A GD is a methodology used by an organization to gauge whether the candidate has certain personality traits and/or skills that it desires in its members. In this methodology, the group of candidates is given a topic or a situation, given a few minutes to think about the same, and then asked to discuss the it among themselves for 15-20 minutes.
Why GDs :
The reason why institutes put you through a Group discussion and an interview, after testing your technical and conceptual skills in an exam, is to get to know you as a person and gauge how well you will fit in their institute. The Group discussion tests how you function as a part of a team. As a manager, you will always be working in teams, as a member or as a leader. Therefore how you interact in a team becomes an important criterion for your selection. Managers have to work in a team and get best results out of teamwork. That is the reason why management institutes include GD as a component of the selection procedure.
Company’s Perspective :
Companies conduct group discussion after the written test so as to check on your interactive skills and how good you are at communicating with other people. The GD is to check how you behave, participate and contribute in a group, how much importance do you give to the group objective as well as your own, how well do you listen to viewpoints of others and how open-minded are you in accepting views contrary to your own. The aspects which make up a GD are verbal communication, non-verbal behavior, conformation to norms, decision-making ability and cooperation. You should try to be as true as possible to these aspects.
Reasons for having a GD
It helps you to understand a subject more deeply.
It improves your ability to think critically.
It helps in solving a particular problem.
It helps the group to make a particular decision.
It gives you the chance to hear other students’ ideas.
It improves your listening skills.
It increases your confidence in speaking.
It can change your attitudes.
Strategies for Improving GD Skills
Observe : Attend as many seminars and tutorials as possible and notice what other students do. Ask yourself:
How do other students make critical comments?
How do they ask questions?
How do they disagree with or support arguments?
What special phrases do they use to show politeness even when they are voicing disagreement?
How do they signal to interrupt, ask a question or make a point?
2. Practice : Start practicing your discussion skills in an informal setting or with a small group. Start with asking questions of fellow students. Ask them about the course material. Ask for their opinions. Ask for information or ask for help.
3. Participate : Take every opportunity to take part in social/informal discussions as well as more structured/formal discussion. Start by making small contributions to tutorial discussions; prepare a question to ask, or agree with another speaker’s remarks.
Do’s
Speak pleasantly and politely to the group.
Respect the contribution of every speaker.
Remember that a discussion is not an argument. Learn to disagree politely.
Think about your contribution before you speak. How best can you answer the question/ contribute to the topic?
Try to stick to the discussion topic. Don’t introduce irrelevant information.
Be aware of your body language when you are speaking.
Agree with and acknowledge what you find interesting.
Don’t
Shout. Use a moderate tone and medium pitch.
Lose your temper. A discussion is not an argument.
Use too many gestures when you speak. Gestures like finger pointing and table thumping can appear aggressive.
Dominate the discussion. Confident speakers should allow quieter students a chance to contribute.
Draw too much on personal experience or anecdote. Although some tutors encourage students to reflect on their own experience, remember not to generalise too much.
Winston Smith is a low-ranking member of the party. In his country Oceania, everything was controlled by the head of the party who is known as “Big Brother”. There will be cameras fixed everywhere like public places, apartments and even in our own houses including our bedrooms. We will be watching 24×7. The party controlled and monitored every people of the country, they decided everything of what must people talk, write even they controlled people from thinking about something which will be lead the party down. (Thoughtcrime) they say that and punish the people in secret ways. Sometimes people suddenly vaporize from society due to the crimes they commit. These all things made Winston depressed and he wanted to rebel against the party with his lover Julia. They both wanted to rebel against the current party that is ruling the country Oceania. How did they start their plan? With whom did they join to abolish the party? Who helped them? Who was against their ideas? And did they uprooted the party? Are questions will occupy our minds until the end of the book.
About the book:
This book is completely a dystopian novel by George Orwell who is famous for his dystopian and unique novels. Through this book, Orwell beautifully illustrated how it must be to be in the future. This book was written in 1948 itself. And also adapted as a movie. If you don’t have time to read this full novel you can watch it virtually. If you think “this plot reminds me of your school history subject” I say No… it’s beyond history. Orwell made a timeless satirical attack on the social and political structures of the world. People in a higher position will create rules and make us obey them. If we don’t, They will give us what we need most and convince us to obey them. Or They will give pain or fear and persuade us to obey them. Even though it’s a classic novel. The words are not that difficult. so, if you hate classic books due to their language. You can try this one. You don’t find it hard to follow it. Why you must read this book? George Orwell is a genius. Who is loot us from our reality? And left us alone in the place which is created by him. That is none other than his works. So, if you want to escape reality and get yourself into some unbearable works. You must try this one. If you are a classic lover you can read it and would eventually start to love Orwell’s works. If you are a literature student. This book and George Orwell’s “Animal Farm” book will help you with major paper and their background studies.
Quotes from this book:
Who controls the past controls the future.Who controls the present controls the past.
If you want to keep a secret, you must also hide it from yourself.
If you loved someone, you loved him, and when you had nothing else to give, you still gave him love.
Power is in tearing human minds to pieces and putting them together again in new shapes of your choosing.
Nelson Mandela was a South African anti apartheid Revolutionary Statesman.
Nelson Mandela
He served as president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
Nelson Mandela was first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election.
Nelson Mandela is known as Gandhi of South Africa.
Nelson Mandela was born on 18 July 1918.
We died on 5th December 2013.
Nelson Mandela International Day is celebrated on 18 July every year.
Today is 103rd birth anniversary of Nelson Mandela.
Nelson Mandela opposes the racist system of Apartheid in South Africa and dedicated his life to establishing social equality for all.
Nelson Mandela was awarded the prestigious Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
He involved in anti colonial and African Nationalist politics, joining the AMC in 1943 and co-founding its youth league in 1944.
In 1962, He was arrested, imprisoned and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment for conspiring to overthrow the state following the Rivonia trial.
He served 27 years in prison.
Nelson Mandela was also known as Madiba.
Nelson Mandela was birth name Rolihlahla Mandela.
Nelson name was given by his Primary school teacher.
In 1931, he begin his College degree at University College of Fort hare.
Nelson Mandela was expelled for participating in a protest against the universities policies.
Nelson Mandela received his law degree from University of South Africa in 1989.
The king of his village threatened him and his cousin with arrange marriages but they both ran away.
Nelson Mandela along with his fellow AMC member established South Africa’s first black law practice in 1952.
Nelson Mandela was banned from leaving the country
In order to leave the country he used the name David Motsamayi to get out of country in secret.
In prison, he was mentor to to other prisoner and taught them about nonviolent resistance.
Nelson Mandela believed that sports has the power to change the world, it has the power to inspire,. It has the power to unite people in a way that letter else does. It speaks to youth in a language they understand. Sport can create hope where one there was only dispair. It is more powerful than government in Breaking Down racial barriers.
He was released from prison in 1990 by president Frederick William De klerk.
Nelson Mandela was 76 year old when he was elected as president of South Africa.
Theme of national Mandela International Day 2021
The theme of this year is One Hand Can Feed Another.
Last year’s theme was Take Action, Inspire change.
The theme highlighted the importance of Government and citizen working together to build a peaceful equitable and sustainable world for all.
Anne Frank (born June 12, 1929, Frankfurt am Main, Germany—died February/March 1945, Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, near Hannover), Jewish girl whose diary of her family’s two years in hiding during the German occupation of the Netherlands became a war classic.
Anne’s father, Otto Frank (1889–1980), a German businessman, moved his wife and two daughters to Amsterdam early in Adolf Hitler’s Nazi government. After German forces conquered the Netherlands in 1941, Anne was forced to switch from a public to a Jewish school. She was given a red-and-white plaid diary for her 13th birthday on June 12, 1942. She started writing in the book that day.
“I hope I will be able to confide in you about anything, as I have never been able to confide in anybody before, and I hope you will be a wonderful source of comfort and support.”
The Franks went into hiding in the backdoor office and warehouse of Otto Frank’s food-products firm on July 6, 1942, when Anne’s sister, Margot, was facing deportation (allegedly to a forced-labor camp).
The Frank family and four other Jews—Hermann and Auguste van Pels and their son, Peter, and Fritz Pfeffer—were confined to the “hidden annex” with the help of a few non-Jewish friends, including Miep Gies, who brought in food and other supplies. During this period, Anne kept a diary, documenting day-to-day life in hiding, from little irritations to the terror of being discovered.
She talked about usual adolescent concerns as well as her future ambitions, which included becoming a journalist or writer. On August 1, 1944, Anne wrote her final diary entry. The annex was discovered three days later by the Gestapo, who were acting on a tip from Dutch informers.
On September 3, 1944, the Frank family was taken to Westerbork, a transit camp in the Netherlands, and then to Auschwitz, a concentration camp in German-occupied Poland, on the last train to leave Westerbork for Auschwitz. The following month, Anne and Margot were moved to Bergen-Belsen.
Anne’s mother died in early January, only days before Auschwitz was liberated on January 18, 1945. The Dutch government determined that Anne and Margot perished in a typhus outbreak in March 1945, just weeks before Bergen-Belsen was liberated, however experts disclosed new evidence in 2015, including examination of archival data and first-hand reports, showing that the sisters might have perished in February 1945.
When Soviet troops seized Auschwitz on January 27, 1945, they discovered Otto Frank sick there.
The papers left behind by the Gestapo were eventually given to Otto Frank by friends who examined the hiding site after the family was apprehended. He discovered Anne’s diary among them, which was later published as Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl (originally in Dutch, 1947).
It follows her emotional evolution in the face of adversity and is precocious in style and insight. “I still think, despite everything, that humans are truly wonderful at heart,” she wrote. The Holocaust Diary, which has been translated into over 65 languages, is the most widely read Holocaust diary, and Anne Frank is undoubtedly the most well-known Holocaust victim.
The Diary was also adapted into a play, which premiered on Broadway in October 1955 and won the Tony Award for Best Play as well as the Pulitzer Prize for Best Drama in 1956. In 1959, George Stevens directed a film adaptation of the book.
The play was controversial: screenwriter Meyer Levin criticised Otto Frank and his chosen screenwriters, Frances Goodrich and Albert Hackett, for sanitising and de-Judaizing the storey in an early version of the play (later realised as a 35-minute radio play) and accused them of sanitising and de-Judaizing the storey.
The drama was revived (with additions) on Broadway in 1997–98 after being played in high schools all around the world.
The revised English translation of the Diary, published in 1995, includes material that was cut out of the first version, making it nearly one-third longer than the first. The Frank family’s hideaway on Amsterdam’s Prinsengracht canal has since become a museum that is consistently among the city’s most popular tourist attractions.
ANNE FRANK’S QUOTES
“How wonderful it is that nobody need wait a singlemoment before starting to improve the world.”
“I know what I want, I have a goal, an opinion, I have a religion and love. Let me be myself and then I am satisfied. I know that I’m a woman, a woman with inward strength and plenty of courage.”
“Everyone has inside of him a piece of good news. The good news is that you don’t know how great you can be! How much you can love! What you can accomplish! And what your potential is!”
“What is done cannot be undone, but one can prevent it happening again.”
“I don’t think of all the misery but of the beauty that still remains.”
Whether you choose to wear eyeglasses or contact lenses for vision correction mostly depends on personal preferences. Lifestyle, comfort, convenience, budget and aesthetics should all factor comes into your decision-making process.
I can just say what is the pros and cons of each in order to make you analyze things in more systematic manner.
WHY EYEGLASSESS ?
Pros :
Eyeglasses offer many benefits over contact lenses.
They require very little cleaning and maintenance, you don’t need to touch your eyes to wear them .
Glasses are cheaper than contact lenses in the long run since they don’t need to be replaced as often.
They can adjust the amount of light entering your eye for optimum comfort and vision.
Eyeglass lenses block 100% UV and protect not only the inside of the eye from UV, but the exterior of the eye and eyelids as well.
Wearing glasses reduces the need to touch your eyes, which in turn reduces the likelihood of irritating your eyes or developing an eye infection.
If you have dry or sensitive eyes, glasses won’t exacerbate the problem like contact lenses can.
Cons:
Some people don’t like how they look in glasses and feel it detracts from their facial aesthetics or hides their features.
Some frames can exert constant pressure on your nose and behind your ears, leading to headaches and general discomfort.
Your vision can be obstructed or blurred when they fog up in cold weather.
If you have a strong prescription, your glasses might make your eyes appear unnaturally minified or magnified.
EYE GLASSES
WHY LENS ?
Pros:
Contacts conform to the curvature of your eye, providing a wider field of view and causing less vision distortions and obstructions
Contact lenses don’t get in the way when playing sports and exercising.
Contact lenses won’t clash with what you’re wearing.
Contacts typically aren’t affected by weather conditions and won’t fog up in cold weather like glasses.
If you want to see how you would look with a different eye color, you can experiment with color contact lenses.
Some contact lenses can reshape your cornea while you sleep. Overnight orthokeratology (Ortho-k) temporarily corrects myopia, so you can see clearly the next day without the need for glasses or contacts.
Cons:
If you work at a computer often, wearing contact lenses will likely contribute to symptoms of computer vision syndrome.
Contacts require proper lens care and lens case cleaning each day, to avoid potentially serious eye infections.
It doesn’t block UV rays as much as eyeglasses.
If you accidentally fall asleep while wearing daily wear contacts, your eyes typically will be dry, gritty, red and irritated when you wake.
Contact Lenses are costlier as it has to be changed periodically
It doesn’t protect you from wind and dust instead it will make eye irritated.
Nelson Mandela was born on 18 July 1918, at Umtata, Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. He is an iconic figure in today’s world when it comes to fighting for one’s rights as a human being. The son of a Xhosa Chief, Mandela studied law at the University of Witwatersrand, and in 1944 joined the African National Congress (ANC), After the Sharpeville massacre (1960), he was disillusioned to the extent that he gave up his non-violent stance and became one of those who helped found the Spear of the Nation, the ANC’s military wing. Arrested in 1962, he was sentenced to life imprisonment. The South African Court convicted him on charges of sabotage as well as other crimes committed while he led the movement against apartheid.
How is Nelson Mandela International Day celebrated?
Mandela provides service to others and always wants to create a better world for everyone. So, on this day if people find injustice in the neighbourhood, city, or state they do everything to alleviate the problem. Work in soup kitchens, marched with protesters, volunteer in local organisations, and work to help bring about civil liberties for everyone. Inspire change, and make every day a celebration of Mandela Day. People work for others and want to improve the lives of people around them. They will do this by volunteering or taking part in protests.
“After climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb.”
This day provides a global call for people to recognise their ability and have a positive effect on others around them. People also inspire others about the values that Mandela shared like democracy, freedom, diversity, reconciliation, and respect. To promote Nelson Mandela Day, many people and organisations around the world take part in several activities. These activities are volunteering, sport, art, education, music, and culture. This day also celebrates a campaign known as “46664”, in reference to Nelson Mandela’s Robben Island prison number. The campaign was originally launched to raise awareness about HIV/AIDS. In 1995 and 1999 Children’s Fund and the Nelson Mandela Foundation were established.
“I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear.”
His Movements And Struggles:
In accordance with the conviction, Mandela served twenty-seven years in prison. While in jail, Mandela’s reputation grew and he became widely known as the most significant black leader in South Africa. The conditions that he had to go through as a prisoner were appalling. He performed hard labour in a lime quarry. Prisoners were segregated on the basis of race, and the black prisoners received the fewest rations. Political prisoners were kept separate from ordinary criminals and received fewer privileges. Mandela himself describes how as a D-group prisoner, the lowest classification, he was allowed one visitor and one letter every six months. Letters, when they came, were often delayed for long periods and made unreadable by the prison censors. It calls for nerves of steel for a man imprisoned for life to get a degree of Bachelor in Law from the University of London through correspondence.
In February 1985, President PW Botha offered Mandela conditional release in return for renouncing armed struggle. Mandela spurned the offer, releasing a statement through his daughter Zindzi saying, ‘What freedom am I being offered while the organisation of people remains banned? Only free men can negotiate. A prisoner cannot enter into contracts.’
Throughout Mandela’s imprisonment, local and international pressure mounted on the South African Government to release him. In 1989, South Africa reached a crossroads when Botha suffered a stroke and was replaced as President by Frederik Willem de Klerk. De Klerk announced Mandela’s release in February 1990. His release from jail was broadcast live all over the world.
South Africa’s first multi-racial elections, in which full enfranchisement was granted, were held in April 1994. The ANC won 62 per cent of the votes in the election. Mandela became the first black President. As President from May 1994 to June 1999, Mandela presided over the transition from minority rule and apartheid, winning international respect for his advocacy of national and international reconciliation.
It is not surprising that Mahatma Gandhi should have inspired Mandela in his war against apartheid. The most universally respected figure of post-colonial Africa, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 along with De Klerk for their efforts to end apartheid and bring about the transition to non-racial democracy. Mandela remains an inspiring figure for any man in any corner of the world who becomes conscious of his rights and is willing to fight for the same.
A Business refers to a set of organised activities for production and exchange of goods and services, with an objective to earn profits.
It includes several services to complete the process for managing business enterprise.
There are certain important services that are rendered outside the business to enable the enterprise perform its primary functions smoothly.
These services include financial services , advertising services , customer support services , etc.
Services done through specialised agencies outside the business enterprise are known as outsourcing of services .
This practice is called Business Process Outsourcing (BPO ) .
Outsourcing means getting an external source service rather than an internal source of the enterprise.
Hence , instead of setting up it’s own department business enterprise outsource it from other external specialised agencies.
A business enterprise prefers to outsource those services that are specialised in nature and performed on a regular basis. These services include accounting data processing, content development , customer care , customer contact , legal services , repair work , advertising services, fittings , employment of employees , training of employees, payroll accounting,etc.
The outside company, the service provider or a third-party provider, arranges for its own system of labour and technical activities to perform the tasks or services by the hired company .
In today’s competitive environment ,the main focus is to concentrate on core specialization and core – competency areas and outsource the rest activities.
The main intention of outsourcing service is that the business enterprise can concentrate on its core areas of competence and leave the additional work to be outsourced . Outsourcing of services is preferred for better quality and economy .As a result a business enterprise can focus its core task through the front office and leave the rest work meant for the outsourcing.
Business enterprises often outsource as a way to lower costs, improve efficiencies and gain speed . The benefit underlying this service is that because the third-party provider focuses on that particular task, it is able to do it better, faster and cheaper than the hiring company could.
Given such benefits, companies often decide to outsource supporting functions within their businesses so they can focus their resources more specifically on their core competencies, thereby helping them gain competitive advantages in the market. ___________________________________________
Concept of BPO and KPO
Business Process Outsourcing (BPO ) :-
BPO involves contacting external agencies for performing specific business functions .
Services like call centre jobs meant for customers , contact and payroll preparation , accounting services , courier services , advertising services , customer related services , etc. are some BPO jobs .
BPO job is often divided into two categories
• Bank office outsourcing which includes internal business functions such as billing , purchasing etc.
• Front office Outsourcing which includes customer related services such as marketing , technical support etc.
Broadly there are a few different types of BPO based on the distance between the two members of the relationship. These types are:
On – shoring :- . Relocating work or services to lower-cost locations in the company’s own country.
Off-shoring:- Relocating work or services to third-party providers overseas.
Near-shoring:- . Relocating work or services to people in nearby, often bordering regions and countries
BPO helps the company to focus on its core competencies without being burdened with routine activities. It helps in increasing the speed of various business processes and allows business enterprises to retain their entrepreneurial speed and agility .
Knowledge Process Outsourcing ( KPO ) :-
KPO stands for knowledge process outsourcing. Outsourcing of knowledge results in the emergence of a new business activity known as KPO .
Knowledge process is a high value added process that depends on the skills , knowledge and experience of the people carrying out various activities .
KPO calls for application of highly specialised knowledge .
India still maintains the competitive advantage for providing the most cost – effective and high quantity manpower . KPO derives its strength from the depth of knowledge , experience and judgement factor.
The scope of KPO is vast and it covers information technology (IT) enabled services ,legal processes , intellectual property patent related services , engineering services , web development application , CAD / CAM applications , business research analytics ,legal research , clinical research , publishing market research, etc .
Advantagesof Outsourcing :-
• Getting good quality services :- A business enterprise cannot be expected to have specialization in all activities . As a result , the need for outsourcing services is generally necessary. Expert advice from outside agencies facilitates success of the business.
• Concentrating on core activities :- Outsourcing ensures overall better performance of the business enterprise as it can concentrate on core activities of its strength and competence . This has a positive effect on the quantity of service.
• Avoiding Labour Trouble :- Outsourcing reduces the employee related problems as the agencies include their own staff which are not included as enterprise staff .
• Cost effective Services :- Sometimes , it is economical to outsource some services instead of maintaining a separate department for it which may cost more than expected budget and leads to increase in cost production.
• Avoiding Fixed Investment :- Instead of investing for a separate department a business enterprise gets service from outsourcing . This results in investment savings which can be used for profiting business .
Hence , outsourcing has been viewed as a way to lower costs and gain efficiencies, it is increasingly becoming a strategic tool for companies.
___________________________________________
Disadvantages of Outsourcing .
There are certain Disadvantages that come along with outsourcing .
Disadvantages such as ,
• Outsourcing Supplier No Longer Able To Supply the service to the Business enterprise which can cause emergency problems .
•. Confidentiality Risk that a business enterprise takes when it selects the option of Outsourcing .
• By giving away a function of business to an outsource the enterprise gains the advantage of having an expert for the service but loses control over that particular function .
• The service may Be more costly than actually expected causing an increase in cost of production.
• Maintaining and securing a trusted relationship is essential in outsourcing efforts and is more complex than establishing service levels and relationships.
Despite disadvantages , outsourcing is opted by my many business enterprises .
The disadvantages or problems could be avoided by having a trusteeship outsourcing contract and by examining service level agreements, timeframes , rewards, and regular review strategies .
What is communication? What do you understand by communication skills? Why it is important to have a communication?
Imagine your life with being able to communicate your thoughts. You will feel frustrated because, in that situation you won’t be able to convey your thoughts, share your idea and express your emotions.
Just saying something is not enough. Unless what you have said has made an impact, there has been no successful communication.
Excellent communication skills are important and will take you far in life. From your professional ambitions, to your personal goals, communication skills play an important role in each. Therefore, its importance cannot be stressed enough. However, there are many people who struggle with communication. There could be many reasons behind it. But one need not worry as communication skills can be worked upon.
Being able to communicate effectively is one of the most important life skills to learn. Communication is defined as transferring information to produce greater understanding. It can be done vocally, through written media, visually or non-verbally. All of these means of communication are essential Soft Skills that are vital for a successful Career.
Communication plays a vital role in human life. It helps facilitate the exchange of information and knowledge, and develop relationships with others. Therefore, the importance of communication skills in our day-to-day life cannot be underestimated.
Communication skills are the abilities you use when giving and receiving different types of information.
Communication skills can be defined as the skills used in practical life, whereby a person conveys ideas, concepts, or information to others. Another person, in turn, responds to that message according to his understanding of it.
Communication skills play a major role in promoting the individual, whether when applying for a job, qualifying for a specific program that depends on competition between him and others, entering one of the elections, proposing to a girl, or sending a meaningful message, etc.
Having strong communication skills aids in all aspects of life – from professional life to personal life and everything that falls in between. From a business standpoint, all transactions result from communication. Good communication skills are essential to allow others and yourself to understand information more accurately and quickly.
In contrast, poor communication skills lead to frequent misunderstanding and frustration. In a 2016 LinkedIn survey conducted in the United States, communication topped the list of the most sought-after soft skills among employers.
Communication skills have become one of the basic requirements for personal and institutional development.
Well-developed communication skills are essential for a child’s academic success and successful future career. At all levels of education, students should be able to communicate effectively.
Communication skills are an essential leadership function and a major characteristic of a good leader.
Communication skills and effective leadership styles are closely intertwined. Lack of communication skills can make team members uncomfortable and unenthusiastic about their work while good communication skills help a team work together to achieve the desired goals.
Communication skills are also very important in business. They can help foster a good working relationship between you and your employees, which in turn can improve morale and efficiency.
Communication skills help you develop meaningful relationships with subordinates, change their attitudes, raise their spirits, and seek their cooperation.
In today’s fast changing and developing world, technology has taken over. Technology has dominated the world in many aspects. One such sector is the payment sector. The world is leaning towards the method of online payment. The drift towards it has been increasing rapidly with time. Now focusing on this area of online payments, we have an excellent system. It is Visa Provisioning.
Visa Provisioning is the system of online payment on a mobile phone. It helps in effortlessly downloading the payment account details on your mobile phone. This service is mainly convenient for mobile operating systems along with some other systems. Visa Provisioning is a service based on a technology called NFC. NFC stands for Near Field Communication. Come on, let’s have a look at this.
What is NFC?
NFC is wireless communication technology. It allows the users to exchange data between two devices in a short-range. It is considered to be expanding at a great pace for a newly launched technology. In some ways, it is better than Bluetooth too.
Features of Visa Provisioning
Visa Provisioning works only with the NFC technology installed on mobile phones. This is the reason why it doesn’t work on some of the new mobile systems.
It is known to be efficient for both Visa and Non-Visa transactions.
It does an excellent job in transit applications as well.
Payments can be effectively completed by this system over a distance too.
Working of Visa Provisioning
It can not be stressed enough that this only works with the NFC technology. Now let’s find out how this amazing system works. You just need to follow these simple steps and you are good to go.
Firstly you have to activate the mobile payment system on your mobile.
Now, just enter the correct password in order to proceed with the payment process. Make sure you don’t enter the wrong password because it will lead to the cancellation of the payment.
Once you authenticate, the NFC technology will begin its work. It will exchange some payment account details and some credentials keys among its network.
After completion of this process, you can download the details on your phone easily.
Visa Provisioning is a very beneficial system for online payments. Below are some benefits of the same. Let’s have a look.
Smooth payment options – Contact less payments are done using NFC. Visa Provisioning system eases the process for the customers and as well as for the bankers and the transit operators.
Easy connectivity – This has great connectivity and can be used anywhere, anytime. The Visa Provisioning system has made this easy for all.
Advanced payments – Advanced mobile payments are being carried out by this system for years now. It has evolved and grew around the world. By this you can also link your mobile phone with you Visa account.
User friendly – This is a very user friendly network. It is easy to use. It provides quick payment options. It can also operate from a distance.
Secured network – Yes, Visa provisioning is a safe and secured way of mobile payments. It only requires an e-mail address for registration. This type of facility provides you the advantage of carrying out your payments in a much more easy and effective way. It also features many security measures like PIN authentication and stores all your data safely in a third party service provider.
How does Visa Provisioning Service Differ from Other Types of Mobile Payment Methods ?
Other mobile payment services also use the near field communication (NFC). Visa Provisioning services can be used for any type of cards whereas other methods are confined to their company.
The bank issuing your card can choose to allow Visa Provisioning service for your payment account as long as they meet the requirements. This will also allow their customers to take advantage of the card less payment options just by using mobile.
Another advantage of the Visa Provisioning Services is that they are instant transactions without needing any information.
The Future for Mobile Payments
As we all know, the future of the world lies in technology advancements over the coming years. Online and card less payments are just another addition to the perks of living in an advanced world. It makes the payments easier and safer as compared to the old methods.
The future of cash less payment methods is expected to grow continuously. Major online payment companies like PayPal and Apple Wallet are beginning to make a place for themselves in the market. It is due to their convenience factor and user friendly environment.
The Visa Provisioning Service only requires a single tap on your mobile screen and your money will be transferred or transacted in no time. The NFC technology ensures the safety of your personal details as well as takes care of the whole process of online payment.
How Does Visa Provisioning Service Work with Mobile Payments ?
Mobile payments are apparently considered different from the contact less payments. Contact less payments require both the card and the terminal to support this capability. They are referred to as NFC payments.
Mobile payments require that the device should be connected to Blue Tooth or Near Field Communication Technology so that the transactions can be made without having to swipe the card.
Using NFC technology creates an authorization for payments. You just have to tap on the eligible device name shown on their screen, for the transactions. It can be a store or any other appropriate location. You can use your fingerprint or your PIN number to complete the process of online payment.
How to Maintain Visa Provisioning Services ?
To maintain the Visa Provisioning Service, you need to visit your Visa account by either downloading the Visa Token Service or linking it with your mobile number for receiving a code. Then you can easily maintain your account.
For organizations, they have their own different processes for maintain the Visa Provisioning Services for their consumers.
It is a third party payment method so additional fees may be required.
Have to give up your privacy of the Visa account.
Transactions may be declined in case of insufficient funds or incorrect account details.
There is a higher risk of identity theft.
There may be cases of credit card frauds.
Unauthorized purchases can also be done by this method.
Some Companies that use Visa Provisioning Services
Amazon
Starbucks
Google (Google Pay)
Netflix
Samsung
Sony PlayStation Store
Apple
Dell Financial Services
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is Visa Provisioning Service important ?
Visa Provisioning Services is important because it links your credit card to your mobile for easy online payments. It ensures safe transaction successfully.
How can you deactivate Visa Provisioning Services ?
To deactivate Visa Provisioning from your device, follow these steps :
Go to your mobile settings.
Tap on the ‘apps’ or ‘applications’ option.
Select Visa Provisioning Service from the list of your apps.
Click on the ‘uninstall’ button to deactivate your Visa Provisioning Service account.
What is Visa Provisioning Service 0$ ?
Zero dollar charge is a one time payment that requires validation of your mobile phone number and your address for a Visa card.
Where are Visa Provisioning Services currently available ?
It is currently available in the United States. It is not currently operating internationally. But other NFC transaction methods are in use over the world.
Socratea exorrhiza is a palm native to rainforests in tropical Central and South America. This plant is nicknamed as the walking palm.
The tree supposedly “walks” from shade to sunlight by growing roots in the direction it wants to travel and then allowing the old roots to lift into the air and die.
Some say the process takes a couple of years while one paleo biologist suggests the tree moves two or three centimeters per day.
In a journal of The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation Dr. Bodley reported that the palm uses its roots to “walk away” from its germination point if another tree falls on the seedling and knocks it over.
This way, the tree can move away from obstacles that are major hazards for immature palms.
The walking palm remains a strange “miracle” from nature !
General knowledge is very important in everyone’s life. The person without the knowledge is like the bird without the wings. It is very important to know what is happening across the world. So, it is very important to attain the general knowledge. To grab general knowlede, an individual must follow some of the techniques like reading books, articles, magazines, newspapers etc.
The newspaper consists of all the important things like the business purposes, sports, entertainment, some interesting puzzles, Hindi habits, food recipes, Current affairs etc.
Reading newspaper is an important thing because whenever an individual comes across a motivational thing, he or she will be motivated and focuses on the particular aspect. The individual will get to know the current affairs. The person will get a good grip on the general knowledge. solving puzzles improves the skills of the person. Reading about the healthy habits in the newspaper makes the individual to go for good and healthier meals.
Reading newspaper is very important because gives the chance to know what is happening around us. Early in the morning or evening whatever the time maybe, sparing at least 10 to 15 minutes of time on newspaper is a very good habit that an individual can develop.
The newspaper consists of all the important things like the business purposes, sports, entertainment, some interesting puzzles, Hindi habits, food recipes, Current affairs etc.
In one of the other way the individual develops good habits and focuses more on what they are trying to do.
Individual Differences :
Intelligence :
High scores on tests of general knowledge tend to also score highly on intelligence tests. IQ has been found to robustly predict general knowledge scores even after accounting for difference in age, and five factor model personality tarits. However, many general knowledge tests are designed to create a normal distribution of answers, creating a bell shaped curve.
General knowledge is also moderately associated with verbal ability, though only weakly or not at all with numerical and spatial ability. As with crystallized intelligence, general knowledge has been found to increase with age.
Long term semantic memory :
General knowledge is stored as semantic memory. Most semantic memory is preserved through old age, though there are deficts in retrieval of certain specific words correlated with aging. In addition, stress or various emotional levels can negatively affect semantic nemory retrieval.
Personality :
People high in general knowledge tend to highly open to new experiences and in typical intellectual engagement. The relationship between openness to experieñce and general knowledge remains robust even when IQ is taken into account. People high in openness may be more motivated to engage in intellectual pursuits that increase their knowledge. Relationships between general knowledge and other five factor model traits tend to be weak and inconsistent. Though one study found that extraversion and neutroticism were negatively correlated with general knowledge, others found that they were unrelated.
Predictor of achievement :
A number of studies have assesses whether performance on a general knowledge test can predict achievement in particular areas, namely in academics, proofreading and creativity.
Academic achievement :
General knowledge has been found to predict exam results in a study of Britush schoolchildren. The study examined congnitive ability and personality predictors of exam performance and found that general knowledge was positively correlated with GCSE english, mathematics, and overall exam results. General knowledge test scores presicted exam results, even after controlling for IQ, five factor model personality traits, and learning styles.
Proofreading :
General knowledge has been found to robustly predict proofreading skills in univeristy students. A study found that proofreading had a larger correlation with general knowledge than with general intelligence, verbal reasoning, or openness to experience. In a multiple regression analysis using general knowledge, general intelligence, verbal reasoning, five factor personality traits, amd learning styles as predictors, only general knowledge was a significant predictor.
Creativity
General knowledge has been found to have weak associations with measures of creativity. In a study examining contributions of personality and intelligence to creativity, general knowledge was positively correlated with tests of divergent thinking, but was unrelated to a bigraphical measure of creative achievemnet, self- rated creativity, or a composite measure of creativity. The realtionship between general knowledge and divergent thinking became non- significant when controlling for fluid intelleigence.
Game shows and Quizzes :
Many game shows use general knowledge questions for entertainment purpose. Game shows such as who wants to be a Millionarie? and fiteen to one centre their questions on general knowledge, while other shows focus questions more on specific subjects. Some show ask questions both on specific subjects and on general knowledge .
“IF YOU THINK YOU ARE BETTER NOW, DON’T FORGET THERE IS SOMEONE, SOMEWHERE BEST THAN YOU.”
In life we always have reasons and excuses to hide our mistakes and weakness but, when it comes to our personality and lifestyles we always had new ideas to be best. Reinventing does’nt mean to change your life for society or people but, to change your weakness and to improve your life, habits and living for yourself.
IT’s NEVER LATE TO BE BETTER THAN WHAT YOU ARE…
There are people with a reason that ‘we are happy for what we are, we don’t have to change ourself for others.’ Yes, I admire their thoughts and confidence and I am one of them only. With time i realised it’s wrong to change yourself for others but, there is nothing wrong in improving ourself to be a better personality. There is difference between changing and improving and everyone has to know and realise it sooner or later. You don’t have to be one of ‘them’, you have to better own self and choose your way to be better. Just like a fis moving out of crowd to another pond for own survival and betterment.
AN EMPTY START IS BETTER THAN STICKING TO CROWD…
I am not asking you to leave your society and move alone but, to start a step to improve your bad habits, weakness, persona and life to be better and trust me you will find new ‘You’ and there will people wanting to be like you. If improving yourself is better than changing yourself so do not hesitate to take a step. Explore now and start a day with one thought to improve yourself so that, you can reinvent the hidden better ‘You’.
Karma and Reincarnation are one of the central concepts of Hinduism. Although it is also a concept that is explored by many Western Philosophies. This article however is restricted to the concept that is discussed in the Indian Scriptures and Indian Philosophies. Karma and re-birth also comprise the core of Indian Philosophies as it is through this that the difficulties in overcoming suffering is measured. The path that needs to be followed in order to attain liberation or freedom from bondage is often by annihilating Karma thereby annihilating Re-birth.
The knowledge about laws of Karma and reincarnation is believed to be first revealed by God to sages who underwent deep and focused meditations. Thus they are considered to be direct revelations by God made to the sages (rishis)
The concept of Karma is simple. Action and Reaction. According to Karma every action we do will have an equal reaction. Therefore if we do good things we may get good in return and if we do bad things then we may get bad returns. However, this Karma is not limited to present human life but also extends itself to upcoming lives of humans. If the deeds that we did in this life were full of evil then our next life will also be full of suffering.
Reincarnation comes as a concept that mainly concerns soul. According to Hinduism soul is immortal. It never dies. It just jumps from one body to another. And this cycle of human birth, death and rebirth (jumping from body to body) is called samsara or reincarnation.
The reason why reincarnation happens is because our soul is on a journey to maturation. In order to evolve to its maturity and finally become one with God, the soul has to go through this cycle of reincarnation until a certain number of times. It is said that when a person dies, the soul moves to a Second Realm where it temporarily stays in some other kind of body and when the time comes for rebirth, the soul moves to earthland and again possess a physical body/form. How the next life will be and how many times one will reincarnate majorly depends on our Karmic Deeds done in this life. It is also said that when a soul completes its number of physical rebirths and reaches maturation it further undergoes a cycle of inner development which eventually makes the soul to dissolve and become one with God.
All of these concepts are deeply explored in the Vedas and Upanishads. Most of the orthodox schools that has Vedas as their foundations also expound upon this concept with their own twists and philosophies. In some philosophy the concept of Karma and Re-birth is accepted however none of them accept God as the being who is responsible for Re-birth or Karma in any way. Philosophies such as Buddhism and Jainism do not accept the existence of God however they do believe in birth and re-birth.
Hence, the concept is widely explored in almost every Indian Philosophy whether they agree with it or disagree with it.
To come to some conclusion first we need to know about how the internet originally came into the existence, how it works, how we people are evolved with it, and then we are able to decide/answer the very question – is internet software hardware or what??
ARPANET ‘s initial logical map
The need…
Way Before the internet we know today there was a precursor ARPANET. ARPANET was funded by the US defence department to connect all research institutions and colleges through a big wire. by using this they can transfer or interact with each of these institutions very easily and fast. it was a really big breakthrough in computer or world history! later this tech was shared with many big companies later this network becomes so big that we now call it the internet! but in 1990 ARPANET stopped and the internet was unaffected by it ( tells how big internet became). With time we have seen many advancements in tech too with lay down the path to normal users and made all this infrastructure so feasible that even a normal household can have a connection with the network, thanks to the introduction of WIFI and win98 in the 90s.
we and our peripherals all connected with internet today
Internet and us: today
When we entered the 21st-century internet started becoming a big deal started using in many sectors and helped professionals even students! with tech it impacted on our lifestyle too, from space exploration department to personal AI in our phones …all this developed with help of the internet! millions of developers/contributors around the world contributed to making it in reach of every human! In the 2000s nearly 6.5 % of earth’s population was using the internet ( which is HUGE ngl) but this number became 50.8%! in 2018 and still growing at a faster rate than before too! when we talk about the internet and its working we think of few things like phone or pc which connected with WIFI/broadband network then that WIFI connected with some wire (ex.- fibre wire) coming from ISP(in case of broadband, it connected with some tower initially then ISP) …yeah that’s it, until which we able to visualize .. let us see this and understand in more detail.
world shares one big network
It’s all connected …
Internet is very much the same as it was in ARPANET days. different system(ex- computer) connected with one common server which acts as a message counter aka help connect each other . back then all this connection used to happen only through wires but now we have wireless modems/routers which help us connect with the same network at on close range ( so no need to connect each of them with different wire !) . so communicate with others we need to identify each other by something unique name to all here comes IP addresses and make it happen some rules introduced called TCP. When ARPANET decommissioned and the internet growing rapidly to different nations connected through the big wire ( all way from oceans ) WorldWideWeb was introduced at the same time. through the browser, we can connect with all these IP addresses and request for things ( like this blog itself!) but as you noticed IP address look very different and numeric but what we use is are in more readable. this is because of DNS protocol all IP addresses have some word associated with them like http://www.facebook.com is associated with 69.63.181.15 IP address
From the user side( called client ) when we enter some URL / website our HTTP request for that website goes to ISP(Internet Service Provider) then DNS servers identify the IP address and where that website is stored, yes you heard it right! websites are files just like your word or excel ones and similarly, it stored somewhere someplace ( called data centers ) . so this HTTP request rhea there and all this info comes to you all the way from there in packets and tada! Each and every website works like these even video ones where the same packets come… in the case of live interaction it comes continuously. These data centres/web servers are a bit different they are not connected with the internet as your client one is through isp but they are connected with the internet network directly!
Now the big answer time! The answer is as you already figured out reading all this.. Internet is a mix of both!
The Internet consists of many interconnected networks. Those networks are composed of hardware and software. The systems connected to the network must have hardware network interfaces, which are either wired or wireless. Software is required to regulate those interfaces, to compose, send, receive, and decode packets of knowledge using several standard protocols. Routers, switches, firewalls, and other devices are required to attach systems and networks together. a number of these devices are purely hardware, but many perform some level of processing, which needs that they contain an embedded computer running software. The systems connected to the network also typically have some type of package running on them, and a software system is a software. Web servers, management systems, web browsers, web-enabled applications, etc. are all required likewise, and people are all samples of software.
So, the net consists of both hardware and software
Pls, comment down below tell me if you want me to cover something techy ! or have some suggestions! until then 🙂 sayonara!
When a query performed on Google implies local results should be shown, the search engine populates a map pack of 3 local results. The map pack has many other names, including “local pack,” or the “Google 3-pack.”
If you own or operate a business that caters to your local community, chances are you qualify to get a Google My Business listing. A quality Google My Business listing can get you one step closer to being added to a local pack.
In this guide, we’ll explore the best way to add your business on Google My Business and offer some tips to increase your local rankings.
Back in March 2021, Google noted that there are more than 2 billion visits to local websites each month. That’s a lot of website traffic.
If you’re a small business owner, your #1 driver of new business is likely going to be referrals.
Referrals are great!
But, even with a referral, most people will still Google your business name to learn more about your business, read reviews, etc — before even contacting you.
What happens when I perform a search on Google for “Cowboy Dinner Tree?”
The right-panel is generated by Google’s Knowledge Graph, but most of the data being populated here is sourced from Google My Business.
Now, what’s interesting about Cowboy Dinner Tree’s GMB listening is they don’t even have ownership of it. It isn’t owned by anyone.
Same with their Yelp, Facebook, etc. Even their website is very web 1.0.
How do they have a Google My Business listing if it isn’t claimed?
Google will automatically create one based on data they collect about businesses (entities). Keep this in mind as we get into the process of creating your own Google My Business listing.
Back to the benefits of owning your Google My Business listing.
You, the owner of your business, can provide the most accurate information about your business and have it displayed when someone does a search for your business on Google.
One of the other major benefits to claiming your Google My Business listing is that some simple optimizations and ongoing activities can help your chances of getting new business from organic search for free.Increase Your Visibilitywith the Listing Management ToolTry for Free →
How to add your business to Google My Business
You’ll have about 3 different scenarios to choose from:
Brand new business: Select Scenario 1 if your business is less than 6 months old.
Listing exists, unclaimed: If your business has been around longer than 6 months, start with Scenario 2 (but you may end up back at Scenario 1).
Listing exists, claimed: If you claimed your listing some time ago but don’t remember the login, the email is no longer active, or another person owns your listing, go with Scenario 3.
Scenario 1: Brand new business
Congratulations! Let’s get you on the path to getting you a Google My Business listing.
Step 2: Sign in to a gmail account that you own. This is important: remember what email address you are using here. This gmail account will be the Primary owner of the listing. Write it down on a post-it or take a screenshot if you need to.
Step 3: Once you have signed in, you’ll get taken to a page like the one below. Click on the Get Started button.
Step 4: Start typing in the name of your business. Google My Business will attempt to locate a listing but since your business is new, you likely don’t have one yet. When you spot the option to “create a business with this name,” click it, then click on Next.
Step 5: Now we need to choose a Business category that best matches your business. For our example, coffee shops are the best matching category. If there are multiple categories that match your business, you’ll be able to add additional categories after your listing has been verified. Once you’ve chosen your category, click Next.
Step 6: Your next move depends on what type of business you operate. If your business is a brick and mortar, then the answer is yes. If you are a service provider (you go to your customers) and don’t have a physical storefront with signage then you will select no. If you are a service provider AND have a physical storefront with signage, then choose yes. Once you’ve made your choice, click Next.
Step 7: Enter your address, then click Next if you answered yes in the previous step. If you chose no in the previous step, you will be asked to enter your service area. Once finished, click Next.
Step 8: If you are displaying your address, you might be asked to point to the exact spot where your business is located. Once finished, click Next. If you are not showing your address, you will be asked to provide your business phone number and website.
Step 9: If you’re showing your address, you’ll be asked if you also serve customers outside of your location. If you are not showing your address, you’ll be asked if you want to get updates and recommendations from Google. Choose your answer, then click Next.
Step 10: If you’re showing your address, you’ll be asked to add your phone number and website. If you are not showing your address, skip to Step 10. Once you’ve added your website address and phone number, click Next.
Step 11: Time to finish and start the verification process! Select “Finish.”
Step 12: If you are showing your address, you’ll be prompted to verify by postcard with an option to add a contact name. If you are hiding your address, you’ll be prompted to add an address for verification purposes. Your address will not be shown but is needed to verify your business.
Step 13: Once you receive the postcard (usually within 5 business days), log back into your listing to verify your listing.
Scenario 2: Listing exists, unclaimed
If your business has been around for at least 6 months, you might already have a Google My Business listing that was automatically created.
Go to Google Maps and perform a search for your business name. If a listing shows up and you see “Claim this business,” then claim it! If you see your listing and there’s a label that says ‘Manage this listing,” then head to Scenario 3.
If you have the option to claim the listing, you’re going to be asked to make sure the information is up to date, then you’ll go through the verification process.
Scenario 3: Listing exists, claimed
Maybe a former employee, an email address you don’t have access to anymore, or a former agency that claimed the listing on your behalf. Whatever the reason is, you don’t have access to your Google My Business listing.
Go to Google and perform a search for your business. Within the panel, you’ll see ‘Suggest an edit • Own this business?’ Select “own this business.”
Google will show the first 2 characters of the email address that owns the listing. Sometimes, this may spark your memory with the email address that you used years ago to claim the listing.
If you don’t know the email address, click on the Request Access button.
More often than not, you’re going to check the box to share your info with the current owners and managers of the listing.
For level of access, choose Ownership.
Your relationship to the business is likely going to be owner since you’re requesting ownership of the listing.
Provide your name and phone number, then submit.
After you submit the form, the current owner of the listing will get an email that asks them if the request is valid. You’ll also receive a confirmation email. Keep the confirmation email.
The current owner of the listing has 3 days to respond to your request. You can check the status of your request by clicking on the link within the confirmation email.
If your request is approved, you’ll get an email confirmation and can then start managing the profile.
If your request is denied, you’re going to need to contact Google My Business support via the Help Center.
Alternatively, you can get in touch with GMB Support on Twitter. It might take them a few days to respond, but they’ve been helpful in the past.
If the current listing owner does not respond within 3 days, you’ll get the option to claim the listing. Sign into g oogle.com/business and you should see an option to verify the listing.
Once you get access to the listing, the first thing you will want to do is make sure that anyone who should have access to the listing does. Since you are now the primary owner of the listing, you can add or remove users from having access.
Next Steps
Once you’ve created or updated your listing, be sure to stay on top of it! Listing management is an important part of ensuring the information around your business is useful and accurate.
Set a predetermined time to check in on your listing, try a few marketing strategies to connect with your audience, and keep an eye out for any user interactions with your listing. You can also use listing management tools to take the guesswork out of managing your listing.
Eduindex 
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