Author: Nikita Sonker

SELF-CONFIDENCE

Self-confidence is one of the most significant aspects of a person’s personality; a person who believes in their own talents always succeeds and achieves their objectives. A person who is self-assured is constantly free to think about his or her goals without being distracted by negative thoughts; they are always focused on their objectives without question. Those who believe in themselves have a lower or zero likelihood of failing.

To achieve your goals and fulfil your aspirations, you must have self-confidence. People that are self-assured always succeed. Because a self-assured individual is typically autonomous, enthusiastic, hopeful, affectionate, and positive, he or she cannot attain his or her goal in life without confidence. Self-confidence is the key to success, or as we like to say, the first step toward it. If a person has self-assurance, he or she has already won half the battle. People who have achieved success in school, the job, and the public sector are more initiative, forward-thinking, and confident in their decisions, helping them stand out from the crowd.

People that take more initiative and are more upfront and active in life gain success in school and at work. Furthermore, because they are more confident in themselves, they make better selections. As a result, it distinguishes them from the competition. People will notice you if you stand out from the crowd. As a result, you have a better chance of achieving life success. It will be difficult, on the other hand, if there is someone who does not trust or believe in themselves. They will have a difficult time succeeding since they will be subjected to both failure and criticism. As a result, if they lack self-confidence, they may take longer to recover than someone who does.

Importance of Self Confidence:

Develop a sense of self-acceptance: One of the most essential things we can do is learn to accept ourselves. Examine your accomplishments and strengths, and devise a strategy to address your flaws. We must cultivate self-acceptance, feeling good about ourselves and others regardless of the circumstances. In this sense, we may occasionally believe it is appropriate to be critical of our behavior and attempt to modify it without being critical of ourselves. This mindset aids in the development of a healthy sense of self-assurance.

Seeking Positive Experiences and People: We can increase our self-confidence by giving ourselves positive experiences. It’s also beneficial to spend time with folks who appreciate us for who we are. Surround yourself with positive people and stay away from those who are always negative. Being in the company of critical people can have a negative impact on our self-esteem and self-confidence.

Concentrate on Your Achievements: If you take the time to reflect on your life, you will see that you have accomplished a lot. What matters is that these accomplishments are meaningful to you. Consider your accomplishments and determine what you can learn from them. Make a list of everything you’re proud of and put it on it. The fact that you’re concentrating on the positives will also help you gain self-assurance.

Appreciation and Support: As you work to improve your self-esteem, reward yourself. It makes little difference what the reward is as long as it is something you truly appreciate. To sum up, self-confidence is a broad phrase that encompasses a wide range of emotions. Emotional restraint, empathy, and resilience all contribute to the development of a self-assured personality. A self-assured person would know how to state things that are true without hurting other people’s feelings.

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER

Knowledge is power, which indicates that a person can use knowledge to gain education and complete control over his life. Educated people can deal with life’s challenges with ease. Knowledge is the most powerful tool for empowering people, and no other power on the planet can defeat it. Knowledge, we may say, gives power to a person who strives for his rights and competes with the rest of the world. The distinction between a man and an animal has been made by knowledge. Human beings cannot be compared to animals in terms of physical strength, but because of the power of knowledge, they have been the most powerful species on the planet.

Humans are physically weaker than animals. Every knowing person is educated, but not everyone who is educated is knowledgeable. This may appear strange, yet it is correct. Almost everyone in today’s world is educated, but they have little understanding of the subjects they have studied. Furthermore, knowledge is a critical tool for bringing about positive changes in society or in a country. Knowledge provides us with a glimpse of our future and what we may accomplish there. The effect of knowledge is that all countries around the world use technologically advanced tools and technology, among other things. Knowledge, not weapons or bombs, is what makes a country powerful.

Benefits of Knowledge:

Enables Problem Saving: There is a solution to every problem in life. Solutions, on the other hand, are only supplied by people who are knowledgeable. Problems will inevitably arise in life, and by gaining knowledge, you may train yourself to be a problem solver. You will become important in your culture if you accomplish this. Doctors, for example, cure ailments by giving patients medications, but they cannot do so if they are uninformed.

Builds Confidence: When you are well-informed, your self-assurance grows. You won’t be able to solve problems if you don’t have faith in yourself. You can have faith in yourself if you have knowledge. Your level of confidence in approaching a task will be determined by your knowledge of the subject. People who are familiar with the situation are rarely afraid. When issues develop, they may even rejoice since it gives them the opportunity to shine. Consider how the stars shine brightly at night while humans strain to see them.

Breeds Success: Knowledge is a key to success. What guys know determines their success. What you know about the subject determines your success as a student. Let’s face it: we can’t demonstrate that we grasp a problem if we keep failing. Failure indicates that there is still something you don’t understand. Once you’ve overcome your ignorance, you’ll be on your way to success.

In conclusion, we may state that accurate knowledge aids in the development of a person. It also keeps people out of confrontations and corrupt situations. Knowledge also provides happiness and wealth to a country. Above all, information is the key to everyone’s success. We should also be willing to learn new things in areas where we believe we are experts. Let us not be afraid to fail in our pursuit of knowledge.

Should plastic be banned?

Plastics are a man-made disaster that will continue to plague us for thousands of years. Furthermore, we have never lived a life free of plastic. Plastics are present in every part of our life, including entertainment, medical care, travel, employment, and even our homes. But it wouldn’t be fair if we didn’t recognize that plastic has also been a benefit to global economic prosperity. For many industries, it has shown to be a wonder material. Plastic derived from fossil fuels such as oil and petroleum is widely utilized in the production of a wide range of products, including plastic bags, kitchenware, furniture, doors, sheets, packaging materials, counter tops, and other items.

Plastics are omnipresent, and they have improved our lives, so banning them isn’t an option. However, prohibiting certain plastic sectors, such as the plastic bag industry, appears to be a sensible idea because plastic bags can be replaced. Jute, gunny, and paper bags are all viable alternatives to plastic bags. When it comes to plastic bags, the reuse and recycle approach can be applied. People should be made aware of the negative consequences of using plastics through proper awareness and instructional programs. Plastic bags are frequently utilized and are freely available on the market. Plastic bags are commonly found in supermarkets and are used to transport commodities such as rice, fruits, vegetables, wheat flour, and other foods. Plastic bags come in a variety of sizes and are far more cost-effective and convenient to use than paper bags.

PROBLEMS CAUSED BY PLASTIC BAGS INCLUDE:

Environmental Degradation: Because of their negative consequences, plastic bags have become a major source of land pollution today. Plastic bags are placed in landfills and take 500 years to decompose. Although these bags are light in weight and easily delivered by air, the waste they create on land and in landfills pollutes the environment. Plastic bags that enter water bodies are a major source of water pollution, and as a result, they harm our ecosystem in every manner.

Human Impact: On land, one of the most common sorts of litter is plastic shopping bags. Large amounts of plastic bags have been known to clog local drainage systems, particularly in underdeveloped countries. Floods in Bangladesh 20 years ago, for example, were blamed in part on bottlenecks in drainage systems caused by plastic shopping bags. Over time, plastic shopping bags leach pollutants into water systems, posing a health danger to human populations. Plastic bags are extremely difficult to recycle. While the three arrows in a circle recyclable emblem appears on many plastic shopping bags in the United States, it is frequently a marketing ploy.

Animal Impact: The world’s largest albatross colony is found on Midway Atoll in the North Pacific Ocean. These birds fly to these remote islands and forage at sea, often hundreds of miles away, for food for their young. Thousands of these beautiful birds have died at Midway Airport after ingesting significant amounts of plastic bag shards and bits. Adult birds bring all of the plastic detected in these birds to the island, where it is fed to the young birds. On a daily basis, four tons of plastic are predicted to accumulate here. Our oceans and seas are home to the bulk of the world’s species. Hundreds of different animals and birds are at risk of being injured or killed as a result of swallowing or being entangled in plastic bag flotsam. Marine creatures that eat floating plastic shopping bags may mistake them for jellyfish. Sea turtles are one of the animals that are threatened by the bags. They’re on the verge of extinction, because to their habit of consuming massive amounts of plastic. Plastic shards fester in the stomach since it can’t be digested properly.

“Bill Gates: A Biography”

William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business entrepreneur, software developer, investor, author, and philanthropist who is often regarded as one of the world’s wealthiest and most powerful figures. Through technological innovation, astute business strategy, and aggressive commercial techniques, Bill Gates and his business partner Paul Allen developed and built Microsoft, the world’s largest software company. Bill Gates was a competitive, inquisitive, and deep thinker when he was a boy. Lakeside School, a private prep school, was chosen by his parents. Gates soon advanced up the Lakeside ranks, excelling in a variety of topics such as math, science, English literature, and even drama. At such a young age, Bill Gates was influenced by historical events. In 1969, Apollo 11 launched men to the moon, a feat that necessitated the use of massive computers that cost billions of dollars in research. Having a computer at the time was incredibly authentic. Lakeside, on the other hand, had struck a deal with the city of Seattle and received a computer, which was Bill Gates first interaction with one.

Bill Gates foundation of Microsoft:

Bill Gates launched Microsoft in 1976 after signing a contract with MITS (Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems) to provide a rudimentary operating system for their new microcomputers. Bill Gates used to go over each line of code before releasing it. He was also involved in other elements of Microsoft’s operations, including order packing and shipping. In 1980, IBM approached Microsoft about creating a new BASIC operating system for its new machines, which was Microsoft’s big break. IBM was by far the most popular computer maker in the early 1980s. However, IBM PC clones (computers made by other businesses that are compatible with IBM’s) are becoming increasingly popular.

Bill Gates – Windows:

Bill Gates is the founder of the Microsoft Windows operating system. The first version of Windows was introduced by Microsoft in 1990. Because it replaced text interfaces with graphical interfaces, this was a breakthrough in operating software. It quickly became a best seller, capturing the vast majority of the operating system market. In 1995, Microsoft released Windows 95, which set new standards and functionalities for operating systems. From Windows 2000 to Windows XP and Vista, this version of Windows has served as the foundation for all subsequent releases. Bill Gates has worked hard to diversify Microsoft’s business throughout his tenure as CEO.

Microsoft’s Internet Explorer, for example, became the most popular web browser, owing to the fact that it comes pre-installed on the majority of new PCs. Internet Explorer’s market share has decreased in recent years. The field of search engines is one area where Microsoft has never been successful. MSN live search has struggled to achieve a market share of more than 5%. Microsoft has been outshined by Google in this regard. Despite this, Microsoft’s success in monopolizing certain parts of the software business has resulted in a number of antitrust lawsuits. Microsoft was on the verge of being split into three smaller companies in the 1998 US v Microsoft case.

Microsoft, on the other hand, was able to remain a single company after winning an appeal. Although Microsoft was the dominating computer corporation in the 1980s and 1990s, it is currently perceived as an ageing and fading company in comparison to Google and Apple, which are both more vibrant.

LIFE LESSONS THAT CORONA VIRUS TAUGHT US

India has learned a number of hard lessons as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The first is that we can no longer continue to exploit nature ruthlessly. Climate change, irregular weather patterns, and pollution of the air, land, and sea have driven the country, and the planet, to a precipice. Unless this is rapidly corrected, we will be in serious difficulty by the end of the century. It’s incredible that the lockdown has resulted in nature regenerating. After decades of pollution, we saw blue sky again, and various animal, bird, and insect species made a comeback. We must strive to keep these positive trends going so that we do not relapse to the old normal, but instead adopt a new normal. 

“COVID-19 has taught us that health is extremely important in our lives, as healthy people are better able to combat the coronavirus. “The environment has a direct impact on our health”. The COVID-19 pandemic has taught us a lot of valuable lessons and shifted our life priorities. Most of us wouldn’t have comprehended terms like social distancing or flattening the curve a year ago, and the concept of wearing fabric masks in public or being unable to walk out in public would have looked ridiculous. When we fast forward to early 2020, everything has altered. While COVID-19 has brought with it new problems and uncertainty, it has also taught us some important lessons. 

Covid-19 has taught us Lessons of Life:

1.Family and friends come first: Many of us may have taken human interaction for granted until the coronavirus took over our life. However, spending time with our close loved ones has now taken precedence. Despite the natural frustrations that everyday confinement might bring, it’s crucial to consider what our family and friends mean to us. But grab the day and remember that there are more good times with family and friends today, and we are receiving care and love that was long overdue and really needed somewhere. We appreciate it! 

2. Hobbies are therapeutic: During the lockdown, most of us have either honed our culinary skills or started cooking from scratch. Except for those who have been away from home due to job or studies, those of us who have been dependent on our mothers/fathers or a chef for our favorite meals have recently experienced the effort and time it takes in the kitchen. Our renewed excitement for hobbies, such as cooking and knitting, as well as painting and learning a new language, has helped us recharge our health batteries while also strengthening our bonds with our families. 

3. Less Pollution, Clear Blue Skies: Cities choking on toxic gases emitted during festivals, as well as from vehicular and factory operations, are nothing new to us. However, we haven’t seen clear blue skies in a long time since lockdown was implemented, roughly from mid-March onwards. Not only that, but the AQI improved dramatically for months, and for the first time in a long time, we breathed clean, pollution-free air! We had almost forgotten how blue skies looked and how fresh air felt until we experienced them during this period! 

4. Life is valuable: Recognize and appreciate what we have. With over 225 thousand lives lost in the United States (and over 1.1 million worldwide) as a result of the epidemic, I’ve had to reconsider my priorities and recall how valuable life is. It’s served as a reminder to enjoy the little things in life, which I often overlook. With so many people dying every day, I am grateful for my family and friends, even if it means video chats and text messages when we can’t see each other face to face. Given how many others are sick, I am thankful for my good health. With so many people losing their jobs and becoming homeless, I am thankful for the food in my refrigerator and a safe place to call home. This pandemic has caused me to re-evaluate my life and prioritize my priorities, as well as act as a reminder of how valuable life is and how much I value the little things in life.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Artificial Intelligence, or simply AI, is the ability of a computer system or machine to operate and interpret information in the same way that a human does. It is capable of learning, analyzing, copying, and adapting to new knowledge without the need for external optimization. Experts believe that AI will be able to make human existence more easier in the future by providing solutions to nearly all problems. Artificial Intelligence will also make humans aware of potential hazards ahead of time. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most rapidly evolving disciplines of science and creation. Artificial intelligence (AI), also known as “man-made reasoning,” is a branch of software engineering that aims to create machines that can think and function like humans.

Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Brief History

Artificial insight research was also started in 1950. The development of electronic computers and stored programs computers sparked AI research. A connection could not interface a PC to reason or act like a human psyche for a long time after that. Following that, Norbert Wiener made a revelation that accelerated AI’s early development tremendously. He demonstrated that the reaction component is responsible for all creative behavior in individuals. Logic Theorist was another step toward modern AI. It is considered the most important AI programs, having been created by Newell and Simon in 1955.

Who is the Father of Artificial Intelligence?

Mr. John McCarthy (1927-2011) is known as the “Father of AI.” He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to a poor European immigrant family. McCarthy had already excelled in Mathematics as a teenager. He used to work as a carpenter and a fisherman to help support his family before becoming an official at the California Institute of Technology, Caltech. John McCarthy received his bachelor’s degree in mathematics from Caltech in 1948 and his doctorate in 1951.

Who was John McCarthy?

John McCarthy, also regarded as the “Father of AI,” was a brilliant computer scientist and cognitive scientist. He has been fascinated by artificial intelligence since 1948, and in 1955, he created the term. The formalization of common sense information has been his principal artificial intelligence research topic. In 1958, he created the LISP programming language, and in the late 1950s and early 1960s, he pioneered the concept of time-sharing. Since the early 1960s, he has worked on proving that computer programs fit their specifications. In 1978, he developed the circumscription approach of non-monotonic reasoning.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence:

Marketing: Marketing, which has been a significant area for improvement and the current AI trends, is one of the most notable artificial intelligence examples applications. In terms of AI’s application in the marketing arena online, the early 2000s were not very promising. Yes, there was e-commerce, but the search was not very good. When you didn’t know the specific name of anything, finding it in a store was difficult. Smart suggestions are now far more effective thanks to advancements in AI. Consumers on the web may soon be able to buy things by snapping a photo of them, thanks to advances in AI. This concept is already being tested by companies like Cam Find and their competitors. AI Platforms like IFlyTek also has many AI softwares that leverages on machine and AI intelligence such as text-to-speech and document translation tools to improve everyday life.

Gaming: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been an important aspect of the game business in recent years. In fact, one of AI’s greatest achievements is in the gaming business. One of the most notable achievements in the field of AI is DeepMind’s AI-based AlphaGo software, which is famous for defeating Lee Sedol, the world champion in the game of GO. The gaming world is the best illustration of clever artificial intelligence applications because it is on this platform that there are many changes in the purpose. AI is employed to create the game, develop the characters, and, to some extent, frame the tale.

Healthcare: The healthcare industry has been one of the most enthusiastic adopters of AI technology. It all comes down to AI’s ability to crunch numbers quickly and learn from previous data, which is important in the healthcare industry. AI has also made a significant contribution to assisting people in the care of patients. The automated bots and healthcare software ensure that patients are properly medicated and treated in the facilities. In some circumstances, AI programs have been reported to assist surgeons during operations.

Chat Bots: Virtual assistants have become increasingly popular in recent years. Almost every home has a virtual assistant that manages the household equipment. Siri and Cortana, for example, are gaining popularity as a result of the user experience they deliver. Amazon’s Echo is an example of how AI can be used to interpret human words into desired actions. This device employs speech recognition and natural language processing to carry out a variety of operations at your direction. It’s capable of much more than just playing your favorite music. It may be used to control your home’s electronics, book cabs, make phone calls, order your favorite meals, and check the weather, among other things.

E-COMMERCE

In India, the marketing environment is shifting. From the last ten years to the present, the consumer marketing trend has shifted dramatically. In India, the local environment has altered in terms of infrastructural, social, and economic factors. The popularity of online marketing is growing across a wide range of people of various ages. E-commerce is growing as a new market that has the potential to contribute to economic progress. 

INTRODUCTION:

E-commerce is a platform for businesses and consumers to buy and sell goods and services through the internet. The term “electronic commerce” refers to the use of telecommunication networks to expand a company’s market and retain client relationships. “Businesses and their customers use e-commerce software to conduct transactions. Customers can order things, verify orders and track shipment, review prior transactions, reorder products, and manage their accounts with them 24 hours a day, seven days a week.” (From 2009 to 2012, Auburn See Wolf llc) 

India’s economic industry is on the rise and experiencing a growth spurt. The Online Travel Industry is one of India’s most important segments of ecommerce, and it is flourishing because to the country’s Internet-savvy urban populace. Private companies such as Make my trip, Clear trip, and Yatra were part of the online travel sector. The government has also launched IRCTC, an Indian Railways project that has proven to be successful. The online classifieds market is expanding as well. It is organized into three categories: employment, matrimonial, and real estate. Due to the fast development in the number of mobile users in India in recent years, mobile commerce is proving to be a robust and secure supplement to ecommerce. 

According to a research by the Internet and Mobile Association of India, India’s e-commerce business is growing at a 70 percent yearly rate and has increased by more than 500 percent since 2007. E-commerce and digital downloads are predicted to develop quicker, while online travel will continue to dominate the sector. The following are the primary sectors in the e-commerce industry: 

Travel- 51% 

E-Retailing-40% 

Cothiers-09% 

Unique Features of E-commerce Technology:

1. E-Commerce: is Technology-Enabled: While traditional commerce has existed since the dawn of time, E-commerce is the result of the integration of digital technology into business processes and commercial transactions. Internet, WWW, and different protocols are the technological basis of E-commerce.

2. Virtual Communities: are online communities formed through the use of tools such as chat rooms and specially designed websites where people with common interests may connect with one another over the internet. 

3. Customization: The world is moving away from mass-production and toward mass-customization, thanks to the use of E-commerce technology. Product customization guarantees that goods are created to clients’ specifications and preferences. 

4. Intercommunication: E-commerce technology allows buyers and sellers to communicate in both directions. Firms can communicate with customers via E-commerce enabled websites on the one hand. Customers, on the other hand, can fill out order forms, provide comments, and contact with the companies who run the business. 

5. Universality: E-Commerce allows people to buy and sell things all over the world using websites. The websites are universal in that they may be accessed from anywhere in the world at any time.

TIME MANAGEMENT

Time management is critical for personal and professional success. Time management refers to the ability to make the best use of one’s time. It is stated that if you master this approach, you can do everything in life, despite the fact that effective time management appears to be as simple as it is difficult. Effective time management necessitates far too much work. Self-discipline is essential for effective time management. When we think of time management, we usually think of personal time management, which is loosely described as managing our time so that we may spend less time doing the things we need to do and more time doing the things we want to do. As a result, time management is frequently thought of or presented as a set of time management skills; the premise is that if we acquire these abilities, we will be more organized, efficient, and happy.

Importance of time management:

Good productivity: Once you’ve devised a strategy, all you have to do now is put it into action. There’s no need to waste time on things you don’t have to do at work; instead, focus on what you need to do next to boost productivity. However, keep in mind that this will only work if you complete your task on time; delaying will have a negative impact on your productivity.

Less Stress: You may become stressed if you do not complete your studies, assignments, or projects. Taking care of one’s mental health is critical for everyone, and students’ poor performance is typically a result of increased stress and anxiety caused by the pressures of academics. Effective time management can help you relieve mental stress while also increasing your confidence and vitality. Time management assists you in completing activities in less time and with less resources. It’s also a terrific approach to relieve stress in this way.

Health Advantages: Your attempts to manage your time have an impact on your health as well. You won’t have to stay up late to complete your responsibilities if you manage your time efficiently. Sleep deprivation causes fatigue, which might disrupt your day’s plans. A good night’s sleep is necessary for your brain and body to replenish, which benefits your health and energy levels.

Syllabus Cramming: Not finishing their course on time is a common issue among students. As a result, they cram all of the chapters right before the tests, resulting in poorer than expected results. Students who use effective time management skills can not only finish their coursework on time, but also have time left over for revisions.
Extracurricular Activities Have More Time: When you have a set timetable for all of your duties for the day, you can estimate how much time you’ll have left once you’ve completed them all. You can organize your tasks so that you have more time to do what you enjoy. This can include activities such as drawing, painting, singing, dancing, photography, and so on, or you can go cycling or jogging to get some fresh air.

Conclusion: Time management is important for everyone, whether you are a student, a housewife, a businessperson, or a working professional. If you are unable to effectively manage your time, you will fall behind on your goals.

GANDHI JAYANTI

The birthday of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is celebrated as ‘Gandhi Jayanti.’ On October 2nd, 1869, India’s “Father of the Nation,” Gandhiji, was born. Thus, every year on October 2nd, Gandhi Jayanti is commemorated. In India, Gandhi Jayanti is observed as a public holiday. The International Day of Non-Violence is observed on this date around the world. Mahatma Gandhi’s contribution to Indian politics is incomparable. Gandhi suffered and was imprisoned multiple times throughout the tumultuous days of the campaign for Indian independence, but freedom for his motherland remained his cherished objective. He was a key figure in several freedom fights and was the founder of the “Quit India Movement.”

ABOUT MAHATMA GANDHI:

On October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat, India, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born. His father was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar, and his deeply religious mother was a staunch follower of Vaishnavism (the worship of the Hindu god Vishnu), influenced by Jainism, an ascetic faith built on self-discipline and nonviolence. Mohandas Gandhi left home at the age of 19 to study law at the Inner Temple, one of London’s four legal schools. In mid-1891, he returned to India and opened a law office in Bombay, but it was a flop. He quickly took a job with an Indian company, which dispatched him to its South African branch. Gandhi stayed in South Africa for approximately 20 years with his wife Kasturbai and their children. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was a well-known freedom activist and a significant political figure in India’s fight for independence from British control. He was also known as the country’s founding father. He had, without a doubt, made a difference in the lives of India’s impoverished. Every year on Gandhi Jayanti, his birthday, is commemorated. Many people were impacted by his idea of truth and nonviolence, which was embraced by Martin Luther and Nelson Mandela for their respective battle movements.

SIGNIFICANCE OF MAHATMA GANDHI AND GANDHISM:

Mahatma Gandhi was a pivotal figure in both the Indian Independence Movement and the Indian National Congress, and is considered one of the most influential figures in Indian history. Gandhi was born in the city of Porbandar, in western British India, on October 2nd, 1869. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was his birth name. He was given the epithet ‘Mahatma’ later in life, which means ‘Great Soul,’ and refers to his role in assisting India in gaining independence from Britain.

“I have nothing new to teach the world. Truth and non-violence are as old as the hills. All I have done is to try experiments in both on as vast a scale as I could.” – M K Gandhi

Gandhism is an amalgamation of Mahatma Gandhi’s ideals and practices, as well as his activities, in plain and simple terms. It comprises of Mahatma Gandhi’s thoughts, which he gave to the world, and his acts, which he termed as “truth experiments.” We know that he lived his life to the fullest extent feasible in accordance with his principles; therefore, people who believe that Gandhism is defined solely by his ideas are mistaken. Mahatma Gandhi cannot be compared to Karl Marx, whose ideas are referred to as Marxism. It would be incorrect to label the Mahatma’s views as Gandhism because he was also a man of action.

CYBER SECURITY

Protecting networks, data, programs, and other information from illegal access, change, or destruction is the most basic definition of cyber security. Because of recent cyber-attacks and cyber-attacks, cyber security is becoming very important all over the world. Software for data protection is developed by many companies. Many businesses create software for data protection. The data is secured by this program. Cybersecurity is critical since it not only protects data but also protects our systems from viruses. India has the most internet users, followed by the United States and China.

What is the significance of cyber security in today’s society?

You require cybersecurity in the same way that the world requires an ozone layer to protect it from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. And, just as holes in the ozone layer have an impact on our civilization’s destiny, so do vulnerabilities in your company’s cybersecurity. Hackers have gotten more active on the internet during the previous few years. They use advanced techniques to infect unsuspecting individuals and businesses with malware, ransomware, and other destructive attacks. Most of the time, you won’t know if you’ve been hacked or not. Cybersecurity risks are more widespread than you may believe, with one attack occurring every twenty seconds around the globe, according to statistics.

Cybersecurity risks are more widespread than you may believe, with one attack occurring every twenty seconds around the globe, according to statistics. Fundamentally, our society is more technologically dependent than it has ever been, and there is no indication that this tendency will reverse. Data breaches that potentially lead to identity theft are now being made public on social media accounts. Social security numbers, credit card numbers, and bank account data are now kept in cloud storage services such as Dropbox or Google Drive.

Cyber Security Threats and Attacks:

Malware: The most common sort of cyberattack is a malware attack. Malware is harmful software, such as spyware, ransomware, viruses, and worms, that is placed on a computer when a user clicks on a malicious link or email. Malware can block access to essential network components, harm the system, and collect confidential information, among other things, once it has gained access to the system.

Phishing is a type of fraud in which false emails posing as emails from trusted sources are sent with the purpose of stealing sensitive data such as credit cards or login information.

Ransomware assaults are a sort of malware in which an attacker encrypts and locks the victim’s computer system files, then demands payment to unlock and decode them. According to Mimecast’s The State of Email Security Report 2020, 51 percent of organizations have been affected by ransomware in the last 12 months.

Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks: A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack is a malicious attempt to disrupt regular traffic on a targeted server, service, or network by flooding the target or its surrounding infrastructure with Internet traffic.

Social engineering assaults can be carried out in a number of ways. To carry out the assault, a perpetrator first examines the intended victim to obtain background information such as possible avenues of entry and weak security mechanisms. The attacker then works to acquire the victim’s trust and give stimuli for further acts that violate security protocols, such as exposing sensitive data or granting access to crucial resources.

UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA

New job creation is a critical endeavour that has a significant economic impact. For most countries, the economic crisis has morphed into a social crisis, resulting in a high rate of unemployment. Unemployment is a condition in which people have the aptitude and ability to work and earn money but are unable to do so due to a lack of suitable employment opportunities. It is also known as “involuntary inactivity.” Unemployment does not imply that there isn’t any work available. It literally means ‘lack of work.’ Unemployment can be characterized as a situation in which a substantial number of able-bodied people of working age are willing to work but are unable to do so at the present wage rate.
The number of persons who are unable to acquire work in relation to the available people in the labor market measures the rate of unemployment in a given country.
Seasonal, Frictional, Cyclical, and Structural unemployment are the most common types of unemployment. In terms of population density, India is the world’s second largest country. The country’s unemployment rate is quite high, owing to the large number of people who are unable to find work.

TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA :

Rural Unemployment in India: India’s rural population accounts for around 70% of the total population. However, there is insufficient employment in rural areas for everyone. This can result in two types of unemployment. Unemployment and underemployment are problems that exist in the rural economy at the same time.

Frictional Unemployment: It occurs when people are unemployed for a brief period of time while looking for a new job or changing occupations. The time gap between jobs is known as frictional unemployment, also known as Search Unemployment. Frictional unemployment is referred to as voluntary unemployment because the source of unemployment is not a lack of jobs, but rather the workers’ own decision to leave in search of better chances. It exists because people move from places, jobs, and sectors where their productivity is low to places where their productivity is high, and they should be encouraged to do so.

Disguised Unemployment: This refers to the large number of rural people who are employed in agriculture in excess of what is required due to increased pressure on land. Uncovering hidden unemployment is most common in the unorganized sector or in agriculture.

Seasonal Unemployment: This word is self-explanatory. Seasonal unemployment is common in industries including construction, agriculture, canning, and tourism, where the weather or the calendar dictates when production can be carried out or demand levels. It is common to utilize seasonally adjusted unemployment figures for measuring the business cycle and the strength of demand in the labor market.
Underemployment is a word that can be used to describe this situation. That state of unemployment in which people are unemployed for part of the year, such as in India, where laborers are rarely employed all year.

Structural Unemployment: When a country’s economic structure changes dramatically, structural unemployment occurs. Normally, these changes have an impact on the demand for or supply of a production factor. In other words, structural unemployment is a result of global technological and economic development in every field. This type of unemployment occurs when a worker’s abilities do not meet the market’s job availability. Many people in India do not acquire occupations that match their talents or do not get positions owing to a lack of essential skills, and because of their low education level, it is critical to offer them with relevant training.

Technological Unemployment: Technological unemployment develops as a result of specific changes in production procedures that do not necessitate a large amount of manual labor. Modern technology has overtaken the need for and significance of physical labor in recent years, resulting in technical unemployment. According to World Bank data from 2016, the proportion of jobs in India threatened by automation increased by 69 percent year over year.

Causes of Unemployment in India:

  • The Joint Family System
  • Specialization in the Workplace
  • Low Rates of Economic Growth
  • Mobility of the workforce
  • Norms of Conduct
  • Cottage and small-scale industries are on the decline.
  • Population growth and technological advancements
  • A Scarcity of physical capital

GLOBAL WARMING

“Global warming is a term that refers to a steady rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans, a phenomenon that is thought to be irreversibly altering the Earth’s climate.”
The increase in the average global temperature of the Earth is used to measure global warming. Some sections of the Earth may become colder as our average global temperature rises, while others may become warmer—hence the concept of average global temperature. Atmospheric heating and agitation induced by greenhouse gases increase the unpredictability of weather and climate, as well as the severity, scale, and frequency of storms, droughts, wildfires, and severe temperatures. The gases in the atmosphere that absorb and release heat radiation include water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Increasing or lowering the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere causes the sun’s heat to be trapped or released more.

Causes of global warming:

Fossil fuel combustion: CO2 pollution is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels such as coal and gas are burned to generate energy or power our cars. Burning coal, oil, and gas produces carbon dioxide, the most major greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, as well as nitrous oxide, which is certainly the initial source of global warming.

Deforestation: Forest exploitation is a significant contributor to global warming. By absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere, trees aid in climate regulation. When trees are cut down, the carbon contained in them is released into the atmosphere, negating the positive effect. Forests and wilderness serve as carbon sinks, helping to keep global warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius. Humans, on the other hand, clear enormous swaths of land for farming, urban and infrastructural development, and the sale of tree products like lumber and palm oil all over the world. When vegetation is cut down or burned, the stored carbon is released as CO2, contributing to global warming.

Farming & Agriculture: Methane is a greenhouse gas produced by livestock, such as sheep and cattle. The amount of methane created by livestock grazing on a vast scale, such as in Australia, contributes significantly to global warming. Intensive farming, which includes not just ever-increasing livestock but also plant protection products and fertilizers, is another contributor to global warming. When cattle and sheep digest their food, they produce enormous volumes of methane, whereas fertilizers emit nitrous oxide.

Mining: The mining and metallurgical industries are vital to modern living. Metals and minerals are the raw materials that are used to create, transport, and manufacture items. This market accounts for 5% of all greenhouse gas emissions from extraction to distribution. Decarbonization initiatives across industries may result in significant shifts in commodity demand for the mining industry. Governments, investors, and society will put pressure on the mining sector, which is responsible for 4 to 7% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, to reduce emissions.

Eruption of a Volcano: When volcanoes erupt, they release large amounts of carbon dioxide. Volcanoes have a minor impact on global warming, and eruptions result in short-term global cooling because ash in the air reflects more solar energy. Volcanic eruptions release gases and dust particles into the atmosphere, which have an impact on the climate. The majority of the particles ejected by volcanoes cool the earth by shielding it from the sun’s rays. Depending on the features of the eruption, the cooling impact can continue anywhere from months to years.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

“Entrepreneurship is an activity that entails putting one’s own resources at risk in order to start a business or produce something with a commercial purpose.”
The act of starting a firm in order to make a profit is the basic definition of entrepreneurship. In today’s society, however, entrepreneurship has expanded to include the act of changing the world by solving large-scale problems. With the introduction of the internet, entrepreneurship now has the ability to effect social change by developing a service or product that has a good influence on individuals and addresses societal concerns with innovative solutions.
Entrepreneurship including land, labour, natural resources, and capital can yield a profit in economics. The entrepreneurial mindset is characterized by exploration and risk-taking, and it is an essential component of a country’s ability to compete in an ever-changing and increasingly competitive global marketplace.

What is an entrepreneur?

An entrepreneur is a person who starts a new firm, taking on the most of the risks and reaping the majority of the benefits. The entrepreneur is often thought of as a creator of new ideas, products, services, and business or methods. The entrepreneurs on this list hail from all over the world (from the United States to Europe to Asia) and operate in a wide range of fields (HR, digital, health, finance, entertainment, art, design, and so on), but they all have one thing in common: a passion for what they do.
Small or home-based businesses to global corporations are all types of businesses. An entrepreneur’s earnings are made through a combination of land, natural resources, labour, and capital, according to economic theory. In a word, an entrepreneur is someone who has the desire and determination to start a new business and is willing to take on all of the risks that come with it.

Characteristics of Entrepreneurship:

1.Self-motivation: One of the most important attributes of entrepreneurs is their ability to motivate themselves. Even if you don’t have an immediate source of revenue, you must stick to your plan and keep moving forward.

2.Job Creation: Entrepreneurship leads to the creation of jobs. It offers an entry-level role, which allows unskilled workers to gain experience and training.
3.Increased Standard of Living: Entrepreneurship helps to raise a person’s standard of living by raising his or her income. The term “standard of living” refers to a growth in a household’s consumption of various products and services through time.
4.Risk Bearing: The essence of entrepreneurship is the willingness to take risks, without which one cannot thrive. It occurs as a result of the development and implementation of new concepts. Because such ideas are sometimes speculative, the outcome may or may not be favourable and immediate.
5.Encourages research and development: Before introducing a new product or service, it must be thoroughly investigated and tested. As a result, entrepreneurship helps universities and research institutes to support research and development. This encourages economic growth, research, and development.
6.Be enthusiastic about your work: At the end of the day, successful entrepreneurs are driven by their passion. They are passionate about their product, service, or mission. When you’re feeling down, passion will help you discover inspiration and propel you forward. To keep going forward with your self-employment ideas, you’ll need passion.

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

Women’s empowerment refers to addressing powerful women in order to equip them with the ability to make their own decisions. In a world dominated by men, women have gone through a lot throughout time. They were regarded as nearly non-existent human beings in earlier times. As if all rights, including basic rights like voting, belonged to men. Women gradually realized their power as time went on. Since that time, the world has witnessed a revolution in women’s empowerment.
Women can only be empowered if they are informed about their rights. Most girls grow up believing they are inferior to boys and, as a result, submit to the patriarchal and regressive social order. Young girls must be educated that they are no less capable than males and that if they are committed, they can achieve anything.

Women’s contribution to India’s economy:

Women have played a critical part in assisting India’s economic development. Women are thought to contribute 17-18% of total GDP. Despite their strength in agriculture and the dairy industry, India’s growing urbanization has yet to attract more women to enter the workforce. With only 25% of India’s labour force being female, women’s contribution to the country’s GDP is currently among the lowest in the world. However, even if 50% of women choose to work, India’s annual growth rate can range from 1.5 to 9%.

Why is Women’s Empowerment so crucial?

Women’s empowerment is a component of encouraging women to feel powerful by informing them that they can achieve whatever goals they set for themselves. Women can work outside the home and make their own decisions. Women aren’t reliant on men. They can use their skills to support their families and make money. Some women are hesitant to work in a demanding environment or in a high-ranking position because they believe it is not a woman’s duty.
Empowerment aids in the reduction of domestic violence because it encourages people to cherish and promote women. Women are not abused in any way, including sexual, emotional, and physical abuse. Women are now obtaining high-level positions in the same way that males do. Some women are promoted to roles such as president, leader, commune chief, and other high-ranking posts. Many women are now politically, educationally, and economically engaged in society.

Conclusion:

Women’s Empowerment in the purest sense will only be realized once society’s attitudes toward fairness and equality have changed. Women’s empowerment refers to the ability of women to make decisions about their own lives. Women’s empowerment refers to the formation of an environment that benefits both individuals and society as a whole. Women should be granted the same rights as males in order to truly empower them.
For their growth and development, they must be strong, vigilant, and alert at all times. Women’s education, poverty, health, and safety are the most common issues. After the country’s independence, India faced numerous obstacles, many of which resulted in a significant disparity between men and women, particularly in the field of education. Economic prosperity, political stability, and social revolution can all be achieved by empowering girls.

DIGITAL MARKETING

What is Digital Marketing?

The use of the Internet, mobile devices, social media, search engines, and other avenues to reach consumers is referred to as digital marketing. In comparison to traditional marketing, some marketing experts believe digital marketing to be a whole new undertaking that necessitates a fresh approach to clients and new means of understanding how customers behave.
Various businesses are currently using web devices to promote their operations. They also offer excellent customer service and promote their company policies throughout the world. Digital marketing is the method by which they use technology to promote or market themselves.
Digital marketing typically involves the use of online media such as social media, websites, mobile apps, and email. There is no doubt that digital marketing is superior than traditional marketing for a variety of reasons. It is now simple to reach out to customers or clients via digital marketing.

Digital marketing types:

  • Content marketing
  • Search engine optimization
  • Promotional Displays
  • Mobile Promotion
  • Marketing on Social Media
  • Email Marketing
  • Marketing Through Influencers
  • Affiliate marketing
  • Marketing using Video
  • Audio Marketing Techniques

Importance of digital marketing during Covid-19:

People all over the world are hunkering down to prevent getting into contact with the illness or transmitting the virus. Some countries even have strong rules that citizens must only leave their houses when absolutely required. As you might assume, the majority of people now use the internet to pass the time, and online usage statistics reflect this new reality.
Since the spread of the new coronavirus, mobile data usage has increased, as has traffic to popular websites. Those use social media channels to stay in touch with loved ones and connect with people who live outside their homes. Over the previous few months, almost all social media sites have seen an upsurge in user activity. During the crisis, some firms saw an opportunity to give meaningful digital interaction to their customers.
The number of organizations desiring to launch new e-commerce channels, create or update websites, create targeted social media campaigns for those working from home, and focus on leveraging SEO and influencers to reach new audiences has increased significantly, according to digital marketing experts. This is the ideal time to take advantage of the numerous digital marketing channels that are currently available. Getting started is easier than it appears after reallocating your budgets, and the best part is that the results are nearly instantaneous.

Conclusion:

Digital marketing refers to marketing ideas and strategies that are implemented through electronic media, particularly the Internet. E-marketing, internet marketing, digital marketing, and online marketing are all phrases that are regularly used interchangeably and are typically regarded equivalent. E-marketing is defined as the use of the internet to promote a brand or a product. It combines a wide range of current technology to connect businesses with their potential customers, combining direct response and indirect marketing features. For specialists in digital marketing, digital marketing is extremely crucial.
For digital marketers, digital marketing is a fantastic business potential. To compete in the digital market, you must have a thorough awareness of the benefits and drawbacks of digital marketing. This is a rapidly expanding industry. Using new technologies to attain marketing goals is what digital marketing is all about. The marketing department and the digital marketing team are no different.