Bollywood Songs That Shouldn’t Be Played Anymore

Songs have a lasting impact on our mind and leave us humming the same tune for weeks. However, we often don’t pay attention to the lyrics and its meaning. Most of the Bollywood songs are racist, sexist, promote rape culture, and dismiss consent as being essential. Covering the lyrics with peppy beats and catchy lines, Bollywood songs never fail to objectify women. People tend to focus on the extravagant choreography, the glamorous clothes and the actors rather than judging the quality of the song’s lyrics. It is a dire need to raise our voices against such songs especially at this time when songs are easily available and can be streamed anytime and anywhere. Censorship needs to be more strict with respect to such lyrics as Bollywood songs reach about 17% of the world’s population and influence young as well as mature minds.

Some of the songs that need to be removed from streaming platforms are-

• Jumma Chumma Dede

A super-hit song from a well-recognised movie, Hum, is rather an example of harassment but everyone sings this song without acknowledging its problematic concept. We should take a second to analyse its lyrics-

“Are tu boli thi pichhle jumme ko

Chumma dungi agle jumme ko

Aaj jumma hai to aaja aaja

Aaja aaja aaja aaja”

These lines harass a woman by constantly asking her to give a kiss which she had promised last week. The repetition of the word ‘aaja’ which means come, is abusive.

• Samundar Mei Nahake

One of the most hit among the old songs, Samundar Mei Nahake is seen as a classic composed by R. D. Burman in the movie Pukar. This song shows women objectification by attributing salty as a quality to the female actress in the song. Here are its lyrics-

“Samundar mei naha ke

Tuma ur bhi namkeen ho gayi ho”

Constantly listening or singing along with these songs somehow reinforce these values. We need to unlearn these concepts we have integrated into our minds and it is such songs and movies of Bollywood which have popularised them.

• Gandi Baat

This song of R.Rajkumar promotes rape culture, disregard consent from women, normalise sexual and emotional harassment. Its lyrics are self-explanatory- Achhi batein karli bohot ab karunga tere saath gandi baat (which is a direct rape threat). Another line of this song is “Mooh se kya kya kya, Bol na na na, Mann to mann mann mann ho gaya” which is based on assuming that the woman is also in agreement without taking any kind of consent.

• Yaad Piya ki Aane Lagi

The romanticisation of problematic behaviour is very frequently represented in Bollywood. One such song is Yaad Piya ki Aane Lagi, even though it is one of the recent songs it still portrays values which should’ve been left behind. It shows the backwardness of our cinema industry.

The lyrics of this song is – Hum dheere dheere dheere paagal ho rahe hai

Main to mar jaana haye wo na jo milne aaye

Saansein meri hai unke hathon mein

In this, words like ‘paagal’ are ableist and should not be used. This song shows unhealthy dependability on your partner.

These songs need to be eliminated from our industry as they are negatively influencing the youth along with the rest of the audience.

HOSTAGES 2 REVIEW😀

Hostages Season 2’ picks up from where Season 1 had left off. It shifts its attention from Dr. Anand’s family, who were held hostage by Singh and his gang in the previous season. This time around, the hostage-taker’s plan is a bit too personal — he needs the CM’s bone marrow to save his wife’s life. But nothing goes as planned because of Saba’s (Shriswara Dubey) deteriorating health conditions and they now must halt their journey and take shelter in an abandoned house (Purani Kothi) on the Delhi-Gurgaon Highway. But that’s not all, the CM’s head of security, Subramanian (Mohan Kapur), hunts the gang down, and gunshots are fired which attracts local cops’ attention. Just as things get rolling, events conspire to set up a brand-new hostage situation — will Prithvi be successful in finding a way out of this mess and getting the bone marrow transplant for his wife?

The screenplay is a bit slow but manages to keep the audience hooked as the tension between the main characters has been highlighted quite well. While a few subplots feel a bit forced everything falls into place once the show reaches the business end.The death of a key character too has been executed with a fair deal of competence and makes the desired impact. The last two episodes in particular pack a punch as it has a strong emotional connect. The climax has a strong ‘shock value’.

Coming to the performances, Ronit Roy is the heart and soul of Hostages 2 and does full justice to a layered character. His raw and natural intensity adds a new dimension to the show, upping the recall value. He also handles the emotional sequences rather well.

Divya Dutta is sincere and makes a decent impact in the opening episodes. Dino Morea looks stylish but fails to add much to Hostages 2. Veteran actor Dalip Tahil delivers an effective performance, proving that he has still got it. Kanwalijit Singh,however, fails to make an impact as he is burdened with a generic and one-dimensional character.

While not quite as riveting as its precursor, this season has impressive production values and fine performances. Among them are Ronit Bose Roy, who returns as the mastermind Prithvi Singh, Aashim Gulati as Prithvi’s sensitive and steadfast brother-in-law Aman and Divya Dutta as the perceptive negotiator. Kanwaljit Singh provides the temperance associated with a commanding police officer. Amit Sial, Mohan Kapur, Faezeh Jalali, Dalip Tahhil and Shriswara Dubey reprise their roles as Peter, Subramanian, Sarah, Handa and Saba respectively.

The background music could have a lot better as it does not up the thrill quotient associated with Hostages 2, The action sequences, however, are upto the mark and have a realistic feel. The other technical aspects have been handled well .

Conserve Nature, Conserve life !

Look around yourself. The air we breathe , the water we drink , the soil we live on ,the rays of the sun and the blossom of a flower . The trees and the fauna everything is just so beautiful. Mother Nature has blessed us with magnificent things which of course we humans have taken it for granted. The human race has already done a lot of damage to the environment. In the greed of reaching heights we have badly affected our environment. Pollution levels have increased drastically and exploitation of resources has been immense. The ground water has depleted. The rains have turned into acid rain. The rivers are no longer purest. The regular cutting down of trees has led to deforestation. The effect of global warming, the increase of greenhouses gases, the depletion of the ozone layer and the alarming levels of pollution are all an indicator of an impending catastrophe. Industrialization has been a major source to pollution. With the increase in factories ,fuel , waste disposal everything has destroyed the purity of nature. To compensate our needs of fuel we have consumed the non renewable sources to a great extent. There is an urgent need for sustainable development. Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

“A nation that destroys its soils destroys itself. Forests are the lungs of our land, purifying the air and giving fresh strength to our people. ”
― Franklin D. Roosevelt

We need to realize our responsibilities towards our Mother Earth and do every bit to conserve her. There are certain things we can do to save the upcoming disaster. The steps we can take are –

Sustainable living – It is important that we use the current resources by keeping in mind that there is a future ahead of us and also a generation that will live in it.

Plant trees as much as possible – There is no better way then planting trees / saplings. Nurture a sapling and that is the best you can do . We need to do Aforestation and Reforestation top save our environment.

Pollution control – Air, water or soil. There is a need to control all kinds of pollution . We should stop dumping wastage on the ground or stop disposing them in the rivers. The diesel and petrol vehicles should replace it by CNG for reduced air pollution.

Go Eco friendly – Use Biodegradable / Disposable Waste Bag, replace plastic bags with paper bags, reuse and recycle, do not waste paper , use terracotta products etc. Use Bulbs and tube lights that are energy efficient to save energy. Solar panels and rechargeable batteries can be used as alternative sources of energy. Compost bins can be set up to produce manure instead of using fertilizers.

There are several programs run by our government too , The National Afforestation Programme (NAP) of the Ministry of Environment and Forests is a 100 percent centrally sponsored scheme for afforestation and tree plantation and eco-restoration of degraded forests and adjoining areas in the country.

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established on October 18, 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act 2010.It has been set up for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources including enforcement of any legal right relating to environment and giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

Green skill development program , green skills’ refers to those that contribute to preserve and restore environment and create a sustainable future. Hence, the programme focuses on developing skills among the youth in the environment and forest sector.

Swacchh Bharat Abhiyan, Launched on Mahatma Gandhi’s birth anniversary on October 2, 2014,Over the years, different versions of the campaign were started. This includes Gramin Swachh Bharat Mission and Bal Swachhata Abhiyan.

Toilet before Temples, ‘Pehle shauchalaya, phir devalaya’ .Implemented as part of the Swachh Bharat Mission, the government claims to have built over nine crore household toilets and 32 states or Union Territories have been declared open defecation-free since October 2, 2014.

So let’s promise ourselves to contribute everything we can to make this world a better place to live in! It is our duty to save the environment. Do something GREEN everyday .

Dadabhai Naoroji

Dadabhai Naoroji was also regarded as the ‘Great Old Man of India’ and ‘Oficial Ambassador of India’ as an Indian Parsi scholar, merchants and politicians and was the first Asian to be an Indian MP, despite the British MP David Ochterlony Dyce Sombre who was disenfranchised on the grounds of corruption in the United Kingdom House of Commons between 1892 and 1895. Naoroji was one of the Indian National Congress’ founding members.

The Indian drain of wealth in Britain was brought to light in his Book Poverty and the United Kingdom rule in India. He clarified in it his principle of draining of capital. He and Kautsky and Plekhanov were also participants of the Second International. The congress works of Dadabhai Naoroji are deserving of praise. He was elected president of INC three times in 1886, 1893 and 1906. The Dadabhai Naoroji Awards for services to United Kingdom and India were opened in 2014 by Vice-Premier Nick Clegg. In 1963, 1997 and 2017 Naoroji was seen in the Indian Post on stamps.

In a Gujarati-speaking family, Naoroji was born in Navsari and taught at the Elphinstone Institute School. He was patronised by Sayajirao Gaekwad III, the Baroda Maharaja, and began his career as a dewan in 1874. On 1 August 1851, Naoroji established the Rahnumae Mazdayasne Sabha in order to restore its original purity and simplicity to the Zoroastrian faith. In 1854 he founded a quintessential gujarati journal, the Rast Goftar, in order to explain Zoroastrian concepts and to encourage social reforms in Parsi. He was named Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at the Bombay University of Elphinstone in December 1855 and was the first Indian to hold this position in the academia. He also published an additional newspaper called The Voice of India. In 1855, he visited London to become a Cama & Co partner, opening an office in Liverpool in order to create the first Indian company in England. He resigned for legal reasons within three years. In 1859, he set up his own Dadabhai Naoroji & Co. cotton trade firm. Later, at University College , London, he became Professor of Gujarati.

Naoroji led the London Indian Society in 1865 and launched it with a view to addressing Indian political , social and literary problems. In 1861, together with Muncherjee Hormusji Cama, Naoroji founded The Zoroastrian Trust Funds of Europe. He also helped set up in 1867 the East India Association, one of the Indian National Congress’ predecessors with the intention of providing the British public with an Indian perspective. The Association played a part in combating the propaganda of the London Ethnological Society, which tried to demonstrate the Asians were inferior to the European in 1866.

In the colonial rule of India, Dadabhai Naoroji concentrated on the drain of riches from India to England. One of the reasons for Naoroji’s drain theory is its choice to estimate India’s net national benefit and, by extension, its impact on the economy. By interacting with the economy, Naoroji tried to show that Great Britain drained money from India. Six factors led to external drain have been identified by Naorojis. First of all, India’s foreign government is controlled. Secondly, India does not attract immigration that contributes to economic growth through labour and capital. Third, India pays for the civil and occupational army of Britain. Fourthly, India carries in and outside its borders the burden of building an empire. Fifth, the country’s opening to free trade was in fact a way to manipulate India by supplying international workers with high paying jobs. Finally, the key income-makers would buy or leave the revenue, as most foreign workers, outside India. In Naoroji’s ‘Poverty’ book, he estimated that the income of India in Great Britain was losing about 200-300 million pounds. Naoroji described it as vampirism with money as a blood metaphor that made India human and tried to display the conduct of Britain as monstrous as a way to sympathise with the nationalist movement.

Social Media : A Social Dilemma

Recently a Netflix documentary has stirred up a lot of controversies on the usage of social media. I believe that some certain parts of our childhood went as an experiment into the growing of the technology. There was this certain period of time when all our answers were found in the libraries and not in the e- resource lab. Our minds have changed in alternative way, changing the way we think and respond. And most importantly Concentration gap has considerably decreased for most of the teenagers due to their constant usage of phone. It has all turned us time some creature who no longer uses their brain, but just their fingertips.

Media, especially social media has turned around the way our minds work, we are no longer owners of our brain but we are its prisoners. Our minds have turned against ourselves. Sometimes we find ourselves in situations we cannot explain or relate too. It has passively affected the way our minds work. It got into our system and rewired our brain. Quitting can come up as an easy solution but for long will you quit, give up on something that connects you to everyone.

One of the major problems of using internet is that we forget to rely on ourselves sometimes. Assignments, projects are now all googled up and copy pasted and submitted, the student no longer reads a book. Even if someone attempts too, their concentration span has gone down so low that they wont be able to focus for more than 20 minutes. Are we on the path to self-destruction? That was a constantly asked question around the world. The technology that we build is now turning against us. The worst part of this is that we do not even realize how much of it has affected us and our mind.

A major impact social media has on teenagers is that it has wired our brains to believe that our potential lies in getting likes or comments from certain posts. Our brain functions in a way where it becomes happy with the mere likes we get on social media and it can turn into depression and a feeling of inferiority when we do not get likes. Social media creates a segregation between the rich and poor. It has become a platform where people show off what they have, this inflicts a sense of disappointment for the ones who do not own a luxury.

What makes human beings so much more different from other creatures on earth is the fact that they have a very capable and efficient brain. Across these years from the time of humanity, human beings have grown in lot of possible different ways. Human beings had made life smooth with various inventions, it has become so easy that we sometimes simply not use our brains anymore. Life had become so easy with the push of a button that we forget the entire process that had existed once before.

A major reason why we don’t get sleep is because of the tiny screens. We spend so much time using that we no longer become aware of the time. It can cause sleeping disorders as well as eye problems too.

Usage of phones have so much impact on our lives that we sometimes cannot give it up. We can simply never quit from this technological advancement, all we can do is adjust ourselves in a way that it doesn’t become an addiction.

OCD and Dopamine

Obsessive compulsive disorder. You might have read this term in many articles,memes and so many places. But…..OCD is not something to be considered as a joke.

Photo by David Garrison

The disorder is a psychological disorder which includes a ‘certain’ compulsive disorder. Meaning, a person with OCD always has a way of things,and when it does not go that way,it often results in agitation,hypervigilance(increased state of alertness), repetitive movements and so much more.Now you might be like, ‘ Ya,so what?’ The thing is the person with OCD cannot even control their actions. They just simply can’t control their thoughts at all.They often isolate themselves from socialising. Often anxiety , depression and panics are observed within the patients. Now this does not mean that every second person out there has OCD. Obsessive Compulsive disorder is not being annoyed from your room not being clean. Suppose,you have to save a particular presentation. So, you’ll click the save button once a day your work is done. But an OCD patient will click the save button multiple times. And they don’t have a dominance over it. It sort of becomes a natural tendency after sometime. Our brain is a pretty complex concept. It has various components and chemicals which make us experience various types of emotions. One of them is dopamine. What is dopamine? Suppose you like to eat chocolates every day single day. And it quiet makes you happy. Sure,but when you eat that chocolate, dopamine oxytocin etc. are released within your whole brain. Whenever you do something amusing and mind blowing, dopamine gets released within your body. At some point of time it becomes an obsession. Then you cannot live without it. Why? Because your brain likes to adapt itself in any given condition. Scientists have proven this by experiments,suppose you wear a wristwatch for 3 days straight. After a point of time,your brain eliminates the feeling of the mass of the watch at all. Exactly the reason why we don’t always notice our heartbeat or breathing unless we go for a long run,when the heart has to pump the blood with more intensity,that’s when you sort of feel the heartbeat without actually putting your hand over your heart. Anyways,once your brain gets used to a particular habit,it’s capacity increases day by day. Suppose the first day you drank a cup of coffee,and continued for quite some time . Now your body is used to the caffeine rush of one cup,and now you have to drink about two cups of coffee to get the same effect as before. Dopamine rush, kind of works similarly. Once you acquire it as an habit,your capacity to hold dopamine increases,and a time comes when you cannot control it at all. Dopamine is a natural component. It will be released in the brain. But the intensity through which it rushes is always up to you. There is one more enzyme which is released when you are desperate to make a decision. The liquid,maybe flows into the brain and makes it very hard for you to make the decision. The purpose? Well,it might be a n indirect indication of the body to calm down and take the decision wisely and with all factors into the point of view. Thereforevice,experts advise to use dopamine as a reward for whatever good work you do. Make use of this dopamine as a reward for accomplishing small activities which you planned.

So let’s get back to OCD. The major cause of this phenomenon is not exactly known,but a few speculations are maybe made,but not every speculation is true now,is it? People with OCD often suffer with mood swings from few to depression etc. Some may distance themselves from almost everyone and get used to loneliness. And loneliness is the devil’s workshop. There are several cases of OCD as well. The disorder is not a joke.You might think it funny but the issue is more serious than you think.The people have common symptoms like constant nightmares, repeatedly overthinking about any incident that happened. Ya,now you might be like’ Oh my god, I do this as well!!’ But what you do would be milder than what a person with OCD suffers. It makes you sort of classify everything. Literally. From colours to number of bottles in your house etc. People with this avoid contact with any means like a handshake,door lock etc. Makes them have impulsive cleanliness everywhere. The problem may interfere with your social life,jobs etc.

Photo by Pixabay

OCD is pretty rare and one of the mysteries still to be uncovered. Therefore,not much information is available and which is why awareness is not there within the people. That’s why they find it funny. But the things which are experienced from OCD are not funny.

To calm your panic attacks,here are some ideas you could use-

Use a distraction- Concentrate on anything which does not remind you of the source of your panic
Take a cool long and deep breath. Often people say that it helped them concentrate on their actual work
Count any five to ten things which you find weird, amusing or distractive.
Close your eyes for a minute and remember what could be the possible reason for your work to go Wrong. Once you hit the error, do your efficiently and steadily to avoid any mistake that you did in the past

These are some small tips,but can save from disasters happening!!

Financial Crimes in India

Financial crime is a crime committed against property, involving the unlawful conversion of the ownership of property (belonging to one person) to one’s own personal use and benefit. Financial crimes may involve fraud (cheque fraud, credit card fraud, mortgage fraud, medical fraud, corporate fraud, securities fraud (including insider trading), bank fraud, insurance fraud, market manipulation, payment (point of sale) fraud, health care fraud); theft; scams or confidence tricks; tax evasion; bribery; sedition; embezzlement; identity theft; money laundering; and forgery and counterfeiting, including the production of Counterfeit money and consumer goods. Financial crimes may involve additional criminal acts, such as computer crime and elder abuse, even violent crimes such as robbery, armed robbery or murder. Financial crimes may be carried out by individuals, corporations, or by organized crime groups. Victims may include individuals, corporations, governments, and entire economies.

The main types of financial crimes in India include : bank fraud, electronic crime, money laundering, bribery and corruption, market abuse and insider dealing, information security, market manipulation, tax evasion.

Bank Fraud:

Bank fraud is the use of potentially illegal means to obtain money, assets, or other property owned or held by a financial institution, or to obtain money from depositors by fraudulently posing as a bank or other financial institution. In many instances, bank fraud is a criminal offence. While the specific elements of particular banking fraud laws vary depending on jurisdictions, the term bank fraud applies to actions that employ a scheme or artifice, as opposed to bank robbery or theft. For this reason, bank fraud is sometimes considered a white-collar crime. In order to hide serious financial problems, some businesses have been known to use fraudulent bookkeeping to overstate sales and income, inflate the worth of the company’s assets, or state a profit when the company is operating at a loss. These tampered records are then used to seek investment in the company’s bond or security issues or to make fraudulent loan applications in a final attempt to obtain more money to delay the inevitable collapse of an unprofitable or mismanaged firm.

Electronic Crime:

Computer fraud is any dishonest misrepresentation of fact intended to let another to do or refrain from doing something which causes loss. In this context, the fraud will result in obtaining a benefit by: Altering in an unauthorized way. This requires little technical expertise and is a common form of theft by employees altering the data before entry or entering false data, or by entering unauthorized instructions or using unauthorized processes; Altering, destroying, suppressing, or stealing output, usually to conceal unauthorized transactions. This is difficult to detect Altering or deleting stored data. Other forms of fraud may be facilitated using computer systems, including bank fraud, carding, identity theft, extortion, and theft of classified information. These types of crime often result in the loss of private information or monetary information.

Money Laundering:

Money laundering is the illegal process of concealing the origins of money obtained illegally by passing it through a complex sequence of banking transfers or commercial transactions. The overall scheme of this process returns the “clean” money to the launderer in an obscure and indirect way. One problem of criminal activities is accounting for the proceeds without raising the suspicion of law enforcement agencies. Considerable time and effort may be put into strategies that enable the safe use of those proceeds without raising unwanted suspicion. Implementing such strategies is generally called money laundering. After money has been laundered, it can be used for legitimate purposes.

Bribery and Corruption:

A bribe is an illegal or unethical gift or lobbying effort bestowed to influence the recipient’s conduct. It may be money, goods, rights in action, property, preferment, privilege, emolument, objects of value, advantage, or merely a promise to induce or influence the action, vote, or influence of a person in an official or public capacity.

Many types of payments or favors may be fairly or unfairly labeled as bribes: tip, gift, sop, perk, skim, favor, discount, waived fee/ticket, free food, free ad, free trip, free tickets, sweetheart deal, kickback/payback, funding, inflated sale of an object or property, lucrative contract, donation, campaign contribution, fundraiser, sponsorship/backing, higher paying job, stock options, secret commission, or promotion (rise of position/rank).

Corruption is a form of dishonesty or criminal offense undertaken by a person or organization entrusted with a position of authority, to acquire illicit benefit or abuse power for one’s private gain. Corruption may include many activities including bribery and embezzlement, though it may also involve practices that are legal in many countries.Political corruption occurs when an office-holder or other governmental employee acts in an official capacity for personal gain.

Corruption can occur on different scales, corruption ranges from small favors between a small number of people (petty corruption), to corruption that affects the government on a large scale (grand corruption), and corruption that is so prevalent that it is part of the everyday structure of society, including corruption as one of the symptoms of organized crime. Corruption and crime are endemic sociological occurrences which appear with regular frequency in virtually all countries on a global scale in varying degree and proportion. Individual nations each allocate domestic resources for the control and regulation of corruption and crime. Strategies to counter corruption are often summarized under the umbrella term anti-corruption.

Market Abuse:

Market abuse may arise in circumstances where financial market investors have been unreasonably disadvantaged, directly or indirectly, by others who:

have used information which is not publicly available (insider dealing)
have distorted the price-setting mechanism of financial instruments
have disseminated false or misleading information

Market Abuse is split into two different aspects (under EU definitions):

Insider dealing: where a person who has information not available to other investors (for example, a director with knowledge of a takeover bid) makes use of that information for personal gain
Market manipulation: where a person knowingly gives out false or misleading information (for instance, about a company’s financial circumstances) in order to influence the price of a share for personal gain

Phishing (Information security scams):

Phishing is the fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information or data, such as usernames, passwords and credit card details, by disguising oneself as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. Typically carried out by email spoofing, instant messaging, and text messaging, phishing often directs users to enter personal information at a fake website which matches the look and feel of the legitimate site.

Phishing is an example of social engineering techniques used to deceive users. Users are lured by communications purporting to be from trusted parties such as social web sites, auction sites, banks, colleagues/executives, online payment processors or IT administrators.

Market Manipulation:

Market manipulation is a type of market abuse where there is a deliberate attempt to interfere with the free and fair operation of the market and create artificial, false or misleading appearances with respect to the price of, or market for, a product, security, commodity or currency. A type of manipulation possible when financial instruments are settled based on benchmarks set by the trading of physical commodities, for example in United States Natural Gas Markets. The manipulator takes a large long (short) financial position that will benefit from the benchmark settling at a higher (lower) price, then trades in the physical commodity markets at such a large volume as to influence the benchmark price in the direction that will benefit their financial position.

Tax Evasion:

Tax evasion is the illegal evasion of taxes by individuals, corporations, and trusts. Tax evasion often entails taxpayers deliberately misrepresenting the true state of their affairs to the tax authorities to reduce their tax liability and includes dishonest tax reporting, such as declaring less income, profits or gains than the amounts actually earned, or overstating deductions.

Tax evasion is an activity commonly associated with the informal economy. One measure of the extent of tax evasion (the “tax gap”) is the amount of unreported income, which is the difference between the amount of income that should be reported to the tax authorities and the actual amount reported.

In contrast, tax avoidance is the legal use of tax laws to reduce one’s tax burden. Both tax evasion and avoidance can be viewed as forms of tax noncompliance, as they describe a range of activities that intend to subvert a state’s tax system, although such classification of tax avoidance is not indisputable, given that avoidance is lawful, within self-creating systems.

Indian Literature : Our Biggest Asset

Indian literature refers to the literature produced on the Indian subcontinent until 1947 and in the Republic of India thereafter. The earliest works of Indian literature were orally transmitted. Sanskrit literature begins with the oral literature of the Rig Veda a collection of literature dating to the period 1500–1200 BCE. The Sanskrit epics Ramayana and Mahabharata were subsequently codified and appeared towards the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. Classical Sanskrit literature developed rapidly during the first few centuries of the first millennium BCE, as did the Tamil Sangam literature, and the Pāli Canon. In the medieval period, literature in Kannada and Telugu appeared in the 6th and 11th centuries respectively. Later, literature in Marathi, Assamese, Odia, Bengali and Maithili appeared. Thereafter literature in various dialects of Hindi, Persian and Urdu began to appear as well. In 1913, Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore became India’s first Nobel laureate in literature. In contemporary Indian literature, there are two major literary awards; these are the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship and the Jnanpith Award. Eight Jnanpith Awards each have been awarded in Hindi and Kannada, followed by five in Bengali and Malayalam, four in Odia, four in Gujarati, Marathi, Telugu and Urdu, two each in Assamese and Tamil, and one in Sanskrit.

Vedic Literature:

The Vedas are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism. There are four Vedas: the Rigveda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda and the Atharvaveda. Each Veda has four subdivisions – the Samhitas (mantras and benedictions), the Aranyakas (text on rituals, ceremonies, sacrifices and symbolic-sacrifices), the Brahmanas (commentaries on rituals, ceremonies and sacrifices), and the Upanishads (texts discussing meditation, philosophy and spiritual knowledge). Some scholars add a fifth category – the Upasanas. The texts of the Upanishads discuss ideas akin to the heterodox sramana-traditions.

Sanskrit Literature:

Sanskrit literature refers to texts composed in Sanskrit language since the 2nd-millennium BCE. Many of the prominent texts are associated with Indian religions, i.e., Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, and were composed in ancient India. However, others were composed central, East or Southeast Asia and the canon includes works covering secular sciences and the arts. Early works of Sanskrit literature were transmitted through an oral tradition for centuries before they were written down in manuscript form. Dramas, poems and stories were written in Sanskrit language in ancient India.

Pali Literature:

Pali literature is concerned mainly with Theravada Buddhism, of which Pali is the traditional language. The earliest and most important Pali literature constitutes the Pali Canon, the scriptures of Theravada school. From the 15th century onwards, Pali literature has been dominated by Burma, though some has also been written in Thailand, Laos and Cambodia, as well as Ceylon. This Burmese literature has in turn been dominated by writings directly or indirectly concerned with the Abhidhamma Pitaka, the part of the Canon variously described as philosophy, psychology, metaphysics etc.

Sangam Literature:

The Sangam literature, sometimes referred to as the Cankam literature or Koodal literature connotes the ancient Tamil literature and is the earliest known literature of South India. The Tamil tradition and legends link it to three literary gatherings around Madurai (Pandyan capital): the first over 4,440 years, the second over 3,700 years, and the third over 1,850 years before the start of the common era. Scholars consider this Tamil tradition-based chronology as ahistorical and mythical. Some of these scholars suggest the historical Sangam literature era spanned from c. 300-BCE to 300-CE while others variously place this early classical Tamil literature period a bit later and more narrowly but all before 300 CE.

Indian Persian Literature:

During the early Muslim period, Persian became the official language of the northern part of Indian subcontinent, used by most of the educated and the government. The language had, from its earliest days in the 11th century AD, been imported to the subcontinent by various culturally Persianised Central Asian-Turkic and Afghan dynasties.^[28] Several Indians became major Persian poets later on, the most notable being Amir Khusro and, in more modern times, Muhammad Iqbal. Much of the older Sanskrit literature was also translated into Persian. For a time, it remained the court language of the Mughals, soon to be replaced by Urdu. Persian still held its status, despite the spread of Urdu, well into the early years of the British rule in India. Most British officials had to learn Persian on coming to India and concluded their conversations in Persian. In 1837, however, the British, in an effort to expand their influence, made a government ruling to discontinue the use of Persian and commence the use of English instead. Thus started the decline of Persian as most of the subcontinent’s official governmental language, a position to be taken up by the new language of the British Raj, English. Many modern Indian languages still show signs of relatively heavy Persian influence, most notably Urdu and Hindi.

Paytm removed from play store: Payment app accused of playing fantasy cricket; Google said – Paytm broke our rules

Priya Yadav,

The famous digital payment service app Paytm has been removed from the Google Play Store (Paytm removed from Google play store). According to reports, Paytm’s app was in violation of some of Google’s policies. Paytm said in a statement that customers can continue using his app and their money is safe. However, other apps of Paytm such as Paytm Money and Paytm Mall are still intact on Google Play.
Google does not allow any type of gambling or betting app on its platform. The user was being redirected from Paytm’s app to a betting app. Google had earlier issued notice to Paytm developers. But with no action, the company has finally removed the app.
Paytm said don’t worry
After removing the app from the Play Store, Paytm’s favor has also come. In a tweet, the company has asked users not to be disturbed. The tweet said, “Paytm’s Android app is temporarily unavailable for new downloads or updates on Google’s Play Store. It will be available again soon. All your money is absolutely safe and you can use your Paytm app normally Can use it.
Google said – no online casinos are allowed

Google has said that it cannot allow illegal gambling, facilitating online casinos and sports betting. Suzanne Frey, vice president of Google’s product, Android Security and Privacy, said in a blog post, “When an app violates these policies, we inform the developer. The app is removed from the Play Store until the developer makes changes as per the policy.

Paytm is also competing with Google Pay

Paytm is one of the big startups in the country. Paytm also has a direct competition from Google’s payment platform Google-Pay. Paytm’s revenue has increased to Rs 3 thousand 629 crore in the financial year 2019-20 ended on 31 March.

Offer to win up to 5 crore paytm cash

According to the information available on the FAQ (frequently asked questions) on the website of Paytm First Games, Paytm Cash can win up to Rs 5 crore in a player’s special tournament on Paytm First Games. Apart from this, there are other cash prizes for players. Rummy, fantasy, Ludo, and other types of multi-player games can be played on this platform. According to the website, players can win up to one lakh rupees daily in an exclusive tournament.

Other Paytm apps still exist on Play Store

Google has only removed the Paytm payment app from the Play Store. Other Paytm apps are still available on the Play Store. This includes Paytm Mall, Paytm for Business, Paytm Money, Paytm Instore Orders, Paytm Insider, and Paytm Store Manager.

Big shock for Paytm before IPL

Paytm recently launched the Paytm First Games app, considering the popularity of IPL. Paytm had targeted to raise more than 100 million users during the IPL through its gaming. The company had planned to host more than 200 live events over the next 6 months. Paytm made cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar the brand ambassador of Paytm First Games this week. There are more than 50 games available on Paytm First.

Vaccination and COVID-19

How long has it been since we went to school met our friends or had a family dinner at some restaurant? Since March 2020, we have all been advised to stay home and sanitise ourselves in order to stay safe. Sanitizers and masks have been added to our daily use products, all because of one tiny yet dangerous virus Covid-19!

The world is now waiting anxiously for a vaccine against this dreaded virus. Researchers around the world are working round the clock to develop vaccines to combat the pandemic. Currently, more than 165 vaccines against the corona virus are under process and 27 vaccines are undergoing human trials. Vaccines typically require years of research and testing before reaching the clinic. Today, scientists all over the world are racing to produce a safe and effective vaccine by next year.

• When did the efforts start

Efforts to make a successful Covid-19 vaccine began in January 2020 with the deciphering of the SARS-CoV -2 genome. The first vaccine safety trials in humans started in March but the road ahead remains uncertain. Some trials will fail and others may end without a clear result. But a few may succeed in stimulating the immune system to produce effective antibodies against the virus.

• India and vaccine against Covid-19

Like many other countries, India too is immersed in the efforts to develop successful vaccines to counter Covid-19. Thirty different Indian companies are trying to produce a vaccine to fight the infection. 7 out of these have received approval from the World Health Organization. These vaccines are in different stages of testing and clinical trials now.

COVAXIN

COVAXIN is developed by Hyderabad based Bharat Biotech International Limited in collaboration with ICMR and NIV, Pune. This is the first vaccine from India to get regulatory approval. The vaccine makes us an inactive version of a virus to spike up production of antibodies in the host body. It recently initiated Phase I and Phase II of clinical testing.

ZyCoV-D

ZyCoV-D is being developed by Zydus Cadila based in Ahmedabad. The Phase I trials of the vaccine have already begun. Extensive research was done regarding the same in collaboration with medical labs in Europe and US.

• Russia and vaccine against Covid-19

Russia is one of the countries worst affected by Covid-19. The country has been pushing extensively for a Covid-19 vaccine for quite some time now; Russia too is a part of the race to produce the world’s first Covid vaccine. It is possible that Russia would be ready with its first domestic corona virus vaccine soon. The clinical trials were conducted by the Gamaleya National Research centre of Epidemiology and microbiology. There seem to be no reports of side effects on the volunteers. All the participants showed immunity and the country is planning for the serial production of the vaccine by September. By the beginning of next year, Russia hopes to manufacture several million doses of corona virus vaccines per month.

• Oxford University’s efforts to develop a vaccine

The university of Oxford has partnered with AstraZeneca, a British-Swedish pharmaceutical company to develop an adenovirus vector vaccine to combat Covid-19. The vaccine prototype is currently in Phase III of testing. Trials of the vaccine developed by Oxford University show it can trigger an immune response. The vaccine which has so far been found to be safe and effective is expected to be made available for the masses by the end of 2020. This vaccine would also be the first such vaccine to have a large scale testing in India. The observatory data for this vaccine is expected to be available by November this year. The company has tied up with Pune based serum institute of India to mass produce the vaccine once the company gets required approvals and licensing from medical boards.

• Some methods used to make vaccines for Covid-19

Different scientists across the world try different techniques and formulas to develop vaccines. The Oxford researchers have put small sections of the corona virus genetic code into a harmless virus that infects chimpanzees. They appear to have developed a safe virus that looks enough like the corona virus to produce an immune system. Some other scientists have used pieces of raw genetic code, either DNA or RNA. When these are injected into the body it would start producing bits of viral proteins which the immune system can learn to fight. There is also work on corona virus vaccines called ‘plug and play’ vaccines. This method is new and less tested.

Thank you for reading. Have a nice day!🌼

Google explains the reason for removing Paytm from Play Store

Paytm has been removed from the Play Store and now users are not able to download this payment app

The popular mobile payment application Paytm has been deleted from the Google Play Store. After which the users cannot download this app from the play store. However, if you already have the Paytm app downloaded then you can use it, but this app cannot be downloaded. At the same time, Google has given the reason to delete Paytm.

After deleting Paytm, now Google has given the reason for this. Google said in its statement, ‘We do not allow any type of online casino nor do we support unregulated gambling apps that promote sports betting. It also includes all the apps that send customers links to websites where they can win money or cash prizes in paid tournaments and this is a violation of our policies. ‘

On the removal of Paytm from the app store, Product Security and Privacy Vice President Susan Frye of Android Security has released a statement. “We do not allow online casinos of any kind nor support unregulated gambling apps that promote sports betting. This includes apps that direct customers to external websites where you can win real money or cash prizes in paid tournaments, it is a violation of our policies. “

Google states that ‘Our policy is applicable to all developers and if anyone violates our policies, we notify them and remove the app from the Play Store. We can take more serious action by repeatedly violating policies. Apps that violate the rules will not be given space on the play store. ‘

Paytm gave statement

Paytm has explained to its users that this app has not been available for download on the Google Play Store for some time but we will return soon. All your money is absolutely safe and you can use your Paytm app normally.

Available on App Store

Remember that Android phone users cannot download Paytm from Google Play Store. While this app for iPhone users is still available to download on the App Store.

Friend-ship is the best ship to sail on!!

Friendship isn’t a big thing, it’s a million things. Friendship is an understanding between individuals with an implied mutual agreement to stand by each other at all times. The significance of “friends” can never be replaced. You always need friends to grow, to laugh ,to enjoy, to share and to care. It is all about whom you wanna run to when you are happy and sad. Friends are irreplaceable. They are the ones who encourage your presence, who are more than happy when you achieve something and they are equally sad when you face a failure.

The need for being loved and affiliation is with everyone. Nobody can stay alone and nobody wants to either. When two people click together it is where the bond starts. Lucky are those who have friends and that too real friends.Who do not pretend to be your friend but are true at heart. The friendship gets stronger with time you build trust and compatibility. For any relation to be successful understanding, trust, compatibility are the most important. Because otherwise there is a famous saying that a mobile without sim and a friendship without trust is the same,in both cases people play games. It is also not necessary to say that time is the accurate measure of a strong friendship it is the moments that you spend together counts.

Friends are partners in crime. Whether it be eating lunch between the lecture or bunking the lecture. Whether it is planning to get absent from school or standing outside the classroom for a common punishment. To celebrating birthday parties to career success parties, to watching the sunset or enjoying night outs, friends cherish them all. We think we are having fun but all we do is making memories. You tease each other but you will never let anybody ele tease your friend, you will fight with each other but you will never let anybody else get into a fight with your friend. This is what is friendship. Asking your best friend about what she is wearing for the party or stealing her bobby pins, it’s all these little things that make a big difference.

But there are times when you come across certain people called frenemies. Friends on your face but enemies behind and trust me they are more dangerous than your enemies. Because here you trust them and they betray you. It is said don’t fear the enemy that attacks you but fear the fake friend who hugs you. They use you for their own benefit and and only smile to your face but inside they just envy you and your success. “KAPTI MITR” is something synonymous to a frienemy.

Nevertheless, friends are an integral part of life and it is difficult to stay without them. As you grow older your friendship matures and there will also be times when you will not be able to contact your best of friends daily but then there will be an existence of a mutual understanding. Where your friends know that you people are grown ups and are just a call away. Even if you meet after a week nothing changes you will sill be the same crackpots you were.

So always choose your friends wisely. Focus on quality rather than quantity.Keep the ones that heard you when you never said a thing. Just like “tune jo na kaha mai vo suntan raha” because that is what friends do not only feel but also listen your emotions. When they realize the pain behind your smile ,when they can look straight to your face and tell that something is wrong with you. They read between the lines. And if they don’t may be you need to rethink on your choice of “friends”.

Construction of a Conscious Youth & Society

Article by – Shishir Tripathi
Intern at Hariyali Foundation
In collaboration with
Educational News

In the present times where unnecessary issues are given extra weightage or extra attention by social media houses and the news channels, it has become so important for the youth, for the country men to open up their eyes and start discussing and focusing upon the Vital issues.

Now, what are these vital issues? Some learned people will argue that vital issues for different people are altogether different so the person writing such an article can affix some vital issues for the entire society. This article should be read upon as a piece of informative writing that will be helpful for the nation, for the economy and for the society.

At present, after the slowdown that lasted in the economy in the last quarter of the year 2019 and in the starting of 2020, the economy has really survived a lot. And as the economy was ready to get up and move upon with sane speed as earlier, Corona virus came into the scene and turned the situation even more pathetic. The Nationwide lockdown that happened in the country for slowing down the speed of the virus, turned to be an evil for the employment of daily-wage workers. Workers and laborers are thrown out of the job and due to no work; the unemployed population of the nation is falling into the dark ocean of Depression and Anxiety.

On July 1, 2020, the Railway Ministry announced that 151 trains in 109 pairs of routes will be operated by private sectors. The vital issues like privatization of Indian Railways are needed to be discussed by the youth and the government should be asked by the youth that what are the motives and the vision of the government behind this privatization.

In the monsoon session of the parliament, there was no question hour in the parliament. Question Hour is the first hour of a sitting session of India’s Lok Sabha devoted to questions that Members of Parliament raise about any aspect of administrative activity. The concerned Minister is obliged to answer to the Parliament, either orally or in writing, depending on the type of question raised. Now there will be no one to question the government in its proceedings and actions. It’s like a free hand to government to o anything, anytime without anyone to question it.

The Corona patients are worst hit during these days. The hospitals are not admitting the new patients by arguing the unavailability of beds or ventilators. The middle and lower middle class has to run from one hospital to other but nobody cares because the politicians and the rich people are sitting in their air conditioned cars and offices. Who cares?

Same goes for the fourth pillar of the democracy, the Media. At present, almost 90% of the News channels are focusing upon their TRPs by showing news on unnecessary topics and silly rhyming news. It’s like a brain wash of the people that the media is doing by showing such pathetic news, that too one sided. The news channels and media houses never get tired of praising the governments in power and always news that is in the right of the ruling party. It, like the news has become so toxic to hear that even some people are planning to close their TV sets jut because of the disgusting and useless news debates and all the noise that occurs on the News channels.

No one is at present talking about the issues discussed above. Whether people have started fearing that discussing such issues will make them unwanted by the so called ideal society at present.

Hence, it is an alarming situation for the Indian youth and get up and hold the command of the Nation so that the basic essence of India should not get lost just in the name of advancements and important(in actually silly and unimportant) news. It’s the time to save the nation and the natural heritage too. It’s the time to save India from being psychologically enslaved, politically subjugated and culturally disarmed.

Healthy politics is needed to be played by the leaders so that they can build a new India even stronger with stronger beliefs and ethics.
It’s the time to wake up India and stand for the rights of the nation and the rights of the society.

Youth and Mental Health!…

We follow a typical pattern while growing up a girl child or a boy child. When a boy becomes a man, he is supposed to take up all the responsibilities and earn money. When a girl grows up, she is supposed to complete the education and get married. So we all live and apply this ancient but not practical philosophy.
When a boy grows up, there might be a possibility that he wants to study more or explore his hobby or do some social work. When it’s about a girl, then also it’s possible that she wants to make time for her career first and be independent. But we as a society never go this way. We keep on burdening kids since childhood with this typical philosophy. In a way, we snatch away things they really want to do. We even forget that humans work better in a job they love to do.
When they do some other task or life event, this frustration keeps on building up. Always remember frustration is nothing but the beginning of the depression. The youth can do wonders for the nation but are in the place not of their choice. I know money is important, marriage is important but not more than life. People harm themselves not to get married or forced for some work. We hear this every day. But this stereotype makes us ignore mental health. We only focus on pointing out the age and social or economical status. Look he’s 25, still earns nothing, look she’s 25, yet not married. But who are we to judge anyone. It’s totally their personal choice what they want to do and at what age. Even families fear of what people will say and keep poking their kids for career or a marriage. Few take it in a casual way but there are many who fall prey to depression in all this. Expectations, demand vs the failures, such battle begins. With each failure, a person moves deeper into the valley of depression. The feeling that I’m not good enough comes in to add more into it.
Every human takes birth for some reason. Everyone is one of a kind. God never creates garbage. So instead of putting someone under the burden of expectations, we can help them. A man or woman herself should understand what’s good or bad for her. This generation is extra sensitive, they go deep inside everything. They also need to change their attitude handling failures. Failures, criticism, taunts are a part of life and a license to grow. Keep them at their places and focus on your work. Don’t let it eat your head. Work hard, take a stand for yourself, be brave, be confident and everything will fall at its place. Always remember worrying or crying can’t ever be the solution. Life can never be a smooth road, there will be ups and downs for sure and these ups and downs only make it interesting otherwise a flat line doesn’t mean human alive.

Leadership

Leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act toward achieving a common goal. In a business setting, this can mean directing workers and colleagues with a strategy to meet the company’s needs.Leadership in business is the capacity of a company’s management to set and achieve challenging goals, take fast and decisive action when needed, outperform the competition, and inspire others to perform at the highest level they can.It can be difficult to place a value on leadership or other qualitative aspects of a company, versus quantitative metrics that are commonly tracked and much easier to compare between companies. Leadership can also speak to a more holistic approach, as in the tone a company’s management sets or the culture of the company that management establishes.Leadership is setting and achieving goals, tackling the competition, and solving problems decisively and quickly.Leadership also refers to the tone a company’s management sets in terms of the corporate culture.

Leadership has nothing to do with management
In the business world, we often equate “leadership” and “management.” We tend to recognize upper-management as the leaders of our organization. But the fact of the matter is that the two concepts have almost nothing to do with each other. Good managers can be terrible leaders, and not every leader possesses the practical skills to make a solid manager.Leadership can be present at any level of an organization, from the entry-level associate to the CEO. That’s one of the most powerful aspects of leadership: it’s open to everyone. All it takes is a willingness to raise your hand and the capability to inspire others to reach their potential.

Directing
The function of directing is linked with leadership, motivation, communication, and supervision to ensure that employees perform their activities in the most efficient manner, to achieve the desired goals.The leadership element includes giving instructions and guiding the team members about methods and procedures.The communication has to be open both ways to ensure that the information can be passed to the team members and their feedback can be received as well.Motivation is very important. The highly motivated people show outstanding performance with minimum direction from their superiors.Supervising team members leads to continuous progress reports as well as assure the superiors that the directions are being followed properly.

Simple is Better
Communication involves the exchange of information between the speaker and the listener. Employing effective communication skills allows you to teach, guide, manage and direct those who look to you for support. Complex messages may go unheard due to the listener’s inability to understand the message. Effective leaders must transmit complex messages in simple terms to achieve message clarity. This process also involves listening to the receiver to understand how to formulate the message.

Leaders must always be learners
There’s no magical level of leadership acumen you can attain that allows you to stop working at it. The workplace itself is a dynamic place, now more than ever; changing mindsets and innovative technologies and trends create an ever-evolving work environment. Workplace leaders who don’t commit to evolving alongside that environment will quickly stagnate.Making a commitment to bettering yourself as a leader is also a commitment to bettering those around you. If you’re passionate about becoming an effective leader, don’t ever let yourself become complacent.

Be Real
Good leaders deal with the illness, not the symptoms. Understand that short-term solutions guarantee the recurrence of the problem. Leaders must face reality, recognize their role in the crisis and understand that bad can turn worse. Anticipate and restructure for the worse to stay ahead. Use a crisis as building tool to get things done.

Leadership is a team sport
The very notion of a leader places someone on their own, separate from the pack, motivating and guiding the other members of a team. But leadership is not a solo endeavor. The essence of leadership is acting through others. It cannot be done or achieved in a vacuum.To truly succeed as a leader, you need the capacity to empathize and identify with those around you. You have to learn to interact with unique individuals in unique ways in order to connect and collaborate with them effectively.

Confidence
To be an effective manager, you need to be confident in your skills, experience, and decisions. It does not mean that you should be arrogant or feel that you are better than your employees. It means you are part of management for a reason and you should be proud of it and be an inspiration for your team members.

True leadership sees where the company is headed and plans the steps needed to get there. Visualizing what is possible, following trends in the industry, and taking risks to grow the business are all required of leaders.Productive leadership shows optimism and provides positive energy for staff. Good leaders are supportive and are truly concerned about the well-being of others. Leaders find answers to challenges and reassure and inspire workers when things go awry. Leaders find ways for staff to work together and achieve maximum results in an efficient and effective manner.

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