THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN ENHANCING LABOUR MANAGEMENT RELATIONS

INTRODUCTION

Effective communication is essential to comprehensive labour relations. Positive communication can be vital to the existence of an institution and reduces the possibility of conflict and labour strife within the institution.

According to Louis Allen, “Communication is the sum of all things, one person does when he wants to create understanding in mind of another. It involves systematic and continuous process of telling, listening and understanding”.

Katz and Kahn (1978), opined that communication is the exchange of information and the transmission of meaning, it is the very essence of a social system of an organization. It involves the transfer of information from the sender to the receiver with information being understood by the receiver.

Communication is the means by which people in organization exchange information and transmit meaning from sender (encoder) to receiver (decoder) regarding the operations of the organization. It involves some interchange of ideas, emotions and facts between and among people through words, letters and symbols.

Hence, it is the process of sending and receiving information. It is also the sharing of ideas for mutual understanding. For an effective communication, there must be a common frame of reference between the sender and the receiver. In order words, there must be a common understanding of the intent and purposes of the message sent by the receiver. Therefore, communication can only take place when a message is sent, received and well understood by both parties. In essence, for communication to be effective, the message must be meaningful and relevant.

Labour relations is a composite and dynamic discipline and it is all about interface. Labour relations as a three-way relationship has various essential participants involved in the process, namely employees, employers and the state. This relationship is a human relationship, administered by rules and regulations. The parties to the employment relationship should be cheered to communicate and collaborate in resolving differences and in remedying workplace issues in a rigorous labour environment.

WHAT IS COMMUNICATION?

Communication is a means of inter-changing behaviours, perceptions and values, of getting others to act and to sense in a different way, and of forming understanding. . Communication is a fundamental feature in the labour relationship, aimed at guaranteeing that common understanding is achieved in the fulfilment of a desired outcome. Communication is a process whereby a sender sends a message to a receiver, who then interprets the message and donates it with meaning. The receiver may then reply, communicating their own message. The efficacy of the communication is determined by whether the message transferred is interpreted by the receiver as having the same meaning that the sender intended. It is therefore vital that the intended message is passed on.

Communication comprises verbal (both written and oral) and nonverbal communication (kinesics behaviour, object language, proxemics and paralanguage), both of which can be found in the labour relationship. Communication is information in passage and employers and employees need to receive and transmit information to coordinate their actions and perform their tasks. Communication is the procedure through which the receiver’s attitude or behaviour and knowledge are altered or confirmed in some determined manner.

WHAT IS LABOUR RELATIONSHIP?

Labour relations are a very important part of society’s overall behaviour, and one will know the factors affecting labour and their relations. Labour relation as an interdisciplinary area of research deals with the current processes of control of dynamic individual and collective labour relations and organizational leadership. It operates in a wider environment, with a consideration of the conditions under which the work is carried out in such a way that the meets the desires of all parties. The relationship of labour is complex and of both person and collective in nature.

Relationships between labour and management are the most complex set of relationships that any HR Manager can deal with. Effective management of labour relations lets HR Managers create a harmonious atmosphere within the enterprise that in turn lets the company accomplish its goals and objectives efficiently. Well-managed employee ties offer a strategic edge for organization by negating the hassles arising out of labour or union related issues and conflicts. Even though communication remains one of the significant component in the labour relationship, limited organizations and their managers give ample attention, time and resources to ensure that effective communication processes and systems are in order. Communication as a process should receive much attention from both employers and employees and the communication flow should be enhanced to ensure that the message sent and the message received are alike.

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION IN ORGANISATIONS

A trustful environment has to be formed in any institution to ensure the finest possible communication. The organization in the institution refers to the alliance of the workforce to reach the objectives of the institution.

4 types of messages used in the communication process in an institution:

1. Maintain healthy relationships

2. Define responsibilities and everyday jobs

3. Providing coaching and instructions

4. Communicate the goals and philosophy of the institution.

Employees should be at liberty to claim their rights, but not at the cost of others. If aggression and the manipulation of other workers can be avoided, the atmosphere should be favourable to people listening to each other and understanding each other. Labour relations are concerned with the worker, not only as a factor of production but also as an individual who brings needs, expectations and goals to the workplace.

Labour relations in the public sector focuses mostly on remunerations and situations of service. However, in practice this relationship includes negotiations and bargaining on issues such as involvement in policy making in terms of issues such as transformation and favourable action. These issues create achievers and losers, new collectivises and alliances, all of which call for new labour relations and communication processes.

The Labour Relations Act, 66 of 1995 (LRA), brought new labour relations procedures in the public sector. Workers were permitted to organise and bargain freely with managers about the establishment of the Public Service Coordinating Bargaining Council (PSCBC), the right to join unions and the right to strike. Union membership improved speedily and a number of agreements were struck. The PSCBC struggles to further good communication between the state as the employer and public servants as the employees. It is a formal communication channel and has the charge of maintaining the authority structure. Proceedings can be validated and official feedback is ensured. The employer and the employee can share information on an official basis.

The International Labour Organisation (ILO) issued a Recommendation[1] on the subject of communication in the labour relationship. The Recommendation reads `it is in the common interest (of employers and employees) . . . to recognise the importance of a climate of mutual understanding and confidence within undertakings that is favourable both to the efficiency of the undertaking and to the aspirations of the workers’.

The ILO regards communication with employees as extremely important and recommends that employees should constantly be consulted when establishing communication channels in an institution, as employee would confirm effective communication and a positive labour relations ambience.

The guidelines for an effective communication policy include the following:

1. The policy of the institution should ensure that ‘information is given and that consultation takes place between the parties concerned before decisions on matters of major interest are taken by management.’

2. The method of communication should ‘in no way derogate from the freedom of association should in no way cause bias to the freely chosen workers’ representatives or to their organisations’. Communication should therefore not be guided through any other person if a representative body has been established.

3. Steps should be taken ‘to train those concerned in the use of communication methods and to make them as far as acquainted with all the subjects in respect of which communication takes place’. Training for shop agents or any other employee representatives should therefore be promoted and given when needed.

4. Means should be made available for employee agents to communicate any information to employees.

 5. Two-way communication should be promoted between management and employee representatives (although direct communication between employees and management is strongly advised), through a proper communication system in the organisation.

6. It is recommended that the communication policy should be ‘adapted to the nature of the undertaking concerned, account being taken of its size and of the composition and interests of the work force’.

7. National practice and the circumstances of each particular situation should be taken into consideration when determining the medium of communication as well as the timing.

CONCLUSION

Labour relations is all about people in the workplace. It involves elements that are part of all human relationships, such as friendship and any other forms of union between people. This dynamic relationship should also be based on what is required to make any relationship work. Therefore, communication as one of the keystones of any effective and successful relationship is also part of the labour relationship. Communication is an essential feature for survival and no institution can exist without it. The labour relationship and communication are composite and involve participants working together to create meaning through switching information in the work surroundings. The rules that an institution must comply with in the labour relationship and communication in an institution are nationally determined through legislation and internationally through recommendations by institutions such as the International Labour Organisation.

[1] No.129 of 1967https://www.managementstudyguide.com/labor-management-relations.htmhttp://www.globalacademicgroup.com/journals/

Corruption

Corruption refers to a form of criminal activity or dishonesty. It refers to an evil act by an individual or a group. Most noteworthy, this act compromises the rights and privileges of others. Furthermore, Corruption primarily includes activities like bribery or embezzlement. However, corruption can take place in many ways. Most probably, people in positions of authority are susceptible to Corruption. Corruption certainly reflects greedy and selfish behavior.

Methods of Corruption

First of all, Bribery is the most common method of Corruption. Bribery involves the improper use of favours and gifts in exchange for personal gain. Furthermore, the types of favours are diverse. Above all, the favours include money, gifts, company shares, sexual favours, employment , entertainment, and political benefits. Also, personal gain can be – giving preferential treatment and overlooking crime. Embezzlement refers to the act of withholding assets for the purpose of theft. Furthermore, it takes place by one or more individuals who were entrusted with these assets. Above all, embezzlement is a type of financial  fraud. The graft is a global form of Corruption. Most noteworthy, it refers to the illegal use of a politician’s authority for personal gain. Furthermore, a popular way for the graft is misdirecting public funds for the benefit of politicians. Extortion is another major method of Corruption. It means to obtain property, money or services illegally. Above all, this obtainment takes place by coercing individuals or organizations. Hence, Extortion is quite similar to blackmail. Favouritism and nepotism is quite an old form of Corruption still in usage. This refers to a person favouring one’s own relatives and friends to jobs. This is certainly a very unfair practice. This is because many deserving candidates fail to get jobs. Abuse of discretion is another method of Corruption. Here, a person misuses one’s power and authority. An example can be a judge unjustly dismissing a criminal’s case.Finally, influence peddling is the last method here. This refers to illegally using one’s influence with the government or other authorized individuals. Furthermore, it takes place in order to obtain preferential treatment or favour.

Ways of Stopping Corruption

One important way of preventing Corruption is to give a better salary in a government job. Many government  employees receive pretty low salaries. Therefore, they resort to bribery to meet their expenses. So, government employees should receive higher salaries. Consequently, high salaries would reduce their motivation and resolve to engage in bribery. Increasing the number of workers can be another suitable way of curbing Corruption. In many government offices, the workload is very high. This provides an opportunity to slow down the work by government employees. Consequently, these employees then indulge in bribery in return for faster delivery of work. Hence, this opportunity to bribe can be removed by bringing in more employees in government offices. Tough laws are very important for stopping Corruption. Above all, strict punishments need to be meted out to guilty individuals. Furthermore, there should be an efficient and quick implementation of strict laws. Applying cameras in workplaces is an excellent way to prevent corruption. Above all, many individuals would refrain from indulging in Corruption due to fear of being caught. Furthermore, these individuals would have otherwise engaged in Corruption.

The government must make sure to keep inflation low. Due to the rise in prices, many people feel their incomes to be too low. Consequently, this increases Corruption among the masses. Businessmen raise prices to sell their stock of goods at higher prices. Furthermore, the politician supports them due to the benefits they receive.To sum it up, Corruption is a great evil of society. This evil should be quickly eliminated from society. Corruption is the poison that has penetrated the minds of many individuals these days. Hopefully, with consistent political and social efforts, we can get rid of Corruption.

Education System in Covid-19

These are some really different times, most of us in our lifetimes have never experienced a situation like this where our always prepared future plan seems bleak and our present seems stuck. We have been under Lockdown from the past 3 months due to an ongoing pandemic which seems to be in full flow in our country with cases skyrocketing to more than 7,50,000 making our country the third most affected nation due to coronavirus.

All of our daily activities including education were halted for a significant amount of time and although we always seem to find a solution to everything, a reliable solution to continue with our education seemed lost but as we all know, life seems to find a way and we also found answers to continue with our daily routine with education taking the online route. Softwares like Zoom, Cisco Webex and Microsoft Teams came to our rescue and the education system went online. In the start it seemed weird, looking at our friends and teachers through a screen sitting comfortably in our pyjamas but overtime it became a habit and this system amalgamated pretty well with our schedule. Online education has proved to be a boon in this lockdown as even though everything seems uncertain, we are able to continue to grow as individuals and receive our education.

Faculties are able to impart knowledge from the comfort of their houses and same is the case for students which makes it even more acceptable and a reliable means for the foreseeable future.

Is Social media becoming curse?

Social networking was often used as a symbol of modern growth every now and then. It has come in an attempt to enable our country and our people to rise to great heights..However we humans still fail to understand the effective use of these social media platforms.Where the very technology is meant to connect us , divides us.It’s going down from becoming a social media benevolence to being a bane. And it’s just because of us humans who lead to destroying this tremendous usage of technology by being the devil and bringing birth to a future of darkness.

Lets take example of trending social apps such as Facebook , whatsapp ,  Instagram, twitter etcWhen anyone isn’t identified in either of these sociable sites, much of our human mindset will be to condemn them because they’re not in the social networking realm, and it’s the degree of which we’re now fascinated with it because it’s now too evident to us, even though their pitfalls are often overlooked..These social media sites have over one billion active users per day, filled with millions of post-uploads and stories per hour.Although others are attempting to build artificial intelligence by granting machines the ability to think like humans, here humans themselves are being regulated like machines by impulses to lose interest and caring for the same.

I said earlier that these sites are becoming bane by contributing to make us lazier. So much lazier that now we’re not even trying to remember anyone’s birthdays or many important dates because we’re indirectly getting to know about it from these sites..So that’s what weakens our bonds with others. people don’t even think any social gatherings, they just end such interactions on Facebook, video chat or voice calls, etc., so they’re totally losing the human touch in shared culture..Infact now in visiting some tourist or religious sites have often lost natural harmony and moment of joy and during that period people are so inshowoff these sites in social places that they are still not involved in learning the real past, tradition and speciality of such locations..We have ignored the true value of sharing time with loved ones. This causes us interact with others miles away and forget the person right next to us. Not creating positive interactions.t just making people so addictive just to keep connection with those who doesnt even matter or stay for us for too long.People have been such a seeker of popularity that they can do anything just to receive people’s views, followers and tweets.This triggered a increase in depression by endless similarities that we create in our minds regarding our lives, about the lives of others depending on what they share on their social media. Of course people only post the positive aspects, and perfectly posed/calculated shots, so things appear to be perfect.

People whose business actually runs through social media are being used wisely, while young people whose age is to build a career and learn life lessons are being seen wasting a lot of time on social media.

Humans should know how to allow good and successful usage of these networking media, such as connecting with those people who genuinely lead to creating jobs in our life through being motivation rather than toxic. Simply by being concentrated, diligent, self-conscious and never forgetting to calculate the influence on society rather than just popularity.

Diamonds

Diamond is an allotrope of Carbon and also the most precious gemstone of all times. There are other fun facts that make diamonds more fascinating.

  1. Diamond is known as the symbol for strength, courage and invincibility.
  2. The heaviest diamond ever discovered was of weight 3106 carats.
  3. On an average, a diamond loses 50% of its weight when it cut and polished.
  4. It is the hardest natural substance.
  5. Most of the diamonds found in nature are one to three billion years old.
  6. Diamonds were first discovered in India and then Brazil.
  7. The ashes of a loved one can be turned into man-made diamond and can be cherished for life.
  8. At fifty light years from Earth, there is a diamond in the sky named Lucy.
  9. Diamonds are not always colourless. Very rare diamonds are found in nature who having shaded of red, yellow, blue, pink, brown, orange, black and green.
  10. 1.5 million nanoparticles of diamond can be found in a candles flame.

Right to education in India

India has the largest student population in the world with over 13.5cr pupils in primary education followed by China at over 12.1cr pupils at this level. With a literacy rate of 61% India ranks a disappointing 172nd on this front. Educating such a large population is not only an expensive task but also a very difficult one. Of the nearly 200 million children in the 6 to 14 age group, more than half do not complete eight years of elementary education, as never enrolled or dropouts. Of those who do complete eight years of schooling, the achievement levels of a large percentage, in language and mathematics, is unacceptably low.

Problems to be sought out:

Firstly, there is the problem of access. School education is simply unavailable to the vast number of children in the country. During the last few decades, there has been some progress in improving enrolment. The gross enrolment ratio (GER) from Classes I to VIII was 94.9 per cent and from Classes I to XII, 77 per cent. Even these enrolment figures are generally rigged and exaggerated for various administrative and political purposes. Moreover, the attendance has generally been found to be at least 25 per cent below enrolment and the drop-out rate from Classes I to X was 61.6 per cent; and in a State like Bihar it was above 75 per cent. Among those who drop out, the percentage of children belonging to the
Scheduled Castes in the country as a whole was 70.6 and of the Scheduled Tribes, 78.5. In Bihar, the figure was close to 90 per cent for both the categories. The net result is that a sizeable percentage, as much as 30 per cent, of children in the school-going age in India are out of school; the percentage is as high as 50 in Bihar (1.5 crores out of three crore children in the school going age-group).
Only 53 per cent of all habitations have a primary school On an average, an upper primary school is 3 km away in 22 percent of habitations More than 50 percent of the girls in the country do not enrol in schools When working outside the family, children put in an average of 21 hours of labour per week, at the cost of education 60 million children are thought to be child labourers. More than 35 million children in the 6-14 age group are out of school Only 45.8 percent girls complete education in rural areas as compared to 66.3 percent boys. In urban areas, 66.3 percent girls complete education as opposed to 80.3 per cent boys.

Necessity of compulsory education:


In essence, a citizen is only free when he can make a meaningful challenge to his fellow citizens or Government’s attempt to curtail his natural freedom. For this to happen, he needs a certain degree of education. Without it, a citizen may never come to know of his other rights; nor would he have the resources to adequately enforce them.
The Supreme Court has explained why education should be compulsory. A free educated citizen could meaningfully exercise his political rights, discharge social responsibilities satisfactorily and develop a spirit of tolerance and reform. Therefore, education is compulsory. Primary education to the children, in particular, to the poor, weaker sections, Dalits and Tribes and minorities is mandatory. The basic education and employment-oriented vocational education should be imparted so as to retrieve them from poverty and, thus, develop basic abilities to live a meaningful life, the principal means and primary duty of the State for stability for the democracy, social integration and to eliminate social tensions.

Article 21 of Indian Constitution


Education is one of the basic elements, for the success of democratic system of any Government. An educated citizen may choose better representatives, to form the Government. Education provides human dignity to a person, to develop himself as well as contribute towards the development of his country. The framers of our constitution realising the importance of education, impose a duty on the State under Article 45, as one of the Directive Principles of State Policy, to provide free education to all children until they complete the age of 14 years, within 10 years from the commencement of the Constitution. The object was to abolish illiteracy from the country. It was expected that the elected Governments of the country would honestly implement this directive. But, this right was not recognised by many of the States. The Hon’ble Supreme Court held that right to free education falls in the ambit of “right to life” enshrined by Article 21 of the Constitution.

Unfortunately, that goal of the Constitution imposed by Article 45, could not be achieved within 10 years but succeeded after five decades, in the form of Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002. By this Amendment, Article 21A was inserted in Part III, providing free and compulsory education to the children between the age of 6 to 14 years. Even after the lapse of around six decades of independence, illiteracy has a high ratio in the country.
With intense public pressure, government relented to introduce Right to Education Bill in December 2002 and introduced 86th Amendment Act (2002) via Article 21A (Part III) “The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of 6 to 14 years in such manner as the state may, by law, determine”. Thereby the fundamental right given in Article 21 was diluted by excluding children aged 0-6 years from the purview of the Bill, thereby depriving around 170 million children below six years of their right to education. The original Right to Education Bill, 2002 was rigorously debated and several modifications were ultimately introduced in the parliament in 2009. The RTE Act provides the legislative framework for Universalisation of Elementary Education (UEE). The bill was adopted after 8 years of intense and sustained pressure by civil society organizations.
The citizen of the this country have a fundamental right to education and it flows from Article 21. This right is, however, not an absolute right. Its content and parameters have to be determined in the light of Articles 45 and 41. In other words, every child/citizen of this country has a right to free education until he completes the age of 14 years. Thereafter his right to education is subject to the limits of economic capacity and development of the State.
Right to education is not stated expressly as a Fundamental Right in Part III of the Constitution of India, However, having regard to the fundamental significance of education to the life of an individual and the nation, right to education is implicit in and flows from the right to life guaranteed by Article 21. That the right to education has been treated as one of transcendental importance in the life of an individual is recognised all over the world. Without education being provided to the citizens of this country, the objectives set forth in the preamble to the Constitution cannot be achieved. The Constitution would fail.


Right to free education is fundamental right from six to fourteen years of age:


Of late, in the year 2002 after 52 years of the enforcement of the Constitution, the Parliament has made the fundamental right to education, free and compulsory for the children of the age 6 to 14 years by Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002. This Amendment has inserted Article 21A and clause (k) in Article 51A with the substitution of Article 45 of the Constitution.
The RTE Act requires surveys that will monitor all neighbourhoods, identify children requiring education, and set up facilities for providing it. The World Bank education specialist for India, Sam Carlson, has observed: “The RTE Act is the first legislation in the world that puts the responsibility of ensuring enrolment, attendance and completion on the Government. It is the parents’ responsibility to send the children to schools in the US and other countries.”

The Right to Education of persons with disabilities until 18 years of age is laid down under a separate legislation – the Persons with Disabilities Act. A number of other provisions regarding improvement of school infrastructure, teacher-student ratio and faculty are made in the Act.
The Central and the State Governments shall have concurrent responsibility for providing funds for carrying out the provisions of this Act. This Act is an essential step towards improving each child’s accessibility to secondary and higher education. The Act also contains specific provisions for disadvantaged groups, such as child labourers, migrant children, children with special needs, or those who have a disadvantage owing to social, cultural, economical, geographical, linguistic, gender or any such factor. With the implementation of this Act, it is also expected that issues of school drop out, out-of-school children, quality of education and availability of trained teachers would be addressed in the short to medium term plans.

The enforcement of the Right to Education Act (External website that opens in a new window) brings the country closer to achieving the objectives and mission of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Education for All (EFA) and hence is a historic step taken by the Government of India.

The Right to education act lays down the norms and standards related to:


Pupil Teacher Ratios (PTRs), Buildings and infrastructure, School-working days, teacher-working hours.
It had a clause for “No Detention Policy” which has been removed under The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (Amendment) Act, 2019.
It also provides for prohibition of deployment of teachers for noneducational work, other than decennial census, elections to local authority, state legislatures and parliament, and disaster relief.
It provides for the appointment of teachers with the requisite entry and academic qualifications.
It prohibits Physical punishment and mental harassment, Screening procedures for admission of children, Capitation fee, Private tuition by teacher Running of schools without recognition.
It focuses on making the child free of fear, trauma and anxiety through a system of child friendly and child centred learning.

Benefits of Right to Education Act, 2009

RTE has been a part of the directive principles of the State Policy under Article 45 of the Constitution, which is part of Chapter 4 of the Constitution. And rights in Chapter 4 are not enforceable. For the first time in the history of India we have made this right enforceable by putting it in Chapter 3 of the Constitution as Article 21. This entitles children to have the right to education enforced as a fundamental right.

Right to compulsory education:
The word ‘compulsion’ is not to be related to the student or the parents. Parents cannot be penalized for being too poor to send their children to school. The word, ‘compulsion’ has to be understood in relation to the State and the obligation of the State to provide for free education.


The Supreme Court has held that so many children drop out of, or are, absent from, school before they turn fourteen, “free education” alone cannot solve the problem. The current patchwork of laws on compulsory education is insufficient. Monetary fines do not go far enough to ensure that Article 21A is upheld. The Statement of Objects and Reasons for Article 21A states that the Constitution of India in a Directive Principle contained in Article 45, has made a provision for free and compulsory education for all children up to the age of fourteen years within ten years of promulgation of the Constitution. We could not achieve this goal even after 50 years of adoption of this provision. The task of providing education to all children in this age group gained momentum after the National Policy of Education (NPE) was announced in 1986. The Government of India, in partnership with the State Governments, has made strenuous efforts to fulfil this mandate and though significant improvements were seen in various education indicators, the ultimate goal of providing universal and quality education still remains unfulfilled. In order to fulfil this goal, it is felt that an explicit provision.

Every generation looks up to the next generation with the hope that they shall build up a nation better than the present. Therefore education which empowers the future generation should always be the main concern for any nation. It is now an undisputed fact that right to education can be realized on a national level only through compulsory education, or better say, through free compulsory primary education. However due to the widespread poverty and various prejudices in the society, the efforts to develop an educational system in India with full access, equality and quality of education has not been achieved. The inability to check the dropout rates among the marginalized sections of the population is another cause of worry.

18th meeting of high-level Group of Ministers on COVID-19 held in New Delhi

The 18th meeting of the high-level Group of Ministers, GoM on COVID-19 was held in New Delhi through video conferencing under the chairpersonship of Health Minister Dr. Harsh Vardhan. 

The GoM was briefed on the current status of COVID-19 in India. The global comparison between the five most affected countries clearly depicted that India has one of the lowest cases per million which is 538 and deaths per million which is 15 compared the global average of 1453 and 68.7.

Within the country, eight states Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat contribute to around 90 per cent of the active caseload and 49 districts account for 80 per cent of active caseload, as of today.

Moreover, six states Maharashtra, Delhi, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal account for 86 per cent of total deaths, and 32 districts account for 80 per cent deaths.

Dr Harsh Vardhan stated that as we move forward, the focus shall be on the management of COVID-19 through strict containment measures and surveillance; utilizing full testing capacity and focus on monitoring of co-morbid and elderly population. 

He pointed out that the aim is to reduce the Case Fatality Rate low by early identification and effective clinical management.

Director of National Centre for Disease Control Dr Sujeet K Singh presented a detailed report on surveillance efforts undertaken in India during the pandemic.

In a detailed presentation, Chairman of Empowered Group-8 on Information, Communication and Public Awareness,Amit Khare briefed the GoM on the key steps taken in Communication of Information and in raising public awareness.

Dr Harsh Vardhan was joined by External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar, Civil Aviation Minister Hardeep S. Puri, Minister of State for Health Ashwini Kumar Choubey, Minister of State for Shipping and Chemical and Fertilizers Mansukh Mandaviya, Member Health in NITI Aayog Dr. Vinod Paul joined the meeting through video conference link.

ICSE and ISC exam results for Class 10th, 12th to be announced at 3 PM today

ICSE and ISC exam results for students of Class 10th and 12th will be announced at 3 pm today. The results will be uploaded on the website of the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examination.  

Students will be able to view their result by logging on to cisce.org and results.cisce.org

Results will also be available through SMS for which detail has been posted on the websites. A press release said, affiliated schools can access results by logging into the CAREERS portal using Principal’s login ID and password.

MHA permits NIA to investigate Thiruvananthapuram Airport Gold smuggling case

Union Home Ministry has permitted the National Investigation Agency to investigate the Thiruvananthapuram Airport Gold smuggling case. The Ministry said, the decision has been taken as the organised smuggling operation may have serious implications for national security.

It came a day after Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan wrote a letter to Prime Minister Narendra Modi seeking an effective investigation into the seizure of gold worth crores of rupees from a diplomatic baggage at the airport in the state capital.

The gold, weighing over 30 kg, was seized from the diplomatic baggage that had landed by air cargo at Kerala’s Thiruvananthapuram International airport recently from the Gulf. 

UP govt imposes three day restrictions in state from this evening amid spurt in Covid-19 cases

The Uttar Pradesh government has decided to impose fresh restrictions of 55 hours in the state from this evening amid spurt in Covid-19 cases. The restrictions will be in place from 10 PM today till 5 AM on 13th July.

AIR correspondent reports, as per the directions issued by Chief Secretary of State RK Tiwari, All offices, business institutions and markets in urban and rural areas across the state will be closed during the restriction period. Although All emergency services will continue as usual.

Apart from the continuous working units in urban areas and industrial units in rural areas all other industrial activities will be closed. These restrictions will not affect rail and air services along with movement on national highways and road transportation including goods services.

On these three days that is 10,11 and 12 july a massive sanitization and clean water supply campaign will be launched across the state. Through a public address system an awareness campaign will also be launched regarding covid-19 and other communicable diseases. 

PM Modi to dedicate to nation a 750 MW Solar project at MP’s Rewa today

Prime Minister Narendra Modi will today dedicate to the nation a 750 MW Solar project set up at Rewa in Madhya Pradesh. The Rewa project will reduce carbon emission equivalent to about 15 lakh ton of CO2 per year.

The project comprises three solar generating units of 250 megawatt each located on a 500 hectare plot of land situated inside a Solar Park. The Solar Park was developed by the Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Limited (RUMSL). It is a Joint Venture Company of Madhya Pradesh Urja Vikas Nigam Limited, and Solar Energy Corporation of India, a Central Public Sector Undertaking.  Central Financial Assistance of 138 crore rupees has been provided to RUMSL for development of the Park.

The Rewa Solar Project was the first solar project in the country to break the grid parity barrier. Compared to prevailing solar project tariffs of approximately 4.50 rupees per unit in early 2017, the Rewa project achieved historic results. This means a tariff of 2.97 rupees per unit with a tariff escalation of 0.05 paise per unit over 15 years and a levelized rate of 3.30 rupees per unit over the term of 25 years.  

The Rewa Project has been acknowledged in India and abroad for its robust project structuring and innovations. Its payment security mechanism for reducing risks to power developers has been recommended as a model to other States by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.  It has also received the World Bank Group President’s Award for innovation and excellence and was included in the Prime Minister’s “A Book of Innovation: New Beginnings”.  

The project is also the first renewable energy project to supply to an institutional customer outside the State. The Delhi Metro will get 24 percent of energy from the project with the remaining 76 percent being supplied to the State DISCOMs of Madhya Pradesh.

The Project also exemplifies India’s commitment to attain the target of 175 GW of installed renewable energy capacity by the year 2022, including 100 GW of Solar installed capacity.

A radio report on the event, produced by AIR Rewa, will be broadcast by AIR Delhi on its Indraprastha, FM Gold and AIR Live News 24×7 Youtube channels at 5:20 PM today.  

Prime Minister Modi will dedicate the solar project to the nation virtually at 11 am.

Madhya Pradesh Governor Anandiben Patel and Chief Minister  Shivraj Singh Chouhan will take part in the programme through video conference. Union Minister RK Singh will also take part in the programme.

AIR correspondent reports, the project comprises three solar generating units of 250 MW each located on a1590-hectare plot inside a solar park. According to the official release, this project will reduce carbon emission equivalent to approximately 15 lakh tonne of CO2 per year. It is the first renewable energy project to supply institutional customers outside the state, including Delhi Metro, which will get 24 per cent of energy from the project. The remaining 76 per cent is being supplied to the state distribution companies of Madhya Pradesh.

The Rewa project has been acknowledged in India and abroad for its robust structuring and innovations. Its payment security mechanism for reducing risks to power developers has been recommended as a model to other states by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.

The solar park was developed by the Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Ltd (RUMSL), a joint venture of Madhya Pradesh Urja Vikas Nigam Ltd and Solar Energy Corporation of India, a central undertaking.

Cabinet approves the extension of Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana till November 2020

This scheme help many of people in this crisis, to at least not suffer from hunger. With this central government scheme state government also help needy. Everyone is helping to each other because in this situation every one is trapped or suffer from this situation. In this pandemic mostly affected person is daily wages worker who are totally depend on their daily earnings for their needs, but right know situation is not good they can’t earn daily. So government try to help them. At least they do not suffer from her.

Under the government launched scheme 203 lakh tonnes of grains will be distributed among 81 crore people for the next five months, from July to November 2020.

The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has approved the extension of Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana for another five months, from July to November 2020.

Under the government launched scheme 203 lakh tonnes of grains will be distributed among 81 crore people for the next five months. The step to extend the scheme was announced by PM Modi on June 30, 2020.

The Union Minister Prakash Javadekar while announcing the approval of extension mentioned that it is the biggest program in the world that will run for eight months and will include every section of the society.

• The approval for the extension of Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana is in view of the need for continuous support to needy and poor.

• 120 lakh ton grains were used for the distribution of grains in the last three months and now, 203 lakh tons of grains will be given in the coming five months

• The approval for the extension of Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana is in view of the need for continuous support to needy and poor.

• 120 lakh ton grains were used for the distribution of grains in the last three months and now, 203 lakh tons of grains will be given in the coming five months.

Union Minister Prakash Javadekar also informed that the cabinet has approved the extension of the time limit for availing free cylinders under the Ujjwala scheme for three months.

He added that 7 crore 40 lakh women were registered under Ujjwala Scheme and they were promised three free cylinders. The validity to avail those free cylinders has been extended till September 2020 so that they can enjoy the benefits of the scheme. The total cost will be Rs. 13,500 crore.

Emotional intelligence- Aman Sharma

Emotional intelligence.

Trying to accomplish grand objectives is solid, as long as it doesn’t get devastating. There is a truism: “Don’t let flawlessness impede progress.”

I would say in programming advancement through different jobs and as CTO at Clearbridge Versatile, I’ve discovered that this expression resounds. Spry advancement places incredible accentuation on emphasis, or bombing quick so you can learn, adjust, and improve rapidly and consistently. Hairsplitting really blocks your capacity to turn out to be better.

Numerous parts of perfectionistic thinking, similar to the dread of committing errors and embracing a win or bust outlook, are not gainful learning devices, and looking for flawlessness in each undertaking won’t assist us with accomplishing item objectives.

Through the act of enthusiastic insight, we find out about our qualities – and maybe more critically, our cutoff points – and how to expand them by gaining from botches and conquering difficulties. By ascending to trouble and in any event, falling flat, we figure out how to accomplish our best work.

This article will investigate four aspects of passionate knowledge, how to use them to accomplish objectives, and how they can decrease the stickler conduct and thought designs that are hindering to nimble groups.

  1. Be interested

Genuinely clever people have a functioning feeling of interest. They investigate additional opportunities, pose inquiries, and are available to different arrangements. On the off chance that we submit to stickler thought designs, it’s anything but difficult to get over the top about getting a profoundly explicit or solitary presentation result. We put blinders on and shut out the learning procedure required at showing up at an objective.

At the point when we’re on an objective way, it’s fundamental to inquisitively investigate the procedure of objective achievement with the goal that we can course-address when we face obstructions. By being interested, we’re caused mindful of different alternatives and bearings to take to accomplish our objectives. Be that as it may, to do this, we have to oppose win big or bust reasoning and be available to changing our objective direction. In a dexterous situation, it’s fundamental to modify when the startling happens.

Is it true that you are defining execution objectives as it were? Learning objectives move our core interest.

We can’t totally overlook execution objectives. In our professions, we unavoidably face quantifiable execution results to get (increment time-to-showcase by 30 percent or lessen costs by 10 percent, for instance). Learning objectives, in any case, move our concentration from the final product to the way toward learning the best way to deal with objective fulfillment. Except if the presentation result has critical outcomes to a venture, I recommend moving toward objectives with a learning direction at whatever point conceivable.

Examination with new techniques, monitor progress, and continue emphasizing until you locate the most encouraging arrangement. Endeavoring to convey immaculate outcomes will just keep you away from learning better approaches for accomplishing objectives. You have to realize when to turn to the following arrangement, and comprehend that plans won’t run without shortcoming – which carries me to the following part of passionate knowledge to incorporate with your range of abilities: industriousness.

  1. Be tenacious despite disappointment

There are incalculable disappointments remaining among us and our objectives. A portion of these disappointments are unavoidable, while others are of our own creation: botches, mishaps, outer conditions, or tarrying, for instance. Regardless, we will confront disappointment on our approach to accomplishing objectives.

In any case, sincerely astute people and the best programming designers endure, paying little heed to any disappointment they experience. Genuinely shrewd individuals realize how to function through disappointment since they’re equipped for controlling their feelings, remaining positive under tension, and quieting themselves in the midst of vexation.

Disregarding that, on the off chance that we offer approach to compulsiveness, we will in general dread missteps. We’re additionally bound to alter objectives to make them simpler when we face misfortunes, just as draw out hesitation – in light of the fact that we can’t come up short at something we haven’t began. Utilizing enthusiastic knowledge to battle disappointment includes self-guideline as well as requires creating or fortifying resolve.

At the point when we have certainty that objectives are feasible, we can allow ourselves to be flawed.

Creating determination can help ease perfectionistic propensities and thought designs by developing self-assurance. Individuals who accept they can achieve something advantageous outflank the individuals who suspect something. At the point when we have certainty that specific objectives are feasible, we can allow ourselves to be flawed in light of the fact that we accept we’re fit for accomplishment paying little mind to hindrances en route.

Once more, in programming advancement, you have to acknowledge defect. While being available to disappointment is baffling, rehearsing the flop quick technique permits advancement groups to discover and address deserts sooner. That implies less bugs go into creation, which prompts excellent, creation prepared programming.

The story of a depressed Teen

I don’t know why am I failing everytime. Is it my overconfidence or lack of confidence. I don’t have a luck or I have a bad luck. Every exam I gave till now is a failure. It’s definitely my lack of work and trying nothing and waiting for the luck. If I can’t do then, it’s better if I hope for the luck, but I can do if I wanna do but still I do nothing and blame it on luck.

I am too depressed to hear it and trying to be happy but my mind is revolving around it. I can’t do anything from moving on. If it’s one failure then it would be easier but failure after failure is hitting me back without time for me to recover. My mother tried to figure out that I am sad even though I tried to cover my face up. That’s what may be true love meant. My heart is aching and I can’t believe the fact that I failed and I am slowly loosing confidence in me and reaching to a fatal state.

I have no one to tell and trying to reduce my pain by writing here. I am hoping to regain my confidence back because that’s only thing that make us sustain in this cruel world. I had thought of many times to work hard and it remained as a thought itself. Lot of failures had surrounded me and the test that I attempted are merely a train of failures. I blame it on luck and again stopped to work hard. I realised that the only thing that I had to do is hard work and there is no short cut.

I have a fear of failure and if I fail then I can easily blame it to some other reason and escape from that blame on me. If I can’t work then I don’t get a work. All these days I believed in luck by working nothing. I will work because I never saw these many failures. If I couldn’t work now then definitely I will loose my confidence and will treat me as a failure. Hope atleast I will work from now. Hope I would have a better future if I work in a featured manner.

Proof as to verification of Digital Signature

What is an Digital Signature ?
It is evident that the cognizance of the concept of E-signature has sprouted in different modern state legislations, giving meaning & moulding its definition to be accustomed to its socio-political structural norms. Below are a few definitions devised by foreign legislative assemblies.
In order to ascertain whether a signature, writing or seal is that of the person by whom it purports to have been written or made, any signature, writing, or seal admitted or proved to the satisfaction of the Court to have been written or made by that person may be compared with the one which is to be proved, although that signature, writing, or seal has not been produced or proved for any other purpose.

Section 73A In order to ascertain whether a digital signature is that of the person by whom it purports to have been affixed, the court may direct-
that person or the Controller or the Certifying Authority to produce the Digital Signature Certificate,
any other person to apply the public key listed in the Digital Signature Certificate and verify the digital signature purported to have been affixed by the person.
Explanation.- For the purpose of this section “Controller” means the Controller appointed under sub-section (1) of section 17 of the Information Technology Act, 2000.] This section consists of two parts. First part provides for comparison of signature, writing, figure etc. purporting to have been written or made by a person with other admitted or proved signature, writing, figure etc. by the court to have been written signed or made by the same person. Second part empowers the court to direct the person to appear before it and to give his specimen signature or writing for the purpose of evaluating the disputed signature, writing, figure etc.
Indian law has recognised digital signatures, or e-signatures, under the Information Technology Act, 2000 (IT Act) for over 16 years. With its increased emphasis on improving the ease of doing business; streamlining the storage of records; and improving the safety, security, and cost- effectiveness of records, the Government of India has promoted the use of digital technologies by Indian citizens and corporations. As a result, there has been a recent increase in the use of e-signatures, with more and more services using them. This, in part, is due to the government’s focus on enabling electronic transactions using Aadhaar, the unique identification number issued by the Indian government to all Indian residents. Indian law treats electronic signatures as equivalent to physical signatures, subject to a few exceptions, and generally allows documents to be signed using e-signatures. However, the e-signature must satisfy a number of conditions, and certain checks must be done before it can be relied upon.

Section 73: Penalty for publishing electronic Signature Certificate false in certain particulars
(a) No person shall publish a Electronic Signature Certificate or otherwise make it available to any other person with the knowledge that the Certifying Authority listed in the certificate has not issued it,
(b) the subscriber listed in the certificate has not accepted it,
(c) the certificate has been revoked or suspended, unless such publication is for the purpose of verifying a digital signature created prior to such suspension or revocation
Any person who contravenes the provisions of sub-section (1) shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees, or with both.
Background
The concepts of E-signatures and digital signatures are results of gaining eminence of revolution of information technology which embarked its journey from the late 18th century. Many states with evolving times have given due recognition to its applicability & operationality in their jurisdictions.
In the US, before the proclamation of the “American Civil War” in 1861, the usage of the Morse Code had been primarily for espionage purposes but was also intended for the enforceability of contracts. The first landmark judgment accepting the enforceability of telegraphic messages as electronic signatures was observed by the New Hampshire Supreme Court.
Thereafter there has been a flurry of modern legislation in western states such as in Canada, US, Russia, China, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Singapore, UK & gradually all across the globe.
In 1996 the United Nations with a majority passing resolution enacted UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce. In 2001, UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures was passed which has been adopted by 30 states in their jurisdictions. The most recent step towards the international recognition of E-signature is the United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts, 2005, which gives the option to the contracting parties to give effect to the agreement by E-signature subject to the condition that a reliable method is used to identify & indicate the intention of the parties.
The first agreement signed electronically by two sovereign nations was a Joint Communique recognizing the growing importance of the promotion of electronic commerce, signed by the United States and Ireland in 1998.
Conclusion
While technically a Tiered E-Signature Legal Model Country, India has not created specific technical requirements, procedures and practices to implement a QES (Qualified Electronic Signature, or ‘Secure Electronic Signature’ in the Indian legal definition) system. Therefore, no practical application of QES in India exists. In practice, a hard requirement for a theoretical QES would only apply to the limited use case exceptions already discussed if such a signature type existed. The Government of India has introduced a new QES whereby the person who has an official identity card issued by the Government (Aadhar) is able to authenticate a document using the Aadhar eKYC services. Through the interface provided by the Application Service Provider (ASP), users can apply electronic signatures on any electronic content by authenticating themselves through biometric or OTP using Trusted Third Party (TTP) Aadhaar eKYC services through an eSign Service Provider. The interfaces are provided to users on a variety of devices such as computer, mobile phone etc. At the backend, the eSign service provider facilitates key pair generation and the Certifying Authority issues a Digital Signature Certificate. The eSign Service Provider facilitates creation of the Digital Signature of the user for the document which will be applied to the document on acceptance by the user.