Life is something which we live in present
Life is a harsh reality and seems real
Sometimes it become difficult to bear and sometimes it become enjoyable
In life we will face many hurdles and should decide how to overcome accordingly
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SLEEP HYGIENE
“Sleep’s what we need. It produces an emptiness in us into which sooner or later energies flow.”
― John Cage.
Almost everyone has encountered a zombie-like feeling after a night of minimal or no sleep. Even after just one night without enough rest, we can feel drowsy during the day with slowed thinking, lack of energy, and an irritable mood.
Sleep deprivation is when you don’t get the sleep you need, and it is It’s estimated to affect most of the students, a problem that has only worsened in recent years.
Lack of sleep directly affects how we think and feel. While the short-term impacts are more noticeable, chronic sleep deprivation can heighten the long-term risk of physical and mental health problems.
If you eat well and exercise regularly, but don’t get at least seven hours of sleep every night, you may be undermining all of your other efforts.
How much sleep do you actually need?
Everyone feels better after a good night’s rest. But now, thanks to a report from the National Sleep Foundation, you can aim for a targeted sleep number tailored to your age.
- Older adults, 65+ years: 7 to 8 hours.
- Adults, 26 to 64 years: 7 to 9 hours.
- Young adults, 18 to 25 years: 7 to 9 hours.
- Teenagers, 14 to 17 years: 8 to 10 hours.
- School-age children, 6 to 13 years: 9 to 11 hours.
- Preschool children, 3 to 5 years: 10 to 13 hours.
- Toddlers, 1 to 2 years: 11 to 14 hours.
- Infants, 4 to 11 months: 12 to 15 hours.
- New-born, 0 to 3 months: 14 to 17 hours.
But a minimum of seven hours of sleep is a step in the right direction to improve your health.
What happens when you don’t get enough sleep?
Short-term problems can include:
- Lack of alertness. Even missing as little as 1.5 hours can have an impact on how you feel.
- Excessive daytime sleepiness. It can make you very sleepy and tired during the day.
- Impaired memory. Lack of sleep can affect your ability to think, remember and process information.
- Relationship stress. It can make you feel moody and you can become more likely to have conflicts with others.
- Quality of life. You may become less likely to participate in normal daily activities or to exercise.
- Greater likelihood for car accidents. Drowsy driving accounts for thousands of crashes, injuries and fatalities each year, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Chronic sleep deprivation can even affect your appearance. Over time, it can lead to premature wrinkling and dark circles under the eyes. There’s also a link between lack of sleep and an increase in the stress hormone, cortisol, in the body. Cortisol can break down collagen, the protein that keeps skin smooth.
So lack of sleep could mean more wrinkles! Understand why sleep is so important yet?
How to Sleep Better
If you’re experiencing mild, occasional problems with sleep, try these simple strategies to make you better.
1. Treat getting enough sleep as if it is as important as taking medicine.
With all the demands on our time every day, you might put a good night’s rest at the bottom of your priority list.
2. Keep a consistent wake time.
Wake up at the same time every day, including weekends or days off. Waking at the same time every day will actually help you to sleep better at night. A fixed wake time helps to build a strong desire for sleep throughout wakefulness. This sleep drive gradually builds, and shortening it by sleeping in will make it harder to fall asleep the next night. Sleeping in on the weekend makes it much more difficult to wake up earlier on Monday morning.
It also is important to do some relaxing activity such as taking a warm bath or reading a book before bedtime. By making these activities part of your bedtime ritual, you can train yourself to associate these activities with sleep. This association will help you to move more easily into slumber.
3. Put away the smart phones and tablets.
Electronic devices keep your mind humming — and far from the relaxed state you need to achieve before bedtime. So, keep away the gadgets at least an hour ago before sleep.
BOTTOM LINE
Getting frequent sunlight exposure during the day supports a healthy circadian rhythm that helps you be alert during the day and sleepy at night. Regular physical activity can also contribute to a normal sleep schedule, so try to engage in at least moderate exercise every day.
REFERENCES https://health.clevelandclinic.org/happens-body-dont-get-enough-sleep
University
In this world there are many universities to.study to gain knowledge. There are many universities having vast campus areawise
Students always demand having university with good infrastructure,good placement ,good health facilities, good sports equipments and much more
In universities there are many courses one can pursue in every field
Students generally choose what they fascinate them and choose accordingly
Intricacies of war and the way it is normalized in the 21st century
War is not completely about the action, in fact, to execute the fight, there is a vast economical, logistical factor and many budget constrans. Management plays a key role in such situation more than a day to day business, as every decision a person makes is associated with many lives and there is many stakeholder bodies to answer to.
People usually never fail to respect people in the navy, especially social media has been favoring them for their effort, but it is sad that their life in camps and other navy office workers is not completely transparent which leads to many false assumptions which usually underestimates their work portfolio and the work load, this leads to a lot misunderstanding from the reality. Let’s discuss some reality of War,
People die, not as obvious as its sounds, not on a bed or a hospital but in a survival situation where you either die or cut your hurt arm with a Swiss knife slowly feeling your own bone for the first time to live. Soldiers in action experience practical Paranoia, war never happens often but when it happens lot of trainees will on the field facing foreign men trying to kill by all means and act just as higher officials say who would let you die if it is necessary. There will be a lot of confusion despite the training, if you put your head over the barrier will you be seen or shot? Where are the enemy? Are they behind you? As you are fighting hand to hand, what are the odds you dying instead of him?
Migration(Keki Daruwalla)- Critical appreciation
Migrations are always difficult:
ask any drought,
any plague;
ask the year 1947.
Ask the chronicles themselves:
if there had been no migrations
would there have been enough
history to munch on?
Going back in time is also tough.
Ask anyone back-trekking to Sargodha
or Jhelum or Mianwali and they’ll tell you.
New faces among old brick;
politeness, sentiment,
dripping from the lips of strangers.
This is still your house, Sir.
And if you meditate on time
that is no longer time –
(the past is frozen, it is stone,
that which doesn’t move
and pulsate is not time) –
if you meditate on that scrap of time,
the mood turns pensive
like the monsoons
gathering in the skies
but not breaking.
Mother used to ask, don’t you remember my mother?
You’d be in the kitchen all the time
and run with the fries she ladled out,
still sizzling on the plate.
Don’t you remember her at all?
Mother’s fallen face
would fall further
at my impassivity.
Now my dreams ask me
If I remember my mother
And I am not sure how I’ll handle that.
Migrating across years is also difficult.
The writer Keki Daruwalla, starts right off referring to general crisis to help the readers to relate to his point of view (ask any…). He continues adding points that evokes a sense of a dramatic event (ask the chronicles). He slowly turns his narrative tone to a descriptive tone in order to deliver the sentiment right (Going back in time…sentiment dripping).
On the very next paragraph the writer talks about how difficult and sad it is to forget their good times in a creative manner with beautiful use of metaphor (like the monsoons gathering)
On the final paragraph, he brings the readers a step closer to his feelings by talking about family, flashing a dull theme on their minds. He explains how hard is to forget how his mother even looks and realizing how his mother would have felt when she asks the writer if he remembers her mother. This sentence also explains how long the entire partition process took. He finishes off his poem with these final words, “migrating across years is also difficult” where he clarifies all doubt and clearly states that it was all about the psychology effects and issues which trouble the people more than the migration itself.
Overall his poem talks about the leftover side of the “Partition” and adds weightage to it on the histories of India!
Animals that can go extinct by 2050
Climate change is real and happening rapidly causing our ecosystem to change drastically. As a result of this and poaching many animals can go extinct in next thirty years if we don’t do something about it. Scientists have said that this mass extinction might be the worse one our planet has had since the disappearance of dinosaurs.
Here is a list of few animals which can go extinct by 2050 if changes aren’t made.
Rhinos
All species of Rhinos face a risk now due to illegal poaching as their horns hold great value. Northern white rhino has only three left and Javan Rhino has merely 60. Steps need to be taken to protect them and it’s possible. The white Rhino was also on verge of extinction but due to conservation programs of South Africa their numbers have grown up to over 20,000. So donate and volunteer to make change.
Polar Bears
They may not yet be listed in endangered but their species are the one which is affected by climate change the most. Due to melting of ice they are forced to migrate for food and hence their habitat can soon be completely destroyed if nothing is being done about it. Evidence also states that some of them started mating with grizzly bears after migrating to less tropical zones and hence their pure species might as well go extinct. One important step people can take is participate in programs to reduce emission of greenhouse gases.
Gorillas
Currently four species of gorilla are listed as endangered. Cross river gorilla at less than 300, Eastland lowland gorilla whose population have gone down by 50 percent, and the mountain gorilla whose population is less than 900. The biggest threat to them is considered poaching, and habitat loss— due to mine digging. Western lowland gorillas are considered in critical state of being endangered due to Ebola virus, poaching and habitat loss. WWF organization helps to their cause and you can provide your assistance through donations.
Cheetahs
In over a century the total number of cheetah have gone down from over 100 thousand to less than ten thousand. The main threat to them is habitat loss. Cheetah conservation fund helps to their cause and you can volunteer and donate to give your assistant.
Orangutans
Both the species of Orangutan; Sumatran and Bornean are considered as endangered due to deforestation, hunting for bushmeat and wildlife trade. To support to the cause you can assist Orangutan foundation by donating and volunteering.
Sumatran Tigers
Their number is merely less than 500 now and due to habitat loss they are extremely endangered. They are a common victim of illegal poaching and wildlife trade. To help them Leonardo DiCaprio foundation and WWF came together for combined effort of doubling up the number of tigers by 2022. You can assist the cause by donating and volunteering.
Snow leopards
SAVING PRIVATE RYAN- MOVIE REVIEW
Right within the first ten minutes of this movie, you could tell that this wasn’t just going to be another generic war movie with heavy reliance on explosions or the excitement of the protagonist killing some Nazis. This film is meant to truly depict the horrors of wars and not just Hollywoodize the whole experience. Steven Spielberg helms this project beautifully, in the sense of not only accurately depicting what took place on that fateful day but also the mental stature of the soldiers going through it all. I also thoroughly enjoyed some of the artistic elements that Spielberg had to offer. I thought the eerie silence amidst all the explosion and gunfire panning across the casualties added a new degree of morbid realism. Though most of this movie is pretty dreary (as it is meant to be), whenever there is even a glimmer of hope for our protagonist there is just a profound feeling of happiness. This movie just magnifies your emotions that even the simplest laugh or just listening to a song just puts a smile on your face. Tom Hanks puts on a wonderful performance really depicting what a Captain might be going through physically and emotionally, at a time like this, coupled with his interesting character arc and characteristics . I felt the score by John Williams was strategically used, only to add more weight to a scene when it needed it, and not vacuously like so many other movies. The last thing I would like to praise is the masterful camera work and the adroit use of the hand held cam, adding to the realism. My only problems with the movie is that it appeared to drag a bit towards the end and its expandable crew.
How much salary does Cognizant pay to software engineers?
According to the JobBuzz data, here is the compensation of software engineers that Cognizant offers.
1. Software Developer/ Programmer
Software developers obtain compensation of Rs 2,73,617 per year on the minimum level and Rs 8,58,340 per year on the maximum level. The average salary of a software developer is Rs 4,84,968 annually.
2. Data Warehouse Developer
Annually, the minimum and maximum salary for a data warehouse developer are Rs 2,93,821 and Rs 9,47,472 respectively. The average compensation for the candidates is around Rs 5,30,472 per year.
3. Software Testing Engineer/ Test Automation Engineer
Software testing engineers obtain a salary of Rs 4,74,120 per year. The minimum and maximum compensations are Rs 2,43,227 and Rs 8,11,764 respectively depending on the experience of the candidates.
4. Tech Architect
On average, the salary of a tech architect is Rs 12,04,353 per year. The minimum and maximum compensation depending on the experience of the candidate are Rs 3,31,666 and Rs 23,38,366 annually.
5. Software Quality Assurance Analyst
Software quality assurance analyst compensation is around Rs 4,70,236 per year on average. The minimum compensation is Rs 2,52,693 per year and the maximum is Rs 8,02,490.
Developers dread these programming languages, but which one pays the most?
A portion of the report ranks programming languages by their correlating developer salary. If you’re looking to get paid well, it might be worth your time to learn Clojure and maybe not Dart
On Monday, Stack Overflow published the results of its 2021 Developer Survey. The findings highlight a range of sentiments and economic information such as developer attitudes toward specific “dreaded” languages and how much certain programming languages pay on average. So, which programming languages do developers love, and which one should you learn if you want to get paid top dollar?
Top programming languages: Loved, hated and wanted
Overall, the results are based on a global survey conducted in May and June of this year involving more than 83,000 software developers. Rust topped the list in terms of languages developers love versus the options they dreaded, with 86.98% of responses saying they loved Rust compared to the 13% of responses who dreaded it. Clojure ranked No. 2 in this regard with 81% of respondents saying they loved the language versus 18.88% who dreaded it.
Interestingly, there’s a marked drop-off between the top two and the rest of the field. TypeScript ranked third with 72.73% of respondents saying they loved the language versus 27.27% who dreaded it. In order, Elixir, Julia, and Python round out the top six.
On the other end of the spectrum, Cobol ranked at the least loved programming language, with 84.21% of respondents saying they dreaded it, versus 15.79% who loved it. In order, VBA, Matlab, Objective-C, Groovy and Assembly sat at the bottom of the list as the top six most dreaded programming languages.
A portion of the report identifies the programming languages developers wanted to have in their arsenal. Stack Overflow determined these languages based on the percentage of “developers who are not developing with the language or technology but have expressed interest in developing with it.” Python topped the list by a wide margin with 19.04% of respondents wanting the programming language, followed by runner-up TypeScript (15.29%). In order, JavaScript (14.59%), Go (14.54%), Rust (14.09%) and Node.js (11.9%) round out the top six most wanted programming languages.
“Rust is the “most loved” language for the sixth straight year, and Python was the “most wanted” for the fifth straight year. Though it’s not as “new” as Rust, Python is easy to learn and applicable across industries. It’s one of the most widely implemented languages, and programs tend to be clear and readable,” said Khalid El Khatib, SVP of marketing communications at Stack Overflow.
Top paying programming languages
A section of the report ranks programming languages by their correlating developer salary. To determine this figure, the survey asked respondents to list their total compensation. Clojure topped the list at $95,000 nearly $14,000 higher than runner-up F# ($81,037). Elixir and Erlang both garnered the same pay ($80,077) followed by Perl and Ruby, with both also earning the same pay ($80,000). On the economic flip side, Dart sat at the bottom of the list at $32,986, just a few grand below PHP ($38,916).
GREEDINESS – A HEART ISSUE!!!
Greediness is the path of destruction of people. When people are greedy, they are blinded by the wrong actions and never be able to come of from that without a constant effort. To make you understand easier, I brought you a story written by C. Rajagopalachari who is was the last Governor-General of India.
The protagonist of the story is Rammaya. He is a simple man living with his wife in a nice house made of tiled roof in a small town. Though he is not rich, he could take care of this family well. There lived two sparrows in the nice spot of the tiled roof of Rammaya’s house adn the mother bird has laid its eggs in the nest.
The male sparrow asked the female why Ramaya’s wife often quarrel with Rammaya. The female replied how could I know and told the male to mind its own business. Then the male sparrow said, you are always self-centered and also asked whether thy could help Rammaya. The female sparrow replied aggressively “don’t talk about the matter that does’nt concern us. It is enough for us if the cat doesn’t come to us”. Here comes the main twist.
The male sparrow picked a diamond nose-jewel somewhere from the land. As soon as picking it, went to its nest and asked the female bird ” Do you like it?” The female replied, what could I do with this diamond jewel. It scolded the male to bring food for the young ones. this male bird dropped the diamond jewel in the house and went to search food for the young ones.
Rammaya’s wife noticed the stud while sweeping the floor. She didn’t think of anything and with delight she wore it. Ramaya became angry and asked her how did she get that diamond stud. She replied causally that she found it and so she wore it. Rammaya insisted her to hand it over to the village magistrate. He also said, if police come and search for it, it will be a disgrace for us.
In the neighbourhood, the talk begun about the lost diamond-stud. The owner of the stud is Meenakshi Ammal’s daughter. She consoled the little girl and also said not to tell her father. If he knows he would in rage, said Meenakshi Ammal. But this talk was heard by the little girl’s father and it has to be admitted. The suspect was the maid-servant Kuppayi. The police searched her but could find nothing. After hearing this, Rammaya was very timid and his wife put the diamond ring in a safe place. Soon after that she had severe fever and was kept in the bed. So no one searched their house.
The male sparrow said, the lady of the house is scared and is down with fever. Replied the female sparrow, it is solely due to your doing. THe male answered bravely, “Did I ask her to steal it?” THis is because the humans are bound to be greedy. The female appreciated the male and said that we should never be greedy for what belongs to others.
The story came to an end by, Rammaya and his wife lived their whole life with the fear of being caught. THe diamond-stud may be with them but the fear of getting caught is more than that.
The thing I understand from the story is, We humans have six sense yet we don’t have conscience. We are greedy and not being truthful and helpful to others. We know birds have only five senses. Do think about the birds and humans. The birds aren’t greedy forwhat doesn’t belong to them. But the humans are greedy.
Even if you don’t help otherrs, try not to be greedy!!!
Everything You Should Know About Afghanistan Crisis
US Forces are pulling out from Afghanistan after 20 years of war. The US’s longest-ever war cost them hundreds of billions of dollars. Due to war thousands of people lost their lives and millions were displaced in their own country. In February 2020, both US and the Taliban signed a peace treaty that states that the Taliban will not allow the use of Afghan land as a terrorist base. Taliban also took the pledge of maintaining peace in the country. US President Joe Biden has set a symbolic date of 11 September 2021 for full withdrawal.
What Is Taliban?
Mullah Mohammad Omar, a Pashtun tribe member who became a mujahedeen commander and helped push the Soviets out of Afghanistan in 1989, created the Taliban in southern Afghanistan. Mullah Omar founded the organization in Kandahar in 1994 with around 50 members to combat the insecurity, corruption, and criminality that gripped Afghanistan during the post-Soviet civil war. In 1996, the Taliban rapidly conquered Kandahar and the capital, Kabul after which they imposed severe Islamic restrictions including Sharia Law, banning television and music, prohibiting girls from attending school, and requiring women to wear burqas from head to toe.
US Invasion in Afghanistan
On 11 September 2001, a terrorist attack happened in the US which took the lives of around 3000 civilians. Osama Bin Laden, the leader of the Islamic militant group Al-Qaeda took responsibility for the attack. Bin Laden ran to Afghanistan to seek shelter where the Taliban gave him protection and refused to hand over Laden to the US. After which the US intervened militarily in Afghanistan and removed the Taliban from power. By December 17, 2001, the US and its allies had removed the Taliban from power and established military bases near major towns around the country. During the Battle of Tora Bora, the majority of al-Qaeda and Taliban members escaped, either to Pakistan or fleeing to rural or remote mountainous areas.
As per the latest report, the Taliban has taken control of over 90% area of Afghanistan. More than 1,000 civilians lost their lives in the past month.
WEIGHT BEARERS OF THE BODY- THE KNEE JOINT
The knee joint is one of the biggest and most important joints in the lower part of the body. The knee plays an important role in distributing the body weight throughout the body. It is worth studying about this joint.
The knee joint is the tibiofemoral synovial hinge joint. This seems a bit complex. This can be easily understood by splitting each term.
- Tibio- tibia bone
- Femoral- femur bone
- Synovial- freely movable joint
- Hinge- swinging motion
We can consider the knee joint as a castle with the patellar bone as a castle wall protecting it from the front, the femur from top, tibia and fibula from bottom and muscles aiding these bones. In general, the massive structures protect the joint from mechanical damage like banging the knee onto a hard surface etc…
Credit:- OpenStax College Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013
The above diagram shows the complete parts of the knee joint. There are some terms that were not explained earlier. Bursa can be compared to a tin of oil or any other lubricant and structurally is like a sac containing fluid to reduce friction. Friction is
A physical quantity develops when two things come in contact and the lubricant is the one that provides a medium between the two objects thus reducing friction.
Here are the anatomical terms and their meaning:-
- Anterior-front
- Posterior-back
- Supra-upper
- Infra-lower
- Cruciate-cross shape
- Pre-before
The fat pad is the one present beneath the knee bone and acts as a cushion for the joint. Ligaments are the primary elements of the knee joint which connect bone to bone.
There are two types of ligaments namely ACL and PCL. They connect the tibia to the femur as mentioned earlier through the term tibiofemoral. ACL is medial (present more close to centre) than PCL and PCL are lateral (present far from the centre).
NOTE:-Understanding these structures are very important as an imbalance in each structure can lead to a disorder.
The knee is the largest known joint in the human body which performs very complex functions. The various functions are:-
- It bears the weight load and prevents the lower legs to take in all the weight.
- Acts as a supportive agent to the body.
- Provides motion but is limited.
- Coordination of the movement of upper and lower legs
- Fat present in knee acts as thermal insulator
- Bursa reduces friction between the bones
- Synovial fluid acts as medium for bones to articulate with.
As mentioned earlier motion is a key aspect amongst the functions of the knee. The following table shows the various movements exhibited directly or indirectly using the knee.
Knee movements are of two types- primary and secondary.
| Name | Meaning |
| Flexion | Decreasing the angle |
| Extension | Increasing the angle |
| Medial rotation | Rotating towards centre |
| Lateral rotation | Rotating away from centre |
| Adduction | Moving towards middle |
| Abduction | Moving away from the middle |
| Anterio-posterior displacement | Front and back movement |
Flexion, extension, medial and lateral rotations constitute the primary movements. Adduction, abduction and anterio-posterior displacement constitute secondary movements. Hence all these movements can be offered by the knee. In addition to that knee joint also has sensory receptors and produce proprioreceptic information about the position of knee.
The ligaments contribute more towards the stability of the joint as compared to other elements. The several structures inside the knee must perform perfectly so that the knee functions properly as a whole. The knee joint is hinge type and hence it is more vulnerable to injury (stretching beyond the limit leads to injury). In case of injury, the damaged cells start to heal when the stress is removed but there is a chance of losing their functions as there is a chance of them getting replaced with scars.
It is absolutely worth knowing about the structure and function of the knee joint and how they help to carry ourselves on.
HAPPY LEARNING!!
MENSTRUATION!!!
Menstruation, when we say this word some people will feel awkard or uncomfortable in their point of view. This is a God given gift to every women. They carry a life within them. This cannot be felt by men. But I don’t know why men feel uncomfortable when we talk about Menstruation in front of them. In early days, our grandmother used to say not to talk about this mentruation in front of everyone. In girls life, if the menstrual cycle starts, they are abide by many rules by the elderly. I am happy that mentruation has became a common thing now-a-days. Men also understand women’s pain and feeling during this mentruation. Now, let’s see about menstruation and menstrual hygiene.
During menstrual period, girls will have back pain, periodical cramps, mood swings etc. The child birth pain and periodical pain cannot be explained in words. Understand the pain of your mother or sister or wife and be helpful to them during these menstrual days.
Menstrual Cycle
The cyclic events that occurs during the reproductive phase of every women’s life is called Menstrual cycle or period. The menstrual cycle starts at the age of 11-13 which is the onset of puberty that is called, menarche and this menstrual cycle stops around the age of 48-50 years and this is called menopause. This reproductive period is marked by series of events repeated almost every month in physiologically normal women in the form of menstrual flow. This menstrual flows occurs once in 28 days with slight variation.
This menstrual cycle consists 4 phases;
- Menstrual phase
- Follicular phase
- Ovulatory phase
- Luteal phase
These phases shows simultaneous synchorny of events in both ovary and uterus. The changes in ovary and uterus are due to induced pituitary hormones and ovarian hormones. Let’s see about each phase of the menstrual cycle.
MENSTRUAL PHASE
This phase is also called destructive phase. The cycle starts with menstrual flow and occurs upto 4-5 days. Menstrual flow is nothing but the breaking of the endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels due to the decreased level of progesterone and estrogen.
FOLLICULAR PHASE
The follicular phase extends from 5th day of the cycke until ovulation. During this phase, the primary follicle in the ovary matures and the endometrium regenerates through proliferation. As said earlier, these changes are due the hormones induced by the secretion of gonadotropins. It stimulates follicular development and secretion of estrogen.
OVULATORY PHASE
The induced hormones like Follicular Stimulating Hormone and Lutenizing Hormone attain its peak level in the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. In this phase ovum is released into the peritoneal cavity.
LUTEAL PHASE
During luteal phase, the remaining part of the Graafian follicle is transformed into a transitory endocrine gland called corpus luteum. The corpus luteum secretes large amount of progesterone which is essential for the maintenance of the endometrium.
If fertilization takes place, it gives way to the implantation of the fertilized ovum. Menstruation occurs only if the released ovum is not fertilized. The absence of menstruation maybe an indicator of pregnancy. This could be also due to stress and anaemia. If you have irregular or absence of period, consult a doctor immediately.
MENSTRUAL HYGIENE
The health of every individual depends on the cleanliness of oneself. However, women should be hygienic in order to be healthy. This hygiene keep them free from skin and genitourinatory tract infection. It is vital for good health, well-being, dignity, empowerment and productivity of women. The impact of poor menstrual hygiene on girls is increased stress levels, fear and embarrassment during menstruation. This can keep girls inactive during such periods leading to absenteeism from school.
The basic menstrual hygiene ways are
- Sanitary pads should be changed regularly, to avoid infections due to microbes from vagina and sweat from genitals.
- Use of warm water to clean genitals helps to get rid of menstrual cramps.
- Wearing loose clothing rather than tight fitting clothes will ensure the airflow around the genitals and prevent sweating.
NAPKIN HYGIENE
- The sanitary pad and tampons should be wrapped properly and discarded because they can spread infections.
- Sanitary pad or tampon should not be flushed down the toilet.
- Napkin incinerators are to be used properly for disposal of used napkins.
I hope you would have some basic knowledge about menstruation and its hygiene. There are still people who don’t have menstrual education and awareness about the infections caused without menstrual and napkin hygiene.
PHYSICAL FITNESS
Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical exercise, and sufficient rest.Before the industrial revolution, fitness was defined as the capacity to carry out the day’s activities without undue fatigue or lethargy. However, with automation and changes in lifestyles physical fitness is now considered a measure of the body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to be healthy, to resist hypokinetic diseases, and to meet emergency situations.
EXERCISE :
Aerobic Exercise :
Cardiorespiratory fitness can be measured using VO2 max, a measure of the amount of oxygen the body can uptake and utilize. Aerobic exercise, which improves cardiorespiratory fitness, involves movement that increases the heart rate to improve the body’s oxygen consumption. This form of exercise is an important part of all training regiments ranging from professional athletes to the everyday person. Also, it helps increase stamina.
Example :
Jogging – Running at a steady and gentle pace. This form of exercise is great for maintaining weight and building a cardiovascular base to later perform more intense exercises.
Walking – Moving at a fairly regular pace for a short, medium or long distance.
Anaerobic Exercise :
Anaerobic exercise features high-intensity movements performed in a short period of time. It is a fast, high-intensity exercise that does not require the body to utilize oxygen to produce energy. It helps to promote strength, endurance, speed, and power; and is used by bodybuilders to build workout intensity. Thought to increase the metabolic rate which, allows you to burn additional calories as the body recovers from exercise due to an increase in body temperature and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) after the exercise ended.
Example :
Weight training – A common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.
Isometric exercise – Helps to maintain strength. A muscle action in which no visible movement occurs and the resistance matches the muscular tension.
ADVANTAGES :
Controlling blood pressure :
Physical fitness has proven to support the body’s blood pressure. Staying active and exercising regularly builds a stronger heart. The heart is the main organ in charge of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Engaging in a physical activity raises blood pressure. Once the subject stops the activity, the blood pressure returns to normal. The more physical activity, the easier this process becomes, resulting in a more ‘fit’ individual.
Cancer prevention :
Centers for disease control and prevention provide lifestyle guidelines for maintaining a balanced diet and engaging in physical activity to reduce the risk of disease. The WCRF/ American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) published a list of recommendations that reflect the evidence they have found through consistency in fitness and dietary factors that directly relate to cancer prevention.
Immune system :
Physical activity boosts the immune system. This is dependent on the concentration of endogenous factors (such as metabolic hormones and growth hormones), body temperature, blood flow, hydration status and body position.Physical activity has shown to increase the levels of natural killer (NK) cells, NK T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils, complements, cytokines, antibodies and T cytotoxic cells.
World Elephant Day
The goal of World Elephant Day is to raise awareness about the preservation and protection of elephants. Various problems, like as poaching, habitat degradation, and captivity mistreatment, loom over elephants, particularly in Asia and Africa. World Elephant Day is observed on August 12 to raise awareness about elephant crisis and to honour the importance of elephants in our ecology. Celebrities, politicians, and others have lent their support to the cause over the years.
Prakash Javadekar, then Union Environment Minister, and Vice President Venkaiah Naidu, then Vice President, committed their support for the cause in 2020. ‘Haathi Hamara Saathi’ was the theme for World Elephant Day 2020. Suraksha, a nationwide portal for human-elephant conflict, was unveiled in beta form by Javadekar. Many well-known actors, public figures, and politicians from all across the world rallied to this cause. Barack Obama, Leonardo DiCaprio, Hillary and Chelsea Clinton are among the celebrities who have spoken out on animal rights, as have Indian stars Rana Daggubati, Randeep Hooda, and Dia Mirza.
History:
The first World Elephant Day was commemorated on August 12, 2012, to raise awareness about the condition of Asian and African elephants. The day’s event was arranged by the Elephant Reintroduction Foundation in Thailand in partnership with Canadian filmmaker Patricia Sims. The Sims has also been a leader in World Elephant Day since 2012. The day also aims to raise awareness about the importance of their preservation and protection. Various problems, like as poaching, habitat degradation, and captivity mistreatment, loom over elephants, particularly in Asia and Africa. Patricia Sims’ nonprofit organisation, the World Elephant Society, has educated many people and raised international awareness about elephant protection throughout the years. The Society collaborates with over a hundred elephant conservation organisations. Several organisations and individuals are being urged to join forces to raise awareness of elephant issues. Under the banner of “World Elephant Day,” the organization’s “unbiased” stance enables and encourages campaigns by all groups and citizens.
Significance:
According to latest WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) data, the world’s elephant population is estimated to be around 440,000. Poachers kill approximately 15,000 elephants each year, according to the WWF. It is not only their job to adopt conservation measures for them, but it is also their responsibility to raise consciousness about the possibility of “Elephant Extinction.” Meanwhile, elephants are mistreated by untrained mahouts in India, despite being cultural and religious icons. Electrocution, railroad accidents, poaching, and poisoning claimed the lives of many elephants. The number of wild Asiatic elephants has dropped below 50,000, according to the World Wide Fund for Nature, which is only 15% of its historic average. India and areas of Southeast Asia are home to Asiatic elephants in the wild.
Blue Dart will plant 1,031,170 elephant-friendly trees on the boundaries of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary in East Singhbum, Jharkhand, to commemorate World Elephant Day. In the Singhbhum Elephant Reserve in Jharkhand, Grow-Trees.com is planting millions of trees to restore fractured migration routes, create sheltered and screened areas for elephants, and extend habitats. This year’s World Elephant Day topic has yet to be announced; however, previous year’s theme was “Haathi Hamara Saathi.”
Eduindex News 
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