Eduindex News

Eduindex News is an online news platform that provides updates and insights on the education sector in India and globally. It covers various aspects of education, including:

1. _Education Policy_: Updates on government policies, reforms, and initiatives in the education sector.
2. _University News_: News and updates from universities, colleges, and institutions across India and globally.
3. _Admissions_: Information on admission procedures, deadlines, and requirements for various courses and programs.
4. _Exams_: Updates on entrance exams, board exams, and competitive exams, including tips and preparation strategies.
5. _Career Guidance_: Advice and guidance on career options, job opportunities, and professional development.
6. _Education Technology_: News and updates on ed-tech innovations, tools, and platforms transforming the education landscape.
7. _Research and Innovation_: Highlights of research initiatives, innovations, and breakthroughs in various fields of study.
8. _International Education_: News and updates on study abroad opportunities, scholarships, and collaborations between institutions.
Eduindex News aims to provide accurate, reliable, and timely information to students, educators, and stakeholders in the education sector. It also offers expert opinions, analysis, and insights to help readers make informed decisions.
Features:
1. _User-friendly interface_: Easy navigation and search functionality.
2. _Regular updates_: Fresh news and updates daily.
3. _Categorized content_: News organized by categories for easy access.
4. _Expert opinions_: Insights from education experts and thought leaders.
5. _Social media presence_: Active presence on social media platforms for wider reach.
By following Eduindex News, readers can stay informed about the latest developments in the education sector, making it an essential resource for anyone interested in education.

Eduindex News: Global Education News from Campuses Worldwide

 Eduindex News (www.eduindex.org) is a prominent platform dedicated to bringing the latest updates and insights from educational institutions across the globe. As a reliable source of information, Eduindex News covers a wide array of topics that resonate with students, educators, researchers, and policymakers.

This platform offers in-depth coverage of campus news, including academic achievements, research breakthroughs, and educational events. Whether it’s the unveiling of new academic programs, collaborations between universities, or policy changes affecting education, Eduindex News ensures that readers stay informed about the latest trends and developments.

Eduindex News also highlights the voices of students and educators by featuring interviews, opinion pieces, and expert analyses. By providing a global perspective on education, the platform bridges the gap between institutions from different regions, fostering a better understanding of the diverse approaches to learning and teaching.

With a commitment to delivering accurate and timely news, Eduindex News has become a go-to resource for anyone interested in education-related topics. Its focus on global coverage ensures that readers can gain insights into the evolving landscape of education, making it an essential platform for staying connected with educational trends worldwide.

Navigating the Educational Landscape: Top Ten Educational News Portals

 In the digital age, staying informed about the latest trends, developments, and innovations in education is essential for educators, students, parents, and policymakers alike. Educational news portals serve as invaluable resources, providing timely updates, insightful analyses, and thought-provoking content on a wide range of topics in the field of education. Here, we explore ten educational news portals, including the esteemed Eduindex, that are shaping the discourse and driving innovation in education:

  1. Eduindex:
    Eduindex stands out as a comprehensive educational news portal that covers a diverse array of topics, including higher education, research, technology, and policy. With its user-friendly interface and wide-ranging content, Eduindex offers in-depth articles, research insights, and news updates curated by experts in the field. From scholarly publications to practical resources for educators, Eduindex serves as a go-to destination for anyone seeking to stay abreast of the latest developments in education.

  2. Education Week:
    Education Week is a renowned source of news, analysis, and commentary on K-12 education policy and practice. With its team of journalists and contributors, Education Week covers a broad spectrum of topics, including curriculum, assessment, teacher professional development, and educational equity. Through its articles, reports, and multimedia content, Education Week provides valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities facing the education sector.

  3. Inside Higher Ed:
    Inside Higher Ed offers comprehensive coverage of higher education news, policy, and trends. With a focus on colleges, universities, and academic research, Inside Higher Ed delivers timely updates on issues such as tuition, student debt, faculty governance, and academic freedom. Through its news articles, opinion pieces, and investigative reports, Inside Higher Ed fosters informed discourse and debate within the higher education community.

  4. Chronicle of Higher Education:
    The Chronicle of Higher Education is a respected source of news and analysis for academia and higher education professionals. With its in-depth reporting, opinion columns, and data-driven insights, The Chronicle covers a wide range of topics, including academic leadership, campus culture, student demographics, and global trends in higher education. Through its print and digital publications, The Chronicle remains a vital resource for scholars, administrators, and policymakers.

  5. EdSurge:
    EdSurge is a leading platform for news, analysis, and resources on education technology and innovation. With its focus on edtech startups, classroom tools, and emerging trends, EdSurge provides educators and administrators with insights into the transformative potential of technology in education. Through its articles, product reviews, and events, EdSurge fosters collaboration and knowledge sharing among edtech stakeholders.

  6. The Hechinger Report:
    The Hechinger Report is an independent, nonprofit news organization that covers inequality and innovation in education. Through its investigative journalism, data analysis, and multimedia storytelling, The Hechinger Report examines issues such as educational access, school funding, and learning outcomes. With a commitment to equity and social justice, The Hechinger Report sheds light on the challenges facing underserved communities and highlights promising practices for improvement.

  7. Edutopia:
    Edutopia, sponsored by the George Lucas Educational Foundation, is a trusted source of resources and inspiration for educators. With its focus on evidence-based teaching strategies, project-based learning, and social-emotional learning, Edutopia offers practical guidance for educators seeking to enhance student engagement and achievement. Through its articles, videos, and professional development materials, Edutopia promotes innovation and excellence in education.

  8. Education Dive:
    Education Dive is a digital publication that provides news, analysis, and insights for education industry professionals. Covering topics such as education policy, edtech trends, and workforce development, Education Dive offers a curated selection of articles, newsletters, and reports to keep readers informed about the latest developments shaping the education landscape. With its focus on industry trends and market dynamics, Education Dive serves as a valuable resource for education leaders and decision-makers.

  9. Campus Technology:
    Campus Technology is a leading source of news and information on technology in higher education. With its coverage of IT trends, digital learning strategies, and campus innovation, Campus Technology provides higher education professionals with insights into the role of technology in teaching, learning, and administration. Through its articles, case studies, and events, Campus Technology facilitates knowledge sharing and collaboration among educators and technologists.

  10. National Education Association (NEA) Today:
    NEA Today, published by the National Education Association, offers news, features, and resources for educators and education advocates. With a focus on K-12 education policy, classroom practices, and professional development, NEA Today provides educators with practical tips, lesson plans, and advocacy tools to support teaching and learning. Through its commitment to promoting excellence in education and advancing the interests of educators, NEA Today remains a trusted source of information for teachers and school leaders.

In conclusion, these ten educational news portals, including Eduindex, play a vital role in informing and shaping the discourse on education. From K-12 to higher education, from policy to practice, these portals offer a wealth of resources, insights, and perspectives to educators, students, policymakers, and stakeholders across the education ecosystem. By staying informed and engaged with the latest developments in education, we can work together to create a brighter future for learners of all ages and backgrounds.

Breaking Boundaries in Education: The Latest from Eduindex News

 In an era defined by rapid technological advancements and evolving educational paradigms, staying updated with the latest news and trends in the field of education is imperative. Enter Eduindex News, your go-to portal for insightful analysis, groundbreaking research, and thought-provoking articles covering all aspects of the educational landscape.

Eduindex News is not just another news platform; it’s a dynamic hub that bridges the gap between educators, students, policymakers, and stakeholders worldwide. With a commitment to fostering dialogue and innovation, Eduindex News provides a platform for voices from diverse backgrounds to share their expertise and perspectives on the most pressing issues facing education today.

From cutting-edge research breakthroughs to innovative teaching methodologies, Eduindex News covers a wide array of topics designed to inform, inspire, and empower its readers. Whether you’re interested in the latest trends in online learning, the impact of artificial intelligence on education, or strategies for promoting inclusivity in the classroom, you’ll find it all on Eduindex News.

One of the hallmarks of Eduindex News is its dedication to promoting global collaboration and knowledge exchange. Through partnerships with leading educational institutions, think tanks, and organizations, Eduindex News facilitates the dissemination of best practices and emerging trends across borders. By fostering an interconnected community of educators and learners, Eduindex News seeks to drive positive change and innovation in education on a global scale.

But Eduindex News isn’t just about reporting the news; it’s about sparking meaningful conversations and driving action. Through its opinion pieces, interviews, and editorials, Eduindex News challenges conventional wisdom, encourages critical thinking, and advocates for policies that promote equity, accessibility, and excellence in education. Whether it’s advocating for increased investment in STEM education or calling for reforms to address systemic inequalities, Eduindex News isn’t afraid to tackle the tough issues head-on.

In addition to its regular news coverage, Eduindex News also offers a range of resources and tools for educators, students, and lifelong learners. From curated reading lists to educational webinars and workshops, Eduindex News is committed to supporting the professional development and growth of all those involved in the field of education.

As we navigate an ever-changing educational landscape, staying informed and engaged is more important than ever. Whether you’re a seasoned educator, a curious student, or simply passionate about the future of education, Eduindex News has something for you. Join us as we explore the latest developments, share best practices, and work together to shape the future of learning. Together, we can break boundaries and create a brighter future for education, one headline at a time.

President of India Graces 12th Convocation of Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University

 The President of India, Smt Droupadi Murmu graced and addressed the 12th convocation of Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University at Baripada, Odisha today (May 6, 2023). 

Speaking on the occasion, the President said that Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University has made a unique identity in the field of higher education and research in a short span of its history.

The President appreciated the University for establishing the ‘Sacred Grove’ in its campus with the aim to preserve the bedrock of tribal practices and cultural traditions. She said that the ‘Sacred Grove’ is important for the conservation of environment and local biodiversity. It is also one of the best examples of community-based management of natural resources.

The President said that the world is facing huge challenges of global warming and climate change. India has set an example for the world to adopt a nature-friendly lifestyle, which is called Lifestyle for the Environment or LiFE. In our tradition, it is believed that trees, plants, mountains, rivers all have life and not only humans but also all living beings are children of nature. Therefore, it is the duty of all human beings to live in harmony with nature. She said that the Similipal National Park located in this region holds a globally important place in terms of biodiversity. She expressed confidence that the students and teachers of the university would find a way to protect biodiversity through their research and innovation.

Addressing the graduating students, the President said that receiving degree does not mean that education process has been completed. Education is a continuous process. She said that after getting higher education some of them would do a job, some would do business and some would also do research but thinking of giving a job is better than thinking of doing a job. She was happy to note that this University has set up an Incubation Centre and provides assistance to the students, alumni and common people in setting up start-ups.

The President said that competition is an inevitable side of life. One has to face competition in every walk of life. She said that students should always keep trying to succeed in the competition and for that they should keep acquiring higher skills and move towards greater efficiency. They can turn the impossible into possible with their will-power. 

The President said that competition is a natural side of life, but cooperation is the beautiful side of life. She told students that while moving forward in life, when they would look back, they would find that some people of the society are not very capable of competing with them. She advised students to hold the hands of deprived ones and bring them forward. She said that a healthy society can be built through generosity and cooperation. She urged students to think not only of their own happiness and interest but also about the welfare of the society and country.

***

Telangana: Forester finds new waterfall in Asifabad

A new waterfall plunging about 60 meters has come to light in the forests of Tiryani mandal, a remote area in Kumaram Bheem Asifabad forest division, Telangana after a forester on foot patrol on a new route made the chance discovery. 

The waterfall, which is now named Bison Waterfall, was discovered in Ginnedhari forest range by the forester a few days ago and is about 2km from the popular Gundala waterfalls.

Ginnedhari forest range officer (FRO) Thodishetty Pranay said he spotted the waterfall while perambulating in the forest. “While I was patrolling the area I happened to take a new route to see what lies ahead. After trekking for about 5km, I was surprised to discover this natural wonder that cascades down from around 60 meters.”

The FRO said even the tribal population in the area said they were unaware of the spot when he enquired with them.

“We decided to name it Bison Waterfall after noticing a huge rock adjacent to it resembling the head of a bison. There is also a deep gorge suitable for adventure tourism and can be added to the adventure tourism circuit of Asifabad forest division by taking some precautions to ensure there is no negative impact on local environment,” said Pranay.

The forest areas of Kumaram Bheem Asifabad district are primarily known for the presence of tiger population, some rare species of birds among other flora and fauna.

Give Data on Number of Deaths Due to Oxygen Shortage During 2nd Wave, Centre Tells States

The central government wrote to the states and sought data on the number of deaths that took place due to lack of oxygen during the second Covid-19 wave. The data will be collated and presented in Parliament before the monsoon session ends on August 13.

“We have been getting repeated questions on oxygen deaths in the parliament ” a govt official told CNN-News18.

Last week, responding to a question on the acute shortage of oxygen during the second wave of the pandemic, the Health Ministry had said in Rajya Sabha that “no deaths due to lack of oxygen have been specifically reported by States and Union Territories.”

Delhi Health Minister Satyendar Jain had then said that there have been several deaths because of oxygen shortage in Delhi and other places across the country.

The second wave had seen several private hospitals across the country, especially the national capital, take to twitter with SOS messages pointing out acute shortage of oxygen and demanding urgent help.

21.5 million lost jobs in tourism sector, says Centre

Significant job loss due to lockdown, Tourism Minister tells Rajya Sabha.

With the tourism industry among the hardest hit due to the pandemic, it is estimated that about 21.5 million people working in the sector lost their jobs during the nine-month period from April 2020-December 2020, as per the data shared by the government recently.

In a written reply to the Rajya Sabha, Tourism Minister G. Kishan Reddy said a significant number of jobs were lost in the tourism sector once the lockdown was implemented.

“About 14.5 million jobs during Q1, 5.2 million during Q2 and 1.8 million jobs during Q3 were expected to have been lost as compared to estimated 34.8 million jobs in the pre-pandemic period of 2019-20,” the Minister said.

Mr. Reddy said this was one of the key findings of the study done by the National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) for the Ministry of Tourism to assess the extent of losses to the sector.

As per the report, due to overall economic slowdown during 2020-21, tourism economy or tourism direct gross value added (TDGVA) saw a fall of 42.8% in April-June 2020, 15.5% in July-September 2020 and fall of 1.1% in October-December 2020.

“Due to significant drop in tourist arrivals and hence tourism expenditure, during the pandemic, it is estimated that TDGVA plummeted by as much as 93.3% in Q1 of 2020-21 over its level in the same quarter of previous year,” the Minister stated, adding that it picked up slightly to post a decline of 79.5% and 64.3% in second quarter and third quarter respectively.

However, Mr. Reddy added that the Tourism Ministry did not maintain data on revenue generated from tourism.

Replying to another query, the Minister said no formal study had been instituted by the Ministry to assess whether the movement of people from all States increased at tourist places, which might raise fears of the increase in COVID-19 positive cases after the second wave.

Further, Mr. Reddy said that as per the Bureau of Immigration, the number of foreign tourist arrivals in India stood at 10.93 million in 2019, declining to 2.74 million in 2020 and about 0.42 million till June 2021.

According to the data compiled by the Ministry of Tourism, domestic tourist visits during the calendar year 2019 stood at 2321.98 million and in 2020 at 610.21 million.

Shilpa Shetty, Raj Kundra and their company Viaan Industries fined Rs 3 lakh by SEBI in insider trading case

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has imposed a penalty of Rs 3 lakh on Bollywood actor Shilpa Shetty Kundra, her businessman husband Raj Kundra and their company Viaan Industries for violating insider trading rules.

Kundra, Shetty and Viaan have been fined for a three-year delay in the disclosure of an allotment of preferential shares.

In 2015, Viaan Industries had made a preferential allotment of 500,000 equity shares. Of this 1.28 lakh equity shares each were allotted to Kundra (referred to as Ripu Sudan Kundra) and Shetty, the promoters of the company.

According to SEBI’s Prohibition of Insider Trading Rules, 2015, the promoters had to disclose this transaction to the company within two days if it exceeded Rs 10 lakh in value. The company, in turn, has to relay this disclosure to the stock exchanges within two trading days.

In this case, SEBI said the value of the transaction was Rs 2.57 crore each and the disclosures pertaining to the 2015 transaction were made only in 2019.

In reply to a notice from the regulator, Shetty and Kundra acknowledged the mistake and said it was not done with malafide intent.

However, the SEBI adjudicating officer Suresh B Menon refused this explanation and imposed a fine.

Moneycontrol has reached out to Shetty and this copy will be updated when she replies.

Kundra could not be reached as he is police custody in an unrelated case. He was arrested on July 19 for allegedly making, publishing, and distributing pornography. Earlier a Mumbai court rejected his bail plea.

Billionaire Investor Rakesh Jhunjhunwala Plans Ultra-Low Cost Airline

Billionaire investor Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is planning on having 70 aircraft within four years for a new airline he wants to set up in India on optimism more people will travel by air.

Mr Jhunjhunwala, who is considering investing $35 million and would own 40% of the carrier, expects to get a no-objection certificate from India’s aviation ministry in the next 15 days, he said in a Bloomberg Television interview Wednesday.

The ultra-low cost airline will be called Akasa Air and the team, which includes a former senior executive of Delta Air Lines Inc., is looking at planes that can carry 180 passengers, he said.

It’s a bold bet by Mr Jhunjhunwala, who’s known locally as India’s Warren Buffett, in a market that has seen some airlines collapse in the face of intense fare wars and high costs. Still, what was once the world’s fastest-growing aviation market holds an allure and Jhunjhunwala is looking at opportunities to woo flyers with a brand new carrier offering low fares.

“For the culture of a company to be frugal you’ve to start off fresh,” Mr Jhunjhunwala said. “I’m very, very bullish on India’s aviation sector in terms of demand.”

Even before the pandemic, airlines in India were struggling. Kingfisher Airlines Ltd., once the country’s second-largest domestic carrier, ended operations in 2012, and Jet Airways India Ltd., which was recently approved to fly again, collapsed in 2019.

While demand for air travel has been hit globally, India’s aviation industry is at greater risk of delayed recovery as the threat of a third wave of infections looms. Airlines are feeling the impact.

Vistara, which Singapore Airlines Ltd. jointly owns with conglomerate Tata Group, is in discussions with Boeing Co. and Airbus SE to delay aircraft deliveries and make changes to the payment timetables. IndiGo, India’s largest airline, reported a wider-than-anticipated loss as Covid disruption crimped its revenue.

That’s not deterring Mr Jhunjhunwala, who according to Forbes has an estimated net worth of about $4.6 billion.

“I think some of the increment players may not recover,” he said. “I’ve got some of the best airline people in the world as my partners.”

Telangana: Want to Resume physical classes for primary students….!!!

With many states planning to start physical classes only for high school students, managements and teachers said that it is much more important to resume physical classes for primary students, as many of them unable to follow virtual classes.

They said that offline classes should be conducted at least two days a week for primary students. “Even as per ICMR, the impact of Covid-19 on children under the age group of 10 is much less when compared with elder children and adults. Why not start physical classes for them as well,” V Amarnath, director.

“These students are unable to concentrate, their confidence is low and communication skills have been impacted,” he said, adding that holistic development of a child has been impacted overall. Teachers said that physical classes should be resumed for all children in August within a gap of 10-15 days and all students should get to attend offline classes on alternate days.

“Now, almost all teachers are vaccinated. The same is the case with parents. So the risk of children spreading Covid seems to be comparatively lower. However, the state should provide sanitation, medical staff and allocate sufficient budget to follow Covid protocols in schools. By following all norms, physical classes should be started,” said M Ravinder, a government teacher, adding students are already facing memory and conceptual loss.

Parents agreed that it is a matter of urgency to resume physical classes, although they said that the same cannot be done in a haste.

The government should form a committee and study the impact of reopening of schools. They need to communicate with parents, explain what to expect and give an assurance about their children and family members’ safety.

France moves India to amber list from red

France has decided to remove India from the red list to amber as COVID cases decreased in India. The French government has classified amber-listed countries as nations where there is active circulation of the virus in controlled proportions, without further spread. After this news, VFS centres in Delhi and Mumbai have now opened and are accepting all visa categories. Also for kids, there won’t be any quarantine mandate in France.

Protocols to be followed

1) Fully vaccinated travellers holding a valid C-type Schengen visa for 3-5 years, can travel without any restriction to France. But the travellers must be vaccinated with any EMA-approved vaccines, which are Pfizer/ Comirnaty, Moderna, AstraZeneca/Vaxzevria/Covishield.

2) Passengers must travel after seven days of getting their second vaccine shot.

3) Travellers need to have proof of vaccination status. They must also have a attest statement saying they don’t have any infection symptoms.

4) The restriction will be applicable to unvaccinated travellers as well as those vaccinated with unapproved (yet) vaccines including Covaxin.

5) Those with ‘talent passports’, (students and researchers), fall under the list of compelling reasons. So they are allowed to travel to France. But they need to show their negative PCR test not older than 72 hours. A negative antigen test, not older than 48 hours before departure, is also acceptable.

Andhra Pradesh college gets permission to offer engineering in Telugu

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) gave its consent for the NRI Institute of Technology, a private autonomous engineering college in Krishna district, to introduce the programme in Telugu.

It is the only institution in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to get the permission for BTech Telugu medium with a 60-student intake into the computer science engineering stream.

In all, the AICTE allowed 14 engineering colleges across the country to offer the engineering programmes in Hindi, Tamil, Telugu and other native languages from the 2021-22 academic year.

The move is expected to provide a level playing field for the students, particularly from the rural and tribal areas who have studied in their native languages since childhood.

One of the major recommendations of the National Education Policy 2020 is to promote regional languages in education.

While the NEET exam is currently being conducted in 11 languages, the Union Ministry of Education is holding the JEE (Main) in 13 languages.

Speaking to TOI, principal, NRI Institute of Technology, Dr C Naga Bhaskar, said that the AICTE has chosen the 14 autonomous and NAAC- and NBA-accredited colleges to give permission to offer engineering courses in native languages.

Students to have option of Telugu, Eng for exams

“The move would definitely improve the grasp, creativity, and comprehension levels of the students. Several advanced countries like Japan, Germany and China impart education in their mother tongue. Students would be given the option of writing exams in Telugu or English. The Board of Studies of our college will finalise the syllabus and other components of the programme,” said Dr Bhaskar.

Dr Bhaskar said that it is generally believed that the English medium students would be in an advantageous position compared to their Telugu counterparts. “But, several exams like NEET, JEE and UPSP are currently being conducted in various regional languages. It may be further extended to exams like the engineering services examination in the coming years. This would give an impetus to professional education in local languages,” said Dr Bhaskar.

In a recent Facebook post titled ‘Engineering courses in mother language – A step in the right direction’, posted in 11 Indian languages Vice-President M Venkaiah Naidu lauded the move of 14 engineering colleges across eight states to offer engineering courses in regional language. “It is my desire to see the day when all vocational and professional courses like engineering, medicine and law are taught in mother languages,” said the Vice-President in the post.

Scuba diving academy to come up at Chintapalli in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh

Here is some good news for all the watersport lovers in Vizag. A scuba diving academy will be coming up soon in the district, at Chintapalli. The city of beaches has been into the watersports trend, with activities like kayaking, snorkeling, jet skiing and scuba diving. Among these four, scuba diving is the more popular watersport. This watersport is not available at places in India such as Goa, Pondicherry, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. But fortunately, Vizag has adopted this highly thrilling and mesmerising underwater activity. 

Taking a big step towards promoting tourism in Vizag, a scuba diving academy at Chintapalli village in Visakhapatnam District. The academy will be started by Livein Adventures, a Vizag-based adventure sports firm, which operates water sports activities in the city with the support of the Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (APTDC). This will be a first-of-its-kind scuba diving academy in Andhra Pradesh and one among very few such academies in India. The academy will come up on four acres of land at chintapalli and will be built at an estimated budget of Rs 2 crore. 

Speaking to Yo! Vizag, Balaram Naidu, of Livein Adventures, revealed, “The academy will have courses on basic diving, kayaking, and boating from October 2021. The courses will range from two days to 6 months in duration. Interested individuals, swimmers and non-swimmers, will be able to take globally certified courses on open water diving, rescue diving and advanced diving.” 

Tribals demand power supply in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh

Tribals in villages under non-scheduled areas of Ravikamatam and koyyuru mandala in Visakhapatnam district on Friday protested, demanding power connection to their Hamlet’s.

President of the Primitive Tribals Group, koyyuru mandal, korra Mahesh said people living in Hamlet’s under Chimalapadu panchayat under Ravikamatam have been demanding for power connections for the past three years.