership of an item or rights over it. It makes them better suited for applications where a third party is needed or where there are a lot of trust issues (like in contracts). In addition, it means that users can use each NFT for a specific purpose, and no one else can use it similarly. Comparatively, cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin do not have this attribute; instead, all of them have a unique value attributed to them.
The uniqueness of NFTs:
This uniqueness also makes NFTs resistant to fractional reserve banking as they cannot be created at zero cost, as explained here. Any NFT associated with a particular asset will only contain enough currency or value to cover the needs of its creator and any other owners at its launch date. Each NFT will have a much smaller circulation than that of cryptocurrencies.
This lack of fractional reserve banking in using NFTs is also why their value is (currently) more stable. Cryptocurrencies, by comparison, continue to see wild price swings even after a decade in use.
Aside from this, there is another significant difference between NFTs and cryptocurrencies: ownership over an asset (NFT) cannot be transferred without the new owner changing every node on the blockchain network. Instead, it uses self-executing intelligent contracts – computer protocols that ensure transparency and trust between two parties while interacting.
Authenticity and preservation:
Blockchains support NFTs because they can make it possible for anyone to authenticate the authenticity of an item without having to rely on a third party. It also makes it easier to preserve the value of a particular item as the user can quickly transfer it from one owner to another.
With their ability to cut costs, eliminate third-party interference, and enhance security practices and their value preservation, NFTs will impact the financial, gaming and other industries in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, when you own an NFT, you do not need to trust the issuer or anyone else that it is safe. You are its sole owner; no one can change this unless you decide to alter the associated data. All of this makes using NFTs a significant improvement on traditional assets that users could lose – or damage by others – without your knowledge or consent.
Additionally, because no party has rights over any assets issued in the NFT standard, they have a limited supply in circulation (the ‘minting’ is hard-wired into every asset), and they cannot be counterfeited; meaning that each one is sure to hold its value as long as there are buyers who need it.
Bitcoin adoption is a term used to describe the rate at which people are using & accepting Bitcoin Trading Platform as a legitimate means of payment. In recent years, Bitcoin adoption has grown exponentially, with more businesses & individuals using the cryptocurrency for various transactions. In this article, we will explore the factors that have contributed to the growth of Bitcoin adoption & discuss its future outlook.
Originally developed as a decentralized alternative to conventional financial systems, Bitcoin was designed to enable direct peer-to-peer transactions without the need for intermediaries like banks or governments. As its popularity increased, however, more and more businesses and individuals began to recognize its potential as a legitimate form of payment.
Today, thousands of businesses across the world accept Bitcoin as a means of payment, including major players like Microsoft, Expedia, and Overstock.com. This widespread adoption has helped to cement Bitcoin’s status as a viable payment method, and has opened up new opportunities for merchants to tap into a growing market of consumers who prefer to use digital currencies for their transactions.
Factors Contributing to Bitcoin Adoption
Several factors have contributed to the growth of Bitcoin adoption, including:
Decentralization: One of the primary reasons why people are turning to Bitcoin is its decentralized nature. Unlike traditional financial systems, where banks & governments control the flow of money, Bitcoin is entirely decentralized, with transactions processed through a distributed network of nodes.
Security: Another factor driving Bitcoin adoption is its security features. Bitcoin uses a public ledger called the blockchain to record transactions, which makes it nearly impossible to tamper with or hack. Additionally, Bitcoin transactions are pseudonymous, which means that users can transact without revealing their real identity.
Lower transaction fees: In comparison to other digital formula or assets, the transaction fees of bitcoin is way too low.
Accessibility: Bitcoin is available in small denominations, which makes it easy for people to use for everyday transactions.
Future Outlook for Bitcoin Adoption
The future of Bitcoin adoption is difficult to predict, as it depends on several factors. However, many experts believe that Bitcoin adoption will continue to grow in the coming years. Here are some factors that could impact the future of Bitcoin adoption:
Increased regulation: As Bitcoin continues to gain mainstream acceptance, it is likely that governments will begin to regulate it more closely. This could impact Bitcoin adoption, as it could make it more difficult for people to use the cryptocurrency.
Mainstream adoption: If more businesses & individuals continue to adopt Bitcoin, it is likely that the cryptocurrency will become more main stream.
Technological advancements: As technology continues to evolve, it is likely that new Bitcoin-related products & services will emerge. This could lead to increased adoption, as people find new ways to use the cryptocurrency.
Regulation & Legalization
The regulation & legalization of Bitcoin can have a significant impact on its adoption. Some countries have been more welcoming than others when it comes to cryptocurrencies. Countries like Japan & Switzerland have been particularly open to Bitcoin & have implemented regulations to ensure its legality & safety. On the other hand, countries like China & Russia have been more skeptical & have implemented stricter regulations.
In countries where Bitcoin is not yet legal or regulated, its adoption may be slowed. If Bitcoin is deemed illegal or unregulated, businesses & individuals may be hesitant to accept or use it due to the risk of legal repercussions. On the other hand, if Bitcoin is properly regulated & legalized, it may become more attractive to businesses & individuals who are looking for a secure & stable investment.
Security & Trust
One of the biggest barriers to Bitcoin adoption is the issue of security & trust. Many people are hesitant to use Bitcoin because of concerns about its safety & the potential for fraud. While Bitcoin is built on a secure blockchain technology that makes it difficult to hack, there have been several high-profile security breaches & scams in the past.
To increase trust & security, the Bitcoin community has been working to improve security features & develop new technologies. For example, multi-signature wallets require multiple approvals for transactions, making it more difficult for hackers to steal funds. Additionally, the development of decentralized exchanges (DEX) may make it possible to trade cryptocurrencies without a central authority, further increasing security.
User-Friendliness
Another barrier to Bitcoin adoption is the issue of user-friendliness. Additionally, the volatility of Bitcoin’s price can make it difficult for people to understand how much their Bitcoin is worth.
To address this issue, companies have been developing new technologies & platforms that make it easier for people to use Bitcoin. For example, many exchanges now offer mobile apps that allow users to buy & sell Bitcoin on the go. Additionally, some companies are developing user-friendly wallets that simplify the process of storing & using Bitcoin.
Conclusion
In order for Bitcoin to be widely adopted, it needs to be more widely accepted & integrated into mainstream society. This can be achieved through education, regulation, & the development of new technologies.
Cryptocurrencies, with Bitcoin leading the way since its inception in 2009, have surged in popularity worldwide, presenting investors with a unique and intriguing investment opportunity. In this guide, we will provide a concise overview of the history of cryptocurrencies, explain their functioning, and guide you on how to initiate your first investment in Bitcoin. If you are getting tremendously confused upon how to use cryptocurrencies or how do they work, then you can keep an eye on this website for more informationhttps://q-profit-system.com/.
To maintain the trustworthiness of financial transactions and govern the creation of new units, cryptocurrencies employ cryptography. The blockchain, a transparent ledger that logs all cryptocurrency transactions, was introduced alongside the first cryptocurrency. Each transaction in the blockchain is subjected to authentication and encryption by a network of computers responsible for sustaining the blockchain. This network employs complex algorithms that ensure the security and accuracy of the blockchain, allowing it to operate autonomously without the need for intermediaries. By decentralizing the financial system in this way, cryptocurrencies offer an alternative to traditional banking structures and promote financial transparency and inclusivity.
How Does Cryptocurrency Work?
Cryptocurrencies function using a decentralized technology, which enables them to operate without the involvement of traditional intermediaries such as banks or governments. The decentralized nature of cryptocurrencies is made possible through the use of distributed ledger technology, which ensures that every participant in the network has access to a copy of the blockchain, a public database that logs all transactions. This mechanism ensures the transparency and security of cryptocurrency transactions, while also promoting financial autonomy and inclusivity for users around the world.
Types of Cryptocurrency
As a decentralised system, cryptocurrency doesn’t need authoritative third parties like banks or governments to function. It entirely leaves the entire transaction system in the hands of the investors and traders. Hence, the moment you start using the cryptos which fall under the decentralized system, you would not have to worry about the third party interferences at all.
Benefits & Risks of Cryptocurrency
Bitcoin, Ethereum, & Litecoin are just some of the many cryptocurrencies now in circulation. Bitcoin was the first & is now the most widely used cryptocurrency, with a market worth of over $1 trillion. Ethereum is an open-source platform for developing distributed applications with built-in smart contract functionality. Litecoin, like Bitcoin, is a decentralised, peer-to-peer digital money, but it boasts cheaper transaction costs & shorter confirmation times.
Getting Started with Cryptocurrency
Steps to Invest in Cryptocurrency
Open a account on a crypto exchange.
Verify your identity & complete the KYC (know your customer) process
Link a payment method, such as a credit card or bank account
Buy the cryptocurrency of your choice
Store your cryptocurrency in a secure wallet
Choosing a Cryptocurrency Wallet
A crypto wallet is a digital wallet that stores, send, & receives cryptocurrencies.
Understanding Cryptocurrency Exchanges
If you are new to the crypto field now, it might be impossible for one to have any knowledge based on cryptocurrencies and the exchange platforms. Thus, the following points below will surely help you understand every bit of it proficiently. It serves as a marketplace where individuals and entities can transact with one another, often using fiat currencies or other cryptocurrencies as a means of exchange. Centralized exchanges are operated by a central authority and provide a platform for users to trade cryptocurrencies. Peer-to-peer exchanges facilitate direct transactions between buyers and sellers, often utilizing smart contracts or escrow services to ensure the secure and efficient transfer of digital assets.
Researching Cryptocurrencies
It’s important to research the cryptocurrency you want to invest in before buying. It would help if you looked at the market capitalization, the price, the trading volume, & the supply of the cryptocurrency. It would help if you also looked at the development team behind the cryptocurrency & the technology it uses. Some several websites & resources provide information on cryptocurrencies, such as CoinMarketCap, CoinGecko, & CryptoCompare.
Conclusion
Cryptocurrency is a new & exciting investment opportunity that offers several benefits, such as decentralization, security, privacy, & low transaction fees. By following these steps & keeping your cryptocurrency secure, you can participate in the world of cryptocurrency & potentially profit from this new & exciting asset class.
Bitcoin Clever exchanges are web-based platforms that facilitate the buying, selling, and trading of bitcoins. Given the plethora of options available in the market, it can be challenging to choose the right exchange that fits one’s specific requirements. This article aims to address this challenge by identifying and exploring the most critical factors that users should consider when selecting a bitcoin exchange. By providing a comprehensive overview of these key factors, readers can make informed decisions when choosing an exchange that suits their needs, preferences, and investment goals.
Choosing the right bitcoin exchange is critical for several reasons:
The business you select will impact the security of your bitcoin holdings.
Different deals have varying fees, payment methods, & user-friendliness, affecting your overall experience.
One of the most important things which you need to stay conscious about is nothing but the customer support available in the crypto exchange.
Security: When selecting a bitcoin exchange, ensuring the security of your funds and personal information should be your top priority. As such, it is essential to consider the security features offered by a prospective exchange carefully. These may include robust password requirements, two-factor authentication (2FA) protocols, cold storage for storing funds offline, encryption and SSL certification for secure data transmission, and regular security audits to identify and mitigate potential vulnerabilities. Other features that can enhance the security of an exchange include multi-signature transactions, which require multiple parties to authorize a transaction, and insurance protection to guard against theft or loss of funds. By assessing the security features of different bitcoin exchanges, you can identify an exchange that offers a high level of protection for your investments and personal data.
SSL Encryption: SSL encryption ensures that all data sent between your device & the exchange’s server is encrypted. This prevents hackers from intercepting & stealing your information.
Cold Storage: Cold storage refers to keeping most of a bitcoin exchange’s funds offline in “cold” wallets that are not connected to the internet. This ensures that most funds remain secure even if the exchange’s hot wallet is compromised.
Reviews & Reputation
It’s recommended that you do some background study & read customer reviews of several bitcoin exchanges before making your final decision. Try to choose a company that has received praise from previous customers. To discover what others have to say about the trade, you may go visit review websites like Trustpilot & Reddit.
Trading Fees
The trading fees charged by various Bitcoin exchanges might vary widely. There may be a cost associated with withdrawing funds from certain arrangements. If you’re shopping around for an exchange, take the time to familiarize yourself with their fees so you can choose one with manageable costs.
Methods of Payment
Bitcoin exchanges often accept a wide variety of payment types, including wire transfers, credit cards, & PayPal. Some establishments also accept gift cards & Western Union among other payment options. Pick a trading platform that accepts the ways of payment that work best for you.
User-Friendliness
The ease with which you can utilize a bitcoin exchange may have a significant effect on your overall impression of the service. Pick a package that is simple to understand & use. You can make better choices if you work with a company that provides tools like real-time trading charts & price notifications.
Liquidity
Since there are numerous potential buyers & sellers on a highly liquid exchange, transactions may be completed swiftly. Pick a company with plenty of customers buying & selling bitcoins at any time..
Customer Support
Look for businesses with good customer support that are responsive & helpful. Ideally, the deal should offer support through multiple channels, such as email, phone, & live chat.
Regulatory Compliance
It’s important to choose a bitcoin exchange that complies with relevant regulations & laws in your country or region. Some countries have strict regulations on cryptocurrency trading, while others have more relaxed policies. Choosing an exchange that complies with local regulations can help ensure the legality & security of your transactions. Before selecting a bitcoin exchange, it is crucial to have a clear understanding of any regulatory requirements that may apply in your jurisdiction. This includes researching the legal status of cryptocurrencies in your country, as well as any regulations or guidelines that govern the operation of cryptocurrency exchanges. Failure to comply with these requirements can result in legal and financial consequences, making it essential to do your due diligence before choosing an exchange.
Conclusion
Choosing the right bitcoin exchange is critical for your bitcoin holdings’ security & overall experience. When selecting a business, look for one with strong security features, a good reputation, reasonable fees, convenient payment methods, an intuitive interface, high liquidity, & good customer support. You can choose an exchange that fits your needs by taking the time to research & carefully consider your options.
In recent years, the popularity of Bitcoin has increased significantly, & many businesses are now considering accepting Bitcoin as a form of payment. But for those unfamiliar with Bitcoin, getting it can seem daunting. In this piece, we will see how a business can accept Bitcoin as payment & why it may be a wise decision. Know more at Register now.
It is crucial to recognize the advantages of accepting Bitcoin as payment before delving into the specifics of how to do so. Unlike traditional credit card transactions that can be disputed or reversed, Bitcoin transactions are cryptographically secure and cannot be altered, making them highly resistant to fraud and chargebacks.
Another advantage of Bitcoin payments is their speed and cost-effectiveness. This makes Bitcoin a highly attractive option for merchants looking to reduce the cost and time associated with processing transactions. This decentralization provides businesses with greater economic freedom & independence, as they can transact globally without being subject to the regulations & restrictions of traditional banking systems.
Finally, accepting Bitcoin as payment can attract a new customer base of tech-savvy individuals who value the privacy & security that Bitcoin provides.
How to Accept Bitcoin as Payment
There are several ways a business can start accepting Bitcoin as payment. Once you have a wallet, you can display your Bitcoin address on your website, & customers can send payments directly to that address.
However, displaying your Bitcoin address can be complicated for customers who are unfamiliar with Bitcoin. One solution is a Bitcoin payment processor, which can simplify the payment process for you & your customers.
Bitcoin payment processors are third-party services that process Bitcoin payments on behalf of businesses. These processors typically charge a small fee for their services, but they provide a range of benefits, including simplified payment processing, automatic conversion to fiat currency, & fraud protection.
These processors typically integrate with popular e-commerce platforms such as WooCommerce, Magento, & Shopify, making it easy to accept Bitcoin payments on your website.
In addition to payment processors, businesses can also use Bitcoin payment gateways, which are similar to payment processors but allow companies to accept Bitcoin payments in person. These gateways typically use QR codes to process payments, allowing customers to scan the code with their Bitcoin wallet & send payment directly to the business.
Finally, businesses can also use Bitcoin ATMs to accept Bitcoin payments. These ATMs allow customers to deposit cash & receive Bitcoin in return, providing businesses with a physical location where customers can purchase goods or services with Bitcoin.
Tips for Accepting Bitcoin as Payment
While accepting Bitcoin as payment can provide many benefits, there are some important things to keep in mind to ensure a smooth payment process. First, it’s essential to stay up to date on the current exchange rate of Bitcoin to ensure that you receive fair payment for your goods or services.
Second, it’s crucial to ensure that your payment processing system is secure & that you are taking the necessary precautions to protect your Bitcoin wallet from hacking attempts. This can include using multi-factor authentication & regularly backing up your wallet. Finally, it’s a good idea to educate your customers on how to use Bitcoin & provide them with resources to learn more about cryptocurrency. This can include tutorials on setting up a Bitcoin wallet & sending & receiving Bitcoin payments.
Conclusion
Accepting Bitcoin as payment can provide businesses with various benefits, including increased financial freedom, faster & cheaper payment processing, & access to a new customer base. To start accepting Bitcoin, companies can create a Bitcoin wallet, use a payment processor, payment gateway or Bitcoin ATM, & take steps to ensure a smooth payment process.
Furthermore, by accepting Bitcoin payments, businesses can tap into a rapidly growing market of tech-savvy and financially literate consumers who prefer to use digital currencies for their transactions. After going through every bit of the above article, it must be clear to you by now that bitcoins do come in handy in various payment processes all the time. Besides, it is your responsibility to figure out the best option of payment among all, in the first place. Thus, without wasting any further time, delve into the researches to stick to the most efficient option.
As the world becomes increasingly digital, more & more people are becoming interested in cryptocurrencies. This article will provide a comprehensive guide to understanding crypto terms & jargon, making it easier for beginners to navigate the cryptocurrency world. Know more about Crypto Bit Index AI.
It is extremely silly to put every inch bit of your hard earned money in the bitcoins as the worst days of volatility can push you towards losses. Instead, they rely on complex cryptographic protocols to ensure security and prevent fraudulent transactions. For further info, you can have a clear peek into the following article for gaining further knowing.
What is Blockchain?
Blockchain is the chain of records of each crypto transaction taking place in the trade market. In simple words, every time a miner sits over the system to extract the cryptocurrencies like bitcoins, once after getting the work done with the extraction process, the miner adds the transaction to the blockchain.
What are bitcoin transactions?
Bitcoin transactions are made using public & private keys. Each user has a public key, like a public address or account number, & a private key, like a password. When someone sends Bitcoin to another person, the transaction is verified by the network & then added to the blockchain.
Bitcoin is often seen as digital gold, as its limited supply makes it valuable & sought after. This scarcity & the decentralized nature of Bitcoin make it attractive to some as a store of value, similar to gold.
In recent years, other cryptocurrencies have been created, with some seeking to improve on Bitcoin’s limitations. These include Ethereum, which introduced the concept of smart contracts & decentralized applications (dApps), & Ripple, which is focused on improving cross-border payments. While each cryptocurrency operates similarly, each has its unique features & uses.
Crypto Terms & Jargon:
Wallet: A cryptocurrency wallet is a software program that stores the private & public keys used to send & receive digital currency. If luckily, you end up with a valid and secure wallet then the best thing about the entire game is that, you can not only protect your digital assets from random intruders sitting in the internet but also from all the hackers and centralized bodies who want to imply taxes.
Mining: Mining is creating new cryptocurrencies by solving complex mathematical equations.
Fork: A fork is a change to the original blockchain. There are two types of knives: soft spoons & hard forks. A soft fork is a change that is backwards compatible, while a hard fork is a change that is not back-compatible.
Hash rate: The hash rate is a measurement of the network’s processing power. It is the speed at which a miner can solve the mathematical equation required to add a block to the blockchain.
ICO: ICO stands for initial coin offering. It is a fundraising method used by new cryptocurrency projects to raise funds for development.
Altcoin: As the name suggests, Altcoins are the most popular alternative cryptocurrencies available in the market which are not bitcoins.
Satoshi: A Satoshi is the tinnest unit of Bitcoin.
Cold Storage: Cold storage is a method of storing cryptocurrency offline to protect it from hackers. Examples of cold storage include hardware wallets, paper wallets, & USB drives.
Gas: Gas is a unit of measurement used to determine the fee required to complete a transaction on the Ethereum network.
HODL: HODL is a term used to describe holding onto cryptocurrency rather than selling it. The term originated from a typo of the word “hold” on a Bitcoin forum post.
Conclusion:
Originally developed as a decentralized alternative to conventional financial systems, Bitcoin was designed to enable direct peer-to-peer transactions without the need for intermediaries like banks or governments. As its popularity increased, however, more and more businesses and individuals began to recognize its potential as a legitimate form of payment.
Today, thousands of businesses across the world accept Bitcoin as a means of payment, including major players like Microsoft, Expedia, and Overstock.com. This widespread adoption has helped to cement Bitcoin’s status as a viable payment method, and has opened up new opportunities for merchants to tap into a growing market of consumers who prefer to use digital currencies for their transactions.
By exploring the most common myths, the article intends to dispel any confusion that may arise regarding the functionality and potential of cryptocurrencies. It will highlight the benefits of blockchain technology, which underpins these assets, and address any misinformation that may lead to misguided or incorrect conclusions about their use. Click at The official website for extra details.
Ultimately, by clarifying and debunking these myths, the article seeks to encourage the wider adoption and integration of cryptocurrencies into society. With increased understanding and knowledge of these digital assets, individuals and businesses alike can leverage the benefits they offer to improve their financial well-being and security. Get the best of the trading by visiting this like this trading platform.
Bitcoin’s supposed status as a Ponzi scheme is one of the most pervasive urban legends. This falsehood has been demolished again & again by economists & economists. Investment returns in a Ponzi scheme are paid to earlier investors with money contributed by new participants. It’s essential to understand that Bitcoin operates independently of any central authority and uses a secure and transparent blockchain to track and verify transactions. While the value of Bitcoin may fluctuate, it remains a legitimate digital currency with a growing user base and numerous practical applications.
Illegal transactions are the primary usage of cryptocurrency
One further misconception regarding cryptocurrency is that it is utilized mostly in the black market. However, cryptocurrencies are also used for legitimate transactions, such as voting in elections & tipping servers, despite their history of usage in illegal operations like money laundering & drug purchases on the dark web Bitcoin is accepted by a growing number of reputable companies, & the underlying cryptocurrency technology has the potential to disrupt traditional sectors like banking & healthcare. It’s true that some people utilize cryptocurrencies for criminal purposes, but that’s not the case for everyone.
A common misconception is that Bitcoin’s volatility makes it unsuitable for use as money
The idea that Bitcoin is too unstable to be used as money is another common misconception about it. Although the price of Bitcoin has fluctuated widely in the past, it’s worth has increased significantly overall. Currency volatility is also not always a negative thing. The value of conventional currencies also shifts somewhat in weight from time to time. Especially in nations with high inflation rates & unstable fiat currencies, Bitcoin might be utilized as a currency. Nevertheless, Bitcoin’s underlying technology is still in its infancy, & additional advancement is required to make it a more practical & generally recognized money.
The crypto markets are risky for investors because they are unregulated, goes the common myth
Bitcoin & other cryptocurrencies have a bad reputation for being risky investments because of their lack of oversight. But there is some truth to this that is missing. Many governments have created legal frameworks for digital assets, although cryptocurrencies are not yet subject to complete regulation in all countries. These regulations are part of a larger system designed to combat financial crimes & protect investors from fraud. Moreover, bitcoin investments may provide benefits to investors including enhanced diversification & the potential for large gains.
Cryptocurrencies are not safe & may be easily hacked; this is a myth.
One of the most often circulated misconceptions about cryptocurrency is that it is insecure & can be stolen with little effort. Although there have been hacks into bitcoin exchanges in the past, the underlying technology remains secure. Users must use prudence while dealing with digital assets. Use only reputable exchanges, use two-factor authentication, & use secure wallets to do this.
A common misconception is that the value of cryptocurrency will crash
The fact that the value of cryptocurrencies may fluctuate widely & that there have been big price corrections in the past does not suggest that they are a bubble that will collapse. Blockchain, the technology at the heart of cryptocurrencies, has the potential to disrupt several markets & alter the way we live in the future. The value of cryptocurrency tokens might increase if more individuals & businesses start accepting them as a form of currency & a store of wealth.
Cryptocurrencies are too complicated & difficult to use; this is a myth
Although there is a learning curve & some complexity associated with cryptocurrency, it is not hard to utilize. In other words, it’s user-friendly enough for the ordinary Joe. There are now a plethora of tools accessible to teach individuals how to utilize cryptocurrencies, thanks to the widespread use of cryptocurrency exchanges & wallets that have made these activities simple. Cryptocurrencies will become increasingly accessible to the general public as the technology behind them & the user experience around them continue to advance in tandem with their widespread adoption by companies & people alike.
Conclusively, there are numerous myths & misconceptions about cryptocurrencies, although many of them are based on insufficient information or misunderstandings. The risks connected with cryptocurrencies may be lessened if more people knew about its potential benefits & how they were already being used. Growth & innovation in this promising new area are expected to continue as more people get familiar with & start using cryptocurrencies.
Ethereum is a decentralized platform in the crypto world which has recently introduced the MERGE in the trade market. If you do not have much idea on Ethereum and other related cryptocurrencies then you can keep an eye on the following article to know more. Click to sign up & start trading ethereum. Learn more.
Ethereum is an open-source, publicly accessible, and decentralized blockchain platform that is designed to support the development and deployment of decentralized applications, or dApps. This essay will provide a comprehensive overview of Ethereum, including its historical context, underlying technology, potential applications, and future potential. By delving into these critical aspects of the platform, readers will gain a deeper understanding of the unique features and capabilities of Ethereum, as well as the broader implications of this emerging technology for the world of blockchain and decentralized applications.
Ethereum’s Past
Vitalik Buterin, inspired by Bitcoin’s blockchain technology, introduced Ethereum in 2013. He saw a network capable of hosting both a digital money and a network of decentralized programmes. In 2014, the Ethereum platform was created after its creators successfully crowd funded $18 million.
Ethereum’s Decentralized Technology
Ethereum is a blockchain-based distributed application (dApp) platform. Ethereum is a platform that allows developers to construct smart contracts and decentralised apps on top of its blockchain, whereas Bitcoin is mostly used as a digital money. They get rid of the need for middlemen like banks, brokers, and attorneys.
Proof of Stake (PoS), the consensus method used by Ethereum’s blockchain, is more energy-efficient than Bitcoin’s Proof of Work (PoW). In contrast to PoW, which relies on processing power, PoS enables validators to produce and verify new blocks on the blockchain depending on the number of coins they own. Since validators stake their bitcoin and stand to lose it if they engage in harmful activity, they have an incentive to keep the network secure.
Potential Applications of Ethereum
Ethereum’s blockchain is used to power dApps, or decentralized apps. Trust and security-critical use cases are well-suited to these open-source, transparent, and tamper-proof solutions. The most popular applications of Ethereum include:
Ethereum is the backbone of the DeFi movement, which seeks to build a global, borderless, decentralized financial system.
With Ethereum, developers may create games that run on the blockchain and provide players the ability to purchase, sell, and trade virtual items. These items are kept on the distributed ledger and may be utilized in a wide variety of video games and app stores.
Ethereum’s identity tools may be used to build private, secure, and user-managed digital ID systems. These decentralised methods of identity verification remove the requirement for third parties like governments or companies.
Blockchain technology, such as Ethereum’s, makes it possible to construct an immutable log of a product’s travels through the supply chain. Businesses and customers alike will benefit from being able to verify the legitimacy and provenance of goods.
Ethereum may be used to build ad-hoc, censorship-resistant social networks without the need for a governing body or third-party moderators. Using these systems, individuals are in charge of their own information and may safeguard their own privacy.
What’s Next for Ethereum
The outlook for Ethereum is bright, owing in large part to the dedicated development team that is continuously striving to enhance the platform and introduce new features. Among the most eagerly anticipated updates is Ethereum 2.0, which promises to replace the existing Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanism with Proof of Stake (PoS), as well as incorporate novel features like sharding to improve the network’s scalability. As a result of these improvements, Ethereum is poised to become more robust and faster, capable of handling a greater volume of transactions and supporting a broader range of decentralized applications. These developments hold great potential for advancing the state of the art in blockchain technology and driving further innovation in the space.
One of Ethereum’s primary benefits is that it can run smart contracts, which is a kind of computer programme. This implies that decentralized apps (including online marketplaces, voting systems, and more) may be built on the Ethereum blockchain and utilized for a wide range of purposes. A smart contract is a computer-generated agreement that is pre-set to go into effect under certain circumstances. The trust and openness it affords are unparalleled in the world of legal transactions.
Ethereum also has the added advantage of having speedier transaction times. In contrast to Bitcoin, where a transaction might take up to 10 minutes to complete, Ethereum transactions normally only take a few seconds. Due to the use of a distinct consensus technique called Proof of Stake, Ethereum is able to process transactions far more quickly.
Conclusion
Ethereum is a groundbreaking platform that has significantly advanced the cryptocurrency industry. Smart contract execution and reduced transaction times are only two ways in which it has the potential to transform the way we do business online. The hazards and difficulties associated with this new technology, however, must be overcome. Users may make well-informed judgments on whether or not to use Ethereum if they have a thorough grasp of the advantages and disadvantages of this cryptocurrency. Ethereum is a major development in the field of decentralized technology and has the potential to drastically alter the way we interact with one another in the digital sphere.
The Revolt act of 1857-59 was a widespread but ultimately unsuccessful rebellion against the rule of the British East India Company, which acted as a sovereign power on behalf of the British crown in India.
It was the first organized form of opposition to the British East India Company.
It began as a revolt of the British East India Company’s army sepoys, but it eventually gained the support of the masses.
The revolt has been dubbed the Sepoy Mutiny by British historians, the Indian Mutiny, the Great Rebellion by Indian historians, the Revolt of 1857, the Indian Insurrection, and the First War of Independence by Indian historians (by Vinayak Damodara Savarkar).
Source – Youtube
Causes of the Revolt Act –
Political Causes:
The political causes of the rebellion were the British policy of expansion through the Doctrine of Lapse and direct annexation. A large number of Indian rulers and chiefs were deposed, instilling fear in other ruling families who feared a similar fate. The adopted son of Rani Lakshmi Bai was not permitted to sit on the throne of Jhansi. Under the Doctrine of Lapse, Satara, Nagpur, and Jhansi were annexed. In addition, Jaitpur, Sambalpur, and Udaipur were annexed. Lord Dalhousie’s annexation of Awadh under the guise of maladministration laid off thousands of nobles, officials, retainers, and soldiers. This measure turned Awadh, a traditionally loyal state, into a hotbed of discontent and intrigue.
Social and Religious Cause:
The rapidly spreading Western Civilization in India was causing alarm throughout the country.
In 1850, an act changed Hindu inheritance law, allowing a Hindu who converted to Christianity to inherit his ancestral properties. People believed that the government intended to convert Indians to Christianity. The legalization of widow remarriage and the abolition of practices such as sati and female infanticide were viewed as threats to the established social structure. Introducing western methods of education directly challenged Hindu and Muslim orthodoxy. Even the introduction of railways and the telegraph was met with skepticism.
Economic Cause:
Peasants and zamindars in rural areas were enraged by the Company’s high land taxes and stringent revenue collection methods. Many of these groups were unable to meet the high revenue demands and repay their loans to money lenders, eventually losing their ancestral lands. Because a large number of sepoys belonged to the peasantry and had family ties in villages, the peasants’ grievances affected them as well.
Following the Industrial Revolution in England, an influx of British manufactured goods into India ruined industries, particularly India’s textile industry.
Handicraft industries in India had to compete with low-cost machine-made goods from Britain.
Military Causes:
The Revolt of 1857 began as a sepoy mutiny:
Indian sepoys made up more than 87% of British troops in India but were regarded as inferior to British soldiers.
A European sepoy of the same rank was paid more than an Indian sepoy.
They were compelled to serve in locations far from their homes.
Lord Canning issued the General Services Enlistment Act in 1856, requiring sepoys to be ready to serve even in British territory across the sea.
Immediate Cause:
Eventually, the greased cartridge episode led to the Revolt of 1857.
There was a rumour that the new Enfield guns’ cartridges were greased with pig and cow fat.
The sepoys had to bite off the cartridge paper before loading these weapons. Muslims and Hindu sepoys both objected to their use.
The problematic cartridges were removed as Lord Canning attempted to make amends, but the harm had already been done. Unrest could be found everywhere.
Mangal Pandey, a sepoy in Barrackpore, had resisted using the gun and assaulted his superior officers in March 1857. On April 8, he was strangled to death.
Conclusion:
In the annals of British rule in India, the uprising of 1857 was unprecedented. It brought together numerous segments of Indian society for a common goal, albeit in a limited manner. Even though the uprising fell short of its intended objective, it did plant the seeds of Indian independence.
International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR) 2023, is to shed light on the hurdles linked to the practical administration of all the most modern information being produced in educational research, from a multidisciplinary perspective. Today, more than ever, budding academics, scholars, and researchers in the initial degrees of their careers are discovering it to be increasingly difficult to keep up-to-date with advancements that are taking place. This convention strives to assist them in keeping up with all these developments.
The intention of the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR) 2023, is for authorities, academics, professionals, and students involved in educational research from a multidisciplinary perspective, from all over the globe, to gather collectively and bestow contemporaneous research findings that familiarize and enlighten participants concerning the advancements that have been taking place
International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR) 2023, supports all researchers (budding and veteran) to present their investigative research outcomes by exhibiting appropriate study articles/presentations/papers at the event, no matter what particular discipline of educational research, they practice in. Those responsible for the most excellent research articles will be rewarded well. They will obtain an unbelievable chance to have their research conclusions and outcomes distributed in prime publications and magazines known and recognized throughout the world. This will not only assist them in obtaining the required exposure that they require to spread the word about their investigative work amongst international research societies but additionally pave the way to a host of unbelievable possibilities for funding and carrying out advanced research projects.
The modern Internet is a collection of traditional hosts, powerful computer systems, mobile phones, and a range of IoT devices interconnected by different network technologies and complex infrastructures. In this cyberspace, administrated in different domains and powered with a variety of highly interactive, smart-enabled and multiple-area-spanning services, a huge load of sensitive data is constantly produced and transferred.
On the negative side, the Internet is subject to many new and old security and privacy risks and challenges, and its use magnifies the attack surface. Therefore, the task of ensuring security, privacy, safety and resilience requires multidisciplinary approaches to combine computer science knowledge with knowledge from different fields, such as behavioral sciences, sociology, criminology, investigations and law.
This special issue aims to offer a mixture of selected extended versions of papers presented at the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR) 2023 and accepted papers originating from the public call. We welcome submissions dealing with the above mentioned risks and problems, new challenges, interdisciplinary issues, and innovative multidisciplinary solutions (defense mechanisms, methods, and countermeasures) for promoting cyber security in the cyberspace.
We cordially invite prospective authors to submit original papers on the following topics (list is not exhaustive):
Cybersecurity and cyber resilience
Cyber insurance
Digital privacy
Digital currency, blockchains and cybercrime
Law, investigation, internet jurisdiction and ethics
Child safety in the cyberspace
Cyber forensics
Surveillance, interception, blocking and sovereignty
Cyber warfare
Network security
Critical infrastructure security
Embedded systems security
Business continuity and disaster recovery
Information security governance
Security management
Cloud security
Internet of things security
Big data and cybersecurity
Healthcare information security
Software development security
Cyber-physical systems security
Adversarial machine learning
Trust management
Submission and Evaluation Procedure
International Journal of Research (IJR) is a high-quality electronic publication that deals with all aspects of computer science. IJR has been appearing monthly since 2012 and is thus one of the oldest electronic journals with uninterrupted publication since its foundation. A number of special issues as well as the printed archive editions of the volumes are also available in print and can be ordered directly from IJR office.
Manuscripts must be submitted in PDF format, written in English with no direct or indirect reference to authors, and should not exceed 20 pages. Papers should be prepared according to the IJR guidelines for authors and should be submitted online to be included in the review process. Illustrations and tables must be provided as integrated parts of the manuscript.
Please, bear in mind that the extended version of papers originally presented at the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR) 2023 or workshop must contain at least 50% new content, and the title and abstract of the extended version must clearly and unmistakably differ from those of the article presented at the conference. The key difference to original to the ICMR’23 papers must be stated in the introduction.
Only novel research papers which are currently not under review at another event or a journal will be accepted for the review process. For more details, please also refer to:
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