Natural Disasters

A Natural disaster is an unforeseen occurrence of an event that causes harm to society. There are many Natural disasters that damage the environment and the people living in it. Some of them are earthquakes, cyclones, floods, Tsunami, landslides, volcanic eruption, and avalanches. Spatial extent measures the degree or severity of the disaster.

Essay on natural disaster

Levels of Disaster

The severity or degree of damage can be further divided into three categories:

Small Scale Disasters: Small scale disasters are those that extend from 50 Kms. to 100 Kms. So this kind of disasters does not cause much damage.

Medium-scale disasters: Medium Scale disasters extend from 100 Kms to 500 Kms. These cause more damage than a small scale disaster. Moreover, they can cause greater damage if they occur in colonial states.

Large Scale Disasters: These disasters cover an area of more than 1000 Kms. These cause the most severe damage to the environment. Furthermore, these disasters can even take over a country if the degree is high. For instance, the wiping out of the dinosaurs was because of a large scale natural disaster.

Types of Disasters

Earthquake: An earthquake is the shaking or vibrating of the earth. An earthquake can range in sizes. As a result, some are so weak that they go unnoticed. But some are so strong that they can even destroy the whole city. Earthquakes can cause disruption of ground. Moreover, the can also cause landslides, avalanches, and Tsunami. However, the center of an earthquake falls mostly offshore.

Causes: These can cause of releasing of the energy. This release is from the core of the earth. Furthermore, the release of energy causes seismic waves. Rupturing of geological faults causes earthquakes. But other events like volcanic eruptions, landslides mine blasts can also cause it.

Landslides: Landslides is the moving of big boulders of rocks or debris down a slope. As a result, landslides occur on mountains and hilly areas. Moreover, landslides can cause destruction to man-made things in many ways.

Causes: Gravitational pull, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes can cause landslides. Moreover, soil erosion due to deforestation is also a cause of landslides.

Avalanches: Avalanches are like landslides. But instead of rocks thousand tons of snow falls down the slope. Moreover, this causes extreme damage to anything that comes in its way. People who live in snowy mountains always have fear of it.

Causes: Avalanches takes places when there is a large accumulation of snow on the mountains. Moreover, they can also occur from earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Furthermore, the chances of surviving an avalanche are very less. This is because people die of hypothermia in it.

Tsunami: Tsunami is the production of very high waves in oceans and seas. Moreover, the displacement of the ground causes these high waves. A tsunami can cause floods if it occurs near shores. A Tsunami can consist of multiple waves. Moreover, these waves have a high current. Therefore it can reach coastlines within minutes. The main threat of a tsunami is if a person sees a Tsunami he cannot outrun it.

Causes: Tsunami is unlike normal eaves that occur due to the wind. But Tsunami is waves that occur by ground displacement. Thus earthquakes are the main causes of Tsunamis.

Exercising To The Rescue!!

Image source

Since the last 1.5 year from facing the Outbreak of Covid-19 to the circumstances after, each and every person in the world has understood the Importance of maintaining a good Health be it physically or Mentally . COVID had been like that unknown sudden curve on the steady going road of our lives, on which we had to take a sharp turn and everything fled around with a jerk. It was something we never experienced before, perhaps it taught us a lot many things which we should have already done. Among which the most necessary lesson was to stay fit and strong, not just for saving oneself from numerously spreading diseases but also from the trauma of being locked at a place,for keeping us active and not let our bodies rust down while sitting continuously. And as we know, the best thing to do when aiming to be fit is Exercising.

INEVITABLE PART OF LIFE.

According to experts, Working out (Exercise/ Yoga) should be like a basic necessity for our everyday life like food. An individual of every age, child or adult should regularly indulge into physical activities indoor and outdoors so as to keep their body and mind functioning properly. “Yoga is not a religion. It is a science, science of well-being, science of youthfulness, science of integrating body, mind and soul” – Amit Ray. Exercising is not just an activity. Rather, you learn life lessons, with every step you take/ with every move you make. For Example, push -ups are not easy enough to be tried or done by everyone. It takes hard work to learn it and determination to carry it out with every next pull you do. It teaches that in the same way as these, it isn’t easy to reach our final destiny in life. It takes a lot of hard work to achieve success and even more determination to maintain and improve your methods to stay at that top position always.

Yoga activates your senses, boosts up immunity as well as build up the balance in you. Meanwhile, giving you the calm and showing you the relaxing impact of thoughtfulness and nurturing balance in every aspect of life. Exercising regularly improvise efficiency of your body and also keeps you fresh and happy. We all know it’s basic benefits like weight maintenance. However there’s a lot more it has to serve you with.

Let us look at a few Lesser known benefits of exercising ;

  • It strengthens the mind to fight depression.
  • It helps in relaxing the stress and occurences of muscle and joint pains due to that.
  • It reduces anxiety and fills you up with a sense of contentment and cheerfulness in your mind, discarding out the negativity and exuding positivity in you.

Exercising or doing other such physical activities helps releasing endorphins which are powerful chemicals in the brain cells that helps energizing your mind and spirit and makes you feel good. Moreover, when you work out regularly, your body gets into a toned shape, plus it leaves a glowing effect on your facial skin. You see positive changes in yourself including those in your outer appearance and in your inner healthy and relived self. Thus, building up your self-confidence and making you feel happier about yourself and you remain at peace with your Mental health. Hence, one should always believe in practicing exercising and yoga for keeping your present and future self healthier and delightful rather than taking hundreds of pills having thousands of side effects on your bodies.

So In Case, you are inspired well and want to infuse this habbit in your daily routine. Then, there’s these little suggestion videos for you about how to start your beginner level Exercising.,

15 minute- cardio to get you lively ,

Do some Happy walking

Should Plastic be Banned?

Plastic bags are a major cause of environmental pullution. Plastic as a substance is non-biodegradable and thus plastic bags remain in the environment for hundreds of years polluting it immensely. It has become very essential to ban plastic bags before they ruin our planet completely. Many countries around the globe have either put a ban on the plastic bag or Levi tax on it. However, the problem hasn’t been solved completely because the implementation of these measures hasn’t been as successful.

should plastic be banned

Problems Caused by Plastic Bags

Here are some of the problems caused by plastic bags:

Non-Biodegradable

Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. Thus, disposing of the plastics is the biggest challenge. T

Deterioration of Environment

They are destroying nature due to their harmful effect. Plastic bags have become the main cause of land pollution today. The plastic bags entering into the water bodies are a major cause of water pollution. Hence we can conclude that these are deteriorating our environment in every possible way.

Harmful for Animals and Marine Creatures

Animals and marine creatures unknowingly consume plastic particles along with their food. Research shows that waste plastic bags have been a major reason for untimely animal deaths.

Cause of Illness in Humans

The production of plastic bags releases toxic chemicals. These are the main cause of serious illness. The polluted environment is a major reason for various diseases which are spreading easily in human beings.

Clogged Sewage

Waste plastic bags are the main reason for trapping the drains and sewers, especially during rains. This can result in a flood-like situation and disrupt the normal life of people.

Reasons to Ban Plastic Bags

There are numerous reasons why the government of various countries has come up with strict measures to limit the use of plastic bags. Some of these include:

  • Waste plastic bags are polluting the land and water immensely.
  • Plastic bags have become a threat to the life of animals living on earth as well as in water.
  • Chemicals released by waste plastic bags enter the soil and make it infertile.
  • Plastic bags are having a negative impact on human health.
  • Plastic bags lead to the drainage problem.

Public Support for Plastic Bag Ban

Although the Indian government has imposed a ban on the usage of plastic bags in many states. But people are still carrying these bags. Shopkeepers stop providing plastic bags for few days only in the beginning.

It is time when we all must contribute our bit to make this ban a success. Thus we the educated lot of society must take it as our responsibility to stop using plastic bags. In this way, we can support the government in this campaign.

Some contributions that can be made by people are as follows:

Keep a Tab

In order to be successful in this mission, we must keep reminding ourselves about the harmful effects of the plastic bags on our nature and keep a tab on their use. Gradually, we will become habitual to doing without these bags.

Seek Alternatives

There are many eco-friendly alternatives to plastic bags like reusable jute or cloth bag.

Reuse

We must reuse the plastic bags we already have at home as many times as we can before throwing them away.

Spread Awareness

While the government is spreading awareness about the harmful effects of plastic bags, we can also spread awareness through word of mouth.

Conclusion

Although plastic is becoming a big threat for all of us, still this problem has often been overlooked and underestimated. This is because people do not look at the long term effect of these small, easy to carry bags they use in their everyday life. Besides all of these people keep using bags due to their convenience. But now everyone has to completely stop using the plastic bag to save our environment and earth.

DESCRIPTION OF VERNIER CALIPER


The Vernier Caliper consists of a thin long steel scale graduated in cm and mm called main scale. To the left end of the main scale an upper and a lower jaw are fixed perpendicular to the bar. These are named as fixed jaws. To the right fixed jaws, a slider with an upper and a lower moveable jaw is fixed. The slider can be moved or fixed to any position using a screw.

The vernier scale is marked on the slider and it moves along with the moveable jaws and the slider. The lower jaws are used to measure the external dimensions and the upper jaws are used to measure the internal dimensions of the objects. The thin bar attached to the right side of the vernier scale is used to measure the depth of hollow objects.


USAGE OF VERNIER CALLIPER


The first step in using vernier calliper is to find out its least count, range and zero error.


LEAST COUNT


Least count of the instrument (L.C) is equal to the value of one main scale division divided by Total number of vernier scale division.
The main scale division will be in centimetre, further divided into millimetre. The value of the smallest main scale division is 1mm. In the vernier scale there will be 10 divisions.
Therefore L.C is equal to 0.01cm.


ZERO ERROR


Unscrew the slider and move it to the left, such that both the jaws touch each other. Check the zero marking of the main scale coincides with that of the zero of the vernier scale. If they coincide then there is no error. If they do not coincide with each other, the instrument is said to possess zero error. Zero error may be positive or negative. If the zero of a vernier is shifted to the right of main scale, it is called positive error. On the other hand, if the zero of the vernier is shifted to the left of the zero of main scale, then the error is negative


POSITIVE ZERO ERROR


That the zero of the vernier scale is shifted to the right of the zero of the main scale. In this case the reading will be more than the actual reading. Hence, this error should be corrected. In order to correct this error, find out which vernier division is coinciding with any of the main scale divisions. Here, fifth vernier division is coinciding with a main scale division. So, positive zero error = +5LC = +50.01 = 0.05cm and the zero correction is negative. Hence, zero correction is -0.05cm.


NEGATIVE ZERO ERROR


That the zero vernier scale shifted to the left of the zero of the main scale. So, the obtained reading will be less than the actual reading. To correct this error we should first find which vernier division is coinciding with any of the main scale divisions, as we found in the previous case. In this case, the sixth line coinciding. To find negative error, we can count backward (from 10). Here, the fourth line is coinciding. Therefore, negative zero error= -4 × LC = -4×0.01 = -0.04cm. Then zero correction is positive. Hence, zero correction is +0.04cm.

DIGITAL VERNIER CALIPERS

In this digital world, the digital version of vernier caliper are available. Digital vernier caliper has a digital display on the slider, which calculates and displays the measured value. The user need not manually calculate the least count, zero error etc.,

Curious students of batch 2021 eager to know about college admissions.

Students of passing batch of 2021 not only went through tremendous mental stress but have also fallen into dilemma about the admission procedure of various colleges. Reputed universities/colleges have already passed their verdict on the admission procedure for students. Universities like Christ , Symbiosis have already started their admission process and are in the verge of completion. Government university like Delhi University has stated that the admissions for undergraduate courses will only take place on merit basis which cut off the controversy of DU taking admissions for undergraduate courses by entrance mode of examinations.

Chairman of DU admissions Rajeev Gupta stated the registration for admissions in DU may start by third week of July. Most of the universities/colleges are waiting for the declaration of board results. However all colleges / universities have taken into consideration of fixing the academic calendar for students joining this year as the are late of time.

The future of Indian students lies in the hands of reputed Indian education department . Looking at this the Indian education body like UGC and CBSE have taken responsive measures. Lets hope for the best and all the very best for students awaiting for their board results.

Tea – The most overwhelming drink of everyday

Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of Camellia sinensis, an evergreen shrub native to China and East Asia.The tea plant originated in the region encompassing today’s Southwest China, Tibet, north Myanmar and Northeast India, where it was used as a medicinal drink by various ethnic groups.After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.

Tea has a stimulating effect in humans primarily due to its caffeine content.Portuguese priests and merchants introduced it to Europe during the 16th century.During the 17th century, drinking tea became fashionable among the English, who started to plant tea on a large scale in India.

Tea Garden

Origin and history of tea :-

Tea plants are native to East Asia and probably originated in the borderlands of southwestern China and north Burma. Besides that, Chinese (small-leaf) type tea may have originated in southern China possibly with hybridization of unknown wild tea relatives. However, since there are no known wild populations of this tea, its origin is speculative.

Given their genetic differences forming distinct clades, Chinese Assam-type tea may have two different parentages – one being found in southern Yunnan and the other in western Yunnan. Western Yunnan Assam tea and Indian Assam tea both may have originated from the same parent plant in the area where southwestern China, Indo-Burma, and Tibet meet.Tea was first introduced to Western priests and merchants in China during the 16th century, at which time it was termed cha.The earliest European reference to tea, written as chiai, came from Delle navigationi e viaggi written by Venetian Giambattista Ramusio in 1545.

5 Good effects of having tea :-

1. Boosts energy. 2. Protects heart health. 3. Supports mental health. 4. May regulate blood sugar. 5. Aids Digestion.

Different kind of tea

5 Bad effects of having massive amount of tea :-

1. Increased anxiety, stress, and restlessness. 2. Reduced iron absorption. 3. Nausea. 4. Poor sleep. 5. Caffeine dependence.

Different kind of tea :-

Tea is one of the most ancient beverages on the planet, and it’s made by soaking dried leaves in water.Some of the most common tea varieties include black tea, green tea, white tea, oolong tea, herbal tea, and rooibos tea.The tea flavor can change greatly depending on temperature, humidity, and other air conditions. Heat treatments, like pan-firing or steaming, will stop the oxidation process.

1. Black Tea :-

Black tea or red tea is one of the most popular tea flavors and is fully oxidized. The leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant are withered. Assam, Darjeeling, Nilgiri, and Sri Lanka are a few well-known black tea producing regions, and the flavor will vary based on the region and type of black tea.

Black Tea

2. Milk Tea :-

Milk tea refers to several forms of beverage found in many cultures, containing some combination of tea and milk. Beverages vary based on the amount of each of these key ingredients, the method of preparation, and the inclusion of other ingredients (varying from sugar or honey to salt or cardamom).

Milk Tea

3. Green Tea :-

Green tea is the most popular tea globally, is unoxidized, and has less caffeine than black tea. Camellia sinensis leaves are picked, dried, and heat-treated to prevent oxidation. Chinese people often pan-fire leaves, which creates a duller green color, while Japanese people will typically steam them and achieve a brighter green shade. Matcha, Sencha, Gunpowder Green tea, Dragonwell (Longjing) green tea are some different kind of green tea.

Green Tea

4. Herbal Tea :-

Herbal tea doesn’t come from tea leaves like other varieties. It’s made from dried herbs, fruits, and flowers, which can create a wide range of delicate flavors. These tea types are caffeine free, making them ideal for customers with dietary restrictions.hibiscus, chamomile, peppermint, Yerba Mate are some kind of herbal tea.

Herbal Tea

5.Rooibos Tea :-

Rooibos tea, or African Red Tea, is an herbal tea that comes from the South African Red Bush, and the leaves are ground and bruised before they’re fermented and dried. Green rooibos tea doesn’t go through an oxidation / fermentation process and has a lighter flavor.

Rooibos Tea

GAME CHANGER IN PLAYSTATION – SONY PS 6


PS6 Latest Update:
There’s been a talk for years that we’ll reach an end of traditional game console. Could we see Sony downsize to a flash drive-like device that plugs into your TV, like stadia, perhaps? Possibly.Let’s assume that the PS6 is actually in the pipeline for now.
Expected price:
The price might be between $400-$600.
The PS6 is likely to be a long way off.


In an interview with Game informer, Sony’s Executive VP of Hardware Engineering Masayasu Ito confirmed that the PS5 life cycle is expected to last about six or seven years, meaning we won’t see the PS6 until at least 2026.
Features of Sony PS6:
• A smaller console
• More affordable expandable internal storage
• Built in Bluetooth audio support- so we don’t need a dongle for the official headset
• Wireless charging for controllers/headset- can just be placed on top when off
• Wire free and zero latency connection to the TV
• Improve the UI
• VR integration (Virtual reality)
• Smaller design
• Modular upgrades
• Digital only console


The PS6 will surely improve in more ways that the features listed above, but since we’re several years out from launch. The PS6 fashion’s as rugged and dark, with elements presumably taken from various versions of the Xbox, starkly different from the PS5.
Pre orders:
PS6 pre orders will start sometimes after the consoles official announcement from Sony.

WILL YOU GET ANOTHER RELIEF PAYMENT? FOURTH STIMULUS CHECK


The IRS has issued almost 167 million payments in the third round of direct stimulus aid, with another 1.8 million people receiving the$1400 checks. But some lawmakers are pushing for a fourth round of stimulus aid that would effectively send recurring payments until the pandemic ends.
So far, the federal response to the economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic has delivered $3,200 to each eligible adult: $1,200 via the Coronavirus Aid Relief and Economic Security Act in March 2020: $600 in a December relief measure; and $1,400 under the American Rescue Plan signed in March by President Joe Biden.

Last week, President Joe Biden and a bipartisan group of senators worked out the details of a possible infrastructure deal, but nothing resembling pandemic related money was introduced. Biden is “open to a range of ideas” regarding stimulus aid, White House press secretary Jen Psaki said in early June, but that he had already put forward what would be “the most effective for the short term”.
There are many what ifs when it comes to future stimulus aid.
• If it makes the child tax credit raise permanent
• If it passes a minimum wage hike
• If it renews federal unemployment bonuses beyond the fall


Joe Biden said:
It’s time we build an economy that delivers dignity and gives everybody a chance.
Kamala Harris and 80 Democrats in Congress support a new stimulus payment for American families. Joe Biden received 3 request letters for recurring financial payments. Congressmen consider essential for the survival of families that have suffered the pandemic in their family economy.
Fourth stimulus check:
Over 80 lawmakers now support future direct payments to American.

The Proliferation of Undertrials in Indian Jails

The Indian prisons are overcrowded with prisoners. But does that means the rate of crimes committed in India is also increasing? The answer is no. The crime rate is not yet a major concern in the country unlike India’s judicial system. The majority of the inmates who languish in Indian prisons are not convicted of any crime or offence by any judicial court. In fact they are yet to be convicted and are under trial. The population of undertrials exceed the number of convicted prisoners in Indian jails.

It is against the laws of the constitution to detain an individual for long periods of time without trial. Free legal aid and speedy delivery of justice are the fundamental rights of all the citizens of India. However, most of the undertrial prisoners in Indian jails are unaware of their fundamental rights as they are poor and illiterate. The reports by National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) says that the majority of the undertrials are from socio-economic backward classes of the society. Most of them belong to the SC, ST and OBC categories. They are so poor that they could not even afford their bail fees.

The hiking number of undertrial prisoners depicts the flaws of the Indian judicial system. An accused spend years in judicial custodies before their cases are heard in any judicial court. Their case remains pending and goes on for a period which often exceeds their period of imprisonment when they are convicted by law. It also happens that an accused is proven innocent by a court after being kept in imprisonment for years before their hearing commences.

People coming from socio-economically weaker sections of the society had to suffer for the slow and lethargic justice delivery system of India because they could neither afford their bail fees nor a good lawyer. Most of them are also young and falls in the age group of 18-20 years. They ruin some valuable years of their life in prison for minor offences or sometime without committing any offence. The damage to their life, career and reputation are irrevocable. The Indian legal and judicial system should be accountable and compensate these unfortunate specimen of humankind who are mere victims of India’s slow justice delivery system.

Malala Yousafzai’sTop 10 books

  1. I am Malala : BY MALALA YOUSAFZAI
I AM MALALA

The girl who stood up for Education and was shot by the Taliban.

2. Malala’s Magic Pencil by MALALA YOUSAFZAI

If I had a magic pencil I would use it to draw a better world, a more Peaceful World.

3. We are displaced by MALALA YOUSAFZAI

My journey and stories from refugee girls around the World.

4. I am Malala by MALALA YOUSAFZAI

How one girl stood up for Education and changed the world (Young Readers Edition)

5. Malala Yousafzai by MARIA ISBAL SANCHEZ

6. Crayon Magique de Malala by MALALA YOUSAFZAI

7. Malala by MALALA YOUSAFZAI

My story standing up for girls rights.

8. Oxford Bookworms Library fact files: Level 2 : Malala Yousafzai : Graded Readers for secondary and adult learners by RACHEL BLADON

9. Malala Yousafzai (She dared) by JENNI L WALSH

10. Who is Malala Yousafzai by DINAH BROWN

Black Holes: What are they exactly?

Don’t be fooled by the name: a black hole isn’t just empty space. Rather, it’s a vast amount of matter compressed into a small space – imagine a star 10 times more massive than the Sun crammed into a sphere the size of New York City. As a result, nothing, not even light, can escape the gravitational field. NASA instruments have created a fresh picture of these strange objects in recent years, which are considered by many to be the most fascinating entities in space.

For millennia, people have imagined an object in space that is so big and thick that light cannot escape it. Einstein’s theory of general relativity, which proved that when a large star dies, it leaves behind a small, dense remnant core, is most famous for predicting black holes. The equations demonstrated that if the core’s mass is greater than three times that of the Sun, gravity will override all other forces, resulting in a black hole.

Telescopes that detect x-rays, light, or other forms of electromagnetic radiation cannot directly observe black holes. However, we can deduce the existence of black holes and study them by observing their effects on adjacent matter. If a black hole passes through a cloud of interstellar matter, for example, it will accrete matter. If a normal star approaches close enough to a black hole, a similar scenario can occur. In this situation, as it pushes the star closer to itself, the black hole has the potential to break it apart. As the attracted matter speeds up and warms up, x-rays are emitted into space. Moreover, recent discoveries provide compelling evidence that black holes have a profound impact on their surroundings, generating intense gamma ray bursts, eating neighboring stars, and playing a large role in the creation of new stars in some locations while halting it in others.

The death of a star and the beginning of a black hole

The remnants of a massive star that dies in a supernova explosion form the majority of black holes in our universe. (Smaller stars decay into dense neutron stars, which lack the mass to confine light.) It can be demonstrated theoretically that no force can protect a star from collapsing under the force of gravity if the entire mass of the star is great enough (about three times the mass of the Sun). However, something unexpected happens when the star collapses. As the star’s surface approaches an imaginary surface known as the “event horizon,” time on the star slows in comparison to time measured by observers far away. When the surface of the star reaches the event horizon, time stops and the star can no longer collapse – it is merely a frozen entity in space.

Collisions between stars can produce even larger black holes. The strong, transient flashes of light known as gamma ray bursts were first spotted by NASA’s Swift telescope shortly after its launch in December 2004. After collecting data from the event’s “afterglow” with Chandra and NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, researchers concluded that enormous explosions can occur when a black hole and a neutron star meet, forming another black hole.

The sheer size of black holes

Although the basic formation process is well studied and documented, one persistent mystery in black hole research is that they appear to exist on two dramatically different scales. On one hand, there are innumerable black holes formed by the collapse of huge stars. These “stellar mass” black holes are 10 to 24 times as massive as the Sun and can be found all around the Universe. When another star gets close enough to the black hole’s gravity, some of the matter around it is snared, causing x-rays to be emitted. The majority of galactic black holes, however, are extremely difficult to detect. Models estimate that there are as many as ten million to a billion such black holes in the Milky Way alone, based on the number of stars massive enough to form them.

The “supermassive” black holes, which are millions, if not billions, of times as massive as the Sun, are on the other extreme of the size range. Supermassive black holes, according to astronomers, are found at the centre of nearly all major galaxies, including our own Milky Way. Astronomers can spot them by observing the effects they have on neighboring stars and gas.

Astronomers have long held the belief that no mid-sized black holes exist, but r ecent data from Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Hubble, on the other hand, strengthens the case for the existence of mid-sized black holes. A chain reaction of star collisions in compact star clusters leads to the production of extremely massive stars, which eventually collapse to generate intermediate-mass black holes, according to one theory. After then, the star clusters descend to the galaxy’s centre, where the intermediate-mass black holes merge to produce a supermassive black hole.

Be it a baby black-hole or a giant one, these fantastic freely occurring galactic phenomena are still something that modern science needs to understand completely. The fact is that most fascinating things of science take the most time to completely grasp.

Bali – A Dream Destination

Bali is the only Hindu-majority province in Muslim-majority Indonesia, with 86.9% of the population adhering to Balinese Hinduism. Bali is a province of Indonesia and the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands. In east of Java and waste lombok , there is a few smaller neighbouring islands, notably Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan, and Nusa Ceningan. The town of Ubud is known as Bali’s cultural center. The provincial capital, Denpasar, is the most populous city in the Lesser Sunda Islands and the second-largest, after Makassar, in Eastern Indonesia.

Scince the 1980’sIndonesia’s main tourist destination, with a significant rise in tourism. Tourism-related business makes up 80% of its economy. Bali is renowned for its highly developed arts, including traditional and modern dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking, and music. Bali is part of the Coral Triangle, the area with the highest biodiversity of marine species especially fish and turtles. In this area alone, over 500 reef-building coral species can be found.

Why Bali is dream destination for all?

Bali has a ‘One-of-a-kind-wildlife’. Bali also has some most complex sites in the world. Beyond stunning beaches and magical temples, Bali has virtually every kind of natural beauty. Glorious mountainous areas with lush greenery, scenic lakes, gorgeous waterfalls, iconic rice fields, flower gardens, gushing sacred rivers and secret canyons all make up the island’s landscape.

Many people visit it for those mesmerizing beach places, exotic landscape and animals are also point of attraction. You can climb mountains, meet landscapes and swim a ocean life all together.

Bali, Indonesia

Is Bali cheap or expensive?

A visit to the island of Bali is essential part of any visit to Indonesia and must not be missed, but it would be wise to plan a separate budget for this portion of your trip. Bali is already the most expensive tourist destination in Indonesia and is slowly becoming more expensive as tourists discover more of Bali, but cheap food and accommodation are still widely available if you don’t mind basic accommodations, stick to your budget, and bargain respectfully for prices.The easiest way to save money is to leave the more popular destinations and head to the smaller towns and villages where tourists are still less frequent and you will save greatly on accommodations and food.

Why people say that Bail is cheap?

We usually hear about how low the prices are in Asia. Bali is one of the part of Asia. To make that day as real as possible, I found real restaurants and hotels. The prices are from real menus and stores can be found online. Besides that, Bali is extremely cheap because daily expenses are way lower than in other countries. Meals, hotels rooms, shopping, transport fees, and every other expense are all much cheaper. After reaching bail,it costs around $80 dollars per day to live a great life in Bali (as experiment says).

Top 5 must visit places in Bali :-

1. Handara Golf Course Gate

The iconic gate to a pathway to serenity has also become one of the hottest spots for Instagram posts lovers. Aside from the already gigantic exotic traditional Balinese gate, pamper your eyes and decorate your pictures with an amazing green surrounding and the silhouettes of green hills as your backdrop. With its beautiful green scenery and peaceful ambiance, it is no wonder people visiting Bali would squeeze this into their itinerary. If you are looking for a couple photoshoot then that’s your ultimate destination.

Handara Golf Course Gate

2. Ubud :-

Ubud is the ultimate place to enjoy various traditional performances, from the notorious Kecak fire dance to local youths practicing their gamelan in the town hall. The surrounding Ubud District’s rainforest and terraced rice paddies, dotted with Hindu temples and shrines, are among Bali’s most famous landscapes. You can caught various surprise anywhere from the Royal Palace to public places and restaurants.

Hanging Garden Cottage, Ubud
Ubud, Monkey Forest

3. The Bali Swing :-

The Bali Swing is getting all the hype nowadays with people visiting just for the visitors nowadays. Be sure to visit at the right time because the hype with this spot and the stunning view attracts many visitors. Several different swings varying heights overlook a beautiful palm tree valley with a river. This gives out the real Balinese jungle ambiance that’ll mesmerized your heart. It is also important to click the right time for visti and best to check on the weather and best to go in the golden hours of the evening or early mornings with the soft light for the best picture effect.

Bail Swing

4. Tirta Ganga Water Palace :-

Famous for its lavish water garden, Tirta Gangga has become one of the destinations that attract many aesthetic enthusiasts to come and take pictures in. This is the most visited picture spot in Bail. The mystical ambiance of serenity from the traditional Balinese architecture will surely make impact in your soul. It is located in the village of Ababi, an approximate 75 km east of Denpasar.

Tirta Gangga Temple
Fish Pond

5. Kelingking Beach Nusa Penida :-

Bali has its fair share of stunning beaches and is even popular around the world because of these natural beauties. Kelingking Beach, however, brings it all up to a whole new level. You can also view the hidden beach of Kelingking in between these cliffs and only accessible through this climb then continuing down a short yet very steep descend through some stairs provided.As Bali’s most breathtaking places to visit, Kelingking Beach definitely deserves a spot on your must-do-list in Bali. The cliffs are steep and lack of maximum safety, but it is still a safe hike if you are careful of your steps. The sceneries on the viewpoint are out of this world with a view looking down to the clear blue waters and the obvious shape of the cliffs as a T-Rex.

Kelingking Beach stairs

After visiting all those places we must say Bail is worthy to be a ‘Dream Destination’. It’s actually incredible Bail, Indonesia.

National Doctors’ Day

National Doctors Day is celebrated nationwide, every year, on the 1st of July. But why? This is to express our gratitude towards doctors and physicians for their service towards our well-being. Legendary physician and the second Chief Minister of West Bengal, Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy was born on the 1st of July in Patna, Bihar in 1882 and coincidentally died on the very same date in the year 1962. In 1961, Dr Roy was conferred with the nation’s highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna. Doctors day in India was established in 1991 in honour of his birth and death anniversary.

Well, Doctors day is celebrated every year on the 1st of July but this year another day was observed, by the doctors of IMA (Indian Medical Association) on 18th of June, NATIONAL PROTEST DAY. Doctors came together against the assaults on doctors in COVID wards. IMA observed nationwide protests demanding central law to protect doctors against violence.

Doctors and healthcare workers held placards and raised slogans like doctors bachao desh bachao (save doctors, save nation) and save the saviour. Doctors and medical staff at the IMA office in Hyderabad protested wearing black badges. Doctors from AIIMS Delhi and IMA unit, Ludhiana also took part in the agitations. Various state-level protests were taking place for a long time.

Why are these protests taking place? 

 Let me brief you here

  • Bhopal: A local politician was seen screaming at a Bhopal doctor who couldn’t save the life of a patient who was bought to the hospital at an oxygen level of 30. This left the doctor in tears and he was demoralised to the extent that he wanted to resign.
  • Guwahati: A doctor at a coronavirus facility in Assam was punched, kicked, and pounded with metal trash cans and bricks, by the relatives of a Covid patient who had died, allegedly due to oxygen shortage. Locals also assaulted the doctor who was then hospitalised.
  • Kerala: A police official allegedly attacked a doctor in the Alappuzha district. The official is accused of slapping Dr Rahul Mathew, who was working the night shift at the Mavelikkara district hospital, after the former’s mother, a COVID-19 patient, was brought dead to the hospitals. Doctors protest for the non-arrest.

And many more such cases went viral on social media. Assaults on doctors might not make it to the news daily, but take place every day.

What exactly did they do to get such treatment?

Grinded in high school, cracked NEET, spent 7-8 years working hard and studying in college, paid a hefty amount of fees to medical colleges or even took loans for their studies.

Who does that? Their fault, right?

Image source: Google | Image by: BusinessToday.In

During COVID lockdown when most of us were busy making dalgona coffee and baking cakes, they were out there in scorching heat, wearing PPE kits dealing with patients. Burning the candle at both ends, forgetting they have a life of their own, forgetting they have a family waiting for them, isolating themselves from their own family members, in their own houses to protect their families from contracting the virus, more than 500 doctors died during COVID, trying to save our lives. But why, just to save us. Imagine how demoralising it is for them to get beaten up by the ones they’re working for.

What is the probable reason?

  • Lack of infrastructure
  • Manpower
  • Laws in place
  • Security arrangements

Lack of infrastructure

The shortfall of ICUs, no beds for patients, dearth of oxygen support, the inadequacy of medicines, caretakers bound to wait in long queues for medicines at dispensaries, patients gasping outside hospitals, black marketing of almost everything required for a person to recover, our health infrastructure was crippling.

 Manpower

Along with the tools used to help fight COVID, there is a paucity of our warriors too. There should be at least one doctor per 1000 patients according to WHO, whereas in India there is one doctor who attends more than 1445 patients. Not just doctors, the suggested number of nurses per 1000 patients is at least 3, there are just 1.7 in India (43% less than WHO standards). This leads to overworking of doctors and medical staff ignoring their basic requirements like sleep and a proper diet.

Laws in place

Medicare Service Persons and Medicare Service Institutions (Prevention of Violence and Damage to Property) Act, also known as the Medical protection act is there in at least 19 states, which when breached can lead to an imprisonment of up to 3 years and a fine of INR 50,000. Damage to any medical devices and equipment is a punishable offence and offenders are liable to pay twice the amount of the damaged equipment’s cost.

The Act, however, fails to really protect doctors because it features neither in the Indian Penal Code (IPC) nor in the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC). This makes it difficult for victims to approach the police for help or the latter to file a complaint against suspects.

Security arrangements

Doctors are not politicians with scores of gunmen and bouncers around them, who will assure their safety? Due to lack of security at hospitals and clinics, doctors and other staff are the soft targets for unhappy relatives and agitated patients.

Stepping into doctor’s shoes

Imagine yourself as a teacher who fears being beaten up to death by parents for their child’s poor performance at a test, will you even be willing to teach anymore with the same zest. I don’t think so. Hospitals are understaffed, doctors are overworked, patients are overwhelmed.

But this isn’t the fault of our doctors. They are going an extra mile in order to save as many patients as they can, making 3 patients share a bed or switching oxygen support among patients, they have our best interest at heart.

Doctors are not supposed to be accountable for the paralyzed infrastructure, that is where the leaders we vote for come into play. They’re made to work for 15+ hours at a stretch that too in a harsh environment, in a place they no longer feel safe or comfortable in. 

What do doctors want?

All they want is for the government to sit with them and consider their problems.

For a law to protect their lives so that they can continue with their duties towards the nation. The implementation of existing laws. 

They don’t demand banging of thalis from our balconies or something like that in order to pay our respect, they didn’t ask for showering of flowers upon them for their service, all they’re asking for is to be able to practice in a safe environment where they’re worried for patients’ life, not scared of getting beaten up by sticks.

We were always raised to believe doctors are God on land. Saving our life, giving us a new one at times, while risking their own. What they now want is not godly, but at least a humanly manner.

How can we help?

First and foremost, don’t be someone they need protection from. i.e. don’t be an assaulter.

Secondly, don’t ignore if you see someone being unfair toward them. Raise your voice, report if you see something like this. 

A simple realisation that we can trust our doctors can do wonders.

Lastly, don’t forget they’re humans too. Thank them, pay your respect, or at least, just don’t be a jerk.

This Doctors day, I bet Dr Bidhan Chandra wouldn’t be proud of our country treating its doctors and medical staff like this.

Let’s all come together and promise that we’ll make the world a better place to live for our selfless human beings. We owe them.

Ending here with a salute to any doctor or an aspiring doctor reading this, and a sincere tribute to the warriors that lost their lives.

Kudos, to all of you.

THE ONE NATION ,ONE ELECTION

We heard about the one nation, one election system also known as simultaneous election that because there is a proposal to conduct the elections to the Lok Sabha and a State assemblies at the same time. The concept was introduced by our Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2016. Due to the introduction there going an over all discussion about the topic of ” simultaneous election”.

One Step taken by the Law Commission submitted draft report to our government on 30 August 2018 , showing the proposal of the concept. It also suggested the changes to the Constitution and the electoral law for the simultaneous polls .

The idea of “One Nation, One Election” introduced a system where elections to all states and the Lok Sabha will have to be held simultaneously. This will involve the rebuilding of the Indian election cycle in a manner that elections to the states and the central integrate . This mean that the voters will cast their vote for electing members of the Lok Sabha and the state assemblies on a single day, at the same time .

In my opinion I don’t support the concept of The One Nation, One Election because the simultaneous election will erode our Constitution there will be weaken democracy and also obliterate regional parties . Yes some people support the concept because of the reduce vast costs involved in separate election but expenses can’t be an excuse for supporting the concept.

The PM has justified two points , Firstly that often conducting elections is a costly affair, and holding elections simultaneously will make them less expensive. Second, that “regularly” elections mean that the model code of conduct (MCC) is frequently in place, which assumedly prevents the government from focusing on the development activities of our country.

Parliamentary democracy is part of the basic structure of the Constitution, as is federalism. The most important feature of parliamentary democracy is that elected legislatures are dynasty, and that the government of the day is only lawful as long as it enjoys a majority in the legislature. In other words, parliamentary democracy is sustained by fixed term elections, regardless of how much they cost and regardless of whether these are in duet with other state elections or not.

It is unfair to the voters to wait for the government simply because the PM supported all elections will be held together our country is an democratic nation which have a vast population simultaneous election will be a threat to democracy and federalism.

 The Constitution measure subjects on which the states alone are able to legislate or administer, without interference from the Centre. State governments do not function at the delight of the Union government but the proprietorship of the state legislature. If a state legislature fails to throw up a government, then the Constitution provides a simple solution to this instability — re-elections. 

National and state issues are different, and simultaneous election will affect the decision and judgement of the voters where we believe election is the most important role of democracy.

Since elections will be held once in five years, it will reduce the government’s liability to the people. Repeated elections increases liability

One nation-one election will also mean the total destroy of regional parties , the more national parties than regional or hyperlocal parties and mean the destruction of India’s multi-party system in support of a unipolar electoral platform. The absence of regional parties will mean that regional concerns are left without a voice at the decision-making table.

To treat India’s diversity as somehow will severely damage federalism and parliamentary democracy. By choosing to sacrifice constitutional principles and danger position to our democracy system of India.

Written by : Rasmita Dey

MENTAL HEALTH AND LEARNING!

In India, Mental issues has been considered as a bane since ages. An issue which should ideally be concerned over more than any other diseases and problems in an individual’s life was always overlooked by each and everyone here. Instead what happened was without knowing the inner feelings and situations of someone, considering him/her mentally ill and making fun of their condition, discarding them out of social groups, insulting them in every possible ways. From children to elders; behaviors were all the same, because the root cause was the wrong learning which each one of us received. Calling someone “Mad” for some unusual pattern of theirs’ was and is taught as a very casual, funny thing to every kid. The problem is our society being so obsessed with their typically illogical norms set up by some Orthodox and unlearnt people. God knows how many lives had been destroyed beacuse of these stupid things people does, how many killed themselves till date just because they expected someone to understand them, but were disappointed.

Why are these norms even more important than a person’s whole life? Since, when did humans became so selfish to not care about anyone until they are either dead or devastated?

Be it a kid, teenager, adult each and everyone has a right to be understood and it’s a responsibility of all to understand. To answer the questions above I could suggest only one word ‘Respect’. Everyone here, is taught to care about society more than oneself. Be it our own parents and family at times, all would teach us to stop being different because it wasn’t respected enough and just close our eyes follow the illogical path to living. While Lord himself has made each one of us unique with different looks and features, why can’t we just respect and accept all what a person is and beautifully embrace the diversity of human kind. Let the person be free and do what makes Them happy and not just the society. Give a chance for everyone to express well and. not judge them unnecessarily. Be trust worthy and loving enough to make someone feel comfortable in sharing, rather than choosing death as a better option. However, finally when the world was at break in these lockdowns due to Covid is when everyone as a whole started gaining an in depth knowledge of mental health and a necessity to understand it, as of course it wasn’t easy to live caged in the same place and space everyday. The understanding came when all the people themselves beared the burden on their heads.

But, as said ” Better late than never”. The Mental Health consideration came into existence and the spread of a proper knowledge onto this utterly important topic started. Mainly initiated by Social media influencers to becoming a trending topic among common people, to celebs. It has finally came up to the government’s notice.

THE FIRST STEPPING STONE…

Taking it to consideration, CBSE (Central board of secondary education) has finally come up with a plan to spread a proper mental health awareness within the kids aged 9-11 years. News report from A reliable source states that, “CBSE has launched a new Mobile app for students and parents. The new app ‘Dost for life’ is an exclusive psychological counselling app for students and parents of Case affiliated students. The new app will simultaneously cater to students and parents from different cbse- affiliated schools in different geographies accross the World”.

This app is easily available for download on play store and is already affiliated with all the CBSE schools. Under this, students can fix their time slots according to their convenience and sit and attend sessions on mental health awareness three days a week. This would not only help students and parents understand and respect their own mental state and each other’s but also acknowledge them with the facts on how to be a help to people suffering through related issues arround them. Being known with facts and consequences of this issue, they could also be stopped from exaggerating their own problems, understand the true meaning of these terms and how to contribute their part in saving others from it. It will fulfill the agenda of making ‘Mental health’ an open and foremost significant topic to learn and talk about. Hopefully, it would contribute to the future of our country in the best way possible.

A NOTE TO ALL.

Remember, that fear of being judged and Unaccepted is the biggest enemy of a person. Thus, Self worth and Respect for others are the two main weapons you could use to curb this fear to build in you and others as well. Learn to accept yourself and others, take advices from good people around when confused, give them if Experienced but , “Never Ever Give Up”.

Here are some Lifehacks to keep you calm and happy in every situation for you to learn and suggest to your loved ones and to people in need for help; Find serenity in little things.