Our world has been male dominated since time immemorial. In this male dominated world people have become habitual to men leaders and they often hesitate in being lead by a woman, because women are portrayed as the weaker gender who didn’t possess sufficiennt qualities that are needed for being a leader.

Even with limited opportunities and encountering difficulties like gender stereotypes, bias, absence due to motherhood they outshine men in every sphere of life.

Women in comparison to men are much more efficient at handling tough and unprecedented situations and this pandemic has proved that enough. In this global pandemic countries with male leaders like Greece, Czech Republic, Australia have done well but countries with female leaders have done extremely well and have responded in a much better way than those with male leaders .

It may be argued that female leaders have walked into the current crisis with a few plus points over countries with men leaders but the handling of crisis by Germany led by Angela Merkel has proved that also wrong. Germany with 83 Million citizens has had over 1,84,00 infections but very low deaths per million far lower than most other European countries. Germany has achieved far lower death rate than Britain, France, Italy or Spain because of its approach of large scale testing programme. It has recorded highest testing programme in Europe conducting 3,50,000 tests each week detecting the virus early enough to isolate and treat patients effectively.

Its neighbouring country Denmark also responded equally well, the Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen closed the borders of the country on 13th March followed by closing educational institutions and prohibiting gathering of more than 10 people limiting its cases to 12001 with less than six hundred virus related deaths.

Four of the five Nordic countries are led by women. Countries like Finland, Iceland and Norway also performed outstandingly well during the crisis by taking early actions and adapting smart methods for eradication of the virus.

Expect Sweden the only Nordic country not led by a woman – where Prime Minister Stefan Löfven refused to impose a lockdown which resulted into a far higher death rate in of most other European countries.

Finland where Sanna Marin governs recorded less than 10% as many deaths as nearby Sweden.

Iceland Prime Minister Katrin Jakobsdottir early and aggressive intervention helped the country in its battle with the virus.

Taiwan President TsaI.Ing Wen early intervention helped the country in limiting the outbreak . Its aggressive testing, tracing and isolation measures are applauded all over the world.

New Zealand an island country of five million which heavily relies on tourism has been declared as one of the first COVID-19 free countries in the world imposed a nationwide lockdown on 23rd March much before that its international boundaries were sealed and 14 days quarantine was already imposed on anyone entering the country. With widespread testing and effective approaches the country has eradicated the virus and is the among the firsts in going back to normal.

When the leaders of worst affected countries USA, Brazil, Britain and India were busy in making their citizens believe that the light will never fade out and they will defeat the virus with the very few restrictions adopted by them at that time these female leaders understood the severity of the situation and employed effective measures and approaches to not only curb the spread of virus but also eradicate it from their countries.

The distinguished approaches of these women leaders helped them in minimizing death rates in their countries .

Women hold only 7% of the world’s government leadership roles. Yet they have proved themselves . If there would have been more female leaders the scenario would have been much better. In spite of limited opportunities they performed so well if they are provided with equal opportunities in the near future they will definitely make the world a better place to live in.

In the midst of pandemic when the entire world is battling against a virus comparing the performance of countries would be incorrect as all countries are very different from each other because of their geographical boundaries and population but highlighting the approaches adopted by countries with better performance isn’t wrong at all.

Child labour is a serious problem and a challenge for many countries. Several countries have enacted various laws and serious initiatives to eradicate child labour along with huge efforts made by various international organizations to eliminate child labour, but still the problem is very widespread throughout the world.

The reasons for child labour include poverty, lack of schools, lack of regulations and enforcement, corruption, lack of awareness , rapid population growth which are complex and deeply rooted into the society. Poverty seems to be the main cause. It has been observed over decades that, poverty forces poor families to send their children to work, which results in a serious problem the world is facing nowadays. Child labour can be found both in urban and rural areas. However the vast majority of child labour occurs in rural areas since poverty seems to be more prevalent. Children usually work to contribute to household income and provide financial support to their families. Their health is often ignored by their parents or they may not be aware about their children’s health. Although, many poor rural families struggle for a better life in urban areas, this pushes families to force their children to work in order to increase the family income and ensure survival.

Child labour can leave many severe consequences on children and their families. According to a recent study , it was found that the majority of child labourers are engaged in agricultural work sector. When children work, it does not mean as a standard, they support their families economically, neither all of them get paid for their work since many of them work as slaves or as bonded labour. In addition to that, they face many problems which may cause permanent damage to their childhood. A significant number of working children in India are engaged in hazardous work resulting in adverse health consequences. While many companies do not engage children in their main facilities , yet we find children engaging in other parts of their production which include smaller factories, workshops etc. Child labour includes children working in agriculture, either in family labour related activities or the farms of others , children working as servants in the home of others, children who work in factories, workshops, mines, quarries as domestic workers , children who live off the street by conducting jobs such as shoe shining, rag pickers and as street vendors, children engaged in commercial sexual exploitation , migrant children belonging mostly to rural families who leave for urban centers in search of other work. 

Child labour is a major social problem and an international concern, which needs to be resolved on an urgent basis with the support of both the people and the government as it is highly involved in inhibiting the growth and development of the country. This issue cannot be eliminated without first attacking it at the roots. Thus, poverty, unemployment, lack of social security schemes, illiteracy and the attitude of society need to be tackled first before any progress can be made . If the society as such sees child labour as a social discomfort and a threat, we will be much closer at achieving success.

Women are an important part of our society. Every woman has her own job or duty in
this modern society in which men are unfortunately still the ‘strongest gender’, we can’t
forget that a woman’s life is a lot more complicated than a man’s life. A woman has to
take care of her own personal life and if she is a mother, she has to take care also of her
children´s lives too. Worse still, if she is married, additional stress can be on her
shoulders. Yet they will still perform very well in the work environment in some cases
better than their male counterparts.

“Violence against women is a manifestation of
historically unequal power relations between men and women, which have led to
domination over and discrimination against women by men and to the prevention
of the full advancement of women.”

As per the provision of “Prevention of Offences (by Acids) Act 2008,(National Commission
for Woman – Draft Bill)” constitute the definition of Acid Attacks and Acid.
According to Section 3 of said Act –
“(a) “Acid” shall mean and includes any substance which has thecharacter of
acidic or corrosive or burning nature that is capable of causing bodily injuries
leading to scars or disfigurement or temporary or permanent disability.
(b) “Acid attack” means any act of throwing acid or using acid in any form on the
victim with the intention of or with knowledge that such person is likely to cause
to the other person Permanent or partial damage or deformity or disfiguration to
any part of the body of such person.”

Throwing acid leads to disfigurement of various body parts like face, vision loss, hand, chin, cheeks, death, etc. It comes under heinous crime. And its punishment is given under section 326A and 326B of the Indian Penal Code, 1860. This section was added by Criminal law(amendment act), 2013. Section 326A and 326B were added to Indian Penal Code by the case, Laxmi Agarwal vs. Union Of India. Because of this case, acid sale was regulated and compensation was given to the victim.

There is a movie based on the real story of acid attack survivor Laxmi Agarwal i.e. Chhapaak. This movie was released on 10th january, 2020. Deepika Padukone played the role of acid attack survivor Laxmi Agarwal.

Patient and steady with all he must bear

Ready to meet every challenge with care

Easy in manner, yet solid at steel,

String in his faith, refreshingly real,

Isn’t afraid to propose what is bold,

Doesn’t conform to the usual mould,

Eyes that have foresight, for hindsight won’t do

Never backs down when he sees what is true,

Tells it all straight and means it all too,

Going forward and knowing he’s right,

Even when doubted for why he would fight

Over and over he makes his case clear,

Reaching to touch the ones who won’t hear,

Growing in strength, he would not be unnerved,

Ever assuring he’ll stand by his word.

Wanting the world to join his firm stand,

Bracing for war, but praying for peace,

Using his power so eveil will cease :

So much a leader and worthy of trust,

What is it that makes some people excel in leadership roles? Leadership theories seek to explain how and why certain people become leaders. Such theories often focus on the characteristics of leaders, but some attempt to identify the behaviors that people can adopt to improve their own leadership abilities in different situations.

Early debates on the psychology of leadership often suggested that such skills were simply abilities that people were born with. In other words, these theories proposed that certain people were simply “born leaders.” Some more recent theories propose that possessing certain traits may help make people nature leaders, but that experience and situational variables also play a critical role.

A Closer Look at Leadership Theories
As interest in the psychology of leadership has increased over the last 100 years, a number of different leadership theories have been introduced to explain exactly how and why certain people become great leaders.

What exactly makes a great leader? Do certain personality traits make people better suited to leadership roles, or do characteristics of the situation make it more likely that certain people will take charge? When we look at the leaders around us—be it our employer or the President—we might find ourselves wondering exactly why these individuals excel in such positions.

People have long been interested in leadership throughout human history, but it has only been relatively recently that a number of formal leadership theories have emerged. Interest in leadership increased during the early part of the twentieth century.

Early leadership theories focused on what qualities distinguished between leaders and followers, while subsequent theories looked at other variables such as situational factors and skill levels. While many different leadership theories have emerged, most can be classified as one of eight major types.

“Great Man” Theories
Have you ever heard someone described as “born to lead?” According to this point of view, great leaders are simply born with the necessary internal characteristics such as charisma, confidence, intelligence, and social skills that make them natural-born leaders.

Great man theories assume that the capacity for leadership is inherent—that great leaders are born, not made. These theories often portray great leaders as heroic, mythic, and destined to rise to leadership when needed. The term “Great Man” was used because, at the time, leadership was thought of primarily as a male quality, especially in terms of military leadership.

Such theories suggest that people cannot really learn how to become strong leaders. It’s either something you are born with or born without. It is very much a nature (as opposed to nurture) approach to explaining leadership.

The Great Man Theory of Leadership
Trait Theories
Similar in some ways to Great Man theories, trait theories assume that people inherit certain qualities and traits that make them better suited to leadership. Trait theories often identify a particular personality or behavioral characteristics shared by leaders. For example, traits like extroversion, self-confidence, and courage are all traits that could potentially be linked to great leaders.

If particular traits are key features of leadership, then how do we explain people who possess those qualities but are not leaders? This question is one of the difficulties in using trait theories to explain leadership.

There are plenty of people who possess the personality traits associated with leadership, yet many of these people never seek out positions of leadership. There are also people who lack some of the key traits often associated with effective leadership yet still excel at leading groups.1

Trait Theories of Leadership
Contingency Theories
Contingency theories of leadership focus on particular variables related to the environment that might determine which particular style of leadership is best suited for the situation. According to this theory, no leadership style is best in all situations.

Leadership researchers White and Hodgson suggest that truly effective leadership is not just about the qualities of the leader, it is about striking the right balance between behaviors, needs, and context

Good leaders are able to assess the needs of their followers, take stock of the situation, and then adjust their behaviors accordingly. Success depends on a number of variables including the leadership style, qualities of the followers, and aspects of the situation.

Situational Theories
Situational theories propose that leaders choose the best course of action based upon situational variables. Different styles of leadership may be more appropriate for certain types of decision-making.

For example, in a situation where the leader is the most knowledgeable and experienced member of a group, an authoritarian style might be most appropriate. In other instances where group members are skilled experts, a democratic style would be more effective.

The Situational Theory of Leadership
Behavioral Theories
Behavioral theories of leadership are based upon the belief that great leaders are made, not born. Consider it the flip-side of the Great Man theories. Rooted in behaviorism, this leadership theory focuses on the actions of leaders, not on mental qualities or internal states. According to this theory, people can learn to become leaders through teaching and observation.

Participative Theories
Participative leadership theories suggest that the ideal leadership style is one that takes the input of others into account. These leaders encourage participation and contributions from group members and help group members feel more relevant and committed to the decision-making process. In participative theories, however, the leader retains the right to allow the input of others.

There are many different ways of thinking about leadership, ranging from focusing on the personality traits of great leadership to emphasizing aspects of the situation that help determine how people lead.

Like most things, leadership is a highly multi-faceted subject and it is a mixture of many factors that help determine why some people become great leaders. Learn more about some of the things that make people strong leaders is one way of potentially improving your own skills.

Have you ever seen Yousely in mirror , and say “I am the greatest person ever born on this planet” . In 700 cr. I am the greatest , and a lot of dare is needed to say this that, I am the greatest. People don’t have dare to say this, that’s why they don’t become greatest . You are not seeing yourself as a greatest person daily. If you think any silly things, so become like this . But if you think any great thing so, you become a great person. So if you are going to thing a great thing so why should a normal great thing think the greatest think. If this concept made place in your mind. If you see yourself in mirror and say that I am the greatest person ever in this planet. In last 100 or 1000 decades or present time, I am the greatest person ever. But stay always clear with the definition of greatest Don’t get confused in definition. The person is not great by his name or fame person is great by his deed and extraordinary work, that is the greatest person. If a doctor who is great name and fame in their field is not great, the doctor is great by his unconditional services, his dedication towards his job . Doesn’t matter you job is what is your job , whatever your job is do it with honesty and satisfy the work with hardwork. Imagine you are a teacher so do it your teaching job as much as perfectly, that you are the best teacher in the planet. Do you work with whole passion, and give them 100% with a great dedication and focus. Then you are the greatest what’s doubt . Greatest are those , who gave their all efforts, do it with all knowledge and intelligence. I have guts to see myself in mirror and say that I m the greatest person ever in this planet. If I am writing any article on any of the topic, so I know whatever I write , I write with my all efforts I gave my 100% , I use my whole knowledge, and I write with honesty. So I know the article I write is greatest ever. Someone says yes, she is right and she writes very well her thoughts is clear. Someone says no , she is wrong. But what people is not my matter. That is others problem what they think about me. My outlook is important for me and this matter for me not others. Let’s take an example , someone is celebrity, just because a lot of people give this outlook but in personal he is taking a lot of depression pills, because he is not feel that he is the greatest person ever in this planet. Sometime people took them at the peak, and sometime took them at bottom this is what people do. This is their work and they are doing as always. So if you are celebrity because people say , people make you celebrity , and right know you are not because people let down your image , don’t go with the people, go with yourself. If you are celebrity in your outlook then you never flop at any situation at any time whatever the people think.

But accurate with the definition of greatest, you are greatest because your own outlook , you think, you gave this post , this positivity to yourself That you are greatest. Just think people or world is saying you are worst so what’s the matter that’s not my issue because I know I am the greatest and doing all my work with whole heartedly. So if you become greatest in your own outlook so your action, way of talking, and those people who are working or living with you they see you from a different view and you work like a magnet, a very wonderful energy radiating from those who become greatest in their own outlook, and everyone like this energy. Tell me one thing, that is anyone like dull , lazy or sappy person obviously not, all like energetic people who have extra energy and who charged up always and inspired internally. If you are doing any business so the people who are going to work with you and invest are attracted that much with my positive energy that they never leave my business or not even think about it. This is not a theoretical concept this is a practical concept.

Are you want to be like this . So how you become like this. It’s start with the way you look yourself . If you think positive so everyone around is looking positive to you. But you think negative so everyone around you is negative. Have you M.S Dhoni movie, see his positivity , his trust on himself and by facing a lot of problems at last he succeed because he know he is the greatest ever in this world. His positivity, his energy energies all the team members.

When you are excited to do your business so everyone who is working with you is excited to work with but you are not excited regarding your business so their is no chance of going good in your business.

In starting when you start to become greatest this is difficult for you , sometime it look lie also that are you really a greatest person in this planet. But when you are start practicing it daily and saying Yourself that you are greatest then it start reflecting in your behaviour and your surrounding can also observe this positivity and lastly when you shine and become a successful person. Everyone say that I know you will do something very great.