What Is Bio fuel : Bio fuel is a liquid type of fuel derived from plant ,grass ,crop & other biological ,agricultural waste product .

Production plants:   There are some plants which is used to produce this bio fuel —-                                                                           Bio ethanol from Corn ; Bio diesel from Canola ; Bio ethanol from sugarcane ;Palm oil (acting as bio diesel ) from Palm (Elaeis Guineensis) ; Bio diesel from Jetropha ; Soy Bio diesel from soybean (Glycine max), Bio diesel from cotton seed or sunflower seed ;Bio ethanol from wheat (Triticum aestivum) ;Bio ethanol from Switch grass (Panicum virgatum) ; Bio diesel (CNSL or Cashew Nut Shell Oil ) from Cashew shell (Anacardium occidentale) .

Significance:                                                                                                                                                                                                  1) Bio fuels contain very low amount of carbon .That’s why the production amount of Carbon dioxide & Carbon monoxide become low .The chances of environment harm reduces .                                                              2) Bio fuels are very good replacement of fossil fuel ,crude oil ,natural gas  as fossil fuels are in very demand & low in amount .                                                                                                                                                                 3) As bio fuel  are a better replacement for carbon containing fossil fuels they helps to prevent the pollution. Sometime they are mixed with gasoline to act as an engine oil.

4) Bio fuel are renewable energy .So there are no threat for finishing up of these type of sources .

Categories:   There are 2 types of bio fuel  .                                                                                                                                    1)Bio Alcohol — Ethanol, which is produced by the fomentation of the starch compound of yeast and bacteria.                                                                                                                                                                     2)Biodiesel — Produced from animal fats and plant oils.

Some of the bio fuel plants are discussed below ————

1.Jatropha:    Scientific name :  Jatropha curcas                                                                                                                                                                                                 It is very poisonous tree. Cultivating jatropha is economically benefiting for rural farmers as it has the bio fuel producing value.  Moreover jatropha can grow very quickly &  live for 50 years long. They need less amount of water for cultivating. Jatropha seeds contain 40% Oil. India is the largest country for producing this plant. Bio fuel is extracted from seeds and the remaining part of these plants are used as a biomass fuel.

2.Sugar cane:  Scientific Name : Saccharum officinarum                                                                                                                                                                                                           Bio ethanol are produced from sugar cane . In Brazil it is cheaper than gasoline and is produced in a lot of amount. The juice of Sugarcane plant has lots of sugar which gives lot of energy and the reduced part is a inflammable product used in cooking. Production cost of bio ethanol by reaction process is costly than production cost of bio ethanol from sugar cane.

3.Rapeseed or Canola:    Scientific name :    Brassica napus                                                                                                                                                                             Canola is a type of rapeseed . From ancient time it is used as a cooking oil for containing  low amount of erucid acid and is good for human body. In cold environments, biodiesels tend to convert in crystals because of saturated fat which is not good for combustion engines of vehicles. In this case canola has low saturated fat and is able to work in cold climates. Canola is high in oil contain and low in saturated fats. Produced bio diesel have very low amount of Carbon so the production of Carbon monoxide by burning is low .

4.Corn:     Scientific name :   Zea mays                                                                                                                                                                                                  It is the major crops in the world, which produce ethanol. Produced ethanol is used in car engine along with gasoline. The kernels of corn are smashed into dust then it’s mixed with water to made a dough which is fermented by yeast to produce ethanol. Produced bio ethanol emits less carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and Sulphur after burning. The body part cannot be used in the production of biodiesel rather it is used as a cooking mass for containing cellulose. This bio ethanol helps to reduce the smog.

5.Sunflower:   Scientific name :   Helianthus annuus L.                                                                                                                                                                                     This flower name comes from facing the sun every time.  The seeds of sunflower are edible, delicious and good for health. As you all know Edible cooking oil are produced from sunflower. The biodiesel is produced from seeds which have lots of oil & the remaining plant parts are used as a biomass to produce bio fuel. Its plantation of sunflower helps the farmer economically as it has food production value & bio fuel production value .