Category: Economy

Happiness

Happiness is a state of mind which we possess when something good happens to us and we feel that goodness at our heart. This is an abstract feeling which is not materialistic and cannot be bought by money or some other possession. Happiness brings with itself a lot of positivity and also provides us with the motivation to go ahead and achieve other milestones. Happiness also maintains the zeal and enthusiasm for doing things and experiencing new paths. Happy state of mind also increases the age of people and lets them live a longer life.

Happiness is a key to healthy life; it sets a soul free and encourages it to explore the world and also gives us power. Happiness is a part of being successful in life it is that fruit which we all want to grow and thus we do so much of hard work throughout our entire life so that we can live a happy peaceful life after all. Happiness cannot be ever faked it comes straight out from our heart and it is priceless. At the end of a hard-earned day all we care for is some peace and happiness in our families and ourselves so that we can start another fresh day ahead.

4 levels of Happiness :

” Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence” . Of course, there are a number of different types of happiness and each person has different things in life that make them happy and unhappy. It is important for people to be self- aware and to truly understand what makes them happy and content as individuals. Take a look at the different types of happiness below and think about the things in your life that maku you happy.

There are main types of happiness, these being related to; pleasure, passion and purpose.

Pleasure :

Pleasure is important to us human beings but its related benefits are relatively short term. A delicious meal, a nice meeting with friends or listening to our favourite music all produce endorphins and offerus happy moments that can be the highlights of our day. However, these singular moments don’t equate to long- term satisfaction.

Passion :

Being passionate about something whether a hobby cause or group activity and actively being involved with it can be a great source of happiness. These activites deliver contentment in the medium term and provide a sense of achievement and variety in life

Purpose :

Feeling like you are part of something bigger than yourself and that your actions will really matter can lead to a deep sense of fulfillment and long- term happiness. We all like to think that our lives have menaing and if you can find your ” calling” or be part of great team, group or organisation that are making a difference then chances are you will be truly happy.

Ultimate Good :

The fourth level of happiness is known as ultimate good. This is a fundamental desire we have as human beings for perfect truth, goodness beauty and love . Many people find this form of happiness through their religious beliefs. Even those who don’t believe in a higher power can find happiness in their pursuit of truth, beauty, love and goodness in themselves and in helping others. This level is happiness is often considered the most enduring and profound.

Different types of Happiness :

1. Joy :

Joy is when you win a hard- fought competition, you finally accomplish a project you’ve wanted to or times when you doible over in uncontrolled laughter when someone relates a hilarious story. Joy makes you feel great about yourself, makes you feel confident, assertive, capable, loved and fulfilled.

The feeling of joy is fleeting joy is presemt at the moment. It is possible to feel joy despite grief or uncertainty. Happiness can be found in many things. It transforms tough times into blessimgs and turns heartache into gratitude.

2. Love :

Second, on the list pf different types of happiness is love. Which means other things to different people still, a wholesome ,reciprocared love with another person seems to be the fundamental predictor of happiness. Here, we are not just talking about romantic love, it means to love with friends and family, as well as partners. When you’re in love, you’ re blissfully happy all the time.

3. Contentment :

The secret of Happiness is contentment which means a state of happiness or satisfaction . It isn’t a matter of being satisfied with what you have. Contentment not only holds the power tobmake you happy, but it will transforms your life in many ways.

4. Optimism :

Optimism is a type of happiness that reflects the belief that events or experience outcomes will generally be positive. The key to attaining happiness is to have an optimistic approach to life, as optimism reflects hope and faith, helping people believe that this world is the right place

5. Gratitude :

Gratitude creates positive emotions, like different types of happiness, joy, love, and contentment, it can undo the hold of negative emotions. It goes hand in hand with mindfulness in its focous on the present and greatfulness for what we have now, rather than wanting more and more.

6. Excitment :

Excitment can be anything from about a new job or moving to a different place and motivates youbto work harder and channel that positive energy into more constructive activity. Excitements is fleeting. It dissipates rather quickly and can turn into ennui. It sometimes acts as a motivating factor , and execitment often leads people to likely make a decision. Even a bad one as excitment leads to impulsivity.

7. Pride :

Last on the list of different types of happiness is pride. Yes, pride and happiness go hand in hand. You can take pride in your work and your family, your haome and yourself, and in anything you put effort, attention, and love into. It is a positive feeling in reactive to a jouous event.

There are 7 essential keys to happiness and success that will help to materialize both those things in your life:

* Gratitude.

* Be present

* Manage time Effectively

* Set smarter Goals

* Embody an Empowering morning Routine

* Tackle the MITs

* Focus on Health and wellbeing.

To get the most bang for the happiness buck, I’ve realized that I should complete four stages of reveling in a moment of happiness :

* Anticipate with pleasure.

* Savor the moment as I experience it,

* express my happiness to myself or others,

* reflect on a happy memory.

Four happy hormones :

* Dopamine

* serotonin

* Endorphins

* oxytocin

Strategies of Happiness :

* Do more activities that truely engage you

* savor life’s joy

* Learn to forgive

* Practice acts of kindness

* Nature relationships

* cultivate optimisim

* Avoid overthinking and social comparison

* Develop strategies for coping

STAY HAPPY 🤩AND KEEP SMILING ALWAYS😁 .BE HAPPY 🥳

PANDEMIC POVERTY AND ITS CAUSES IN INDIA

The word poverty itself kind of making me feel poor. Because that one word alone hold so much pain, sympathy, empathy and so on. Then think about the people who are suffering from poverty. The country we live in is known to be well developing nation with respectable economic growth. But at the same time the poverty is still a major problem.

Especially during this pandemic poverty has hit people in different ways. Middle and lower class people who has managed to survive at the start of the pandemic have completely lost their will to survive in the end. We even heard of some sensitive news that people died of covid not being able to get treated without any access to money. Still some people couldnt able to get food and shelter.

WHAT IS POVERTY?

Poverty refers to a situation when people are deprived of basic needs of life. It is often characterized by inadequacy of food, shelter and clothes. A state of situation when there is a lack of essential needs of subsistence. The study of poverty is a complex one because there is no easy way, or standard definition of who is poor or who is not. The living conditions of people has been widely used to get an idea of their situation. It is situation when someone experience a fundamental loss in well being.

According to Human Rights Commission’s Report, Poverty is seen “As a failure to meet the basic needs or to remain deprived from such needs is a state of poverty. The basic human need include not only food, clothing and dwelling, but also health and education’.

CAUSES:

The continuous problem of poverty in the country is the results of many factors and need to be identified in order to be addressed properly.

1. POPULATION BURDEN:

The growth of population in the country has till now exceeded the growth of economy and also ended up in poverty. India is known to be second most populated country in the world. But this Covid-19 has taken many lives that even may be our loved ones. In this pandemic, in rural areas, size of the family is bigger and that means in lowering the per capita income values and ultimately lowering of standard of living. Still the population is one of the major causes of poverty.

2. POOR AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE:

Agriculture is the backbone of India and Indian economy. But old farming practices, lack of proper irrigation infrastructure, lack of knowledge of crop handling has affected the productivity. Sometimes lack of working lead to decreased wages become the reason for attaining daily needs of the labourers family pushing them into poverty. Pandemic have locked us all inside the home. But for the farmers they are being seperated from their soul, their farming land which feeds them and also us.

3. UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS:

This occurs with the economy changing directions rapidly. Upper and middle income groups sees a faster increase in earnings than lower income groups. Also assets like cattle, land are distributed disproportionately among the population. In India it is said that 80% of the wealth is controlled by 20% of the population.

4. UNEMPLOYMENT: 

Another big factor which is the cause of poverty in the country. Many youngsters without the job become the major cause of the poverty. Work from home for the people with jobs sounds good to earn and feed their family but what about the people who are unemployed. Even before the covid there were no proper jobs for youngster in the nation.

5. INFLATION:

Inflation is an increase in prices of goods overlapping with the fall in the purchasing value of money. After the long lockdown, the Government has permitted to open the particular stores. This made the consumers to sell the products with a little higher price. Upper and middle class people have survived the situation but lower class people have suffered a lot.

5. EDUCATION AND LITERACY:

Online classes have  become the normal classes. In rural areas, families have managed to provide their child or children the proper education. But not all have enough money to provide their kids education some only have enough resources to feed their children. They have to prefer food than education. Children started to contribute to families by taking up the jobs. On the other hand, lack of education and illiteracy prevent individuals from getting better paying jobs and they get stuck at jobs offering minimum wages.

7. LACK OF SKILLED LABOURS:

Lack of adequate vocational training makes the huge labour force available in India largely unskilled. Lack of education, much lesser higher education is also a factor.

8.GENDER INEQUALITY:

The weak status attached with women, deep rooted social criticism and force fitting, being dominated renders about 50% of the country’s population unable to work. The women of the family as a dependent that needs to be fed instead of contributing to the family income. There is no need to talk about their equality during this situation.

The pandemic also brought out many good wills to help the people suffering from poverty. Its all in the hands of future generation to create a poverty less nation. We are not talking about to give away all your money to poor but just one hand helping another hand. Stay away from corruption.

START YOUR OWN BUSINESS PART-2

From the previous article, we learned about how important passion and profession are. What are the simplest ways to earn money from some of the businesses and most probably with the lowest investments. In this part, we will uproot some more businesses which can give you a stable income and highly demanded fields.

BAKING BUSINESS:

Baking business is one of the simplest ways to earn money. If you are great at cooking and love to bake this will be the best way for you to follow your passion. You can bake different types of delicious cakes. People always would love to have homemade foods and things. Thus, they will crave cakes too… You can even start this in your kitchen with a regular oven and other materials. You can even do chocolates, cookies. Sweets are the best to gift someone. Thus, there will be no negative statements to this idea. If you are also a creative person you can decorate and wrap them beautifully to attract the audience.

BOOK MERCHES:

Book merches are none other than book-related things and products. for Example, If you are a fan of The Chronicles of Narnia books or movies You can create some bookish merch which is related to the theme of NARNIA. Like, A printed coffee mug with a book theme (A famous quote or picture of the characters in the mug), enamel pins with the image of The Lion Aslan. Badges with the images or the quotes from the books. Postcards stamps, T-shirts even you can do a scarf with the quotes like a newspaper look. Most of the readers would love to have them in their showcase as well as in their Book photographs. And you can sell, key chains, bookmarks, bags, wallets, book sleeves, tote bags, Polaroids photos, watches necklace rings anything and everything related to books. There is a huge demand for these things among book bloggers and collectors. Especially, if you did customized products.

WORKSHOPS:

Conducting workshops is merely like teaching online or offline. It depends on your comfort zone. If you know any of the passions that are mentioned above or upcoming ideas or even any other related ideas you can do them to start your own workshop. For example, If you know mandala artworks you can teach them online or offline and for teaching them you can collect some amount as tuition fees. Remember, teaching is one of the precious Jobs in the whole world knowledge is not free. Even though if it comes free it’s not easy to teach someone. You should have some passion for teaching. And you should provide notes instructions videos and other requirements about the Art that you want to teach. Some of the ideas that you can carry out, if you know any of examples like, Journal makings, skincare products making, baking, Fashion designings, paper making, language skills if you have any bilingual skills like, German, French, Spanish, English, and Japanese, etc You can teach them and can get loads of money. Because students love learning new languages and there is a huge demand for bilingual People.


If you have passion for anything from the above… Start to develop the skill to take up as a passionate business. Most of the billionaires started from nothing. If they can why you can’t? If you can’t then who can? Let’s make our passions into actions.

Unemployment

Unemployment has become one of the biggest problems around the world. When an individual is an implied, he or she will know very less about the mankind. It is so difficult to face situation and handle situations when the individual is unemployed. Unemployment leads to many silly mistakes. And an unemployed person cannot take over the family and lead the family as well. There is a huge competition in highly populated countries like India. In order to be employed, the only method is to study hard and improve the skills and score better. Basically, the students are not showing good amount of interest towards the studies. Let us now see how to motivate them.

Covid crisis has made many people unemployed. It has taken away the basic need of living. Many people are left with the unfilled stomachs. Some people are dead about by not finding a way to live.

Types of unemployment :

There are four main types of unemployment in an economy frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal and each has a different cause.

1. Frictional unemployment :

Frictional unemployment is caused by temporary transitions in workers lives, such as when a worker moves to a new city and has to find a new job. Frictional unemployment also includes people just entering the labor force, such as freshly graduated college students. It is the most common cause of unemployment, and it is always in effect in an economy.

2. Structural unemployment :

Structural unemployment is caused by a mismatch in the demographics of workers and the types of jobs available, either when there are jobs available that workers don’t have the skills for, or when there are workers availabes but no jobs to fill. Structural unemployment is most obvious in industries undergoing technological advancements.

3. Cyclical unemployment :

Cyclical unemployment is caused by declining demand. When there is not enough demand in an economy for goods and services, businesses cannot offer jobs . According to keynesian economics , cyclical unemployment is a natural result of the business cycle in times of recession: if all consumers become fearful at once, consumers will attempt to increase their saving at the same time, which means there will be a decrease in spending, and businesses will not be able to employ all employable workers.

4. Seasonal unemployment :

Seasonal unemployment is caused by different industries or parts of the labor market being available during different seasons. Fot instance, unemployment goes up in the winter months, because many agricultural jobs end oncr crops are have harvested in the fall, and those wotkers are left to find new jobs.

Consequences of unemployment in an Economy :

Low unemployment is key to economic stability High and long- term unemployment can cause significant stress on a nation in three key areas.

* Individuals :

Unemployed people have no ability to fulfill their financial obligations and can become mentally stressed, ill, and even homeless.

* Economic efficiency :

During times of high unemployment many job seekers will accept new jobs below their skill level, a situation called “underemployment ” which translates to a loss of human capital for an economys labor market. Unemployed workers will also significantly decreases their consumer spending, which is one of the driving forces of economic growth. Without consumer spending, the economy will slow dramatically.

* socio- political stability :

If unemployment remains high, citizen dissatisfaction can rise to the point of widespread civil unrest.

Possible solutions for Unemployment :

Solving unemployment is a hotly debated topic, and no economists agree on one simple way to do it. However, in the U.S ,if unemployment rises noticeably, the government usually steps in with specific policies designed to lower the total number of unemployed people.

1. Monetary policy :

Monetary policy is financial influence implemented by a central bank . Monetary policies usually come in the form of lower interest rates, which increase the total money supply within an economy by allowing banks and businesses more access to loans and therefore, more accessible spending power.

2. Fiscal policy :

If expansionary monetary policy doesn’t adequately lower the unemployment rate government agencies will turn to fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is fiscal stimulus implemented by the national government and fiscal policies include spending on infrastructure, proposingtax cuts , increasing the minimum wage, or implementing unemployment benefits. These methods are designed to inject more demand into private economy and strengthen economic activity.

Let us now see some of the ways to motivate the students to study and get employeed.

• Make things easier :

Showing the things easier and explaining them with clarity helps the students to show better interest on the subject and makes them to pay more attention on what the teacher is trying to convey. When the topics are shown easier for the students, they start learning them and they feel achieved and they pay more attention to study. When a student learns a particular topic or a question, he/she feels comfortable and happy for getting it. Once if they start reading, they develop the interest in them and they continue to read more and more.

• Tell the importance :

The students must be motivated with good number of words to understand the need of studying and what happens if they don’t study. A student is like a bird without the wings when they don’t study. So, it is very important to motivate students to study and to make them understand the need of the situation. Motivation brings the right change in the students who are not interested in learning. It develops the interest in them to study.

It seems good if the government provides good number of jobs.

Brazilian economy is in a “jobless recovery” following a spike in inflation

According to a Reuters poll, the Brazilian economy will continue to experience a so-called “jobless recovery” following this year’s inflation spike, while forecasts for recovery in Mexico appear stronger amid concerns about a possibly tougher monetary policy in the United States.

On the outside, Brazil’s macroeconomic picture appears to have improved as consumers shake off the COVID-19 epidemic, firms experience a resurgence of M&A activity, and the agriculture industry flourishes on huge international demand. Recent increases in GDP estimates, however, are at conflict with a number of issues. Rising inflation, which is presently the major topic, is expected to be followed by consistently high levels of joblessness into next year’s national elections in Brazil.

Because the economy will need some more time to reabsorb people and restore jobs, average unemployment is estimated to stay in the double digits this year, reaching around 13.6 percent. The rising unemployment rate will restrain services inflation, which accounts for nearly 40% of the headline figure.

According to the median estimate of 20 economists surveyed between July 5 and July 13, Brazil’s average jobless rate for 2021 was projected at a record 14.2 percent in the Reuters survey. This is in contrast to a large increase in GDP estimates.

According to a larger group of 40 respondents, Latin America’s No. 1 economy is expected to grow 5.1 percent in 2021, considerably above the relatively moderate 3.2 percent growth rate recorded in April’s survey. Inflation forecasts have also risen, reaching 6.5 percent from 5.1 percent in the previous quarter.

Many Brazilians have lost their livelihoods as a result of the virus. Many also point the finger to President Jair Bolsonaro’s pro-business stance. Other figures suggest robust employment creation, according to the government.

Bolsonaro and his expected opponent, former center-left President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, have not formally announced their candidacies yet, despite the fact that the 2022 presidential election remains just a year away.

President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador of Mexico, however, looks to be on a more solid foundation than his Brazilian counterpart. Although both are embroiled in corruption allegations, Lopez Obrador is under far less scrutiny. Similarly, Mexico’s economy is getting better, with stronger growth and relatively low inflation than that of Brazil. Mexico’s GDP and consumer pricing are anticipated to grow 5.9 percent and 5.1 percent this year, respectfully, compared to 4.7 percent and 3.9 percent in the April survey.

Mexicans are keeping a very close eye on the Federal Reserve of the United States’ intention to gradually phase off its massive assistance. Thus far, this has been welcomed positively from across the border, instead of as a hindrance to financial movements.

In contrast to a drop in Brazil’s anticipated growth in 2022 to 2.2 percent from 2.3 percent, the study predicts Mexico’s GDP would increase 2.9 percent next year, up from 2.5 percent in April.

Analysts at BBVA Mexico said in a statement that they have raised their 2022 GDP projection to 3.0 percent from 2.8 percent due to a better investment picture. This increase will most probably encourage formal private employment to return to pre-pandemic levels in 1Q22.”

Deserts

In the world we find varied geographical regions which includes mountains, plains, deserts, plateaus all with their own physical features. Desert is basically a piece of barren land which is filled with sand and lacks water bodies and have dry weather all along. In day time deserts are extremely heated up and at night it becomes chilling cold at the same place. In the Indian subcontinent we find desert in the western part of the subcontinent in the state of Rajasthan.

The animals and plants in the deserts have their own adaptations, among plants we find a variety of cactus, cactus plants have special adaptations to survive in the desert, they have fleshy stem which holds water in them which turns out to be useful when there is scarcity of water also they have very long roots which can penetrate deep inside the soil in search of water also they don’t have leaves and have thorns in place of them in cactus the food is prepared in the step as it contains chlorophyll and is green in color. Also, we find camel in desert their feet have adaptation to walk on the sand also they can survive with less water and they have long eyelashes to protect their eyes from dust storms.

Types of Deserts :

1. Coastal Deserts :

Coastal deserts occur in cool to warm areas along the coast. They have cool winters and long, warm summers. Coastal deserts are located on the west coasts of continents between 20° to 30° lattitude. Winds off the coast blows in an easterly pattern and prevents the moisture from moving onto the land. The Namib desert in Africa and the Atacama desert in chile are coastal deserts.

2. Subtropical Deserts :

Subtropical deserts the hottest deserts. They are found in Asia, Australia, Africa and North and south America. In the united states, the chilhuahuan, sonoran and Mojave are all subtropical deserts. Subtropical deserts are very hot and dry in the summner and cooler but still dry in the winter. Rainfall happens in short bursts. The air is so hot and dry in these deserts that sometimes rain evaportaes before it even has a chance to hit the ground. The soil in subtropical deserts is usually either sandy or coarse and rocky.

Plants and animals in subtropical deserts must be able to withstand the hot temperatures and lack of moisture. Shrubs and small trees in the subtropical desert usually have leaves adapted to retain moisture. Animals in sbtropical deserts are usually active at night, when it is cooler.

3. Cold wintet Deserts :

Cold winter deserts are also known as semiarid deserts . They have long, dry summers and cold winters with low rain or snowfall. In the united states the Great basin, the colorado plateau and the Red Desert are all cold winter deserts. Other cold winter deserts include the Gobi desert in china and Mongolia and the patagonian desert in Argentina. The lack of rainfall in cloud winter deserts is often caused by the rainshadow effect. The rainshadow effect happens when a high mountain range stops moisture from reaching an area. The Himalayan Mountain prevent rainfall from reaching the Gobi desert.

4. Ploar Deserts :

Polar deserts are found in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Like warmer deserts, they also get very little precipitation.polar deserts are cold year- round.

Largest Desert in the world :

The antarctic polar Desert, which makes up the vast majority of Antarctica, is the largest desert in the world. In fact this single desert is larger than the combined size of the Gobi Desert, the Arabian Desert, and the sahara Desert.

* The driest desert of the world Atacama is surely the most dangerous desert of all.

The strongest animal in the Desert :

Based on strength to weight ratio, the dung beetle of the scarab is the strongest creature on earth. They can lift 1141 times their own body weight. It helps them a lot in finding the mate and food. The dung beetles also constitute a large percentage of scarab family.

The 7 hardest Animals to Hunt :

* Leopards

* Mountain Goats.

* Elk

* Eland.

* cape Buffalo

* Roan and sable

* Bears.

what can kill you in the Desert?

Aside from the oppressive heat and lack of water, the desert is also full of critters that can bite and sting. Some of these guys can even kill you if you aren’t able to find medical help. Spiders, scorpions, centipedes, and snakes are all found in dark places , abandoned builidings and under rocks.

Most Famous Deserts :

* Namib Desert – Africa

* Atacama Desert – South Americs.

* sahara Desert – Africa

* Gobi Desert – china

* Mojave Desert – Nevada

* Antarctic Desert – Antarctica

* Sonoran Desert – USA

* Thar Desert – India

* Rub’al khali – saudi Arabia

* Tabernas Desert – spain

* Taklamakan Desert – central Asia

* pinnacles Desert – Australia

* Salar de uyuni Desert – Bolivia

* Dasht- e kavir – Iran

* Chihuahuan Desert –New Mexico

* White Desert, Farafra – Egypt

Plastic bags

We human beings are the one who is responsible for polluting our nature and thus in turn nature also takes its revenge through various calamities, diseases, pandemic and so on. We all know that pollution is mainly caused by non-biodegradable wastes and plastic is such a non-biodegradable product which we human beings use very frequently in our everyday life, starting from plastic bags to toys, containers, food packaging almost everything has the use of plastic in it and thus is also generates a lot of waste daily. Plastic being a non-biodegradable waste stays into the soil or water for years and does not decompose rather they choke animal and water creatures also restricts plant growth and leads even to their death sometimes when the roots get entangled into them. Non-biodegradable plastic waste if burnt emits toxic fumes which in turn causes severe air pollution and is extremely harmful for living beings. We have got so much use of plastic that we cannot completely stop the use of plastic we can reduce it to some extent. To save the nature and environment from pollution we can follow the 3R’s i.e., Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Recycling plastic is a great method which is even sustainable and can help us save our nature.

Package :

Several design options and features are available. Some bags have gussets to allow a higher volume of contents, special standup pouches have the ability to stand up on a shelf or a refrigerator, and some have easy opening or reclosable options. Handles are cut into or added into some. Bags can be made with a variety of plastics films. Polyethylene is the most common. Other forms, including laminates and co- extrusions can be used when the physical properties are needed. Plastics to create single use bags are primarly made with Fossil fuels. International plastic bag free day is celebrated on july 3.

Medical uses :

Plastic bags are used for many medical purposes. The non purpose quality of plastic film means that they are usefu for isolating infections body fluids ; other porous bags made of nonwoven plastics can be sterilized by gas and maintain this sterility. Bags can be made under regulated sterile manufactoring conditions ,so they can be used when the infection is a health risk. They are lightweight and flexiblr, so they can be carried by or laid next to patients without making the patients as uncomfortable as a heavy glass bottle would be. They are less expensive than re- usable options, such as glass bottles.

Flexible intermediate bulk container :

Flexible intermediate bulk containers are large industrial containers, usually used for bulk powders or flwables. They are usually constructed of women heavy-duty plastic fibers.

Plastic shopping bags :

Open bags with carrying handles are used in large numbers. Stores often provide them as a convience to shoppers. Some stores charge a nominal fee for a bag. Heavy duty reuseable shopping bags are often considered environmentally better than single use paper or plastic shopping bags. Because of envirpnmental a little problems, some locations are working toward a phase- out of lightweight plastic bags.

Danger to children :

Thin, comfortable plastic bags, especially dry cleaning bags, have the potential to cause suffocation. Because of this about 25 children in the united states suffocate each year due to plastic bags, almost nine- tenth of whom are under the age of one. This had led to voluntary warning lables on some bags posing a hazard to small children.

Uses :

Plastic bags are used for diverse applications. Bags of crisps, gardening supplies, bagging vegetables, blood platelets, inner bladder for bag-in – box , pastry bag with convenience closure, ostomy bag, bin bag, string bag made of plastic fibers, porous bag for cooking rice, Intravenous therapy, evidence bag, travel toiletries in a reclosable plastic bag, woven plastic fiber bags used for sand, A plastic body bag.

Different Types of plastic Bags :

* High Density polyethylene (HDPE)

* Low Density polyethylene ( LDPE)

* Linear Low Density Polyethylene ( LLDPE)

* Medium Density polyethylene (MDPE)

* polypropylene ( pp)

* The problem with plastic bags. Plastic bags start out as fossil fuels and end up as deadly waste in landfills and the ocean. Birds often mistakes shredded plastic bags for food, filling their stomachs with toxic debris.

WHAT IF 1RUPPEE IS EQUAL TO 1 DOLLAR ?

Before we get to that point we need to know the contrast between the two currencies. Dollar is considered as the strongest currency in the World. Each country in this World needs to have their cash as solid as Dollar since it is accepted that Stronger money = Stronger Economy. Be that as it may, is it in every case valid ? Since Countries like Japan and China have lower cash yet they are checked under nations with Strongest Economy.

So how is that conceivable that notwithstanding having the more fragile cash they have solid economy ? Fundamentally it relies upon , regardless of whether a nation is trade(export) orientated or import orientated ? The nations which purchases items or work from different nations are called import situated nations and these nations like to keep their money esteem higher so they can purchase merchandise from different nations at modest expense. Then again , nations which offer merchandise to different nations are called send out(export) orientated nations and these nations like to keep their cash esteem low so different nations purchase more and their creation builds which befits the economy. Nations like USA are import orientated while nations like China are trade orientated.

Currency - Overview, Origin, Foreign Exchange Trading

So what kind of nation is India is it import orientated or trade orientated ? India purchases products from different nations so it is significantly import orientated, yet larger part of India’s economy comes from exportation. India gives best specialists to I.T Sectors . At the point when organizations of different nations visit India they employ our people to work for them which consequently offers advantage to our economy. Numerous financial analyst accept that our economy ought to be more lower , while some accept that it ought to be higher.

india gdp growth: Indian economy to contract by 7 pc in FY21: SBI Research - The Economic Times

PROS OF THE SITUATION:

*With more grounded rupee imports would be less expensive; you could now get the most recent iPhone for only 1000 INR. So everybody would claim an iPhone if 1 USD rises to 1 INR.

*Purchasing products from different nations in a global market will be less expensive which is advantageous for a non-industrial nation.

*Unrefined petroleum costs would go down significantly which we import the most, in this way the cost of petroleum and diesel will fall making the transportation cost modest if 1 USD approaches 1 INR.

*As the transportation cost would diminish the items that are made in India would be less expensive and effectively accessible to purchase.

*One would not travel abroad for a task. For instance, in the event that they get 3000$ abroad that will simply be equivalent to 3000 INR. So why bother voyaging? Yet, there is another side to it as well.

CONS OF THE SITUATION:

*Full stop on sends out we can trade merchandise due to the money contrast. The fares will become costly and on the off chance that we contrast Indian items if and other cutthroat nations, we will turn out to be far more costly and this will hamper our fares which isn’t useful for our economy.

*No unfamiliar venture: unfamiliar organizations put resources into India because of modest work now if an organization used to pay the laborer Rs20000 that is 300$ now they need to pay them 20000$ so they would begin putting resources into different nations as opposed to in our own if 1 USD approaches 1 INR.

*We will confront financial closure and expansion in joblessness for instance if my organization beneficiaries a designer from India for Rs75000 that is around 1000$ and if 1INR = 1 $ for what reason will I pay quite a lot more to the Indian specialist when I have choices. In this way, the Indian laborers need to deal with less expense or leave the work. The equivalent would occur with different callings too.

*In case they are chipping away at such a lot of lower compensation how might they pay their EMI? They proved unable. Joblessness will influence the banks as advances would be left neglected.

*We will confront financial log jam as cash would not be exchanged at a similar speed if 1 USD approaches 1 INR.

RESOUCES:

  1. https://infokoala.com/what-if-1-usd-equals-1-inr/
  2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfLd329ovRI

Health and Fitness

Staying healthy and fit are directly proportional to each other. In order to lead a healthy and fit life we need to focus on some prime practices which will not only make us physically fit but will also provide us with peace of mind. Staying heathy and fit keeps us away from diseases and thus its medications and side effects. A healthy body homes a healthy mind, and a healthy mind boosts the productive thoughts help us to deal life with positivity in a healthy way. But staying healthy and fit requires discipline, one must have a balanced diet, eating less never makes someone healthy and fit whereas eating the right nutritious food in the right quantity does so. A healthy diet must constitute of all the five nutrients as well as water and roughage. Starving is highly not recommended, giving the body the required nutrients is important. In order to stay fit and healthy one must also regularly practice yoga and physical exercise; these enables movement of each and every part of the body and thus ensures its flexibility also ensures growth and increases stamina. Staying away from negative environment and people is another major practice which is encouraged in order to ensure a healthy and fit body.

If you want to start your journey a having a better body to feel great, here are some tips :

* Exercise daily for at least an hour

* Eat the Right foods and portion each meal.

* keep track of calories and food intake per day.

* Be sure to get sleep.

* Stay motivated.

5 components of physical Fitness :

* cardiovascular Endurance.

* Musular strength.

* Muscular endurance.

* Flexibility

* Body composition.

* The difference between fitness and health is Health is defined as a state of complete mental, physical and social well- being, not merely the absence of illness or infirmity. Fitness is the ability to meet the demands of the environment.

* The connection between health and fitness is physical fitness, by its very nature, significantly strengthens the bod’s immune system. Therefore, it may substantially reduce the likelihood of liness and disesase, and well as improve the way the body copes with illnesses when they occur.

* The three categories of health fitness and wellbeing is physical, emotional and social wellbeing.

Why is health and fitness so important?

Regular exercise and physical activity promotes strong muscles and bones. It improves respiratory, cardiovascular health, and overall health. Staying active can also help you maintain a healthy weight reduce your risk for type 2 diabetes heart disease and reduce your risk for some cancers.

* There are six skill- related fitness components: agility, balance, coordination speed, power and reaction time. skilled athletes typically excel in all six areas. Agility is the ability to rapidly and accurately change the direction of the body

* The principles of specificity, progression, overload, adaption, and reversibility are why practising frequently and consistenly are so important if you want to improve your performance.

The health benifits of exercise :

* helps you contro your weight.

* Reduce your risk of heart disease.

* Help your body manage blood sugar and insulin levels.

* Help you quiet smoking

* Improve your mental helath and mood.

* Help keep your thinking , learning and judgement skills sharp as your age.

* Exercise prescription is based on 5 priniciples are type, duration, frequency, intensity and volume.

So stay healthy and stay safe . This pandemic days wants more food to our bodies to get more immunity. Be fit and Be happy . We fight with this covid with our lifes . Be strong these are all will helps to us.

Profitable pearl farming

  • All farmers do farming, but nowadays Pearl farming trend is rising rapidly. Fewer labor and greater benefits are proving to be a bargain. Earlier, training for Pearl farming was given at Central Institute of Fresh Water Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), but now many other organizations are providing the training in the state.
  • The most advantageous season for pearl cultivation is the time of autumn i.e. October to December. Beads can be cultivated in a pond of at least 10 x 10 feet or larger. For pearl cultivation, pearls can be generated from a maximum of 25000 oysters in a tiny pond like 0.4 ha. To start farming, the farmer has to gather oysters from pond, river etc. or they can also be purchased.
  • After this, after every minor operation in each oyster, simple or designed beads with diameter of four to six mm like Ganesha, Buddha, floral shape etc. are put inside it. The oyster is then closed. These oysters are kept in nylon bags for 10 days on anti-biotic and natural feed. These are scrutinized daily and dead oysters are eliminated

Profits of pearl farming

  • A single oyster costs around 20 to 30 rupees at a lesser cost. The price of one mm to 20 mm oyster pearl in the market is around Rs 300 to Rs 1500. Nowadays designer beads are being liked very much, which get good price in the market place. Much better income can be earned by trading pearls in overseas market than Indian market. After eliminating the pearl from the oyster, the oyster can also be marketed. Many decorative items are made by oyster. The work of obtaining fragrance oil from oysters in Kannauj is also done on a huge scale. Due to which oyster can also be sold in the local market instantly. The water of streams and ponds is also filtered by oysters, so that the problem of water contamination can be dealt with to a great extent as oysters are voracious filter feeders, they keep the water clear of pelagic algae & floating detritus
  • It is a Source of income for pearl farmers
  • While pearl oysters are edible, they are rarely consumed. This means they can be bred in murky, possibly polluted water to achieve points 1 & 2
  • If they are to be eaten as well as to produce pearls, then they need to be bred in unpolluted water. However, selling them as food, if not for humans then at least as pet food, after harvesting the pearls provide the farmers with an additional source of income
  • It usually takes 20 to 24 months to give you results but if cultivated properly it usually gives you an income of 10-12 lakhs that is around a profit of 8 lakhs.
  • Pearl cultivation gives you a large amount of profit while only requiring your skill and will to give you such good results.

Other prospects of pearl farming

  • For handling a pearl farm effectively, one needs to check the farm consistently. By doing so, you will know if there are any broken or missing lines. Also, check for any absent shells from the site. 
  • Next step is to regularly clean the site since of the amount of useless organisms that breed on the lines, shells and other hanging materials. While cleansing, you have to take special care as pearl oysters tend to get stressed out after cleaning is done. Frequent cleaning can be prevented and should be done once in a month. 

reference- https://agrifarmingtips.com/profitable-pearl-moti-farming-info-and-guide-for-beginners/

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-96776-9_5

The Role of Media in the Business Sector

 The media platform is considered to be strong because it is the sole reason through which various different business opportunities are flourished by providing them many wide opportunities in the process. Thus, to conclude in simple words media contributes a lot and it helps to improvise the conditions of many businesses and such media laws are very much crucial and relevant. They are required to be Amended as and when needed in the business sector. Different ways through which media can heavily benefit businesses are –:

  • : Advertisements which are preparing in educational advertisements are a logical way of spreading the voices in masses concerning the particular business. As the spheres of media are growing and are branching out, the most important branch of it is social media which has the potential to uplift businesses from a root level. With addition to the standard media sources and social media strategies many customers can be invited and give people what they want and deliver their services.
  • Better Responsiveness: The method of input and distribution by way of media is made simpler. If the clients have queries, questions, or any issues with, what the company does, they will let the company know in a prompt way. Social networking in businesses provides people a possible means to convey their thoughts and it allows businesses an incentive to react accordingly. Through such sources companies will see lawless stuff and verify to their clients that their questions and queries can be answered.
  • Information: Social networking which is presently emerging to be the most helpful source for new business opportunities is insightful and allows individuals to see an insight to what the target audience is and what other consumers share in terms of goods and services share online. This offers a better insight into the industry and many variables that impact the business.
  • Branding and Communication: Communication is the most crucial aspect for any businesses success and if they frequently engage with customers it helps to improve the company’s image. On can connect and handle their clients in a private level through social networks mediums. When the company is engaged in debates, the consumer finds the company as available, free and sensitive. The way that the company is viewed and consumers are gradually linked to the information that one gets, is largely impacted by this type of presentation. Both personal tales and social media can help boost the technology retail.
  • Social Media for growth in business sector: One has to make sure that their social media approach and presence is suitable for mobile phones which helps to guarantee a useful user experience to the consumers. Social media advertising sites generally generate popularity at a very fast pace, and the use of those particular websites in advertising and is used to promote what they have offered will also be beneficial for them.

WHAT MAKES FINLAND THE HAPPIEST COUNTRY

Irrespective of experiencing 200 days of winter with complete absence of sun, Finland has maintained it’s position to be the Happiest Country in the World for the last four years. It has been named the most stable, freest and the safest country by various international bodies because of the socio-economic and welfare policies of the nation.
Finland is a natural beauty with forests, crystal clear lakes and wildlife. It has low pollution levels which makes the air clean and encourages more citizens to be amidst the nature. Hence, a large number of outdoor activities like kayaking, canoe, horse back riding and others can be experienced. Nature in itself is known to have immense healing power that can cheer people and lift their spirits.


Finland offers free Forest Therapy to it’s citizens where the general public is allowed to roam freely in natural areas like forests, lakes, and rivers without any permission from the landowners (if the areas fall under a private land). This traditional legal concept is called ‘’Everyman’s Right ‘’. However, the only condition applied is that no damage or disturbance should be faced by the landowner.


Finns have a warm culture and enjoy a relaxed way of living. Unlike other Western countries they believe in cooperation over competition. The follow minimalistic approach to life and prefer well-made, sustainable, functional items that will stand the test of time. Finns are not considered to be happy bubbly people with cheerful smiley faces. In fact, they are the least expressive people who take life as it comes.


Coming to the most important topic, what makes them the happiest country in the world?
Well, there cannot be a single factor to happiness. However, the main cause of it is self-satisfaction and inner peace, which in term is an outcome of various factors.


Finns follow a relaxed way of living and are at peace with themselves. Finland may not be the most powerful or wealthy economy but what makes them happy is the fact that they are at peace with their present situation. They are not too ambitious about what life should offer them and this helps them to feel satisfied with what they currently have.


The national pass time for Finns is enjoying sauna baths. The fact that they have over 2 million saunas explains their love for the tradition. Saunas are places that purifies one’s body and soul. Sauna creates a sense of community and equality for the citizens as people from all backgrounds come together to enjoy the experience. Finns are used to being naked in the sauna with their family and friends, which can help create a comfort with and acceptance of their bodies, too.

Fins follow the philosophy of ‘Sisu’ that is focused on persevering when the odds are against us and viewing challenges as an opportunity. “Instead of waiting for a warm sunny day, many Finns practice daily sisu by heading out in any kind of weather for a brisk walk or cycle, or to spend time in nature.” They believe that happiness does not come from searching for it, but by living.

Finns value time over money. They choose a healthy work – life balance over wealth. A good personal life gives them the chance to pursue their personal interests and feed their creativity. This further contributes to the low inequality levels in Finland. The society majorly consists of middle-class households with very less poverty and more social security. They have few rich families but since the people are satisfied with themselves, they don’t believe in excessive show off of their wealth. This promotes the feeling of content and satisfaction amongst the low-income groups as well.

One of the main reasons why Finns are satisfied and happy with their lives is social equality. The government provides each new born a equal and healthy start to life. They distribute packages of clothing and other useful items to all new mothers. This was initially started to reduce the declining birth rate and high infant mortality but on a broader picture it reduces the difference and provides an equal start to all the new citizens. Equal opportunities are given to every citizen in terms of best education in schools and universities without any cost. This helps each child shape their own future without any form of economic hindrances. (A happy childhood breeds happy adults) The presence of best of health care opportunities to all the citizens at no cost reduces further disparity and makes them more secure and stress-free.

Under the ‘Housing first’ principle, it is ensured that even the rough sleepers are given the right support and a roof above them. The presence of equal opportunities for all makes people more satisfied with their lives, hence there is no need for people to adapt criminal offences. Low crime rates, in turn makes people more safe, secure and happy.

Finland strongly emphasises on closing gender equality as a means to promote the feeling of satisfaction and oneness amongst all citizens. Some of the measures includes providing new fathers with nine weeks of paternity leave at 70 percent of their salary and closing the gender pay gap. (Hence proving that a rising tide lifts all boats). Finland is one amongst the few Nordic countries where fathers spend more time with school-aged children compared to their mothers.

The extent of equality and freedom amongst the nation is such that they follow Flat Working Model in commercial world. For those who don’t know, a flat working model is one where there are few or no hierarchal levels between management and staff. This leads to less supervision and increased involvement with organizational decision-making, enabling open communication between all departments. Hence, increasing workplace productivity and team-cohesion. This worker-centric approach to business has served Finland well for more than a decade. Moreover, Finland is the only country that provides 25 paid workdays off in addition to the paid national holidays.

Finns are least active on social-media platforms that indulge in putting forward a polished view of their lives. They don’t brag about their success and wealth or show an outwardly exuberant zest for life. Rather, they believe in being reserved and accepting both the good and the bad as it comes. They believe that if they are truly happy, they don’t need to shove it in anyone’s faces.

Even after being the happiest country in the world, Finns have an emotionless exterior and prefer melancholic songs to express themselves. This is because they accept negative emotions as part of life. Trying to suppress one’s negative emotions is considered bad for one’s well-being. They are taught to embrace such emotions and learn to accept one’s life for what it is. This in turn has a positive impact on their life and help them feel more satisfied. They believe in expressing their negative emotions to such an extent that they celebrate a national event called “The International Day of Failure” (celebrated annually on 13 October), that carries an important message that without the possibility of failure there is no success, and occasional failure is therefore acceptable.

They follow the culture of Kalsarikännit or Pantsdrunk which is the practice of binge drinking alone in your home in your underpants. To a large extent, it is still considered a way of life in Finland, probably because of the stereotyped lack of social contacts among Finns.

Another reason why nordic countries are most at peace with themselves may be the not mentioned, but always present, “Law of Jante” that is silently enforced by everybody in unison. Law of Jante explain the egalitarian nature of Nordic countries where they support a harmonious and happy society.

Finns are socialized to believe that what they have is as good as it gets—or close enough. Finns believe in the Norwegian term Lagom, which can be translated as “just the right amount,” i.e., neither too much nor too little. They believe that what they have is as good as it gets—or close enough. This mindset makes them the happiest people in the world despite living in small apartments, earning modest incomes, with even more limited purchasing power because of the high prices and taxation.

Hence, one thing that the world could learn from them is their willingness to embrace the less-sunny aspects of living i.e., to accept negative feelings as a normal part of life.

Stock Exchange India

Stock exchange is something about which many people are still unaware, here I am talking specifically about India its stock exchange and other facts related to it. A stock exchange is basically a place where an individual can buy and sell stocks. The oldest stock exchange in India happened in the year 1857 in Bombay (Mumbai)
A stock which is also known as an equity lets a common man invest into a corporation and they get a share in companies’ asset and profit depending upon how much share they own. The costliest share in India is approximately seventy-two thousand for one, it is of MRF and the costliest share of the world is Berkshire Hathaway. If we go into the technicality of the topic there are number of concept and terms.

Bull and Bear
This concept of Bull and Bear is the most common one it basically reflects the condition of stock market just like the name a bull is considered an active and fierce animal and a bear is lazy, a bull here stands for a purchaser who invest in stocks and earns great profit as he invested at the right time where as a bear is just the opposite, he sells stock. Both resembles different condition.

Rule of 72
Which is a beginner rule, used to calculate the time required to double the capital, the calculation is done by number 72.

In India there are two popular stock exchange venue The Bombay Stock exchange and the national stock exchange. Out of the two BSE is the older one it was established back in 1875 and it is the first ever stock exchange of Asia, apart from this on-line trading was introduced through Bombay stock Exchange, it is the 12th biggest market place for stock exchange in world.
Then, there is National Stock exchange, which came in 1992 and bought electronic exchange with it, this changed the traditional style. It is the 10th biggest stock exchange market. It is more advanced as compared to Bombay stock exchange in terms of facilities and both are separate. Both have different value as in capital and enjoy different position in the world and Indian market. There are in total 9 stock exchange in India including Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange.
A stock market plays a significant role in an economy that is why they exist, it is a platform that links a buyer, a seller, a company and most importantly they reflect the condition of a country’s economy.
Stock marked is termed risky because in case the market falls a purchaser will have to face high loss but, if the value of share increases it will lead to profit.
But as a responsible citizen we should always be aware about the ongoing trends and condition of stock market even if we don’t want to invest. There is a small population that invest into stock market reason can be many like the risk associated etc. but, at the same time we have great investors like Rakesh Jhunjhunwala and others.

Pilpantri: a model of environmentalism and feminism

Pilpantri, a village with a population of 8000 , located in Rajasmand district of Rajasthan has been a matter of pride for the entire nation. It is the perfect example of how the cycle of change starts from one person itself. This small village has been attracting attention from all over the world due to its efforts of saving the environment and promoting the girl child birth and education. Now, feminism and Rajasthan in one sentence may be shocking to some as Rajasthan has a tanned image for female infanticide, child marriage and is considered to be one of the least progressive state for females. However, times are changing. Pilpantri, itself being an example of this change which has made it a role model of eco feminism.

This village plants 111 trees for every single girl child being born there. The number of trees being “111” for every girl child has a different story behind it. India is a land of traditions which is what makes us unique. It is a tradition in India that on every auspicious occasion a donation of 101, 111, 1100 or the similar numbers being made ,which is termed as “shagun” in Indian terms. The traditions when used in an innovative way may prove extremely beneficial for the present times. The plantation of such a huge number for every girl child born increases the green cover around the village protecting the people there from the pollution and its aftermath, which is one of the biggest problems in India. The saying “Nature has solution to every problem provided you regard it well” holds true.

History of the plantation drive

In 2005, when Shyam Sunder Paliwal had taken over as the village sarpanch, the entire area surrounded by hills was denuded for mining. The district of Rajasmand is known for marble block mining and is the largest producer of marble in the entire country. Mining leads to the loss of vegetation and invites several problems in the mined areas such as floods, water logging, soil erosion as the natural protectors of environment i.e. the trees are sacrificed in mining and no or least attempt is made to restore them.

Two years later, when Kiran , Paliwal’s 17 year old darling daughter died due to dehydration, he decided to honor her by planting a tree in her name on the village entrance. He then thought of implying this scheme for the birth of every daughter in the village . Not only to celebrate the birth of a girl (which is a very rare practice in India) are trees planted but also to commemorate the lives of those who died. The village plants 11 trees in the memory of every person that dies here.

Pilpantri as a model of feminism

In India, where patriarchy has a strong hold, females are neglected since birth and are seen only as an institution to carry on the generations forward. The birth of the female becomes a matter of shame for the family while some starts to worry about the dowry of a new born girl. To put a stop to all these problems, the people came with a very “horrifying” solution which is to kill the girl before she is born. A report suggests that in Rajasthan, the child sex ratio is 888 girls per 1000 boys. The census also revealed that of total deaths in Rajasthan, over 20% of them were infant deaths. Overall, the female child population (age 0-6) between 2001 and 2011 dropped by 3 million. One journalist referred to this as “the silent genocide.” Female infants are sometimes tragically killed by opium poisoning, starvation, or even being crushed with stones or drowned in water.

Pilpantri , a small hamlet not only cares for the environment with every girl born but also secures her future through the various schemes implemented by the village. As reported by The Hindu, Rs. 21,000 is collected from the village residents at the birth of a girl child and Rs.10,000 from the girl’s father and this sum of Rs. 31,000 is made into a fixed deposit for the girl, with a maturity period of 20 years. Also, the village authorities make these parents sign an affidavit promising that they would not marry her off before the legal age, send her to school regularly and take care of the trees planted in her name.

When the girls grow up, they tie Rakhi( a holy sibling bond signifying the protection of each other) to the trees.

Pilpantri as a model for environmentalism

According to a report by BBC, the region now has more than 350,000 trees, from mango and gooseberry to sandalwood, neem, peepal and bamboo, growing across the once-barren lands and covering an estimated 1,000 hectares. To plant the trees what is required is soil and water along with the saplings. The more the greenery, it will attract higher numbers of birds , bring more rain and prosperity to the region.

The village has also developed a water harvesting system , where the run off rain water is collected through ditches, bunds and dams. Now, clear pools of water shone and adorn the village attracting animals like geese and rabbits.

Also, to protect the large number of trees from termites villagers plants aloe vera in large amounts near the trees which in turn is utilized by the women of the village to make aloe juice ,gels and cosmetics for sale in the market, increasing the village economy and their independency.

In 2018 the state government instituted a training center there to educate people on the “Piplantri Model”. The building hosts engineers, officials and residents from other districts who hope to replicate Piplantri’s model of water harvesting and tree planting elsewhere in Rajasthan and the country. As many as 50 to 60 visitors come to Piplantri some days – most of whom come to attend workshops in the training center – and the village even has a set of cottages to house them. 

Now, the birth of a daughter is no more considered to be a burden but a matter of pride and celebration. It is the efforts of Shyam Sunder Paliwal which have adorned the earlier dried village considering females as a burden , into a developed hamlet which is an inspiration for the entire country in more than one ways. The woman has been associated with “fertile lands” in literary terms by many poets since ancient times . It is not only because of her ability to reproduce which gives her this association but also her ability to nurture and regrow an arid land of which Pilpantri is the best example.

EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT DAY IN TAMILNADU!!!

Though many National leaders rendered their selfless service to our country, one among them to be noted was the Kingmaker Kamaraj. K. Kamaraj, familiarly known as Kamarajar was an independent activist and the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. He was popularly known as the Kingmaker of India during the 1960s. He supported Lal Bahadur Shastri, to be the President of India after the death of Nehru. After the sudden dismissal of Lal Bahadur Shastri, he supported Indira Gandhi to be the President of India. He was a man of simplicity and known for his best leadership in the development of Tamil Nadu. The Midday Meals Scheme introduced by him was very popular in India. He was popularly known as Karmaveerar, KalviKan Thirantha Mudhalvar, etc.

K KAMARAJ – Former Chief Minister Of TamilNadu

Kamaraj was born on 15th July 1903 at Virudhunagar in TamilNadu to Kumarasamy and Sivagami Ammal. His birth name was Kamatchi and later changed to Kamarajar. He studied primary education in a traditional school and he was to drop out because of his father’s death to support his family. He had a younger sister named Nagammal. He worked in his uncle’s shop and begun to attend political meetings and common meetings related to Home Rule Movement. He developed his interest in politics by reading daily newspapers. In 1920, at the age of 18, he became a very enthusiastic person and joined Indian National Congress. He organized public meetings for leaders in Virudhnagar and was very eager to meet Mahatma Gandhi. As he wished, he met Gandhiji for the first time in the meeting. Kamaraj went to jail for two years for taking part in ‘Salt Sathyagraha’ led by C. Rajagopalachari at Vedaranyam.

At the age of 34, he contested in the Legislative election for the first time and marked his first victory at Sattur in 1937. He stuck by the principle ‘ One should not accept any post/leadership to which one could not do full justice ‘. In 1954, Kamaraj became the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. Various schemes and deeds introduced by him as a Chief Minister are as follows:

  • He removed Hereditary Education Policy introduced by Rajaji.
  • He reopened more than 12,000 schools during his leadership as a Chief Minister.
  • Education and trade hiked during his period.
  • Kamarajar aimed to eradicate illiteracy and introduced compulsory education. The literacy rate was 7% during the British period but during his period, the literacy rate increased to 37%.
  • He also introduced the Midday Meals Scheme to provide atleast one healthy meal per day to the poor and needy children. He introduced the uniform scheme to the school children to eradicate the germination of caste-based flaws in young minds.
  • He built several irrigation canals during his period. He built nine dams which are appreciated till now and they are as strong as him.
  • Huge investment industries such as Neyveli Lignite Corporation, BHEL, etc. were started during his period.

He has been the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for three consecutive terms, by the victory in 1957 and 1962. His ruling period was known as the Golden Age of Tamil Nadu. Kamaraj was a great follower of Mahatma Gandhi, yet to this fact, he died on 2nd October 1975 during his sleep in his native Virudhunagar. He was awarded ‘Bharat Ratna’ posthumously in 1976. The Chennai Airport is named after him as Kamaraj Terminal.

His birthday is celebrated as ‘ Education Development Day ‘ in Tamil Nadu every year. Though he died, his good deeds remain in the hearts of the people.

Intelligence plus character – that is the goal of Education.

– K Kamaraj.