THE AGRARIAN REVOLUTION

The term Agrarian Revolution implies the great changes that took place in the agricultural methods of England during the second half of the 17th century and the first half of the eighteenth century.

Causes of the Revolution:

  • The old open field system was wasteful of land because, according to this arrangement, every year one of the three fields was to be out of cultivation.
  • Secondly, come the old system of distribution of land was wasteful of time.
  • Thirdly, there was the necessity of confirming the customs of the village and thus made experiments in agriculture method possible.

In the 18th century, the population was increasing and so more food was needed. Owing to the scarcity of food materials there was a rise in prices. The old-fashioned farmers thought that they could get more money if they produce more. This idea was an incentive for them to improve their agricultural methods.

Reallocation of Lands:

Reallocation of lands in consolidated blocks which could be enclosed, several Enclosure Acts were passed in the reign of George II and George III. There were many cases of the poor peasants being not satisfied with the reallocation. Such people sold their small holdings to wealthy businessmen of the city who were eager to possess lands of their own. The final result of this tendency was that the class of rural inhabitants known as yeomen disappeared.

Advantages of enclosure system:

One of the advantages of the enclosure system was that it gave scope for many enterprising people to make experiments. Jethro Tull of Berkshire was the inventor of the drill for sowing seeds. He also emphasized the necessity of capital selection of seeds if good crops were to be obtained.

Another pioneer is Charles Townshend of Norfolk. He adopted Tull’s principles and paid much attention to the question of rotation of crops. He introduced the four-course rotation of turnips, barley, clover, and ryegrass, and wheat. These measures prevented an unprotective fallow. His innovation made Norfolk a leading agricultural country. With the result that in the thirty years the rental of the one farm rose from 180 pounds to 800 pounds a year.

The work of Townshend was continued by Thomas Cook. He followed the precepts of Tull and in addition fed the soil with manures including bones. In nine years he was able to grow excellent wheat crops. He also introduced new artificial foods such as oil cake under led the way in fattening cattle for the London markets. He held a yearly meeting for farmers at his house and these meetings farming topics were discussed and much advice was given and received. It is estimated that the annual rental of his estate Rose from 2,200 pounds in 1776 to 20,000 pounds in 1816.

Cattle farming:

While Norfolk landlords were thus making great improvements in arable farming, a Leicestershire farmer, Kama Robert Bakewell was revolutionizing English methods of stock breathing. Up to this time sheep had been valued chiefly for their wool, the production of mutton had been only secondary. Bakewell was the first to turn his attention to the production of meat as the main consideration of stock breeding. By patient choice and experiment, he succeeded in producing a new breed of sheep with fattened quickly and weighed heavy. His success attracted the attention of many. Farmers from far and wide visited his farm at Dishley and became converts to his new methods. Others who did pioneering work in this field were George Culley, Charles Colling, and John Salman.

Board of agriculture:

Royal patronage was also given to the moment of revolutionizing the agriculture methods. George III, affectionately known to his subjects as a farmer George, established a model farm at Windsor. The success of the moment was due to the writings of agriculture writers, the most famous was Arthur Young. When a board of agriculture was established in 1793. Young was made its secretary.

Conclusion:

With the advent of the enclosure system, the English banking system also grows, for even the wealthy landlords did not have money to do the fencing and other improvements. So they have to borrow money from the banks. Through all those methods was very desirable from the point of view of production, it had a harmful effect on the partition. The system deprived him of the privilege of grazing his cattle and cutting fuel from the commons.

What is a Novel

Picaresque Novel

MY LOVE AFFAIR WITH …

My love affair with paper & pen is something that I would love to share with you all .At an early age of 8 I used to run my fingers through the corners of story books as I love reading them , I used to draw the characters with the help of pencil on the corners of the book . When ever I used to read I always used to have a pen in my hand , I feel paper & pen are the most powerful thing in this whole world , do you want to know how ? I will tell you !

I can put my thoughts on paper , for introverts , who are not able to express themselves in front of any one , writing diary every day works the best . When you have a paper & pen in your hand it has many benefits to you , some of them are :

Provides Clarity –Penning down our thoughts bring structure to the vast inner world of fragmented emotions and thoughts that goes on in our hearts and minds. 

Self-discovery– Journaling helps us to introspect, to gain great insights into ourselves- our strengths, weakness, ambitions, and obstacles which is a step towards personal growth and development. It is one of the roads to self-discovery, so when ever you write on a paper with you pen you are putting you best foot forward to know yourself a bit extra.

Alleviate Stress– Expressing our anger, frustration or sadness on paper reduces the intensity of our emotions and makes us feel calmer hence helping us to gain more clarity and make rational decisions. It lets loose the negativity that we have festering inside us and reduces its deleterious effects. 

Self Expression/Venting Out– When voice fails us, we can express ourselves through written words. While writing down our emotions and thoughts, boundaries of topic, structure, punctuation, grammar and syntax can be transcended to free flowing expression of ourselves. When we write, our thoughts fly from the cage of our restless minds and are clearly displayed on the paper in front of us.

You saw , paper & pen helps you reliving from your stress also . This is what I was talking about . In professional terms also a written statement is considered move valuable & powerful , penning down your thoughts on paper & publishing them will also work the best best for you . It’s not always easy to discern and express our emotions especially when we are going through dark storms in our lives. At that time we might have a cornucopia of turbulent thoughts and emotions which might not be easy to voice. While writing, we don’t have to fear that the paper or diary will have any bias or prejudice towards us or we have to make sense in order to clearly express ourselves. A paper & pen will never be biased towards you , though the whole world be , hence I am in love with them

Ready Player One: Explained

With our world growing even closer to being a virtual reality connecting everyone, this movie gives a sneak peak in a very possible future. Our world is moving toward virtual reality at an alarming rate, technology is being developed to completely immerse a person in VR. LucasVRTech is a young youtuber that is developing cheap alternatives to VR technology, he is developing an open source haptic feedback glove for VR enthusiasts. Corporations have jumped at every trend possible, VR is no different. People have been finding a short escape from reality using video games for a long time, VR is just helping the escape feel more real.

The movie is set in 2045 where people use OASIS a virtual reality simulation to escape reality. The simulation is created by James Halliday and Ogden Morrow, after Halliday’s death his avatar announces a contest that promises ownership of OASIS to the winner. The prize is locked behind three gates, the keys can be obtained by completing three challenges. The contest draws thousands of participants known as egg hunters or gunters. The contest also draw the interest of Nolan Sorrento the CEO if IOI who seeks to control the OASIS, IOI has employees known as the sixers who participate in the competition on Nolan’s behalf.

The movie follows Wade Watts an avid gunter that goes by the moniker Parzival, he is a super fan and spends most of his free time trying to defeat the challenge. He manages to crack the first challenge by driving backwards on a race track instead of going forwards, this maneuverer is copied by Art3mis, Aech, Daito and Sho. They are known as the high-5 on the contest leader boards. Sorrento intends to find out Parzival’s real name and bribe him to win the competition on his behalf.

Sorrento enlists bounty hunter i-R0k to learn about Parzival’s real identity. Wade and Art3mis work together in the Halliday archives, they find a clue that could lead them to the second key. The duo visit a virtual nightclub to find more clues, Wade reveals his real name to Artemis. They are ambushed by IOI, Art3mis reveals that her father died in debt to IOI and abandons Wade. i-R0k who had been eavesdropping their conversation learns Parziwal’s identity and conveys it to Sorento. Wade is contacted by Sorento with his offer, Wade refuses and is nearly killed when Sorento bombs his building. Wade survives and is taken by Samantha Cook the player behind Art3mis to her hideout.

The High 5 search a recreation of the overlook hotel from the Shining for the second key, and retrieve it. Sorrento’s subordinate Zandor locates and captures Samantha, she is imprisoned in IOI headquarters to pay off her father’s debt. Wade is saved by rest of the High 5 Members Aech, Daito and Sho in Aech’s truck. The group hacks Sorento’s personal rig to save Art3mis, she escapes confinement but stays at IOI. The final challenge is located at castle Anorak on planet doom, where contenders must guess Halliday’s favourite game to earn the final key. i-R0k creates a forcefield around the castle preventing players from entering it while IOI tries to beat the final challenge, Art3mis who stayed behind uses the opportunity to disable the forcefield.

The High 5 lead an army of players into the castle to battle IOI, Wade kills Art3mis which allows her to flee from IOI while rest of the High 5 pick her up. Sorrento activates a weapon that wipes out everyone, Wade survives using a coin give to him by the curator that gives him an extra life. Wade beats the final challenge and comes before Halliday’s avatr Anorak, he offers wade a contract. Wade refuses when he remembers that Morrow the co-creator signed a similar contract, Anorak transforms to Halliday and explains Wade his regrets before giving him the ownership of OASIS. Morrow appears and reveals himself as the curator, he talks to Wade about the ownership. Wade decides to run OASIS with his friends and Morrow joins as a consultant. OASIS now under the new management of High 5 bars IOI loyalty centres from accessing it, it also shuts down the servers every Tuesday and Thursday to make people spend more time in the real world.

This was a really amazing movie with a pretty real concept. Our world might move in a similar direction in a few years, people are unsatisfied by reality and prefer Virtual world where they control most of its aspects. I’m an avid gamer and would love a virtual reality despite the known drawbacks. In a situation like a pandemic, games and VR is something that allowed people to interact with each other. Every coin has 2 sides we must decide to focus on the better aspects.

Photography – The Poetry of Images

Photography is nothing less than an art form of absolute purity. Silent poetry with the moments
captured in an image is photography. The most memorable and beautiful way to remember the
special things in life with full clarity. Photos are a way of preserving the best memories and
moments for eternity. Photos are the permanent reminder of the past. Never get forgotten. They
will always be alive. The past, the memories, everything is hidden in the photos. Hidden but so
transparent in emotions. All the feelings just in a single place. They get old but are
unforgettable. But on the bright side, photos are a way of expressing your emotions in a
completely different and innovative way.

Photo by Kaique Rocha on Pexels.com


Photography is not just work, it is a passion filled with excitement and hope. It is a specific but
not so specific piece of art. It can be done in various forms with no boundaries. There’s nothing
to dislike in photography. It’s just another way to showcase talent of immense beauty.
Everything, every moment can be captured and kept for the rest of your life. Photos have the
finest texture and the most amazing depiction of a thing. It feels like it’s real.
Photographers have the ability and power to make a photo so great that it magnifies the
moment. They are able to drastically change the outcome of an image by using various
equipment for high quality and definition. Every small detail is shown through photos. It gives
pleasure to experience and relive the moments in life through photos.

Photos are not just a piece of paper or a file occupying a little space in your mobile or camera roll. They are an
explicit version of your life in brief. The small moments to the big memories, all are stored in a
single place for you to look after decades and enjoy living in the moment again. Photography depicts the vulnerability of the photographers through their art. Photographers use photography as a medium for creative expressions. They pour their heart out in the photos. They are artists of very fine quality and beauty in its purest form. The beauty and creativity can not be ignored by any living heart in this world. Embrace moments and capture them in real time
with photography.

5 best places to visit while you are travelling to Aurangabad

1. Daulatabad Fort

Daulatabad “The City of Fortune” also called as Devgiri. Daulatabad was built in 1187 by Yadava Dynasty. Later Muhammad Tughlak renamed it as “Daulatabad : the city of fortune”.
Just 15 km away from main city of Aurangabad, Daulatabad Fort is located. Often known as one of the “Seven Wonders of Maharashtra”, Daulatabad fort is the best example of powerful architecture. It’s built on a 200m high conical hill, surrounded by the greenery with architecture beauty and protection from enemies. The view after hiking about 700 odd steps up to the top is mesmerising, fascinating and irreplaceable. If you like trekking then you must visit Daulatabad Fort, reaching the top is the most challenging part for every trekker.
The one more reason to visit Daulatabad Fort is “Chand Minar” also called as Tower of the Moon located near the Fort.

Timing = 8am to 6pm

2. Bibi ka Maqbara

Bibi ka Maqbara (Tomb of Rabia) has similar architecture like “Taj Mahal”. A symbol of love and remembrance Bibi ka Maqbara is a beautiful place to visit in Aurangabad. Maqbara has a Charbagh styled garden and it sits pretty right in centre with the surrounding structure, having a water pool and 61 fountains. Located just 3km away from main city.

Timing = 8am to 8pm.

3. Jayakwadi Dam

The largest irrigation dam in Maharashtra and one of the largest earthen dams in Asia, the fascinating Jayakwadi dam is located on Godavari river at site of Jayakwadi village in Paithan taluka of Aurangabad. Watching the dam will make you feel like you are watching a real ocean with no end. Also visit the bird sanctuary near it and don’t forgot to buy famous “Paithani” for your lovely ladies from Paithan.

Timing = 10am to 6pm

4. Ajanta Caves

Located from just 107km away from Aurangabad, Ajanta caves is the most attractive place for foreign tourist’s. A group of around 32 Buddhist caves that are carved out of rocks, these caves date back to the 2nd century and is considered as the most brilliant form of ancient Indian art.
Since 1983, Ajanta caves has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. On the walls of caves there are paintings which recounts the life of Lord Buddha. From the architecture, shape, and form of the caves, it is pretty sure that the ancient Buddhist monks used these caves for studying, living and worship purposes. The murals, paintings, and carvings on the wall reveal many unknown facts about the way of living, the cultures and tradition.

Timings: 8 AM to 5 PM

5. Ellora Caves

Another famous tourist place to visit near Aurangabad is Ellora caves, the another powerful example of Indian architecture. Located around 29 km from the city. This chain of caves were built by the Rashtrakuta dynasty of the Buddhist clan and Yadav group of the Jains.
A must visit UNESCO World Heritage site in Maharashtra, this series of caves also showcases the perfection and epitome of the pre historic times of the Indian culture.
There are all 34 caves of which, 12 are Buddhist, 17 Hindu and 5 Jain.

Timings: 6 AM to 6 PM

THEN CAME YOU (MOVIE)

I have been thinking about this movie for the past several days since watching it which is probably the sign of a good movie. 

ABOUT THE MOVIE:

Then Came You is a 2018 American  movie directed by Peter Hutchings and written by Fergal Rock. It is romantic comedy-drama. The movie is a about a spirited girl who brings life force to an uncertain male. The movie follows how Skye Aitken the terminally ill girl having a desire to enjoy her life before she dies. She develops friendship with Calvin Lewis a young man working as a baggage handler at the airport and also a college drop-out, whose doctor thinks he has a hypochondriac, though Calvin denies it.

THE PLOT:

The young man in need of a new start is Calvin Lewis, a shy, sad young boy. He is a college drop out working as a luggage handler along with his father and his brother. He is so obsessed with death that he keeps journal of his possible symptoms and attends a cancer patient support group even though he had no cancer. There he meets free spirit and dying Skye who enlist him to help fulfill her final wishes which she has dubbed her To Die List, because “Bucket List” is not cute enough. Skye has the kind of fatal disease we see only in movies, looking completely fine with her cute wigs and filled with energy. This all lasted until Skye collapse at a dramatic moment. she has to get Calvin to help her with her list of supposed-to-be-adorable rule-breakers like shoplifting and vandalism and a few things healthy people have time to wait for, like having sex with the guy she had a crush on before she got sick. This provides an opportunity for a montage with Skye and Calvin performing Shakespeare in a park, fencing, spray-painting a building, wearing funny outfits at a sidewalk stand selling fried chicken and tacos, and behind the wheel of a fire truck, none of which is close to being as charming as it intends. One of the items on her list is “help a sad case,” so she pushes Calvin to come clean about not having cancer and ask out Izzy, the flight attendant he has a crush on from afar. Just to make sure we have not had enough reminders about how Calvin is wasting his chance at life while a dying Skye is filling the time she has left with adventure, Calvin works at the airport but has never been on a plane.

This movie builds the emotional attachment you have to the characters until you start to truly feel what they are going through.  It also has a great message about living and life.  It’s not your usual vapid teen romance comedy but is relatable to any age.  I fell in love with Skye’s spirit and strength. The spirit and actions of Skye will make us to believe that she will get better and stay alive but it is not possible. The more she express her happinees outside the more the pain she is bearing from inside. Calvin who was waiting for a new start has finally met a person like Skye with whom he felt how life can be more interesting and enjoyable. Skye was the reason for Calvin to date with Izzy. In the middle of all crisis she also thought about Calvin’s happiness. It was another great performance by Maisie Williams  who I believe will be one of our premier actresses in the future.   Asa Butterfield, remember him from Sex Education. Overall definitely a must watch for when you are looking to sit and chill instead of getting hyped up watching an action movie.

Why physical activity is important in this pandemic

Pandemic has changed our lifestyles , made us stuck in our phones & laptops , & left us with no physical activity .

The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented time all across the world. Worldwide, extensive social distancing policies are put into place, restricting people’s daily activities and worldwide pleas from governments asking people to stay safe and stay at home. This of course means that most people will spend much of their time (if not all) at home.

These social distancing measures mean that people have far fewer opportunities to be physically active, especially if activities such as walking or cycling as transportation, or taking part in a leisurely activity (e.g. jogging, walking the dog, going to the gym) are being restricted. Furthermore, these drastic measures also make it so much easier to be sedentary at home for long periods of time. The impact of this physical inactivity may very likely be seen in many areas such as health and social care and the mental well-being of people all across the globe Though this social distancing is the need of now , but physical activities are also the need of now.

In light of the current situation worldwide, certain benefits of physical activity may be specifically pertinent to the COVID-19 Pandemic. These benefits are:

  • Physical activity enhances immune function and reduces inflammation therefore it could reduce the severity of infections which will automatically leads to good health.
  • Physical activity improves common chronic conditions that increase the risk for severe COVID-19 (i.e. Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes) , but taking these physical activities in your daily lives , risk of death due to corona virus will reduce .
  • Physical activity is a great stress management tool by reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression.
  • Physical activity helps bring cortisol levels in balance. Stress and distress (such as during a pandemic) creates an imbalance in cortisol levels and this negatively influences immune function and inflammation.
  • Instead of always keeping an eye on your phone & laptops keeping an eye on your physical activities will leads to rest for your eyes, neck, & back.

We all know that this pandemic will stay with us for a long go , even if you are save with no corona virus symptoms , poor physical health will lead you to major heath issues . Instead of surrounding yourself with heath problems , indulge yourself into physical exercise, like yoga , meditation , exercise ,etc. ” STAK HOME , STAY SAFE , INDULGE YOUR SELF WITH INDOOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITES & HENCE SATY FIT”.

Sunsets

The only reason I believe in happy endings

Like SRK said if the ending is not happy ending then, “Picture abhi baki hai mere dost”. When the sky is in it’s beautiful colours and the sun is going down, may be they are trying to say us that look, “the endings can be beautiful too”, may be they are giving us hope, hope for better and beautiful future, may be, they are trying to say us that, let go what happened today, just forgot what happened in the past by looking at this beautiful sunset skies and look forward to every sunrise, it’s your golden opportunity to “RESET”.

It’s the nature of life that things don’t stay the same but sunsets are the proof that, they can end beautifully, so don’t give up, just keep going no matter what happens the end gonna be beautiful. After entire day work just you, a cup of coffee and beautiful sunset with your favourite music will help you to forgot about all your worries and you’ll just want to live in that moment forever when the sky is in it’s beautiful colours. The world is fighting against the virus and we are too young to dealing with all this, so much has happened, so much is happening, at some point in our life we all feel depressed, sad and lonely, sometimes we just want to give up and it’s a life but, DON’T, comfort yourself by looking at these beautiful sunset skies.

Some people may sound like that, you need to do something special in life, and that’s not true. They will judge you at every point in your life but, don’t think, don’t put so much thoughts into what you’re doing and what others are saying or what others will say, you just have to keep going. Start doing things for yourself let them call you selfish sometimes it’s really okay to be selfish.

Also always remember, you are just a little bit doubtful of your potential and unsure of your worth but you are as amazing as these sunset skies.

Heritage trains in India that you must enjoy a ride on

Heritage rails are more than just tourist attractions. Not only they helps create a romantic feel, but also give us a glimpse of the history of the land. Although heritage railways have renovated most of their trains for technical advancements and safety purposes, they still carry the old-school charm. The views on these routes are just unparalleled. Here’s a list of heritage trains that you need to definitely enjoy a ride on.

Kalka-Shimla Railway

This narrow gauge railway chugs between Kalka and Shimla, and is famous for offering beautiful views of forests and hill regions. It was built in 1898 to connect Shimla, the summer capital of India, with the rest of the Indian rail system. It is 2 ft 6 inch (762 mm) narrow gauge railway in North-West India, and was built by HS Harington. It is now operated by the Northern Railway. UNESCO added the Kalka-Shimla railway to mountain railways of India World Heritage Site in 2008.

Darjeeling Himalayan Railway

The toy train, this train travels between New Jalpaiguri station and Darjeeling station. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway started in the end of the 19th century, and covers six zigzag routes and five large loops to reach higher altitudes. In 1999, this route was declared as a World Heritage Site; it has also been one of the country’s most famous tourist attractions. The setting of the train journey also has a vintage charm to it, a ride on this train will definitely change your outlook toward train travel.

Nilgiri Mountain Railway

The Nilgiri Mountain Railway is in Tamil Nadu, and was built in 1908 by the British. The route runs from Mettupalayam to Udhagamandalam (Ooty), and takes around 4.8 hours to complete. Most times, just one train travels on this route each way; however, during the peak summer season, four trains run each way, everyday. In July 2005, UNESCO designated it as a World Heritage Site, and is now operated by the Salem railway division.

Matheran Hill Railway

This train is on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, yet a ride on this train will be one of the best rides ever!. This narrow gauge train runs between Neral and Matheran in Maharashtra. Interesting thing to note here is that it chugs along the well-known Western Ghats, so in terms of views, you are in for a ride. Further, this 21 km long route has been in operation since 1907. The train starts its journey in Neral, and then ascends the Matheran hill by going through two large zig-zags before completing its 140 hours’ journey.

Fruits Which Will Cost Your Fortune

I have already written about expensive fruits before ( Here is the link — https://wordpress.com/post/eduindex.org/55706 .Please check it also .) but that was not enough . Apart from Buddha Shaped Pear ,Sembikiya Queen strawberries ,Square watermelons ,Sekai-ichi Apple ,Yubari melon ,Taiyo – No – Tamago Mango , there are some more fruits in the world which can be proudly placed in the list of expensive .Let’s talk about them .

1) Ruby Red Grapes or Ruby Roman : This comes under the species Vitis vinifera .Its color is beautiful ruby red that’s why it is called ruby red grapes .Every grape is as big as a ping pong ball & perfectly round in shape  .These types of grapes are very juicy & sweet in taste .You can only able to buy it from  Ishikawa Prefecture in Japan as it is grown & cultivated in this place . These grapes first appeared in 2008 in Japan . According to a 2019 report , One bunch of a ruby roman costs almost 750000 rupees & one grape costs almost 35000 rupees in Indian currency . The reason for this high price value is the low amount of production of these grapes as only 2400 bunches are harvested per year .

Ruby Roman or Ruby Red Grapes
Ruby Red Grapes in a Japanese store

2) Heligan Pineapple or British Pineapple : Pineapples usually grow in warm weather but the cold weather of Europe, especially the United Kingdom is not very suitable . But these heligan pineapples are exclusively cultivated only in a Victorian garden, The Lost Gardens of Heligan which has existed from the 18th century & situated in Cornwall in UK .This pineapples are grown in utmost care & in special condition .They cost more than $ 1500 or 100000 rupees . Still now the highest price of heligan pineapple is $ 16000 .

Heligan Pineapple
Heligan Pineapple cultivation in Lost Gardens of Heligan

3) Dekopon Orange : Dekopon orange is a hybrid citrus fruit of two citrus species Kiyomi & Ponkan .It was first developed in 1972 in Japan .It is a seedless orange with sweet juicy flesh .It is considered as one of the best & expensive citrus fruit & only sold in Japan . The price of a dekopon orange is $ 80 or 6000 rupees per pack which contains only 6 oranges .

Dekopon Orange
Dekopon Orange

4) Densuke Watermelon : It is one of the most costly watermelons in the world .This watermelon is perfectly round shaped with spotless deep green outer surface .The edible red flesh of this watermelon are much sweeter & juicier than other watermelons .Each piece of watermelon is weight of 11 kg or more than  11 kg . Densuke watermelon are only farmers in the Hokkaido island in Japan & only  can be brought from Sembikiya Flagship store situated in Tokyo , Japan . Only 10000 number of densuke watermelons are produced  per year .It costs almost $ 6000 or 4.4 lakh in Indian currency .

Densuke Watermelon

5) Black Diamond Apple : These apples have a very unique color .The outer shell is of the deep blackish red or purple color ,very different from any other types of apple. They are much sweeter & flavorful than the rest of the apples .It is a scarce breed ,which belongs to the Huaniu apple species . These apples are only produced in Nyingchi provinces in Tibet .It is believed that this unique color is due to the cultivation in high altitude (3500 m or above ) & ultraviolet ray .This apples are not available in Indian market for its low lifetime . It cost almost $ 7 or 500 rupees per piece .

FRIEND- GIFT FROM GOD

60 Best Friendship Quotes - Cute Short Sayings About Best Friends

Friendship is one of the greatest bonds anyone can ever wish for. Lucky are those who have friends they can trust. Friendship is a devoted relationship between two individuals. They both feel immense care and love for each other. Usually, a friendship is shared by two people who have similar interests and feelings.

Friendship is important in life because it teaches us a great deal about life. We learn so many lessons from friendship which we won’t find anywhere else. You learn to love someone other than your family. You know how to be yourself in front of friends.

You meet many along the way of life but only some stay with you forever. Those are your real friends who stay by your side through thick and thin. Friendship is the most beautiful gift you can present to anyone. It is one which stays with a person forever.

Are you supported? Friendship and passing 27,000 hits! | True friends  quotes, Friends quotes, True friends

A person is acquainted with many persons in their life. However, the closest ones become our friends. You may have a large friend circle in school or college, but you know you can only count on one or two people with whom you share true friendship.

There are essentially two types of friends, one is good friends the other are true friends or best friends. They’re the ones with whom we have a special bond of love and affection. In other words, having a true friend makes our lives easier and full of happiness.

Most importantly, true friendship stands for a relationship free of any judgments. In a true friendship, a person can be themselves completely without the fear of being judged. It makes you feel loved and accepted. This kind of freedom is what every human strives to have in their lives.

In short, true friendship is what gives us reason to stay strong in life. Having a loving family and all is okay but you also need true friendship to be completely happy. Some people don’t even have families but they have friends who’re like their family only. Thus, we see having true friends means a lot to everyone.

Friendship never leaves us in bad times. You learn how to understand people and trust others. Your real friends will always motivate you and cheer for you. They will take you on the right path and save you from any evil.

Similarly, friendship also teaches you a lot about loyalty. It helps us to become loyal and get loyalty in return. There is no greater feeling in the world than having a friend who is loyal to you.

Moreover, friendship makes us stronger. It tests us and helps us grow. For instance, we see how we fight with our friends yet come back together after setting aside our differences. This is what makes us strong and teaches us patience.

17+ Friendship Quotes In English With Images

Therefore, there is no doubt that best friends help us in our difficulties and bad times of life. They always try to save us in our dangers as well as offer timely advice. True friends are like the best assets of our life because they share our sorrow, sooth our pain and make us feel happy.

A person acquainted with diverse people in their life, they might be a part of a vast friend circle, but they would depend on just one or maximum two people whom they trust to their personal space and emotions. That bond created with those special people is true friendship. There are two basic types of friendships one develops- good friends and best friends. An authentic and special bond friendship grows with the true or best friend who makes life easier and happier.

Friendship holds significant stature in life as it teaches unforgettable life lessons. Some valuable lessons that will change your life, how to love others apart from family, how to behave in front of people or friends. Friendships never create bad times; instead, give one the best memories to live upon. Friendships teach you to understand and trust people. Real friends will constantly motivate and cheer; sometimes, they will even direct you the paths and save you. However, one should know how to differentiate between toxic and beneficial friendships.

Similarly, friendship teaches the importance of loyalty and reliability. There is no greater feeling in the world than a loyal, trustworthy friend by your side. However, friendship isn’t a one-way path, to experience loyalty and trust; one needs to return the mutual feelings to complete the circle of friendship. Moreover, friendships build a strong relationship bond and aids to grow. For instance, despite fights and arguments, friends set the differences aside and come back together. This teaches patience and develops a strong bond.

Therefore, friendships are real-life connections. Real friends help each other during tough times and the difficult phases of life. They are only life-savers during a rough period, but also the best timely-advisers. True friends are the most assets of life who share the space of sorrow, happiness, and pain. They are the filler breaks of the monotonous life.

 A good friendship needs communication. Good friends share each problem, difficulties, and sort out differences. They can help to mold the character, and one needs to be careful while befriending someone. That’s why friendships are a special gift from God.

“A good friend is like a four-leaf clover; hard to find and lucky to have.”

ETHOS OF VEDANTA IN MANAGEMENT

Ethos of Vedanta are based on supreme truth & supreme soul. If you do good to someone , you will get good . If you are good , the whole world is good to you . Management ethics is the ethical treatment of employees, stockholders, owners and the public by a company. A company, while needing to make a profit, should have good ethics. Employees should be treated well, whether they are employed here or overseas. By being respectful of the environment in the community a compound ethics, and good, honest records also show respect to stockholders and owners. Most of us would agree that it is ethics in practice that makes sense; just having it carefully drafted and redrafted in books may not serve the purpose. Of course all of us want businesses to be fair, clean and beneficial to the society. For that to happen, organizations need to abide by ethics or rule of law, engage themselves in fair practices and competition; all of which will benefit the consumer, the society and organization.

When ethics are used in management , organization grow at a different level .

In these days of globalization, Vedanta-based values will surely have to make a sympathetic assessment of values of those brought up according to Islamic or Christian faith. However desirable it may be to universalize the teachings culled from the Vedanta philosophy, ultimately one will have to find in that same school the lessons of co-existence with alien cultures and roots.

Ethics are about making choices that may not always feel good or seem like they benefit you but are the ‘right’ choices to make. They are the choices that are examples of ‘model citizen’ and are the examples of ‘golden rules’ like; don’t hurt, don’t steal, don’t be dishonest, don’t lie. But if we take Ethics as a subjective philosophy then what will happen to these golden rules. Especially at the time of facing any ethical dilemma how one should decide-what is ethical and what’s unethical? Organization provides rules, regulations, code of conduct, protocols which provide guidelines to work, it shows how to walk, but it does not show the correct path to walk on. Ethical dilemmas faced by managers are often more real to life and highly complex with no clear guidelines, whether in law or often in religion. Ethics gives us a message to always look forward , which gives a message to look at a long go . Ethics teaches a management the most important thing that is forward looking approach . With this forward looking approach , it teaches to be always true to the organization .

Some of the principles of Indian ethos are :

  1. Know who you are & what is your purpose of existence , this concept is used in management because a management’s main motive is to know what who they have to manage & what they have to deal through
  2. Holistic approach : We should behave with others in the manner which we expect from them . Effectiveness & efficiency of an organization increases when the employees are highly motivated.
  3. Service motive : A person should have service motive & at the same time should have a smiling face while providing that service . An organizations main motive is to provide service to other , & they should not be profit oriented .
  4. Self sacrifice : One should have self sacrifice attitude , means sacrificing self ego , & should always be helpful to others

Be Safe With Your Dinnerware

Are you staring at your plate right now with suspicious eyes? If so, then relax and take off that crease from your forehead. If you are worried about lead being present in your dishes, then we are here for you. Here all your doubts about how to test dinnerware for lead will be addressed and you don’t have to worry.

Safety is the first thing anyone wants while buying any product. You wouldn’t have thought about searching for lead in your dinnerware. Did you? Dinnerware is the most regularly used item in our homes, but to find that unsafe for us is disappointing. And also you shouldn’t be even asking this question. Think about it, you bought a nice dinner set from a respectable company, but here you are getting suspicious? Don’t worry any further. We will clear all your suspicions. Come on, let’s have a look at how to test your dinnerware for lead?

Why is Lead unsafe?

Lead is a harmful toxin that if ingested, may cause serious damage to the body systems. Children and pregnant women stay at a higher risk of health issues from the toxic effects of lead. You may have heard of lead poisoning too. It is very real and lethal.

Lead does not leave your body after entering. It accumulates there and due to this, even small amounts are harmful to health. You need to remove lead from your dinnerware so that you can eat your food safely.

Why is Lead Used in Dinnerware?

Lead is used in dinnerware for glazes and bright colors. It is basically used to beautify the dishes. The glazes that make the dishes shine like glass, the bright red color designs, these all are lead. It seems nice but it’s lethal. Lead also provides strength to the dishes and prevents them from moisture.

How Does Lead Enter Our Body?

There are many ways in which lead can enter our bodies. Let us point them out for you.

  1. If hot food is served on plates with glaze, the heat tends to extract the traces of chemicals from the surface and enter the food.
  • If you heat your food in the microwave, it can get lead into it. So don’t heat too many times.
  • Serving too much acidic food on a plate can also cause lead to enter the food. Acids tend to fast forward the process.

What Type of Dishes Contain Lead?

Dishes come in many varieties, so it can be hard to figure out the safest one. But we have something for you that can help. Now try to avoid the following things when looking for dishes:

  1. Antique dishes that may be passed down in your family from generations.
  • Heavily designed dishes, especially with bright colors like red, yellow, or orange.
  • Used dinnerware found in thrift stores or second-hand dishes you bought at a lower price.
  • Terra cotta dishes which are heavily glazed
  • Handmade dishes or pots.
  • Any dish with corroded glaze, or old dishes with worn-out designs.
  • Dishes with designs made above the glazed surface.

How to Test For Lead in Dishes?

You didn’t think you can check for the lead with plain sight, did you? No, you can’t. But there are some ways to test dishes for lead. One of them is to avoid the above mentioned types of dishes. Another useful way is by testing the dinnerware by home kit for testing lead in dinnerware.

Home Kit for testing lead in dinnerware is mainly useful for high content lead testing. It does not detect if there are only small amounts of lead in the dishes.

Another way is to send the dishes to a laboratory. But this may be a bit of absurd advice considering everyone doesn’t have access to labs and it is a bit expensive as well.

Method to Test For Lead With Home Kit

  1. Buy the chemically tested swabs, which are not very expensive.
  • Clean your dish with the swab.
  • If your dish contains lead, the lead detector on the swab with turn bright red indicating the presence of lead in your dish.
  • Or use a small chipped section of the glaze from the dish.
  • Peel a small part of the glaze and test it with the swab for more accuracy.

This method doesn’t tell you the exact amount of lead present in the dish. It is not much use but is fine for testing at home.

Method For Testing Lead in Laboratories

  1. Laboratories use X-ray systems to test for lead in dishes.
  • This method tells the accurate amount of lead present in the dish by using some electron reactions (which you don’t need to know about).

There are many ways to test for lead in laboratories. But some of them might damage the dish in the process. So this method is not feasible.

How to Reduce Exposure to Lead From Dishes?

The following points might be of some help:

  1. Stop using antique dishes
  • Don’t heat food in contaminated dishes
  • Don’t use highly glazed dishes for regular use
  • Stop storing food in contaminated dishes for a long time
  • Don’t wash the dishes containing lead in the dishwasher
  • Don’t serve acidic food on dishes containing lead. It speeds up the process.

Safest Lead Free Dinnerware

Choosing lead-free dinnerware for your safety is not that hard as it sounds. Just keep some points in mind next time while shopping for dishes.

  1. Choose the dishes with minimum designs
  2. Dishes with less glaze will be safe
  3. Plain white plates or dishes is definitely a winner
  4. Try to find less bright colored dishes
  5. We recommend more glass dishes. With them, you can be sure they are lead-free.
  6. If you are an appreciator for old, vintage dishes, you may want to restrict to the plain white ones.
  7. Melamine is considered to be the safest as it is more plastic than a glazed surface.

Now you are just a step away from buying lead-free dinnerware. Step out, go to that store, keep these few points in mind and find the perfect dinner set for you. And we hope now you know how to test for lead in dinnerware.

Dinnerware Patterns

Planning on throwing a big dinner party? Or just having some guests over for the night? Either way, we know what you are looking for. Are you looking for something innovative to do to impress your friends? We got you.

A big party means you need to take out your stock of dinner sets you have hidden in that cabinet. Yes, you read it right. Go on, take them out and think about how to decorate the dining table for the night. Maybe we can help you there. We will show you how to mix and match dinnerware for your party. But what else are you thinking? Flowers? Accessories for the table? Fancy table mats? Or candles maybe? That is nice but what about your precious dinnerware waiting to be showcased. Come on, let’s see what you need to do.

Why Mix and Match?

If you want to throw a big party., you will need a good amount of the same dinner sets. About 20 to 30 plates of the same design with the spoons and bowls too will be needed. No one is that stupid to buy these many dishes of the same design. So what you want is to mix and match your dinner sets to make your table look presentable and great.

How to Mix and Match Dinnerware?

It depends on how you want your table to look. Do you want a bright cheery mood? Or do you prefer a more classic look? Whatever you want, we are here to help you.

Either you decide to order takeout or cook your best dish, it’s always nice to make your table presentable. It sets the right mood for the dinner party. Let us find out how you can make the table a feast for your eyes.

  • Start with deciding a color scheme – The most important thing to keep in mind while setting the table is to devise a color scheme. The base color for the dinner sets. We recommend it to be a plain color. You can take it as bright red large plates with plain white side plates and add some golden metal spoons and forks. Or you can go with a dull color like brown or maybe royal blue with a contrast of silver would be nice.
  • Consider the mood of the gathering – You want to set the mood right for the party. Decide whether you want a formal gathering or a fun friends’ night out. For a formal dinner, you might want to seem classy then put some flowers and candles on the table.
  • Include different items – Your table will look good if it has some different fun items. They may be stemmed glasses for drinks or big fancy soup bowls. Adding napkins going with the color scheme might be a good addition. Set different sizes of spoons for starters and meals.
  • Metals shine bright – Metals make a good addition to the table. They add a bit of sparkle to the setting. There are no restrictions if you want to add some silver, gold, or bronze spoons and forks. They add to the charm of your dining table.
  • Add shapes and textures – Setting your table with different shapes of dishes would be nice and fun. Add two different shapes of glasses for drinks and water. Be bold and imaginative when adding patterns to the set. If a color doesn’t suit your mood then maybe go for more textured plates and dishes. Consider a floral pattern of plates with plain side plates which go with golden spoons.
  • A sense of nature – Bring in some natural materials and add one bright color like blue with classic white plates. Spice it up by giving it a traditional and classy look. Add some flowers too in the vase.
  • Consistency is the key – You need to be consistent. Whatever you selected at the starting, keep it up till the end. Whatever color or pattern you want make it consistent for every seat. Whether it is the color scheme, the flowers, table mats, or the water glasses, try to keep all the items consistent throughout the table. Even if your table is mismatched but is consistent, it will definitely look perfect.
  • Crisp and colorful – You want it to be a cheerful picnic dinner then you can go with solid colors lining your table. Mix it with a contrasting color to make it look colorful and complete. Maybe add some small pattern with the side plates or the glasses.

Some Other Things to Keep in Mind

There are some other different things to keep in mind while setting your table for the big night. We told you all about what to do, now let’s come to what not to do. Some tips for you not to do are mentioned below:

  1. Do not exaggerate the number of items on the table. Keep them less but enough for using easily.
  2. Do not go too bold with the color scheme. You don’t want a simple dinner party to look like a royal dinner, do you?
  3. Try to add patterns but not many. Stick to only one or two patterns.
  4. You can set each seat with different settings but try to keep the color scheme the same throughout the table to ensure consistency.
  5. If you plan on keeping flowers and candles on the table, keep them at a distance from each other. Keep only two vases and three candles for a small table. For a much longer table, keep four vases with five or six candles only.
  6. Keep your focus on decorating the table with your dinnerware and not just the other accessories. Bear in mind to keep the dinner sets the main attraction of the table.

Go ahead enjoy your party now. We told you everything you need to know to host an amazing dinner. Hope you got your answer on how to mix and match dinnerware. Set your table with your creativity and sense of design and woo your guests with beauty on the table. Don’t forget to invite us!

WHAT IS A NOVEL

The novel owes its existence to man’s interest in other men and the great panorama of human passion and action. Both the drama and the novel are compounded of the same material but in drama and the literary element is bound up with the elements of stage settings and interpretations through acting. So, Marion Crawford terms the novel as “Pocket theatre”. The novel may be defined as long narrative prose detailing the actions of fictitious people. Meredith calls it a ‘summing of actual life’. The novel combines narration and description, history and philosophy, poetry and fantasy, social criticism, and a particular view of life.

Elements of the Novel:

The novel has various elements.

  1. In the first place, it should have a plot. The novel deals with elements and actions and how these are presented is the plot.
  2. Secondly, the men and women who are involved in these elements and actions appear as characters in the novel.
  3. The third element is the dialogue the mean of interaction among the characters.
  4. The fourth element is the scene and the time of action because the characters must interact, do or suffer at some place or time.
  5. The fifth element is the style in which the narration is done.
  6. The Sixth Element is the view of life presented by the novelist.

The Plot:

The plot in a novel is the organization of incidents. The theme should have substantial value and human interest. It is primarily concerned with the things which make life strenuous, intense, and morally significant.

There are two types of plots – organic and episodic. In the first, the characters and events are well interwoven that no character or incident can be removed from the novel without causing damages to the whole. The plot and Jane Austen novels are examples. The second type of plot is loosely formed and characters and incidents have no essential bearing on each other. The picaresque novels of Fielding and even some of the novels of Dickens have episodic plots. How the various elements in the plot or organized to achieve a definite artistic purpose is called the structure. Unity in structure and plot is to be observed.

The Characterization:

Characterization is the act of presenting the characters alive and real to our imagination. The men and women in the novel must move through it like living beings they should remain in the readers’ memory after the novel is laid aside. There are two types of characterization – the direct or the analytic and the indirect or dramatic. In the analytical method, the novelist portrays his Characters from outside, dissects their passion, thoughts, and feelings, and even passes judgment upon them.

The Dialogue:

Dialogue is well managed, gives vividness, and actually to the plot and the characters. Dialogue reveals the passion and the emotion of the character and advises the movement of the plot. Dialogue should Constitute an organic element in the story. It should be natural, appropriate, and dramatic. It should be in keeping with the personality of the speaker.

The Time and Place of Action:

Time and place of action in a novel refer to the whole setting of the story, both social and material. They are novels of sea life, military life, industrial life of district life, and life of different classes of people. There are novels with a regional background; there are novels written in the historical background. whatever may be the setting, the novelist should master its details and then present a lively picture of it.

The novel is concerned with life and so the novelist’s view of life may be revealed in the novel. A novelist may make creative observations on human life. By the selection and organization of the material, and by the presentation of character and development of the plot, the novelist can show us what he thinks of life. However, the novelist should not indulge in propaganda or preaching. His philosophy is a part of the structure of the novel and should reveal itself through the interpretation of life, thought, character, and temper of the work as a whole.

The chief characteristics of Shakespearean novels

Must read two books by Paulo Coelho-2