Pure India is a necessity for an hour. Garbage and filth are serious threats to the nation. It really undermines the beauty of our country. In addition, several diseases can be caused. Many Indians get sick from improper garbage disposal. Therefore, this article discusses the topic of pure India in detail.

How to clean India?
People can make India clean in many ways. First of all, carrying a small poly bag is a must. Most notably, a recycled paper bag is the best option. The Indians certainly should use them to dump garbage in dust bins. Indians probably throw rubbish on the road because they don’t like to carry it. However, a used paper bag makes it easier to carry waste. Therefore, Indians can carry this bag in a dust bag for garbage disposal.
Dissolving dirt is also very important. It is something that many Indians ignore. Most importantly, the separation of waste at home should be in three separate bins. These 3 figures are Biodegradable, Recyclable and others. The waste management department should assist with the implementation of this plan.
Indians must learn to recycle plastic antiques. Most Indians probably simply discard such items after using them. One has to make creative things with these old plastic items in order to reuse them.
Another remarkable way to clean India is a manure pit. A compost pit helps to make compost. To build a compost pit at home, some things are needed. These items are kitchen dirt, leaves, grass, etc. As a result, the tiny organisms that convert this organic material into compost.
Public drive is another good way to keep India clean. It has psychological benefits. This is because it is easy to do something when others are doing it. For example, Prime Minister Narendra Modi started Sachach Bharat Abhiyan.
Indians should use cloth bags instead of polythene bags. Indians should stop getting vegetables from a polythene bag from a retailer. Therefore, Indians should carry their cloth bags when shopping.

The Problematic Attitude of the Indians
The Indians are probably very attentive to cleansing themselves. However, the same Indians do not care much about cleanliness. Almost all Indians like to keep their houses clean, but don’t worry about the country. Unfortunately, many Indians avoid or neglect to clean up the country. This is indeed a sad situation.
Indians also do not care about garbage disposal. Almost many Indians dump garbage on the streets. Thus, it is not uncommon to see Indians dump garbage in the streets. This pollutes the roads. Indians are not interested in polluting different types of habitats.
One encouraging example of Indians would be Thailand. Thailand is a third world country like India. However, despite being poor Thailand is still very clean. On the contrary, India looks dirty. The state of the Indian people to suspect that. In India, the negative situation is that “make sure I am safe”. Thai’s status – “make sure others are safe”.
In conclusion, clean India is a very important issue. Public awareness about it must be disseminated. Pure India should be the cry of the nation’s recruitment.

There is no time and waiting because this medal is ready for today’s world. As the world moves faster, no one has time to stop. Plus, time never stops, the clock is always ticking. So to use our time we have to work hard every second. Because when the time is up, we can’t find you again. It is the most precious possession a person can have.

Over time everything is possible, just that you have to dedicate yourself to using it. Also, various successful people are able to manage their time. And that is why they are so successful. You can earn money through time but you will never earn time through money.

Story in Time and Waiting Rate None
Since we all know the story of the rabbit and the tortoise, this story is good for a saying. But if you don’t know anything about the story let me tell you. Once upon a time there was a tortoise that was slow in running and he was constantly criticized by others for his speed.
But instead, there was a rabbit in their community that used to run fast. In addition everyone was praising him for his speed. So showing off his skills and humiliating the tortoise and the rabbit challenged the race. The Witness accepted the challenge because he did not want to be embarrassed.

The race was scheduled two days later. To win the race, the rabbit practiced hard. Moreover, he began to celebrate his victory ahead of time. The tortoise was humble and never thought of winning the race. Still, he was willing to contribute what he could.

So the race started on Wednesday with a day of challenges. Everyone knew that a rabbit would win. So the rabbit was overconfident. The rabbit ate too much before the race thinking that if he just walked with him he would win the race. But the tortoise was willing to give as much as he could.
After a while the race started the tortoise was slow but he kept going. The rabbit, on the other hand, was running very fast.

So he managed to reach the race track distance in a few minutes. After reaching that point he thought he should rest. So he lied under a tree to get some rest. But he soon fell asleep unconscious because he had eaten so much before the race. While he slept, the tortoise was always on the move. And he never stopped and never rested.

Thus he was able to cross the rabbit while he slept. When he got to the line the rabbit woke up. She hurried to the finish line. But it was too late until the tortoise was in front of him. So you skipped the finished line in the first place. The rabbit cried after losing the race. While the tortoise was celebrating the victory.

After reading this story you should make sure that ‘time and waves are waiting for nothing’. Because the tortoise worked hard and wasted time, he was able to win the race. Also, our life is just like that, in order to be successful we have to work hard over time. Moreover, we must always make the best use of our time. Only then will we be able to find success in life.

Visual learning is often associated with online courses or online sites, but has a larger scale. In this article, we will consider its meaning, its features, and its benefits. We have also compiled a list of the most common methods of real learning, which explain the different aspects of the learning and teaching process.

Visual learning is the learning of learning that is improved through the use of computers and / or the Internet outside and within the institutions of the educational institution. Teaching takes place mostly in the online environment. Teaching activities are done online where the teacher and students are physically divided (depending on location, time, or both).

Visual reading – reading ideas

The quality of online education depends on the proper use of digital technology in terms of modern educational ideas:

BEHAVIORISM

Behahlanguism examines how students behave while studying. It observes how students respond to specific stimuli. When a teacher repeats this admiration, they can observe, control, and change each student’s behavior. Students do what they are told to do and are ready to produce basic facts and perform tasks automatically. Behavior does not mean testing minds or cognitive processes.

In practice good learning can be used with step-by-step video tutorials, game-based activities, general and constructive feedback, build, game, etc.

COGNITIVISM

Comprehension focuses on the role of the mind and cognitive processes in learning. It describes how the brain works and the levels of mental development that form the basis of learning. Comprehension lessons help teachers understand how people learn and how to teach effectively.

In the context of visual learning it can be used in the areas of customized learning, compatible and customized learning programs, AI, learning analytics, etc. It is important to provide content tailored to your readers’ comprehension skills, such as text, images, multimedia, etc. ., where students can choose how the lessons are presented.

PUBLIC BREAKING

Teaching and learning are defined as the complexities of communication that takes place between teachers and students. Learning activities focus on information sharing, collaboration, and collaborative learning.

Social constructivism finds good use in group discussions, mindfulness, problem-based learning, and small group activities. A good environment for these types of activities is the live classroom for online teaching and practical tools such as web conferencing, meeting, online whiteboard, exit rooms, screen sharing, etc.

Visual learning – basic qualities and benefits

• Remote access to unlimited members of educational services (topics and educators) offered worldwide

• An individualized learning process that looks at the individual’s level of ability, individual needs, and different learning styles

• A safe and secure learning environment

• Learn to adapt to time, place, and speed

• Cost effective, efficient time, easy disability… and much more

Visual reading – a list of related words

Visual learning has many ways and related goals. These seem very similar but represent different aspects of learning and teaching and can help us understand the context of “visual learning.” Here are the most commonly used:

• Reading

Learning about E in its broadest sense refers to:

Electronic technology is used to teach and teach.

Learning activities take place in whole or in part online. They can be operated electronically without using the Internet.

• Web-based learning

Web-based reading means using a web browser to read.

• Learning online

Online learning is associated with the provision of electronic / mobile content. It may include internet usage, but web browser usage may be preferred.

Online learning can be done through programs or applications installed on your personal device, which can be used and offline.

• Learning grade

Graduation does not require the use of electronic and web-based technology. It means distance learning; in other words, participants are physically segregated.

Grade reading is related to:

Provide instruction to the local student and at a different time for teachers and other students

Today, with the advent of digital technology, grade learning is increasingly associated with online learning. The use of classrooms seen through live online teaching brings distance learning closer to the traditional form of learning by reproducing its advanced features in the online environment.

• Integrated reading

This type of learning combines existing and traditional teaching methods. Content to be read should be digitally and available online. Therefore, students are able to control the learning process over time, location, template, and learning style.

The conclusion

Visual reading covers all of the goals outlined above. It can overcome many obstacles of the physical environment such as time, facilities, space, etc. Online sites allow teachers to work with large numbers of students and perform their normal tasks. Visual learning also brings new teaching techniques through traditional educational methods and makes learning customizable and easy.

The term is used for a prison protocol that usually prevents people, information or objects from leaving an area. The protocol can usually only be initiated by someone in a position of authority.

A lockdown can also be used to protect people inside a facility or, for example, a computing system, from a threat or other external event. In buildings doors leading outside are usually locked so that no person may enter or exit. A full lockdown usually means that people must stay where they are and may not enter or exit a building or rooms within it, needing to go to the nearest place designated safe if not already in such a place. A drill lockdown may be held in the absence of a threat, to familiarise people with what they must do.

What effects has the lockdown had on the evolution of Covid-19 in India?

The Indian government argues that lockdown has successfully reduced the spread of the novel coronavirus epidemic, while some critics argue that it has largely failed. Where does the truth lie? What exactly does the available data coupled with modelling tell us?

The politics of lockdown

The effects of lockdown on disease cannot – and should not – be looked at in isolation. They are entwined with its political and humanitarian effects, including unemployment, hunger, an unprecedented migrant worker crisis, and widespread loss of access to healthcare. These crises could have been averted or lessened with planning, but they are now an essential part of India’s lockdown story. So what might have motivated the hasty decision to lock down?

When a complex and unclear threat is unfolding, you can see the appeal of a lockdown to those in power. It reframes disease control in terms of restrictions on movement and contact. Messy narratives about health infrastructure, testing, tracing, monitoring, probabilities, education, research and so forth, are replaced with a list of rules, responsibilities and consequences. The relationship between authorities and people is simplified: the authorities enforce the rules, the people comply.

Moreover, it is almost self-evident that a sufficiently rigorous lockdown must “work” – if we are willing to ignore all the realities of what such rigorous lockdown would entail. There is now an obvious culprit for any failure to control disease – the lockdown violator – and the narrative of lockdown helps build support for solutions based on surveillance.

A second effect of lockdown – also convenient for the central government – is that it “localises” both disease and politics. Because people, and hence infection, cannot move freely, the epidemic takes very different paths in different regions. Consequently, responses to it need to be local, and the responsibility for day-to-day disease control passes to state governments or municipal corporations.

As the national picture becomes increasingly complicated, the Centre takes on a more symbolic and supervisory role. Dashboards of “performance” in different states shift perceptions of responsibility and place pressure on state governments. It is they who become the villains when there is failure to control the disease, even where national policy may be to blame. The blame game encourages states to manipulate data including finding ways to underreport Covid-19 infections and deaths.

Lockdown and disease spread

Lockdown has two overlapping effects on disease, and modelling suggests that distinguishing between them is important for understanding the situation in India. First, lockdown slows the transmission of the virus by enforcing physical distancing. Second, it slows the geographical spread of disease – the localisation discussed above. Neither effect is absolute, of course. Poor lockdown planning led to panic and overcrowding, probably accelerating transmission for a while. And within some localities, for instance in Mumbai, hindering freedom of movement might actually have accelerated disease by stopping outflows of people which could have reduced population density.

The first lockdown effect, a slowdown in transmission, occurs via a reduction in those day-to-day events which spread disease. This can be modelled simply as a reduction in the probability of infection events occurring. It should manifest in the data after a delay. If transmissions are cut in half today, and testing typically occurs 10 days after infection, then 10 days from now recorded infections will start to slow. About 18 days from now, we will see deaths start to slow.

Do you love both the sides of yourself? Or is it just a social obligation that you’re tending to maintain the same mask to the outer world. World is fragile and are you but where is the courtesy that is routing to your self worth each and every time you try to expose , put your actual self out there in the tough and robust world. People form families and live together to support one-another. Everyone is hyper-alert to one-another’s physical and mental well-being. Nothing is said; and nothing is done to darken the brighter mood of family and being together but it’s about the mask your wear here and the mask you wear before showing up to the outer world. Opening up to the world , showing who you really are , unleashing the true self of yours is way more peaceful than you lying about your own perceptions and mentalities Does it increase their subjective of well being? The answer is no, it does not, or not nearly as much as you expect. And here many of us have this sort of stern sadness. basically, most of the direction you’re going, with how you’re putting energy into things, what you’re applying for, what you’re stressing about, all that stuff, is just the wrong direction. Or maybe a more coarsey version of this is you are clueless about what is going to make you happy. Maybe your happiness just genetically set, and you just can’t change it around. Maybe you’re either a glass half empty person or glass half full person, and that’s it. Nobody guarantees you a set of happy hours about you crack opening your insecure shell in the society but it does give you sigh of reliefs abundantly. Genetically we’re just set, we can’t change it. Second is, life circumstances matter so much it trumps everything else or somehow the life circumstances balance out. Sometimes our mind delivers to us stuff that’s just like, factually incorrect. The key is that sometimes, even outside of vision, we’re getting these intuitions that our mind is delivering to us with full force, like that’s the right answer, that’s what’s going to make us happy, but it is just wrong.The “sometimes” what we’re labeling or addressing it to can differ at times , not everybody is very subjective about knowing your authentic self they rather prefer to adjust with the phony personality you maintain for the eyes and perceptions of society and its satisfaction. Particularly, people’s life circumstances where there’s been some sort of train wreck, for lack of a better term. Really terrible things happen, you become paraplegic , and that totally has nothing to do with you having your life happily made by showing your “once and for all” face to the world.

Making the laws and its execution onto others has consistently been the human instinct from the earliest starting point. The main part of human law was first composed when man put his foot on the earth. With the control of fire, he began to solidify and made the state or gathering; and to oversee and control the gathering, a law was set up. Clearly such law would have been identified with the chasing, sharing of food, sharing of rooftop and so forth. With the progression of time, men develop at both their scholarly and social level. A few states were made, domains were checked , intricacy in social traditions and customs emerges and in equal, a few standards and laws shaped to control individuals and their method of livings. The steady ascent in human laws are very much seen from paleolithic age to Rig vedic age. A short time later, we have risen jump and limits in foundation of the human social orders and overseeing laws.

On the off chance that we take a gander at our general public and in progressively expansive manner, at our entire world, we will discovered multitudinous sort of variety in human decisions, inclinations, customs, ceremonies, language, conduct, and laws. Obviously, such variety is normal as we as a whole have diverse character. With the ascent in expectations for everyday comforts and own mind, it is basic to set up a standard of law that may control the human exercises of same gathering in intelligent manner. Such laws are likewise expected to tie the individuals together and sustain the harmony and fraternity among them. Aside from social reconciliation, human laws likewise administer the man’s accept and confidence. Presently, from the labor to union with death commemoration, the sum total of what ceremonies have been redone through man-made laws. The human laws finished both uprightness and harmony in the public eye and constant competition among various arrangement of brains.

At whatever point, the administering laws went to oppression against individuals and society, voices have raised. Individuals are sufficiently daring to break it. They reason may either be the social or individual. With the approach of Buddha and Jain, the standing based cultural laws were protested and attempted to perplexed. The valiance of Rajput against Mughal domain is likewise one of the best case of how they were fearless against human law. The long battle of Independence of India covers an entire story of human valiant against British laws and rules. Today, there are number of issues when individuals challenge the human laws. Regardless of whether it is the issue of fear based oppression, between nation’s belief system contrasts, military hostility, common assets, we are battling to violate the laws that are against our freedom, qualities, contemplation and own advantage. A conflict on ethnicity, race, religion, language, beliefs, minds all are much of the time watched today. The war of matchless quality will go on until the end of time. As much as we have human laws, the conflicts would be grown in the public eye at a similar degree.

Nature has its own law. It oversees in its own specific manner. From the ascending of sun to grow of seeds from soil, there is a fixed arrangement of nature’s standard that apply to all living and non-living things. Nature’s law is everlasting and fixed. Nothing is over the nature’s law. In any case, maybe we individual either didn’t get it yet or as yet attempting to challenge the nature’s law with our minds and innovation. The impedance in nature’s law has consistently brought issues and challenges for us. For instance, we fabricated dams, attempted to occupy the waterways regular course and subsequently its outcome are seen to us all as flood and dry seasons. We attempted to change the nature’s law of adjusting the piece of gases in air and along these lines, it result are before us as environmental change. We and our cutting edge would endure crushed misfortune because of environmental change for a long time. By hereditary designing we attempted to meddle in nature’s organic framework. It’s outcome come to us as a few hereditary issue illnesses. Along these lines, there are endless models when individuals meddled in nature’s law and confronted the ground.

Interest is the significant qualities of person that has consistently poked to do explore different avenues regarding nature’s law. In any case, such impedance were intended to spare the human life, progress of human culture and accomplish a plunge life. However, the issue is such endeavors crossed the admissible furthest reaches of nature. We have been so excited in accomplishing our objective that we neglect to grasp the nature for whatever it has given to us. Rather than doing some investigation in the event that we would have taken in the reasonable utilization of nature’s blessings, we would have better everyday environment. The suitable utilization of normal assets with giving qualities and regard to its different perspectives is completely not quite the same as usage of assets for exclusively personal responsibility. Nature’s law are applied to all similarly. The abuse of normal assets will remunerate in its own particular manner through flood, dry seasons, infection, war and so on.

Arrangement doesn’t deceive win the nature’s law however to grasp and regard it and to oblige ourselves with nature. we can’t sufficiently courageous to nature’s law. We ought to understand this reality and attempt to fabricate our advancement in corresponding to nature’s law. Our own law is intended to carry on with a noble existence with equivalent access to every single human right however such goal shouldn’t be at the expense of nature’s law. Something else, the time isn’t far enough when the nature will show us an intense exercise and we would be not able to spare our own reality. It’s not very late. Manufacture our own law in congruity of nature’s law.

Social Media can be on the whole characterized as an innovation based stage which practically associates individuals over a system (like the Internet), and causes them impart, share media, and so forth. Some unmistakable instances of this stage incorporate Facebook, Twitter, etc.

Web based life has got a lot of gestures of recognition and reactions; one noteworthy analysis is that it is naturally a narrow minded medium. Of course, the manner in which it is utilized by most of individuals, legitimizes this announcement.

The vast majority utilize the web-based social networking to loosen up from the genuine physical world, get engaged, and restore the psyche (obviously). A normal client signs in, looks through a couple of media content, speaks with a couple of individuals, feels engaged and loose, and serves his/her motivation. Such close to home intrigue speaks to a limited vision of the whole stage, and can be properly rewarded as a childish rationale. Then again, it is likewise a narrow minded rationale that keeps the normal client joined to the online life.

This thought process is of the organizations that are managing everything. Different worthwhile highlights are occasionally come in, which keep a normal client pulled in into the stage; a code word for a bug getting pulled in towards a consuming light glimmer. Therefore, the organizations are winning billions of dollars, and are serving their business thought processes. Different factors likewise utilize the internet based life to serve their inclinations.

Take the political class for instance – ideological groups are progressively utilizing this stage to encourage their gathering promulgation. The goal is to rope in more individuals, and grow their gathering bases. While no prompt mischief comes out of it, however it speaks to a narrow minded intention of utilizing the online life. In any case, another comparable strategy of roping in individuals, may carry prompt damage to the mankind.

This perspective is of the radicalization of youth by the fear outfits. Psychological militants are progressively utilizing the internet based life stages to spread their belief systems, radicalize the clients (basically the adolescents), and enroll them in their outfits. These enlisted people may then assume various jobs, such as organizing a solitary wolf assault, or carry arms and fake cash, etc. Such accursed and childish purposes must be denounced and settled, by all the partners including the law requirement organizations, guardians, and such. Be that as it may, even these partners are not insusceptible to the narrow minded intentions of certain different entertainers.

Take the part of digital security for instance – digital crooks are progressively assaulting the online networking with all types of phishing assaults, malware, ransomware, etc. Their solitary goal is to access information; information can be monetary, political, authoritative, or even touchy global ones (like the supposed Russian interfering in the 2016 US Presidential decisions). The information at that point serves the narrow minded interests of the actor(s).

From the segment above, it very well may be genuinely inferred that internet based life is an egotistical medium, serving just childish and limited interests. Be that as it may, web based life is an immense factor, in essence, and can’t be limited to such restricted range of utilization alone. To validate, the bit underneath outlines the wide range of utilization of the online life, which is to a huge degree, non-narrow minded.

Let us start with the ‘media’ in web-based social networking – with the extended availability and computerized outreach, anyone is a possible columnist. That is, any individual can report any episode (or news), alongside believable proof, to the mass everywhere; prevailing press can go with the same pattern. Despite the fact that the news can serve individual intrigue, yet the very part of engaging each client by means of online networking, gives it a non-childish touch. This likewise presents another sacrificial goal – mass availability and correspondence.

Web based life permits exceptional availability, across different levels and partners. It additionally supports the entrance of information, in this manner empowering one to settle on educated choices. Such network additionally gives a window of little scope enterprise adventures, with extremely constrained capital speculation (like home-made dish plans for instance). Since these advantages spread the whole client base, and not implied for a specific gathering or individual, these are innately non-narrow minded in nature.

At another level, internet based life permits online networking efforts and create wide-spread help for a real reason. While such battles might be started by a couple, these by and large include issues that spread a wide range of individuals, in this way making it non-egotistical. Some conspicuous online life battles of the ongoing past incorporate that of internet fairness, against lewd behavior of ladies (#MeToo crusade, etc. Proceeding onward, certain overflow perspectives likewise feature the non-childish character of the internet based life.

Take the different Research and Development (R&D) ventures that organizations convey to upkeep their upper hands. While at first determined by benefit arranged narrow minded intentions, these activities for the most part advantage humanity with new innovations that make our carries on with simpler – Geo-labeling, face recognition, etc are some huge models. The Government of India is as of now starting an undertaking to Geo-label the different resources made through the MGNREGA plot; a really non-narrow minded activity.

Discussing government, in the part of administration additionally, web based life has endlessly supported e-administration and its three principal columns – openness, straightforwardness and responsibility. By and by, in India any client can discuss even with the Ministries straightforwardly, and get their real issues settled. Since this angle benefits the whole populace, it very well may be appropriately regarded as non-childish. Be that as it may, with regards to our condition, online life ventures blended points of view.

While the facts confirm that a ton of paper (and thus trees) get spared because of the expanding number of online clients, however a great deal of e-squander is likewise produced all the while. Here, the main perspective (that of sparing trees) might be considered as non-narrow minded since it benefits humankind on the loose. Be that as it may, the subsequent viewpoint may have a narrow minded thought process, driven by the worthwhile commercials over the online life stages, and the ensuing advancement of an expendable culture. That is, the business network benefits through this activity, at the expense of the earth.

Basically, online networking isn’t narrow minded, in essence. Everything relies upon the manner in which we use it. While it might be naturally utilized by a specific gathering (or individual) for childish thought processes, it might likewise be the situation that an individual uses it for egotistical intentions now and again, while sacrificially at different occasions. It consequently relies completely on how we use it.

In this specific circumstance, it might be expressed that internet based life is progressively driving humankind towards realism, and away from the way of otherworldly development. Along these lines, ample opportunity has already past that we figure out how to switch this pattern, and adjust our activities such that gives importance and reason to our lives.

Microservices

The World is upgrading with the latest technology, in this updated world there are many things to know like Microservices 

What are microservices??

Microservices is an architectural pattern where every application function its own service and these services are deployed in containers and these containers speak with APIs (application program interface) 

Why would I want a microservices??

Because microservices is a traditional architectural which creates large monolithic packages that can be challenging deploy, the configuration is hard to manage, so microservices are small, isolated, packaged and independent of each other that makes our work easier and manage

Microservices vs Monolithics

Monolithic is an architecture set up used to for traditional server-side up system, the entire system functions are based on a single application, Monolithcs apps are faster than Microservices, Monoliths do not require for communicating APIs(application interfere system), and microservices need to communicate with APIs

What are the advantages of microservices

There are so many advantages but these are specifical important

Independent deployment

Independent development

Mixed technology stack

Fault isolation 

Characteristics of microservices

Organized on business capabilities

Products not projects

Small endpoints

Design for failure

Microservices vs SOA

Microservices are fine-grained and SOA is course-grained

What is sedition?

Whoever, by words, either spoken or written, or by signs, or by visible representation, or otherwise, brings or attempts to bring into hatred or contempt, or excites or attempts to excite disaffection towards, the Government established by law in India, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, to which fine may be added, or with imprisonment which may extend to three.

Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code lays down the punishment for sedition. The Indian Penal Code was enacted in 1860, under the British Raj. Section 124A forms part of Chapter VI of the Code which deals with offences against the state and section 124A was introduced in 1870.

The sedition trial of 1897 against Lokmanya Tilak is historically famous. Tilak, a lawyer by training, was also politically active in support of independence. He established and published two dailies—Kesari in Marathi and Mahratta in English; both being published from Pune. In 1894, Professor R. P. Karkaria presented his paper on the Maratha king Shivaji to the Royal Asiatic Society in Bombay. This turned into an annual celebration commemorating the anniversary of Shivaji’s coronation. Three years later, Tilak published reports of this celebration, as “Shivaji’s Utterances”; this essay doubled as an attack on the colonial government. Justice Arthur Strachey, who presided over Tilak’s case, widened the understanding of Section 124A. Under Strachey’s definition, the attempt to excite “feelings of enmity” against government was also a form of sedition. Tilak was found guilty by the jury and sentenced to 18 months of rigorous imprisonment.Tilak again faced charges against sedition for two Kesari articles, titled “The Country’s Misfortune” (12 May 1908) and “These Remedies Are Not Lasting” (9 June 1908). He was again found guilty under the newly drafted section 124A, and sentenced to six years of imprisonment in Burma.

In 1922, Mahatma Gandhi three articles for Young India resulted into his and Shankarlal Banker’s imprisonment under the sedition section. While appearing in court, Gandhi referred to Section 124A as the “prince among the political sections of the Indian Penal Code designed to suppress the liberty of the citizen”.

During the 21st century, various notable authors, creative professionals, activists and politicians have been charged with sedition under Section 124A.Arundhati Roy (2010), and Aseem Trivedi (2012), Rinshad Reera (2019).

Punishment for the offence of sedition

• Sedition is a non-bailable offence. Punishment under the Section 124A ranges from imprisonment up to three years to a life term, to which fine may be added.
• A person charged under this law is barred from a government job. They have to live without their passport and must produce themselves in the court at all times as and when required.

Dissent and criticism of the government are essential ingredients of robust public debate in a vibrant democracy. They should not be constructed as sedition. Right to question, criticize and change rulers is very fundamental to the idea of democracy.Sedition is an archaic, oppressive colonial law that exalts the government to a position of sanctity and seeks to make us obedient, unquestioning vassals of the state. It has no place in a democracy and must be abolished

IPC and Unlawful Activities Prevention Act have provisions that penalize “disrupting the public order” or “overthrowing the government with violence and illegal means”. These are sufficient for protecting the national integrity. There is no need for Section 124A.The sedition law is being misused as a tool to persecute political dissent. A wide and concentrated executive discretion is inbuilt into it which permits the blatant abuse.

In the recent consultation paper on the sedition, the Law Commission has suggested invoking 124A to only criminalize acts committed with the intention to disrupt public order or to overthrow the Government with violence and illegal means.

Recent scenario

It is a matter of concern that a large number of sedition cases have been filed against people for protesting against the CAA. Data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) show that 194 cases of sedition have been filed since the CAA was passed on December 11, 2019. More cases of sedition have been filed since December 11 than in the last three years put together, according to NCRB data. The data also show that while the number of sedition cases filed has been going up every year (numbers for sedition cases started being recorded from 2014) in the last four years, only four cases actually resulted in conviction.

Sedition law is essentially that of suppressing free speech and free thought, both of which are unpopular with the government. Sedition is an offence which existed in our Indian Penal Code (IPC) before we got Independence because the colonial master wished to penalise anybody who was trying to overthrow the state. But the irony is that in independent India, of late, this provision is being used to bully and terrorise citizens. And in the Bidar case, where a parent and the principal of a school were charged with sedition for staging a play critical of the CAA, we saw that it was used — or rather misused — to bully and terrorise small children and a young woman.

The Supreme Court, in its interpretation of Section 124A, clearly says that it has to be against the state, not against the government. One can criticise the BJP, One can criticise the Congress, One can criticise the Communist parties. That is not sedition. When someone start criticising the constitutional state of India, that is when one invite the charge of sedition and even there the Supreme Court clearly says that there has to be a direct incitement to violence. So, sedition is a very specific and a very serious offence, and when it is used to silence and terrorise the ordinary citizen who is raising a grievance, it is terrorism by the state. 

Conclusion:

India is the largest democracy of the world and the right to free speech and expression is an essential ingredient of democracy. The expression or thought that is not in consonance with the policy of the government of the day should not be considered as sedition. The Law Commission has rightly said, “an expression of frustration over the state of affairs cannot be treated as sedition”. If the country is not open to positive criticism, there would be no difference between the pre- and post-Independence eras.

The position of women in society has been changed from time to time. In Vedic period women were considered to be goddesses. No social or religious function was considered to be auspicious where a woman was not present. She was called Ardhangini by her husband. That’s why the name of women was always put before the name of men like Sita-Ram, Radhey- Shyam. In Muslims the position of women is always behind the men. Also, they do not take any concrete steps to improve the status of women. Our national leaders also started working for emancipation of women. But, with change in time and technology women have left man far behind in many fields like we have women legislators, doctors, ambassadors, teachers, and lawyers. With the help of education they rise and shine. Earlier they used to remain within the four walls of house now they have broken out four walls of house and stepped ahead in life.

 Now, a modern girl has begun to live his life in its own way. She is no longer a dumb cow and can compete with boys and even sphere of life. She has become ambitious and self confident. A girl born in a poor family can also fly and enjoy like her rich friends. Earlier, a woman had to depend upon her parents, husband and family for her small basic needs. Now, the education has raised their status and become self independent.

In the past women used to take Ghunghat in front of their in-laws and husband and touched the feet of their elder ones. With change in time now women used to go office and also respect their elders. They haven’t forgotten their rituals. The only change is that they have stepped up to the outside world.

The crimes against women have increased. The crime has much to do with the existing low status of women prevalent in our society. Violence is at another level that can be emotional, physical, mental, domestic and public. Though, many measures have been taken at education, economic and independence levels that have directly or indirectly helped in increasing crime against women. If we look back historically, the status of women was quite good but now they are treated like animals, often beaten up by husbands. Women were deprived from getting education and their activities were limited to household’s chores and reproduction. The range of crime against women includes very wide range like rape, domestic violence, child marriage, dowry issue and many more. The discrimination against girl child is biggest offence. In India women are treated like goddess but this discrimination made them neglected from society. Even sometimes pregnant women do not get a proper balanced diet which leads to infant mortality rate. The attitude towards women has not been changed much. They are treated as a burden and hence denied from education. Women are considered as weaker sex. That’s why all sorts of violence are perpetrated on them. They are becoming easy targets for every male. Our society has become violent today. This is due to lawlessness in our society. Increasingly violent men are to be blamed. They have become corrupt who can’t respect a woman.

The laws have to be implemented effectively and action should be taken against violators. Women themselves have to unite and spread peace among each other and education of men is also necessary to live with peace.