Satyanarayanamma's Sanitation Success in Ponnapalli

Satyanarayanamma’s Sanitation Success in Ponnapalli
A fisherwoman’s efforts transformed her community in line with Swachh Bharat’s vision
(Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs)
September 24, 2024
In the heart of Narsapur town, Andhra Pradesh, lies Ponnapalli ward, a community once defined
by vulnerability and the prevalence of open defecation. A large slum population with limited
access to basic sanitation services had accepted open defecation as the norm. Yet, amidst this
environment, one woman, Satyanarayanamma, refused to accept the status quo. A fisherwoman
and mother of two, Satyanarayanamma, who is differently abled due to polio, became a force
of change in her community. Her personal experience with the illness made her deeply aware
of the importance of sanitation, driving her to make a difference not only for her family but for
the entire ward.
Satyanarayanamma’s journey
started when she joined the
Gender Forum, a local NGO
dedicated to raising awareness
about sanitation and hygiene
among women.

Alongside
other Forum members, she led
discussions on menstrual
hygiene, toilet usage, and
hand washing, working
tirelessly to engage her
neighbours in the battle for a
cleaner, healthier
environment. Initially, it was
very difficult to convince the
local community to adopt safe
sanitation practices and
maintain personal hygiene.
However, with local women
like Satyanarayanamma
leading the charge, the effort
slowly began to gain
momentum. Their sanitation audits and discussions on faecal sludge management and genderfriendly services helped address specific concerns, empowering the community to take charge.
Thanks to their tireless work, Ponnapalli ward achieved Open Defecation Free (ODF) status, a
milestone for the town and an enduring testament to the power of grassroots mobilization.
This transformation coincides with the national Swabhav Swachhata Sanskaar Swachhata
(4S) campaign, launched to mark the 10th anniversary of the Swachh Bharat Mission. Running
from September 17 to October 2, 2024, the campaign highlights India’s ongoing efforts to foster
a culture of cleanliness and sanitation, echoing the goals of the annual Swachhata Hi Seva
movement. As the country builds up to Swachh Bharat Diwas on Mahatma Gandhi’s birth
anniversary, the stories of communities like Ponnapalli stand as powerful symbols of what can
be achieved when citizens unite for a common cause. The 4S campaign is not just about
maintaining cleanliness but instilling a sense of responsibility and pride in sanitation practices,
much like what Satyanarayanamma and her fellow women achieved in their ward.
The broader impact of the Swachh Bharat Mission is evident in its tiered achievements. As of
September 24, 2024, 4,576 cities across India are Open Defecation Free (ODF), meaning they
have successfully eliminated the practice of open defecation. Additionally, 3,913 cities have
achieved ODF+ status, indicating not only the elimination of open defecation but also sustained
toilet usage and proper maintenance of public and community toilets. Furthermore, 1,429 cities
have reached ODF++ status, showcasing advanced management of faecal sludge and septage,
ensuring efficient waste treatment.
In rural areas, the mission has also made significant strides, with 5,54,150 villages achieving
ODF Plus status, which indicates improved sanitation facilities and practices. Among these,
3,00,368 villages have been recognized as ODF Plus Model Villages, setting benchmarks for
others. Additionally, 1,30,238 villages have been verified as ODF Plus Model Verified Villages,
ensuring that they meet the stringent criteria for sustainable sanitation practices.
These numbers are more than just statistics; they represent lives transformed, healthier
communities, and the collective determination of individuals like Satyanarayanamma. Her
work in Ponnapalli ward mirrors the mission’s vision of a cleaner, healthier India, a vision that
continues to inspire change across the nation.
As the Swachh Bharat Mission enters its second decade, the success of the 4S campaign
promises to build on these achievements, ensuring that communities like Ponnapalli are not
just ODF but also equipped with the knowledge and resources to maintain their cleanliness and
hygiene for generations to come. Behind these impressive statistics are stories like
Satyanarayanamma’s—individual efforts that ignite collective action. The Swachh Bharat
Mission didn’t just build toilets; it reshaped mindsets. Satyanarayanamma’s journey shows that
true transformation goes beyond infrastructure—it’s about changing how people perceive and
practice sanitation. Her story is a reminder that sustainable change happens when communities
take ownership, fostering not only cleanliness but also a lasting sense of responsibility for their
health and environment.
References:
• https://sbmurban.org/storage/app/media/stories-of-change.pdf
• https://sbmurban.org/
• https://sbm.gov.in/sbmgdashboard/statesdashboard.aspx
Santosh Kumar/ Sarla Meena/ Sheetal Angral/ Ritu Kataria/ Saurabh Kalia

Application Invited for the Award of Gandhi Fellowship

About the Fellowship

Total number of Fellowships: Five (05)
Apply on or before October 5, 2024, 11:59 pm.
A nominal stipend will be paid to selected fellows every month (not more than 20,000/- Rs. per month)
Initially, the Fellowship will be offered for three months. Subsequently, extension may be granted (up to maximum two years) based on performance and recommendation of the competent authority.

Concept Note

Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti (GSDS) is a national memorial dedicated to Mahatma Gandhi. Hon’ble Prime Minister of India is its Chairman. The overarching goal of the Samiti is to take forward the philosophy and thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi to all cross-section of the society.
The Samiti has a large number of programmes reaching out to different stakeholders. In line with this, GSDS is aiming to develop a comprehensive database of Senior Gandhians, Gandhian social workers at grass-root level and institutes/organisations/chairs devoted to Gandhian philosophy. This would facilitate in connecting with like-minded individuals and organizations thereby promoting collaboration for sustainable social impact along Gandhian line.
To accomplish the aforesaid task GSDS hereby launches ‘Gandhi Fellowship’. The primary objective of the fellowship is to inspire and empower the youth to understand and contribute to Gandhian principles by immersing them in the activities of various Gandhians and like-minded organizations.

Under this fellowship programme, the selected fellows will be entrusted with the task of making extensive tour and fieldwork in order to collect the data of Senior Gandhians as well as Gandhian organisations.

Aims and Objectives of the Fellowship Programme:

Fellows will travel to different parts of the country, visiting various Gandhian and like-minded organizations. During their visits, they will collect valuable data on organizational structures, activities, and impact of such organisations in prescribed format
Fellows will prepare a comprehensive pan-Indian database of Gandhian Institutes/Senior Gandhians.
Fellows will also identify and procure the archival material pertaining to Mahatma Gandhi from various Gandhian Institutes.
Fellows will simultaneously explore the possibilities of collaboration of other Gandhian institutes with GSDS.
Fellows will document their experiences through written reports, audio-visual content, and other mediums, creating a comprehensive repository of information on the organizations visited.

Terms and Conditions of the Fellowship Programme:

Eligibility: This Fellowship programme is open to students who have completed post-graduation, preferably in subjects belonging to Humanities and Social Sciences.
Preference will be given to candidates pursuing research degree or having experience in fieldwork.
Candidates having knowledge of more than one Indian language besides English will be given weightage.
Period: Initially, the Fellowship will be offered for three months. Subsequently, extension may be granted (up to maximum two years) based on performance and recommendation of the competent authority.
Honorarium: A nominal stipend will be paid to selected fellows every month (not more than 20,000/- Rs. per month).
GSDS will bear the TA/DA of the selected fellows during fieldwork.
Experience Certificate: A certificate regarding successful completion of Fellowship will be issued to each of the Fellows after the end of the fellowship tenure.
Some meritorious candidates will additionally be given ‘Award of Excellence’ for their performance.

Procedure of Selection:

Applicants have to submit the attached application form.
A one-page note on why the applicant is motivated to undertake this fellowship with GSDS.
A one-page note on their understanding of Gandhian philosophy and familiarity with Gandhian organisations.

The above details have to be mailed to the Director, Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti at: 2010gsds@gmail.com on or before October 5, 2024, 11:59 pm.

The shortlisted candidates will be invited for an interaction with a Selection Committee under the chairmanship of the Director.

UGC invites applications for 6 Days’ Basic Training Programme in Indian Knowledge System,

The University Grants Commission (UGC) is going to conduct a ‘6 Days Basic Training Programme in Bharatiya Jnana Parampara (IKS)’ for the faculty members as well as regular research scholars from Higher Educational Institutions (HEls) across the country.

Highlighting that the IKS is in keeping with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the UGC notification states, “The National Education Policy (NEP) of 2020 boldly places Bharatiya Jnana Parampara (Indian Knowledge Systems) at the heart of Indian education. It champions our cultural roots, ignites pride in our heritage-both ancient and modern-and envisions an educational landscape deeply steeped in Indian ethos. To breathe life into this vision, the NEP advocates for curricula and teaching methods firmly rooted in the Indian context. Nationwide, an ambitious training program equips faculty members with the tools to seamlessly integrate Indian Knowledge Systems into their teaching practices. Simultaneously, it empowers research scholars to rejuvenate Indian scientific knowledge through a transformed mindset. With this aim, UGC is going to organize ‘6 Days Basic Training Programme in Bharatiya Jnana Parampara (IKS)’ for the Faculty Members as well as Regular Research Scholars from HEls across the country.”

HEls (universities/colleges) that are keen may submit the application for conducting the training programme.

The last date for submission of application for conducting the training programme is October 2, 2024.

The application submission link for faculty members is https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeyxwCREzDp1SGsYHroGeTvYbXY4awkzoQfnhCx_Risw71cOQ/viewform, and for research scholars, it is https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScTkx80O7pjAFZdPtjva6022pEV7pY-CHYPs6JnvwcfNOOrww/viewform

Call for Book Chapters

Publisher: Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd

Publication Year: 2024
Submission Email: editor@pen2print.org

Overview: Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd is pleased to invite authors to contribute chapters to our upcoming book titled “Fundamentals of Research Methods.” This comprehensive volume aims to serve as an essential resource for students, educators, and professionals involved in academic research across various disciplines. We seek to provide readers with a foundational understanding of research methodologies, techniques, and tools that are crucial for conducting effective and ethical research.

Themes and Sub-Themes: We are interested in chapters that cover, but are not limited to, the following topics:

Introduction to Research Methods:
- Historical Development of Research Methodologies
- Key Concepts in Research Design and Methodology
Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research:
- Overview and Comparison
- Mixed-Methods Approaches
Data Collection Techniques:
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Interviews and Focus Groups
- Observational and Experimental Methods
Data Analysis and Interpretation:
- Statistical Analysis for Quantitative Data
- Content Analysis for Qualitative Data
- Software Tools for Data Analysis
Ethical Considerations in Research:
- Informed Consent
- Privacy and Confidentiality Issues
- Ethical Approval Processes
Writing and Presenting Research:
- Crafting Research Proposals
- Writing Effective Research Papers
- Best Practices for Publishing and Dissemination

Guidelines for Contributors:

Chapters should be original work and should not be under consideration for publication elsewhere.
Contributions must be between 3000 to 5000 words, including references, tables, and figures.
All submissions must adhere to the APA (American Psychological Association) style for citations and references.
Submissions should include a title, abstract (200 words), keywords, main text, and references.
Each chapter should provide clear takeaways and practical implications for readers.

Important Dates:

Abstract Submission Deadline: June 11, 2024
Notification of Abstract Acceptance: July 12, 2024
Full Chapter Submission Deadline: August 10, 2024
Peer Review Feedback: September 3, 2024
Final Chapter Submission: October 2, 2024
Publication Date: November 2, 2024

Submission Process: Interested authors should first submit an abstract (up to 200 words) outlining the chapter’s content, objectives, and its relevance to the book’s themes. Abstracts should be sent to editor@pen2print.org. After review, selected authors will be invited to submit full chapters.

Review Process: Each submitted chapter will undergo a double-blind peer review process to ensure quality, relevance, and integrity of the work. Feedback will be provided to authors for necessary revisions to meet the publication standards.

Contact Information: For inquiries regarding the call for chapters or submission process, please contact the Editorial Team at editor@pen2print.org. We look forward to your contributions and to collaboratively developing a resource that will be invaluable for the academic community.

Join us in shaping a comprehensive guide that explores and elucidates the fundamentals of research methodologies!

Nurturing Bonds: Exploring Family and Social Structures

Daily writing prompt

Describe a positive thing a family member has done for you.

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Family and social structures serve as the cornerstone of human society, providing support, guidance, and a sense of belonging. These intricate webs of relationships shape our identities, influence our behaviors, and contribute significantly to our overall well-being. Understanding the dynamics of family and social structures offers insights into the fabric of society and the mechanisms through which individuals interact and thrive.

The Importance of Family: Family, in its various forms, plays a pivotal role in shaping individuals from early childhood through adulthood. The nuclear family, consisting of parents and their children, forms the basic unit of society. Within this unit, familial bonds are nurtured, values are transmitted, and emotional support is provided. Beyond the nuclear family, extended families, comprising relatives such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, offer additional layers of support and interconnectedness.

The family serves as a primary agent of socialization, imparting cultural norms, values, and traditions to its members. Through interactions within the family unit, individuals learn essential life skills, develop their identities, and acquire social roles. Moreover, the family provides emotional security and serves as a buffer against the stresses of life, fostering resilience and cohesion.

Variations in family structures exist across cultures and societies, reflecting diverse norms, beliefs, and practices. While some societies emphasize extended family networks and communal living arrangements, others prioritize nuclear family units and individual autonomy. These variations underscore the adaptive nature of family structures in response to socio-cultural contexts and economic realities.

Challenges and Transformations: Despite its significance, the traditional notion of the family has undergone considerable transformation in recent decades. Socioeconomic changes, such as urbanization, globalization, and economic disparities, have reshaped family dynamics and roles. Factors such as increased mobility, dual-career households, and shifting gender norms have altered traditional family patterns, leading to greater diversity in family structures and functions.

Challenges such as family breakdown, divorce, and single-parent households highlight the complexities inherent in contemporary family life. While these changes may pose challenges, they also offer opportunities for redefining family roles, fostering inclusivity, and promoting resilience. Moreover, alternative family arrangements, including blended families, same-sex partnerships, and chosen families, challenge conventional norms and expand the notion of kinship and support networks.

Social Structures and Community: Beyond the family unit, social structures encompass broader networks of relationships and affiliations within society. These structures include friendships, community organizations, religious institutions, and professional networks, among others. Social structures provide avenues for social interaction, cooperation, and collective action, contributing to social cohesion and mutual support.

Communities serve as essential extensions of the family, offering additional layers of social support and belonging. Within communities, individuals forge connections, share resources, and collaborate on shared goals and interests. Moreover, communities play a vital role in fostering social capital, promoting civic engagement, and addressing collective challenges such as poverty, inequality, and social injustice.

Conclusion: Family and social structures form the scaffolding of human society, shaping our identities, relationships, and experiences. From the intimate bonds of the family unit to the broader networks of community and society, these structures provide the foundation for individual growth, collective well-being, and societal resilience. As society continues to evolve, understanding and nurturing these bonds are essential for fostering inclusive, thriving communities where all individuals can flourish.

Top Restaurants in Pune

Daily writing prompt

What is your favorite restaurant?

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Pune, a vibrant city in Maharashtra, India, is renowned for its rich culinary heritage, blending traditional Maharashtrian flavors with diverse culinary influences from across India and the world. Here’s a glimpse into some of the top restaurants in Pune that offer an exquisite dining experience:

Shreyas: Nestled in the heart of Pune, Shreyas is celebrated for its authentic Maharashtrian thali, showcasing a delightful array of traditional dishes served in a classic ambiance. From delectable sabzis to fragrant rice and mouthwatering desserts, Shreyas offers a culinary journey through the flavors of Maharashtra.
Paasha: Perched atop the JW Marriott Hotel, Paasha offers panoramic views of Pune along with an extensive menu of North Indian cuisine. With its elegant décor and sumptuous dishes, Paasha promises a memorable dining experience, featuring flavorful kebabs, rich curries, and indulgent desserts.
Baan Tao: Located in the Hyatt Pune, Baan Tao invites diners to savor the flavors of Asia in a contemporary setting. Specializing in Thai, Chinese, and Vietnamese cuisine, this restaurant offers an innovative menu crafted with fresh, high-quality ingredients and impeccable presentation.
Malaka Spice: Known for its vibrant ambiance and eclectic menu, Malaka Spice is a beloved destination for lovers of Southeast Asian cuisine. From fragrant Thai curries to tangy Vietnamese salads, Malaka Spice offers a diverse culinary experience that delights the senses.
German Bakery: A Pune institution, the German Bakery is cherished for its cozy atmosphere and delectable baked goods. Whether it’s freshly baked bread, savory quiches, or decadent pastries, this charming café is a favorite among locals and tourists alike.
Café Moshes: Tucked away in Koregaon Park, Café Moshes is renowned for its relaxed vibe and delicious comfort food. From hearty sandwiches to indulgent desserts, this café offers a menu that caters to diverse tastes, making it a popular choice for casual dining.
The Flour Works: With its emphasis on fresh, seasonal ingredients and artisanal bread, The Flour Works has carved a niche for itself in Pune’s culinary scene. Whether it’s a leisurely brunch or an intimate dinner, this charming café offers a menu that celebrates the joys of simple yet flavorful cuisine.
Arthur’s Theme: Inspired by the legendary King Arthur, this restaurant exudes old-world charm and sophistication. Known for its European-inspired menu and extensive wine list, Arthur’s Theme offers an elegant dining experience that transports diners to a bygone era.

These are just a few highlights from Pune’s vibrant culinary landscape, which continues to evolve with new flavors and experiences waiting to be discovered. Whether you’re craving authentic regional cuisine or international flavors, Pune’s top restaurants promise a gastronomic adventure like no other.

The Power of Publishing: Why Getting Your Book into the World Matters

Daily writing prompt

Write a letter to your 100-year-old self.

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In the vast landscape of literature, the act of publishing a book holds an undeniable allure. It’s not merely about seeing your name in print or holding a tangible manifestation of your ideas; it’s about the profound impact that your words can have on the world. Whether you’re a seasoned author or an aspiring writer, the journey from manuscript to publication carries immense significance, both personally and culturally.

At its core, publishing a book is an act of sharing. It’s about taking the stories, insights, and knowledge that reside within the depths of your mind and offering them to the world. In doing so, you open the door to connection, conversation, and understanding. Your words have the power to resonate with readers, to evoke emotion, to provoke thought, and perhaps even to inspire action.

One of the key reasons why getting your book published is important lies in its potential to reach and impact others. In a world where ideas are exchanged at lightning speed through digital mediums, the written word still holds a unique and enduring power. Books have the ability to transcend barriers of time, space, and culture, allowing readers to explore new worlds, gain fresh perspectives, and delve into the depths of the human experience.

Moreover, the act of publishing a book can be a deeply fulfilling and transformative experience on a personal level. It’s a testament to your dedication, creativity, and perseverance as a writer. The process of bringing a manuscript to publication involves countless hours of writing, revising, and refining—a journey that demands both skill and tenacity. Seeing your book on shelves or in the hands of readers is not just a moment of validation; it’s a reminder of your capacity to turn dreams into reality.

Furthermore, publishing a book can provide numerous opportunities for growth and learning. It requires you to engage with editors, agents, publishers, and readers, each offering valuable insights and feedback that can help you hone your craft. Whether it’s learning to navigate the intricacies of the publishing industry or developing a deeper understanding of your own voice and style as a writer, the journey to publication is rich with lessons and experiences.

Beyond the personal and professional benefits, the importance of getting your book published extends to its broader cultural impact. Literature has the power to shape societies, challenge norms, and spark movements. Throughout history, books have served as catalysts for change, fostering empathy, tolerance, and social justice. By adding your voice to the collective tapestry of human expression, you contribute to the ongoing dialogue that shapes our understanding of the world.

In essence, the act of publishing a book is not just about putting words on paper; it’s about sharing your voice, your stories, and your ideas with the world. It’s about embracing the power of the written word to connect, inspire, and transform. So, if you’re sitting on a manuscript, wondering whether to take the leap into the world of publishing, remember this: your words matter, and the world is waiting to hear them.

Understanding the Dynamics of Caste and Creed: A Societal Examination

Daily writing prompt

What is one question you hate to be asked? Explain.

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Caste and creed are two intricately intertwined concepts that have deeply influenced societies across the globe for centuries. Both terms carry significant weight in shaping social structures, cultural identities, and individual experiences. While often discussed separately, understanding their interplay is crucial for comprehending the complexities of societal dynamics.

Caste: An Ancient Social Hierarchy

Caste refers to a hereditary social class system prevalent in many societies, notably in South Asia. Originating from ancient Hindu scriptures, caste delineates societal stratification based on birth, occupation, and social status. Traditionally, society was divided into four main castes, namely Brahmins (priests and scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (merchants and traders), and Shudras (laborers and artisans), with Dalits (formerly known as “untouchables”) marginalized outside this system.

Caste dictates various aspects of life, including occupation, marriage, and social interactions, often determining an individual’s opportunities and privileges. Despite legal abolishment and efforts towards social reform, caste-based discrimination and prejudice persist, perpetuating inequalities and hindering social mobility.

Creed: The Essence of Belief

Creed encompasses a set of beliefs or principles that guide an individual’s religious, spiritual, or philosophical convictions. It transcends mere religious affiliation, encompassing ideologies, values, and worldviews that shape one’s identity and interactions with the world. Creed influences moral conduct, societal norms, and cultural practices, providing a framework for individual and collective behavior.

Religious creed, in particular, holds immense significance in shaping communities and societies worldwide. It fosters solidarity among adherents, serving as a source of comfort, guidance, and communal identity. However, creed can also be a source of division, leading to sectarianism, intolerance, and conflict when differences are perceived as threats to established norms or power structures.

Interplay of Caste and Creed

The intersection of caste and creed profoundly influences social dynamics, particularly in regions where both concepts are deeply ingrained in the fabric of society. Religious communities often align with specific caste groups, intertwining religious identity with social status and cultural practices. This intersectionality manifests in various ways:

Caste-Based Exclusivity within Religious Communities: In some societies, caste serves as a determinant of access and participation within religious institutions and rituals. Certain castes may be marginalized or excluded from full participation in religious activities, reinforcing social hierarchies within religious frameworks.
Inter-Caste Marriage and Social Stigma: Inter-caste marriages challenge traditional social norms and face resistance from families and communities adhering to strict caste boundaries. Religious creed may exacerbate these tensions, as marriage is not only a union of individuals but also a merging of social identities and cultural practices.
Political Mobilization and Identity Politics: Caste and religious identities often intersect in the political arena, with leaders mobilizing support based on shared caste or religious affiliations. This exploitation of identity politics can deepen divisions and perpetuate social inequalities, hindering efforts towards inclusive governance and social cohesion.
Resistance and Reform Movements: Despite the entrenched nature of caste-based discrimination, religious creed has also been a catalyst for social reform movements advocating for equality and justice. Leaders from marginalized caste groups have drawn inspiration from religious teachings to challenge oppressive systems and promote social change.

Challenges and Pathways Forward

Addressing the complexities of caste and creed requires a multifaceted approach that acknowledges historical injustices, respects cultural diversity, and promotes inclusive social policies. Key considerations include:

Legal Protections and Enforcement: Robust legal frameworks are essential for combating caste-based discrimination and ensuring the rights of marginalized communities. Efforts to enforce anti-discrimination laws must be accompanied by awareness campaigns and capacity-building initiatives to foster social inclusion.
Education and Awareness: Education plays a vital role in challenging entrenched beliefs and fostering empathy and understanding across caste and religious divides. Incorporating diverse perspectives into curricula and promoting interfaith dialogue can contribute to building more tolerant and cohesive societies.
Community Empowerment and Dialogue: Grassroots initiatives that empower marginalized communities and facilitate dialogue between different caste and religious groups are crucial for fostering social cohesion. By promoting mutual understanding and cooperation, communities can work towards dismantling barriers and building inclusive societies.
Promotion of Intersectional Approaches: Recognizing the intersectionality of caste, creed, gender, and other forms of identity is essential for developing holistic solutions to social inequalities. Policies and programs should address multiple dimensions of discrimination to ensure that no individual or community is left behind.

In conclusion, the interplay of caste and creed shapes the social, cultural, and political landscapes of many societies, presenting both challenges and opportunities for social cohesion and justice. By addressing entrenched prejudices, promoting inclusive policies, and fostering dialogue and solidarity, societies can strive towards a more equitable and harmonious future.

Top 10 Scholars of the World

Daily writing prompt

If you could be someone else for a day, who would you be, and why?

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here’s a list of ten influential scholars from various fields, although “top” is subjective and may vary depending on criteria like impact, citations, awards, and contributions to their respective fields:

Photo by Davis Su00e1nchez on Pexels.com

Noam Chomsky (Linguistics, Philosophy, Cognitive Science): Known for his groundbreaking work in linguistics, Chomsky is also a prominent figure in political activism and philosophy. His theories on generative grammar have revolutionized the study of language.
Stephen Hawking (Theoretical Physics, Cosmology): Renowned for his work on black holes, Hawking made significant contributions to our understanding of the universe despite battling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). His book “A Brief History of Time” brought complex scientific concepts to a wider audience.
Angela Davis (Social Activism, Critical Theory): A scholar-activist, Davis is known for her work in feminism, Marxism, and prison abolitionism. Her writings on race, class, and gender have had a profound impact on social justice movements globally.
Michio Kaku (Theoretical Physics, Futurism): Kaku is a leading theoretical physicist known for his work on string theory and his popular science books exploring the future of technology and humanity. He’s a frequent commentator on science and technology in the media.
Judith Butler (Gender Studies, Philosophy): Butler’s contributions to gender theory and queer studies have reshaped how we understand identity and performativity. Her book “Gender Trouble” is considered a seminal work in feminist philosophy.
Edward Said (Literary Theory, Postcolonialism): Said’s work on Orientalism and colonial discourse has had a profound impact on literary studies, cultural studies, and postcolonial theory. His critiques of Western representations of the Middle East continue to influence academic discourse.
Cornel West (Philosophy, African American Studies): A public intellectual and political activist, West is known for his work on race, class, and democracy. His blend of philosophy, theology, and social criticism has made him a prominent figure in contemporary American thought.
Mary Beard (Classics, Ancient History): A distinguished classicist, Beard’s work on ancient Rome and Greece has brought new insights into the study of antiquity. Her engaging writing style and public engagement have made her a leading figure in popularizing the classics.
Amartya Sen (Economics, Social Choice Theory): Sen’s contributions to welfare economics and social choice theory have earned him the Nobel Prize in Economics. His work on poverty, development, and capabilities has had a significant impact on global policy.
bell hooks (Feminist Theory, Cultural Criticism): An influential feminist theorist and cultural critic, hooks’ work on intersectionality, love, and the politics of representation has been pivotal in feminist thought. Her accessible writing style has made her ideas accessible to a wide audience.

This list represents just a fraction of the many scholars making significant contributions to their respective fields.

Increase in Employees’ Pension Fund pension

Representations have been received from various stakeholders including trade unions and public representatives to increase the minimum pension under the Employees’ Pension Scheme (EPS), 1995 from existing Rs. 1000/- per month.

The EPS, 1995 is a “Defined Contribution-Defined Benefit” Social Security Scheme. The corpus of the Employees’ Pension Fund is made up of (i) contribution by the employer @ 8.33 per cent of wages; and (ii) contribution from Central Government through budgetary support @ 1.16 per cent of wages up to an amount of Rs.15,000/- per month. All benefits under the scheme are paid out of such accumulations. The fund is valued annually as mandated under paragraph 32 of the EPS, 1995 and as per the valuation of the fund as on 31.03.2019, there is an actuarial deficit.

Amount of member’s pension under the Scheme is determined taking into account the pensionable period of service and pensionable salary as per following formula:

Pensionable Service X Pensionable Salary

However, the Government, for the first time, in the year 2014, provided a minimum pension of Rs. 1000 per month to the pensioners under the EPS, 1995 by providing budgetary support, which was in addition to the budgetary support of 1.16 per cent of wages provided annually towards EPS to Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO).

Safety of workers at construction sites

The Central Government is committed to protect and promote the welfare, social security, safety and health of labourers. The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 [BOCW (RE&CS) Act, 1996] and Central rules, 1998 regulate the employment and conditions of service of building and other construction workers, provide for their safety, health and welfare measures and for other matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

India, being a founding member of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) has deep respect for its principles and objectives. The Government of India has always upheld the basic tenets of ILO in regard to conventions related to health and safety of labourers. The provision of the BOCW (RE&CS) Act, 1996 and Rules made thereunder are the comprehensive legislations stipulated all the measure to ensure Welfare, Safety and Health at construction site as par of ILO convention no. 167.

The provisions related to Safety are covered in Chapter VII of the BOCW (RE&CS) Act 1996 and the same are enforced along with other provisions of the Act and the BOCW (RE&CS) Central Rules 1998. The Chapter XIII of the BOCW (RE&CS) Central Rules, 1998 deals with exclusive provision for Excavation and Tunnelling Works under Rule 119 to 168.

The CLC(C) organization through its field offices enforces various provisions of the BOCW (RE&CS) Act 1996 and the rules made thereunder ensuring the safety measures of workers working in construction sites in the Central Sphere. Regular inspections are conducted by the Chief Labour Commissioner (Central) [CLC(C)] Organisation in the Central Sphere as per the Inspection Scheme of the Ministry of Labour & Employment.

Further, in order to augment the eﬀorts in the direction of safety and health of construction workers, “Construction Advisory Service (CAS) Division” has been created in Directorate General of Factory Advice Service & Labour Institutes (DGFASLI). The “Construction Advisory Service (CAS) Division” at DGFASLI, Mumbai has initiated various certificate courses in the field of Construction Safety.

Further, a Model Welfare Scheme for BOC Workers and Action Plan for strengthening Implementation Machinery were forwarded to all States/UTs, wherein the State / UT Governments through their State/UT BOCW Welfare Boards were entrusted upon to comply with the Scheme for the welfare of the construction workers and asking the State Welfare Boards to formulate and implement these kind of welfare schemes including in respect of Life and disability cover, health and maternity cover, education of the wards of the workers, transit housing, skill development, awareness programs and pension to registered BOC workers.

Moreover, Several directions under Section 60 of the BOCW (RE&CS) Act, 1996 have been issued from time to time to State/UT BOCW Welfare Boards for implementation of the provisions of the Act and for optimum utilization of the cess funds for the social security & other welfare measures of the BOC workers which include the benefits of welfare schemes of the State Welfare Boards and social security schemes of the Central/State Governments.

The Government is always attentive to take cognizance of such type of accidents and take timely appropriate action. In the recent accident at Silkyara in Uttarkashi wherein main thrust of the operation was of saving the precious lives of labourers.

Therefore, despite the fact that the site was a hilly area and various technical and other intricacies involved, the entire Government machinery in a planned manner & taking all precautionary measures with the help of local administration and duly monitored by the Central Government ensured safe rescue of all the trapped workers.

The Provisions of the BOCW (RE&CS) Act, 1996 and BOCW (RE&CS) Central Rules, 1998 ensure the safety of workers at construction sites. Rule 36 of Chapter VI deals with provisions for emergency action plan. The Chapter XIII deals with exclusive provision for Excavation and Tunnelling Works under Rule 119 to 168, comprehensively dealing with safety provision in case of workers trapped inside of tunnel.

As per Rule 36 of the Central Rules, 1998, in case more than 500 building workers are employed at a construction site, the employer shall ensure that the emergency action plan to handle the emergencies like fire and explosion, collapse of lifting appliances and transport equipment, collapse of building, sheds or structure, etc., gas leakage or spillage of dangerous goods or chemicals, drowning of building workers, sinking of vessels, and landslides getting building workers buried, floods, storms and other natural calamities, is prepared and submitted for the approval of the Director General of Inspections under BOCW Act, 1996.

Set up of schools for child labour

The Ministry of Labour & Employment had implemented the National Child Labour Project (NCLP) Scheme for rehabilitation of child labourers through District Project Societies under the chairmanship of the District Magistrate since inception of the Scheme in 1988. Under the NCLP scheme, the children in the age group of 9-14 years are rescued / withdrawn from work and enrolled in the NCLP Special Training Centres (STCs), where they are provided with bridge education, vocational training, mid-day meal, stipend, health care, etc. before being mainstreamed into formal education system. NCLP scheme has now been subsumed under Samagara Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) Scheme with effect from 01.04.2021. Henceforth, the recused child labourers will be mainstreamed into formal education system through STC operational under SSA. At present, no Special Training Centres (STC) is functional under NCLP scheme.

No new STCs under NCLP Project have been approved after 31.03.2021. The number of districts in which Special Training Centres under NCLP Scheme were sanctioned since inception as on 31.03.2021 is at Annexure-I.

The details of funds released under the NCLP scheme during 2020-21 to 2022-23 is at Annexure-II. As on 31.03.2023, around 14.3 lakh children were rescued/withdrawn from work, rehabilitated and mainstreamed under National Child Labour Project (NCLP) Scheme since inception of the Scheme.

Annexure-I

Number of Districts in which Special Training Centres were sanctioned under NCLP Scheme since inception as on 31.03.2021

Sl. No.	Name of State	No. of Sanctioned NCLP Districts
	Andhra Pradesh	13
	Assam	5
	Bihar	24
	Chhattisgarh	8
	Gujarat	9
	Haryana	3
	Jammu & Kashmir	3
	Jharkhand	8
	Karnataka	17
	Madhya Pradesh	22
	Maharashtra	18
	Nagaland	1
	Odisha	24
	Punjab	3
	Rajasthan	27
	Tamil Nadu	18
	Telangana	31
	Uttar Pradesh	56
	Uttarakhand	13
	West Bengal	20
	Delhi	1
	Total	324

Annexure –II

Grant Released under National Child Labour Project Scheme, State-wise, during 2020-21 to 2022-23:

( Rs. In Lakhs)

Sl. No.	Name of State	2020-21	2021-22	2022-23
1	Andhra Pradesh	306.29	32.01	116.37
2	Assam	49.64	81.10	140.68
3	Chhattisgarh	0	0	0
4	Gujarat	61.36	12.23	0
5	Haryana	116.83	34.79	0
6	Jammu & Kashmir	32.48	0	12.70
7	Jharkhand	177.42	0	60.73
8	Karnataka	82.74	7.53	18.14
9	Madhya Pradesh	363.41	143.29	236.50
10	Maharashtra	931.49	196.53	102.54
11	Nagaland	0	0	0
12	Odisha	115.16	236.66	57.24
13	Punjab	206.41	317.35	37.53
14	Rajasthan	124.19	16.64	0.64
15	Tamil Nadu	482.00	323.45	184.74
16	Telangana	152.86	71.56	94.65
17	Uttar Pradesh	433.83	137.70	99.91
18	Uttarakhand	0	0	0
19	West Bengal	463.37	203.10	424.26

This information was given by Union Minister of State for Labour and Employment Shri Rameshwar Teli in a written reply in the Lok Sabha today.

***

Improvement of employment generation

The data on Employment and Unemployment is collected through Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) which is conducted by the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI) since 2017-18. The survey period is July to June every year. As per the latest available Annual PLFS Reports, the estimated Worker Population Ratio (WPR) on usual status for persons of age 15 years & above during the years 2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21, 2021-22 and 2022-23 is 47.3%, 50.9%, 52.6%, 52.9% and 56.0%, respectively. The data indicates that the WPR, indicating employment, has an increasing trend over the years.

Rozgar Mela events are being held across the country and the new appointees are inducted into various Central Ministries/ Departments/ Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSUs)/ Autonomous Bodies including Health & Education Institutes, Public Sector Banks etc. Filling up of vacant posts in various Ministries/Departments is a continuous process. All vacant posts are being filled in a Mission Mode.

As per the Annual Report on Pay and Allowances released by Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance, the number of regular civilian employees in Central Government and Union Territory administrations were 31.91 lakh, 31.15 lakh and 30.64 lakh as on 01.03.2020, 01.03.2021 and 01.03.2022, respectively. The State Government-wise information is not maintained centrally.

Total number of candidates recommended by Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), Staff Selection Commission (SSC) and Railway Recruitment Board (RRB) for appointment in Central Government was 1,61,550 during the year 2022-23. Apart from this, SSC and RRBs have recommended 1,03,196 candidates for appointment in the 1st quarter of 2023-24.

As per the information available with Department of Public Enterprises (DPE), Ministry of Finance, the total number of regular employees working in Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) was 9.20 lakh, 8.61 lakh and 8.60 lakh during 2019-20, 2020- 21 and 2021-22, respectively.

Further, the net addition in Employees’ Provident Fund Organization (EPFO) subscriptions is an indicator of the extent of formalisation of the job market, and the coverage of social security benefits to the organized/ semi-organized sector workforce. The net addition in EPF subscribers during the period 2020-21 to 2022-23 are as follows:

Years	Net addition in EPF subscribers (all ages)
2020-21	77,08,375
2021-22	1,22,34,625
2022-23	1,38,51,689

Source: EPFO, Payroll data

The Aatmanirbhar Bharat Rojgar Yojana (ABRY) was launched with effect from 1st October, 2020 to incentivize employers for creation of new employment and restoration of loss of employment during Covid-19 pandemic. The terminal date for registration of beneficiaries was 31.03.2022. Since inception of the scheme, till 19.01.2024, benefits have been provided to 60.49 lakhs beneficiaries under the scheme.

Employment generation coupled with improving employability is the priority of the Government. Accordingly, the Government of India has taken various steps for generating employment in the country.

Investments in Infrastructure and productive capacity have a large multiplier impact on growth and employment. The budget of 2023-24 proposed to increase capital investment outlay steeply for the third year in a row by 33 per cent to Rs 10 lakh crore, which would be 3.3 per cent of GDP. This substantial increase in recent years is central to the government’s efforts to enhance growth potential and job creation.

The Government of India has announced Aatmanirbhar Bharat package to provide stimulus to business and to mitigate the adverse impact of Covid-19. Under this package, the Government is providing fiscal stimulus of more than Rupees Twenty Seven lakh crore. This package comprises of various long term schemes/programmes/policies for making the country self-reliant and to create employment opportunities.

Government is implementing Prime Minister Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi Scheme) since June 01, 2020 to facilitate collateral free working capital loan to street vendors to restart their businesses, which were adversely impacted during the Covid-19 pandemic. As on 31.01.2024, 83.67 lakh loans have been sanctioned under the scheme.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) was launched by the Government for facilitating self-employment. Under PMMY, collateral free loans upto Rs. 10 lakh, are extended to micro/small business enterprises and to individuals to enable them to setup or expand their business activities. As on 26.01.2024, more than 46.16 crore loans were sanctioned under the scheme.

The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes is being implemented by the Government with an outlay of Rs. 1.97 lakh crore, for a period of 5 years starting from 2021-22 which have potential for creating 60 lakh new jobs.

PM GatiShakti is a transformative approach for economic growth and sustainable development. The approach is driven by seven engines, namely, Roads, Railways, Airports, Ports, Mass Transport, Waterways and Logistics Infrastructure. This approach is powered by Clean Energy and SabkaPrayas leading to huge job and entrepreneurial opportunities for all.

The Government of India is encouraging various projects involving substantial investment and public expenditure on schemes like Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Pt. DeenDayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes (RSETIs) and Deen Dayal Antodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) etc. for employment generation.

To enhance the employability of the youth, the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is implementing the “National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)” wherein the Government reimburses 25 percent of the stipend payable to apprentices.

The Government is implementing a programme for skilling of rural youth for entrepreneurship development through Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes (RSETIs).

Besides these initiatives, various flagship programmes of the Government such as Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India, Digital India, Housing for All etc. are also oriented towards generating employment opportunities in the country.

All these initiatives are expected to collectively generate employment in the medium to long term through multiplier-effects.

Entrepreneurs after employment

Under Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY), collateral-free institutional credit upto Rs. 10 lakh is provided to any individual, who is otherwise eligible to take a loan and has a business plan for small business enterprise can avail loan under the Scheme. Loans can be availed for income generating activities in the manufacturing, trading, services sector and also for activities allied to agriculture under three categories, viz. Shishu (loans up to Rs. 50,000), Kishor (loans above Rs. 50,000 and up to Rs. 5 lakh) and Tarun (loans above Rs. 5 lakh and up to Rs. 10 lakh).

As on 24.11.2023, more than 44.46 crore loans amounting to Rs. 25.47 lakh crore have been disbursed to the borrowers under PMMY since inception. Further, the State/U.T./ -wise details of loans sanctioned and amount disbursed under the Scheme, are placed at Annexure-II.

The Government has been implementing various initiatives under the Startup India initiative which was launched on 16th January 2016 in order to build a strong ecosystem for nurturing innovation, startups and encouraging investments in the startup ecosystem of the country.

Stand UP India (SUPI) was launched on 5th April 2016, with the aim to promote entrepreneurship among the Scheduled Caste/ Scheduled Tribe and Women by facilitating bank loans between Rs.10 lakh and Rs.100 lakh to at least one SC/ST borrower and one Woman borrower per bank branch of Scheduled Commercial Banks for setting up Greenfield enterprises in trading, manufacturing, services sectors and activities allied to agriculture.

PM SVANidhi was launched on 1st June, 2020, to provide, collateral free loans in three tranches i.e. Rs.10,000 in first tranche, upto Rs.20,000 in second tranche and upto Rs.50,000 in third tranche to street vendors.

Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is implementing the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) to enhance the employability of youth.

Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) through Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC), is implementing Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) for assisting entrepreneurs across the country in setting up of new units in the non-farm sector. It aims to provide employment opportunities to traditional artisans/ rural and urban unemployed youth at their doorstep.

PM Vishwakarma was launched on 17th September, 2023. The Scheme aims to provide end-to end holistic support to traditional artists and craftspeople engaged in 18 identified trades through access to skill training, collateral-free credit, modern tools, market linkage support and incentive for digital transactions.

Annexure-I

State/UT-wise estimated Self-employed workers (in %) in usual status during 2021-22 to 2022-23.

S. No.	States/UTs	2021-22	2022-23
S. No.	States/UTs	2021-22	2022-23
1	Andhra Pradesh	43.4	45.5
2	Arunachal Pradesh	71.9	74.3
3	Assam	61.2	57.2
4	Bihar	59	63.9
5	Chhattisgarh	66.8	67.3
6	Delhi	31.1	34.6
7	Goa	37.1	35.1
8	Gujarat	54.5	53.2
9	Haryana	44.6	45.3
10	Himachal Pradesh	69.1	71.8
11	Jharkhand	66.3	69.9
12	Karnataka	48.1	48.5
13	Kerala	38.3	39.7
14	Madhya Pradesh	63.4	63.8
15	Maharashtra	45.7	47.9
16	Manipur	64.3	69.9
17	Meghalaya	47.7	48
18	Mizoram	68.8	69.1
19	Nagaland	63.5	67
20	Odisha	60.1	64.3
21	Punjab	44.3	45.1
22	Rajasthan	68.9	69.8
23	Sikkim	55.2	61.9
24	Tamil Nadu	36.8	35.7
25	Telangana	63.9	60.1
26	Tripura	52	56.7
27	Uttarakhand	59.8	66.4
28	Uttar Pradesh	70.9	71.2
29	West Bengal	49.9	54.6
30	Andaman & N. Island	42.5	44.1
31	Chandigarh	26.7	20.6
32	Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu	23.1	33.7
33	Jammu & Kashmir	62.4	68.3
34	Ladakh	55.4	66.9
35	Lakshadweep	23.4	37.2
36	Puducherry	34.7	29.7
37	all India	55.8	57.3

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

Annexure-II

State/ UT-wise/ Year-wise details of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) for the year 2021-22 to 2023-24 (As on 24.11.2023)
(Amount in Rs. Crore)
	Financial Year	F.Y. 2021-22			F.Y. 2022-23			F.Y. 2023-24 (as on 24.11.2023)
Sr No	State/ U.T. Name	No. of Loan A/Cs	Sanctioned Amount	Disbursed Amount	No. of Loan A/Cs	Sanctioned Amount	Disbursed Amount	No. of Loan A/Cs	Sanctioned Amount	Disbursed Amount
1	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	1,901	77.40	76.53	3,463	127.29	124.34	1,863	71.69	69.82
2	Andhra Pradesh	11,17,922	11,829.82	11,445.42	13,48,593	16,450.70	16,212.30	8,77,921	11,120.98	10,898.90
3	Arunachal Pradesh	5,705	90.50	86.51	17,193	224.78	214.59	17,070	186.56	180.14
4	Assam	6,82,889	4,866.50	4,577.28	5,99,213	6,300.99	6,182.19	1,91,868	2,360.63	2,268.69
5	Bihar	66,78,155	32,096.95	30,725.07	84,89,231	46,463.15	45,448.59	41,47,624	24,436.54	23,270.68
6	Chandigarh	14,926	281.66	273.03	17,261	301.41	293.58	8,659	180.19	173.25
7	Chhattisgarh	9,70,396	5,929.49	5,797.46	11,14,927	8,391.61	8,262.57	4,90,278	4,370.81	4,101.57
8	Dadra and Nagar Haveli & Daman and Diu	4,397	70.37	68.25	5,512	103.89	102.21	1,431	47.38	46.73
9	Delhi	1,94,835	2,616.58	2,559.59	3,37,476	3,800.63	3,759.22	1,67,717	2,334.36	2,263.22
10	Goa	35,950	491.36	472.87	42,745	719.27	700.19	23,943	445.90	430.94
11	Gujarat	15,90,960	12,152.39	11,990.04	17,84,437	17,668.10	17,507.49	9,77,786	10,302.51	10,126.93
12	Haryana	10,57,963	7,768.34	7,574.18	12,18,808	10,154.93	9,944.79	5,56,711	5,689.67	5,442.62
13	Himachal Pradesh	1,07,556	2,152.58	2,027.43	1,51,733	3,133.01	3,080.21	73,550	1,596.91	1,492.95
14	Jharkhand	17,77,882	8,817.00	8,615.43	20,56,159	11,266.17	11,097.08	11,31,935	6,674.13	6,506.88
15	Karnataka	42,98,481	28,695.29	28,374.92	55,92,066	40,964.95	40,746.09	33,80,637	25,375.92	25,244.95
16	Kerala	16,20,168	11,698.12	11,549.58	17,81,474	15,400.47	15,079.22	10,52,430	9,475.90	9,338.90
17	Lakshadweep	725	16.66	16.47	1,623	26.81	26.75	1,369	22.83	22.69
18	Madhya Pradesh	32,31,804	18,814.95	18,218.44	37,01,661	25,301.30	24,632.59	17,68,797	13,317.86	12,435.84
19	Maharashtra	41,58,052	25,797.74	25,416.48	52,53,324	36,531.98	36,104.52	29,14,993	22,696.41	22,402.83
20	Manipur	74,138	413.42	379.20	39,744	487.23	471.22	6,614	112.08	104.53
21	Meghalaya	16,892	211.84	204.01	24,937	340.62	331.52	14,322	210.18	203.91
22	Mizoram	11,396	211.29	192.30	23,394	424.40	420.92	16,555	336.70	333.11
23	Nagaland	15,191	229.00	209.49	15,172	314.62	296.78	10,424	222.87	216.79
24	Odisha	36,70,907	16,900.00	16,557.27	39,22,511	21,708.62	21,505.13	19,59,871	11,621.76	11,461.57
25	Pondicherry	1,31,525	801.43	795.30	98,394	741.23	735.74	78,104	589.45	586.36
26	Punjab	11,09,810	8,179.96	7,926.06	12,59,891	11,055.03	10,766.37	5,76,501	6,383.52	5,861.67
27	Rajasthan	26,67,998	18,999.20	18,728.94	29,77,440	24,686.97	24,492.62	13,93,347	13,791.47	13,626.31
28	Sikkim	11,059	162.54	156.89	13,805	225.77	219.30	8,509	112.22	106.02
29	Tamil Nadu	56,25,146	32,477.55	32,262.94	64,06,513	43,948.08	43,730.39	40,88,433	30,703.48	30,529.48
30	Telangana	5,33,545	6,168.85	6,010.47	6,39,323	8,134.81	7,995.30	4,26,660	5,488.43	5,315.61
31	Tripura	3,57,304	2,496.63	2,445.73	3,50,659	2,363.45	2,349.61	95,155	700.97	673.21
32	Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir	2,62,645	5,788.31	5,696.54	3,30,963	7,317.51	7,219.71	1,71,311	4,124.22	3,665.49
33	Union Territory of Ladakh	8,176	233.79	231.55	9,988	288.30	285.87	5,231	159.73	154.48
34	Uttar Pradesh	57,87,982	33,663.73	32,850.80	68,08,721	48,194.90	47,427.26	38,93,278	29,770.90	28,978.01
35	Uttarakhand	3,33,914	3,015.89	2,939.91	4,45,328	4,369.82	4,303.54	2,23,433	2,528.94	2,468.34
36	West Bengal	56,27,231	34,893.20	33,949.81	54,26,916	38,605.21	38,353.85	21,98,960	16,437.00	16,224.12
	All India	5,37,95,526	3,39,110.33	3,31,402.19	6,23,10,598	4,56,538.01	4,50,423.65	3,29,53,290	2,64,001.10	2,57,227.54
Source: As per data uploaded by Member Lending Institutions (MLIs) on Mudra Portal

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About the Fellowship

Concept Note

Aims and Objectives of the Fellowship Programme:

Terms and Conditions of the Fellowship Programme:

Procedure of Selection:

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