Day: June 27, 2020

A brief look at the history of the Leaning Tower of Pisa

Monuments, a reminder of proud heritage or history as well as architectural wonders, they are present throughout the world. These sites are also a source of revenue for their respective cities or towns. Most of the monuments that fall under the category of architectural wonders are tourist places with a lot of monetary value, people tend to visit them to gaze upon the marvelous creations of man. One such monument is the leaning tower of Pisa. In 1990, the Italian government enlisted the help of the world’s finest engineers to stabilize the famous leaning tower. There have been many attempts in its 800-year history but this one was a race against time as the tower had already leaned on to a 5.5 degree whereas it had been projected that the tower would topple should it reach an angle of 5.44. It was a miracle that the tower was still standing but the crisis was still imminent.  

In the 12th century famous maritime town of Pisa, set about to turn its cathedral square to a magnificent landmark. So, in 1173, construction began on a free-standing campanile or bell tower and while the engineers and architects of the time were masters of their craft, they knew far less about the soil that they stood on. Pisa’s name had a Greek origin which meant “marshy land”, which clearly describes the clay, mud, and wet sand composition below the city’s surface. With a three-meter foundation to support the structure, it was no surprise that within less than five years the tower’s southern side began to sink beneath the surface. Such a mistake should normally have been a fatal flaw however, the construction halted for nearly a century while the tower was at the fourth story due to prolonged warfare that descended onto Pisa.  This long pause allowed the soil beneath the tower to settle and when the construction resumed in 1272, the workers saw the structure to be on slightly more stable ground. Under the guidance of architect Giovanni de Simone, the workers compensated the minor tilt by making the southern side slightly taller. But due to the extra weight of the masonry, the southern side continued to tilt even further. And by this time the tilt had increased to 1.6 degrees. For centuries engineers tried numerous strategies to address the lean, they even tried to dig a walkway to examine the sunken foundation but the removal of the supporting sand only worsened the problem, and thus with many such failed attempts all the engineers managed to do was worsen the ever-increasing tilt. However, in the years following WWII, researchers developed tests to examine the problem whereas, in 1970, engineers finally managed to calculate the center of gravity of the tower. Thus, with the modern tools at hand, the engineers could finally address the real problem and calculate different ways in order to stabilize the monument. They finally calculated the amount of excavation needed to stop the tilting of the monument and in 1992, a team drilled diagonal tunnels to remove 38 cubic meters of soil from underneath the tower’s north end, and temporarily balanced its weight with 600 tonnes of lead ingots and subsequently anchoring the base with steel cables. Thus, nearly six centuries after the completion of the tower, it had finally been straightened…to a tilt of about 4 degrees. The Italians didn’t want the tower to fall but they also didn’t want to lose the landmark’s most iconic feature. Today the tower stands at about 56 meters height and according to the estimates made by the engineers of the project, it should remain standing for another 300 years or so.

This is the tale of the monument that stands to show the beauty in imperfection. As Haruki Murakami wrote, “Don’t pointless things have a place too, in this far-from-perfect world”.

In Delhi Serological Survey Conduct for COVID 19……

In Delhi the cases of corona patients crosses 75,000 remark. And day by day the situation is going into critical phase. For the combat through it, Delhi government announced to conduct Serological Survey. In this survey basically government tries to investigate the movement of Corona patients before their report comes. Also young citizens also traced down.

Delhi will conduct 20,000 survey from today to 10 July.This will be a comprehensive assessment of the spread of virus in the state. It also helps govt to make a strategy for draw up this stage of contamination of virus.Survey can be used on people who have already been tested positive for the virus or even those who are asymptomatic, and can reveal insights on immunity against Covid-19.

This test is conducted jointly by the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and Delhi government, to get down to a comprehensive analysis of coronavirus in Delhi. This Survey ‘s plan comes after the meeting of central home Minister Amit Shah with Delhi cheif minister Arvind Kejriwal.

This type of Survey may be help in decreasing the no of corona patients and also for finding the no of hidden peoples who have this virus but they are not aware about it. This types of tactics are aimed for the control of this pandemic disease. We should support this types of plan and also follow all the guidelines related to this too……

This too shall pass away

Art thou in misery, brother? Then I pray
Be comforted. Thy grief shall pass away.
Art thou elated? Ah, be not too gay;
Temper thy joy: this, too, shall pass away.
Art thou in danger? Still let reason sway,
And cling to hope: this, too, shall pass away.
Tempted art thou? In all thine anguish lay
One truth to heart: this, too, shall pass away.
Do rays of loftier glory round the play?
Kinglike art thou? This, too, shall pass away!
Whate’er thou art, where’er thy footsteps stray,
Heed these wise words: This, too, shall pass away.


Paul Hayne’s poem won wide popularity in his own day; and it has kept circulating ever since, continuing its influence on the afflicted, the distraught, the discouraged. Every now and then it makes a tour of the newspapers, or is featured in magazines. Sometimes it appears with a different title, or with lines changed to suit the times, or with verses added or subtracted. Many other poets have used the same theme, before and since; and occasionally a hodgepodge of verses from various sources is collected and published as “anonymous” or “author unknown.” But the philosophy is always the same, and always helpful to the troubled or despairing. This, too, shall pass away.


When Ray Stannard Baker was Ill and in great pain, he remembered the famous phrase and found it comforting. He wrote in his notebook: “Nothing lasts-not even pain.”


When Stevenson was suffering bodily torment, weakened and wearied by the long struggle against tuberculosis, he kept reminding himself of the famous phrase, hoping each morning would find him better. It helped him to put his suffering out of his mind, helped him to keep writing. “A chapter a day I mean to do,” he wrote to his friend William E.Henley- a man whose brand of courage matched his own.


When Lincoln was forced to endure the hatred of millions because of his steadfast loyalty to purpose and principles, when he was bitterly reviled and condemned for refusing to consider an unjust peace, he reminded himself that this, too, would pass in time … and that with God’s help he would weather the storm.


Countless other stories could be told of this inspiring phrase, these five magic words which legend says were engraved by wise men on a monarch’s ring many centuries ago. They are comforting words for all of us to remember in times of trial or trouble in times of hardship or affliction. When nothing else helps, it is comforting to know that no pain or grief can last forever, that whatever burden may be – this, too, shall pass away.


Taken from Light from many lamps by Lillian Eichler Watson.

How Emotional Intelligence contributes to IQ+EQ=SUCCESS.

When we visit our relatives, we often hear this child is so intelligent. But that’s not actually what they are defining. They basically complement the kid’s emotional intelligence and not on their IQ. Emotional intelligence is a slippery topic, people usually have misconceptions about it. We all have different ways to show our emotions and different ways to deal with them too. 

Emotional intelligence or emotional quotient (EQ) is the ability to understand and recognize your emotions and how to deal with numerous emotional situations of an individual. People with high emotional intelligence have more chances to become successful in most aspects of their life. If a job requires emotional labor, it is demanding to be emotionally intelligent.

Characteristics of Emotional Intelligence.

In a book titled “Emotional Intelligence – Why It Can Matter More Than IQ” 1995, Daniel Goleman, an American psychologist, expanded a framework of five components that characterize emotional intelligence:

  • Social skills– People find it attractive to talk with individuals with good social skills. People with emotional intelligence are good communicators too and are excellent in maintaining relationships.
  • Motivation– High emotional intelligence improves motivation. These people are usually motivated and make the surroundings too. These are productive and very effective in whatever they do.
  • Self-regulation– They can easily regulate their emotions which means they can control emotions and can tackle every situation and these think before they act. 
  • Self-awareness– These people understand their emotions and don’t let them rule them. These are super confident and believe in their intuition.

More the emotional intelligence, more maturity.

How to improve?

The biggest mistake that people make is that they are judgemental. They make a judgment without even knowing the whole story. This stuff should be avoided. Put yourself in their situation and then react. Humility can be a good thing and practicing this can make you confident about things. Just give opportunities to outshine others and don’t bother much to get applause for yourself. Self- evaluation also plays a crucial role. Admit your weakness and know where you have to work on in spite of giving false gratification that you’re perfect. In the business world or any other sector, it is highly necessary to be patient. Also taking responsibility, the responsibility of your work, or even hurting someone and apologizing. By being empathic and responding to their feelings we can make them feel comfortable. 

For example, if you ask an employee overtime and even if he agrees you may see a slight disappointment in his voice, so in spite of just ordering and walking off, appreciate his will to work.

What emotional intelligence affects.

Physical health – If you’re unable to manage your emotions probably you may affect your health by suffering from various diseases.

Mental health – Anxiety and depression can be a result of a lack of emotional intelligence.

Relationships – Communicating emotionally can be a booster in a relationship. Lacking this skill can also ruin your relationship.

Social intelligence – Tuning with your emotions may help you connect with the surrounding. Whereas being anti-social may cut your presence and make you feel less loved and less needed.

The basic idea of EQ:

  1. Identify your feelings.
  2. Identify other’s feelings.
  3. And then reacting accordingly.

Yes, of course, IQ matters but EQ enhances the value of IQ and every organization expects employees to be emotionally strong and intelligent.

Useful and widely used language to learn

Intro

The best we have been able to do is to narrow down the timeline for origin of language and studying human phycology to know when we developed mid-brain for language. Magpie is the name given to English language as it has a mix of many languages that picks up word from all other language. Some language has understandably widened vocabulary of English than others. Modern English dictionaries contain more of a geographical melting pot than ever before.

 Global lists that are famous worldwide are listed down. There are some seventy thousand languages in world that are famous worldwide also English has borrowed language from these different languages.  Here goes the list of six such important languages that are spoken worldwide in large number.

CHINESE: 1197 million native speakers

So far it is the widely spoken language in the world. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, Chinese words have been recorded in English since the mid-16th century, with the earliest examples including the likes of tai chi (1736), ginseng (1634), yin and yang (1671), kumquat (1699) and fang shui (1797). One of the earliest of all is lychee (1588). Chinese is a linguistic that is also referred as macro language that comprises many forms to derive a different form and dialects that together have of 1.2 billion native speakers

2. SPANISH: 399 million

Mainly spoken in Mexico, but other part of the world where this language is spoken as a major language is Colombia (41 million) Argentina (38.8 million), and Venezuela (26.3 million). They are many native speakers in the United States of America. In English, Spanish loanwords like weaponry and military in termed as guerrilla, flotilla, armada, machetealso the animals name are as follow like chinchilla, alligator, cockroach, iguana.

3. ENGLISH: 335 million

As per Ethnologies the English language has some 335 million native speakers, that incudes2 55 million in United States itself, 55 million in the United Kingdom and 19 million in Canada. Few other main countries have also 15 million in Australia and 5 million in New Zealand. Though English is spoken in almost every Asian countries of the world and is most wide spread it is recorded to be spoken in 101 different countries and territories worldwide.

Additionally, the number of people that has opted English as a second linguistic Franca included, the total no of speaker could rise globally to one billion.

HINDI: 260 million

Hindi is native language of the world’s 260 million speakers that are mainly found in India and Nepal. Although some 120 million projected people in India uses Hindi as a second language.  Also it is spoken in many part of the world such as in Mauritius, Fiji, Suriname, Guyana, Trinidad & Tobago and Nepal. Hindi is declared to be official language of the union. The Indian constitution in 1950 declared the Devanagari script and made it an official one. However, Parliament decided the use of English for an official purpose was announced fifteen years after the constitution came into effect, i.e. on 26 January 1965.

PORTUGUESE: 203 million

The population of Portugal is around 12 million but Portuguese is enjoyed and spoken in large belt and it has 187 million native speakers. People in many of these countries adopted these languages mainly forcibly and many took it over their own language.  Adopting these languages made it spread too many other communities in a country.

Poverty – A Global Concern

“Overcoming poverty is not a gesture of charity. It is an act of justice. It is the protection of a fundamental human right, the right to dignity and a decent life.” – Nelson Mandela, former President of South Africa.

Poverty is generally considered to be a measure of deprivation of the basic needs that a person, household or community requires to have a basic standard of living. Deprivation can be measured either in terms of a lack of resources (for example: income, other assets), capabilities (such as skills, knowledge, technology) or both. Children who grow up in poverty are more likely to be deprived of having health problems and shorter life expectancy , not attending preschool, dropping out of high school and having lower educational attainment.


People can be said to be in poverty when they are deprived of income and other resources needed to obtain the conditions of life such as diets, material goods, amenities, standards and services that enable them to play the roles, meet the obligations and participate in the relationships and customs of their society. Understanding and addressing poverty requires a dynamic view of how poor people and households fare overtime in terms of income and expenditure thresholds. Hence vulnerability is a risk for a person or a household of falling deep into poverty. The other factors include household demographics (which is the size of the household [number of people], the age structure, the dependency ratio and the geographical location which may be rural or urban) , and individual characteristics (such as a person’s sex, age, employment status, level of educational attainment, property owned and socio-economic profession.)

Poverty has various indications such as lack of income and productive resources sufficient to ensure sustainable livelihoods, hunger and malnutrition, ill health, limited or lack of access to education and other basic services, increased morbidity and mortality from illness, homelessness and inadequate housing, unsafe environments , social discrimination and exclusion and is characterized by lack of participation in decision-making and in civil, social and cultural rights. The root cause of poverty is considered to be the increasing population. Rising population is putting the burden on the resources and budget of countries. Governments are finding difficult to provide food, shelter and employment to the rising population. The other causes include lack of employment opportunities ( people who face situations of unemployment and joblessness are unable to fulfill the basic necessities of their family resulting in poverty), lack of education and skills ( limits people’s ability to access decent jobs to develop themselves and participate fully in society) , war, natural disaster, lack of infrastructure , political instability etc. Natural disasters like flood, earthquake also contribute to poverty.


Poverty encompasses not only material deprivation but also many other forms of deprivations in different aspects of life such as unemployment, ill health, lack of education, vulnerability, powerlessness, social exclusion etc. Hence, poverty should be viewed as the deprivation of basic capabilities rather than merely as low level of income and strong, effective economic and social policies should be taken to eradicate poverty and improve people’s lives and the economic productivity of the country.

Life hacks to be Successful!

Treat Failure Like a Scientist

When a scientist runs an experiment, there are all sorts of results that could happen. Some results are positive and some are negative, but all of them are data points. Each result is a piece of data that can ultimately lead to an answer.

And that’s exactly how a scientist treats failure: as another data point.

This is much different than how society often talks about failure. For most of us, failure feels like an indication of who we are as a person.

Failing a test means you’re not smart enough. Failing to get fit means you’re undesirable. Failing in business means you don’t have what it takes. Failing at art means you’re not creative. And so on.

But for the scientist, a negative result is not an indication that they are a bad scientist. In fact, it’s quite the opposite. Proving a hypothesis wrong is often just as useful as proving it right because you learned something along the way.

Your failures are simply data points that can help lead you to the right answer.

Failure Is the Cost You Pay to Be Right

None of this is to say that you should seek to make mistakes or that failing is fun. Obviously, you’ll try to do things the right way. And failing on something that is important to you is never fun.

But failure will always be part of your growth for one simple reason…

If you’re focused on building a new habit or learning a new skill or mastering a craft  of any type, then you’re basically experimenting in one way or another. And if you run enough experiments, then sometimes you’re going to get a negative result.

It happens to every scientist and it will happen to you and me as well. ‘ Failure is simply a cost you have to pay on the way to being right.’

Treat failure like a scientist. Your failures are not you. Your successes are not you. They are simply data points that help guide the next experiment.

To Boost Happiness, Stack the Pain

Here is an example…

On a normal day, you might have something annoying or painful to do (like paying the bills). And you also might have something good happen to you (like a friend sending you a thoughtful email).

If you read the email on your lunch break and then pay the bills when you get home from work, you will remember your day as going from a good experience to a bad experience. That’s the opposite of what you want.

However, if you decide to stack the pain early in your day — for example, if you pay your bills in the morning before you go to work and then read the email from your friend on your lunch break — you will remember your day as going from bad to good. As a result, you’ll feel happier because your brain likes it when experiences improve as time goes on.

Stacking the Pain for the Long-Term

It’s easy to worry about making the right choices with your life. However, if you choose to pursue things where the pain of the experience is largely in the beginning — like building a business, losing weight, or creating art — then you will tend to look back on those experiences fondly because they improve over time.

By comparison, doing things like trying to beat the stock market or become a professional gambler are very inconsistent. They can provide big wins, but they can also provide big losses at any time. The pain isn’t necessarily in the beginning. Because of this, these experiences are less likely to make you happy over the long-run.

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How To Build The Self-Confidence You Need To Win At Life

Do you ever feel dumb about yourself? Do you ever feel like you have zero self-confidence? It happens all the time to most of us. Although you are preparing for any compitative exam , you are doing job or planning something for your future . It happen when you are feeling very low and you don’t have confidence on your self.

Whether you want money, fame, travel, or none of that stuff, it doesn’t matter because it always comes down to this: How confident are you? Everytime your confidence decide your success. If you don’t have confidence on you, you can’t do anything. While giving any exam if your confidence is nill you became nervous and expoil your eaxm, while you work hard. So trust in yourself.

You see? Self-confidence is important if you want to win at life — no matter what you’re after, a lack of confidence will always hold you back. And you never grew up. You are always feel scary.

Research even shows that lack of self-confidence is associated with:

  • Depression
  • loneliness and feeling left out
  • Lower academic achievement
  • Lower life satisfaction
  • Never trying to follow dreams
  • Introvert person
  • Not taking own decisions
  • Always confused
  • Live lost

If you look up the definition of self-confidence, you always get more or less the same description. Moore describes it as “a trust in self, a faith in one’s ability to be able to meet situations as they may arise.”

But more importantly, she says:

“Self-confidence without competence is of as little use as is competence without self-confidence.”

It means this: Going to business school is competence. But using your business competence to lead a company is self-confidence plus competence. They are only useful when combined.

That analogy goes both ways. Just confidence in yourself, without the competence, is also useless — talking the talk is not a sustainable strategy.

You need the talk and bravado, but you also need to develop the skills to back up your talk.

Building Your Self-Confidence

So you become more self-confident if you become better at what you do. Enhance your confidence, if your confidence increase so your performance as well as success already increase. That’s the system, and it’s backed by research.

The process is easy—but completing the steps takes hard work. Confidence + hard work = success. This is the secret of success and formula to become a successful person.

It goes like this:

  1. Improve your competencies
  2. Put them into practice
  3. See results
  4. Grow more confident
  5. Repeat
  6. Focus on your drawbacks and improve side by side
  7. Never lose hope if any failure come

That’s the process.

“That’s great and all, but what if I don’t see results? Plus, I don’t have the time to practice.”

If you want to make excuses, that’s fine. It’s your life. But this method of building self-confidence is based on real, tangible steps, and not intangible stuff like affirmations. Confidence doesn’t appear magically by itself. You have to build it and it takes time. You have to stay positive, calm and trust in yourself. After practicing all these then your confidence build.

You can tell yourself every day that you’re confident, lucky to be alive, or whatever — but if you lack the skills to get shit done, you’ll never truly believe in yourself. Revise this sentence that you have trust on yourself, you are confident about your work.

And that’s my biggest issue with a lot of self-help theory and writers. Yes, affirmations, positive thinking, goal setting, is all great, but it’s NOTHING without execution. You have to apply it’s practically not only think or write theoretically. Implement whatever you think or want to do.

How can you expect to build confidence if you never do anything? It’s impossible.

“Nothing builds self-esteem and self-confidence like accomplishment.” — Thomas Carlyle

Don’t fool yourself into thinking that your life will be better as long as you wish for it. Don’t wish only work for it. Improve your skills. Be confident in any situation, never let down your confidence.

When you put in work and see the results — like a stronger body, more energy, more money, or whatever you’re after — you start believing in your ability to get shit done.

Now go out there, do things, get better at them, see results, repeat that process and grow more confident. 

Robbing Tune and Rhythm Out of Music: The Discordant Pandemic

Music industries have seen various ups and downs since the introduction of modern technologies. COVID-19 has recently contributed to the huge loss in the music and live entertainment industry globally. Shutdown of transport and maintenance of social distancing have forced several concerts and festivals to be cancelled or postponed. The artists are uploading several videos to entertain their fans on social media platforms. They have to use their family members to shoot the video at home. They are participating in several fun challenges and giving real talk advice to cut off the boredom and to stay connected with the fans. Live music concerts and gigs remain cancelled in the foreseeable future. But the industry is adapting to the ‘new normal’.  Greater number of people are tuning in radio channels.  Sensing this the musicians are focusing more on radio connectivity and creative performance suited to radio audience to bring a change.

The gig artists, bartenders, technicians, roadside artists and many more who earn their livelihood through live music concerts are facing a really hard time in the pandemic times. They are out of work for around three months and running out of savings. Popular celebrities can reach out to fans through innovative programmes. But those who are struggling to be in the industry do not have any clear idea of the road ahead. According to the members of the Indian Music Industry, several of them have started suffering because of lack of cash flows caused by absence of film releases and continuing ban on public performances. Many daily wage musicians are the worst sufferers due to the postponement of recordings. Smaller music labels need lot of public performances to earn  revenue and sustain themselves. They are now forced to seek financial help from different government sources.

Various artists are performing individual home concerts to entertain fans and also to raise funds for charity. Lady Gaga’s ‘One World: Together at Home’ has raised over $127million for the World Health Organization. John Legend, Justin Bieber and many more are playing their songs on Instagram Live. The Indian music community and Instagram conducted a live virtual music festival— ‘Live In Your Living Room’ with several artists like Armaan Malik, Naezy and Lisa Mishra performing. One of the popular music streaming apps, Spotify, has started working with a number of organizations as Spotify COVID-19 Music Relief. It is offering financial relief to creators around the world. YouTube Music and Amazon Music are also coming to the aid of music industry workers through the MusiCares’ COVID-19 Relief Fund.

In such crisis times the music industry all over the world is experiencing lesser productivity, slower work rate and uncertainty— not to speak of the declining curve in creativity. The dreaded virus has huge impact on the production, distribution, marketing and sales chain. It has taken a drastic hit of ten to fifteen per cent of the production and marketing of music in three months.

Come what may, everybody knows that we all need music to live life with jest. Not only that, we need it to have a healthy mental condition. Music is entertainment surely, but it is also a ‘medicine’ to save us from boredom, stress and alienation, the symptoms particularly evident in these trying times. It is a good sign that the music industry is fighting the bad times and trying to strategise its recovery. Didn’t Shakespeare write, ‘If music is the food of love, play on’?

How to make a career in Gaming?

Digital gaming has grown massively into popularity since the last decade. Competitive gaming has even become a career choice for a lot of people world wide. We all know sports exist and there are many world famous athletes all over the world who have made a lot of money and built their brand. But since the last decade on the internet there has been a rise of gamers who are taking over. 

Some of these gamers online have built a bigger brand than sports athletes. Gamers like ninja. Shroud etc are known all over the world and earn millions of dollars every year. 

Every child today wants to be an online gamer and make that his or her career. So here are some tips if you want to pursue your career as a gamer 

  1. Pick a popular game. The most popular games in the world as of now are pubg mobile. Player unknown battlegrounds, fortnite,apex legends,minecraft, counter strike global offensive etc. all of these games are extremely popular online and have given huge career opportunities to people online 
  2. Get good at the game. The one way you can make a career at anything in life is by getting good at it. So practice the game and master it so you can be one of the best gamers and build it as a career
  3. Choose a platform. There are various ways people monetise their gaming skill. Some upload videos on youtube and earn through that, some of the biggest youtubers are pewdiepie, markiplier, jacksepticeye etc. all of these youtubers are world famous and earn millions every year doing what they love. Other than youtube some gamers focus on streaming live. Platforms like youtube live and twitch give a great opportunity to creators to show off their skill to a live audience and grow that way. Some of the big streamers in the world are ninja, shroud, pokimane etc. another option would be professional gaming. Some gamers compete worldwide and build themselves by repres their team and even country. For example scoutop of india represented india in pubg mobile world championship 2018. 
  4. Hustle- making a career as a gamer is very uncertain as there is a huge huge amount of competition worldwide and the success takes a hefty amount of time and effort. Most people quit trying after if they do not see any success after a couple of months. One has to be consistent and hardworking in order to make gaming and entertainment online a career. 
  5. Start as a hobby- if one wants to make gaming their career the best advice would be to start it as a hobby and really enjoy it. If you start on any platform with the sole intention to make money you will never succeed. Your gold should be to enjoy yourself and entertain others. 

 Following all these tips and being consistent gives you a very high chance of making it as a gamer and making what you love the most a career. So grab your devices and start hustling. 

 

Marriage vs live-in relationships

Whether we see marriage or live-in relationships, it’s the love that bring two person together. Some people wants to explore that love and their partner, compatibility with them, without marriage so their live-in relationships come into place.

Marriage is more legal and socially accepted form of relations between couples in India. There is a social validation present in marriages whereas in live-in relationships are on-going trend among the youth which gives them freedom to love with their partner, to understand them without the pressure of marriage.

In India, live-in relationships are highly cristicised as it is considered taboo if a male and female is living in a home without marriage and it also associated with the idea of virginity, which is considered violated if she engages in a physical relationship with a man before marriage. And those women are considered impure and they are not accepted as an idea bride in our society.

In contrast, a section of youth may not agree with the belief of the conservative society. According to them live-in relationship give them a sense of freedom. They don’t have to just be in a relation if they like it or not and don’t have to bear any pressure like marriage i.e., they meant to be together for lifetime. In live-in they stay and leave whenever they feel that their relationship is not working and they don’t have to seek for divorce, which is also considered as a taboo in many societies and is very time consuming and difficult process

But if the couple is in a marital relation then they try to make their relations last long and they work hard to understand each other, accept each other and try to adjust with each other which is somewhere needed in a relation to be successful whereas in live-in can be liberating at times. Apart from this marriages is very stable form of relationship, but in live-in, along with no restrictions there is more possibilities of instability and insecurity.

So, both have their own pros and cons but it is necessary for the society to accept both and they should respect the couples decision. Any of them shouldn’t work under any societal pressure. So, accept both live-in and marital relationships and let the couples explore love in their own ways.

Story of Automotive fuels

Automotive fuels are broadly divided in to two categories. Motor gasoline which is used in spark ignition engines and High-speed diesel, used in compression ignition engines. Both these fuels are generally produced from crude oil.  There is an alternate raw material such as reformate from which this automotive fuel can be derived, however this intermediary is also product of crude oil distillation process. Natural gas is used as a feed in some refineries but limited to low scale production.

Petroleum Crude (Crude Oil)

Crude oil is mixture of comparatively volatile hydro carbons, compounds mainly composed of Hydrogen and Carbon. Hydro carbon in crude is mostly alkanes (Paraffins), cyclo-alkanes (Naphthenes) and various hydrocarbons. Other elements present are sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen and traces of metals such as Iron, nickel copper etc.

Composition of crude oil by mass percentage

Carbon 83 to 87%

Hydrogen 10 to 14%

Nitrogen 0.1 to 2%

Oxygen 0.05 to 1.5%

Sulfur 0.05 to 6.0%

Metals < 0.1%

Crude is formed when large quantities of dead organisms are buried underneath sedimentary rock and undergo intense heat and pressure. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling. This comes after the studies of structural geology, sedimentary basin analysis, reservoir characterization.

Crude oil is refined and separated, most easily by boiling point, into large variety of consumer products, from petrol (or gasoline) and kerosene to asphalt and chemical reagents used to make plastics and pharmaceuticals.

Petroleum Industry

Petroleum industry is involved in exploration, production, storage, transportation and marketing of petroleum products. The major part product handled by the industry is Fuel Oil and petrol. These are the most widely used fuels around the world. Oil accounts for the largest part of energy consumption all over the world. Approximate oil consumption of the world is around 30 Billion barrels per year.

Upstream oil companies are engaged in exploration, production and refining activities. Down stream oil companies are their expertise in transportation and marketing of refined products. Few companies are engaged in both upstream as well as down stream activities due to their wide experience in the field. Marketing companies are closer to end customers as they have to develop strategy based on changing market requirements.

Refinery Process

Crude oil is subjected to destructive distillation for separating the constituents. The most common distillation fractions of petroleum crude are fuels.

The chemical structure of petroleum is heterogeneous. The chemical separated by distillation are treated by other chemical process for meeting various specification requirements and the customer needs.

Fraction                                               Boiling Range (Degree centigrade)

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)                    −40  to  −1

Petrol                                                                  -1   to   110

Jet Fuel                                                                150 to 205

Kerosene                                                             205 to 260

Fuel Oil                                                               205 To 290

Diesel Fuel                                                          260 To 315

Finished products are subjected to stringent laboratory tests to ensure they meets all specifications prescribed by the national and inter national agencies also the specific customer requirements before releasing from refinery.

Supply chain.

Refined products are stored in storage facilities designed based on capacity requirements. Products are transported by different modes based on market locations. Costal movement by oil tankers is preferred for long distance and exports. Pipeline transfer is used as safe and economical option. Rail and road modes are also used widely for transporting fuels. Product transported from refinery locations are stored at intermediate location after ensuring all safety and statutory requirements before finally being dispatched to retail outlets.

Dark season 3 review

If you are going to watch season 3 then definitely my writing will not effect your watch because no one cares to read this since everyone will be busy watching it. If you didn’t watch DARK then my writing definitely make you watch it. May be everyone will read it after they complete the season because it’s DARK.

Only thing I didn’t have a clarity about it was, its name. Why Dark? Why this name? What’s so special about it? May be the name has a vital role to play. If they had a better name to keep, then it might have become popular too quick. Definitely it will become most loved series ever that earth has ever witnessed. But it takes time. None will know what is it about untill the last episode. Everytime we think that we knew something, we will be wrong soon enough. The moment we feel to have a clarity is temporary because the confusion enters to the play. Clarity on one thing is confusion of two things. The moment we gets clarity is the origin of confusion. Confusion is the beginning of clarity and clarity is the end of confusion. Both are in a parallel run and makes our mind to run with it. The screenplay makes us feel intresting and creates curiosity. The moment we witness something about a incident, the scene changes to some other time and makes us think about the unrevealed fact. The moment they try to reveal something is the moment they keep our brain work and shift the scene to some other thing. Everything we predict is just a prediction. Prediction never becomes a reality because reality is unpredictable. The show takes us to different worlds and creates a doubt on our real existence.

Are we, we? Are we living in the real world? Do People who are reading this belong to another world? Does my existence effect someother’s? Am I am? The series makes us to question about our own existence. It’s not from when, it’s from where? Do our future know us? May be my future me might have figured me. They might have found a way back to me and try to prevent the things that will happen and stops me becoming then me. Mistakes can be prevented if we knew what were the mistakes. But can we guarantee ourselves that new mistakes might never happen in that process? What if my new mistakes makes me to go back to my past again? Can we stop doing mistakes and make a perfect world? We can only undo the mistakes that happened and we can’t stop mistakes that will happen. We can only prevent the happened from happening again? The things done can only be undone but the things to be done can’t be stopped.

The existence of a perfect world is possible only in a world without mistakes. Can we spot a person in our world who never did a mistake. Mistakes happen for a reason and if mistakes never happened, then nothing can be learnt. Dark is about creating a perfect world where mistakes can be prevented from happening because those were already happened. Knowing what will happen and stopping it will change the destiny and try to create new problems and the world will not stop from doing what is to be done and people try to figure out a new way to solve those problems by preventing the problem to become a problem and solving it without the existence of the problem.

Happening will happen even knowing the happened. The series gives a wonderful message. It tells us to accept the consequences and try not to repeat it rather than preventing the happening. Try to live with mistakes and accept the mistakes, repeat the mistakes, do the mistakes. We can’t escape our fate. Done can’t be undone by knowing the consequences of done. The done will be done. The only thing that varies is the destiny, but not fate. Everything will be done if it has to be done. Nothing can stop it from happening.

We should not live in past and ruin our future by escaping the present.

Try to witness the future in present that happened in past.

IS THERE END TO CORRUPTION?

PC: futureatlas.com

People think that we may catch scam after scam and this country will not change. There must be a sense of urgency and restlessness because we need and want to make a corruption-free India. The other name of ‘just the way things are in India’ is corruption. Corruption is the misuse of power or public property for personal gains, like taking bribery. We see that even the simplest daily- routine administrative tasks cannot be performed without a bribe to the civil servant in charge of the paperwork. If you need your work done, don’t forget your bribe money. This situation leads to many issues, but there are two significant issues in it.

Firstly, if we get our work done through bribery, that means we are not paying our taxes rightly, and the person who is receiving it is also not paying taxes. It generates black money. Some people cannot afford bribe. When their work doesn’t get done, and some person with money gets his job done, the divide between have, and have-not widens. This exercise is also contagious. Others get influenced, and they decide that paying a little bit more will get their work done, and so they jump on the bandwagon. It creates a big chain of people who give rise to corruption and black money.

Secondly, we are developing a habit of getting our work done on our own and not informing an authority about something wrong in administration. After this becomes a habit, any new policy will face resistance because we deal with things in our way. So, subsequent procedures or instructions for the collective goodwill not work and so everyone who is connected with that system suffers.

Luxury, convenience and comfort are some offerings that lure us into becoming corrupt. The government allocates let’s say anti-poverty funds, resources for infrastructure development. Why is it that a minor percentage of the entire sum reaches us? It is because, throughout the channel of resource distribution, people are sitting who want an extra taste of all these offerings. The force of this desire is so immense that they snatch money without considering people for whom it was destined.

Corruption in India worsens poverty. A good portion of our taxes gets collected in few hands when it is meant for everyone. Corruption also gives rise to inflation. Since people have black money now and their purchasing power has increased, they demand more for things. When there is a huge demand for materials and objects due to surge in black money, pressure comes on supply which creates inflation. People with money will consume resources since now they have additional money (all thanks to black money and corruption) and ultimately the poor will be deprived of things that he deserves. There is more poverty which leads to a deficit of public trust in government and law.

“India’s goal to transform itself into a market for foreign companies and attract investment is increasingly being challenged by corruption and red-tape”.[1] The culture of bribery creates uncertainty for foreign investors. They don’t know if their investment is safe anymore and so become reluctant. Why isn’t everyone alarmed about it and doing something required at own level? Indeed, we Indians are a ‘low arousal’ people. We endure injustice and unfairness. The poor suffer inhuman conditions, and we say ‘that is how it works here’. We must stand up peacefully and resist corruption. It is an epidemic tearing into India’s foundation and economic wellbeing. We can only fix it by real Indians. There is only one-step- we must do it at our level.

[1]Siddharth Chatterjee, Corruption- An Epidemic of Epic Scale in India, The Huffpost, April 4, 2014, available at: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/corruptionan-epidemic-of-_b_5083293.

SEA GLASS – Book Review

Anita Shreve’s “Sea Glass”, starts out in idyllic terms. A loving husband, hard-working couple, a first home, a satisfying hobby. This book has its own mini world infused with gadgets from the past like the precursor of the photocopier, a copiograph machine etc. and an unfortunate habit of past, making all your own dresses. This novel seems to be another one of those historical romances that view the past (especially 20s and 50s) as the safest time and more innocent time-period than the one we live in now.

The headlines Honora (one of the characters in the novel) reads every morning suggests a world just as scary and unpredictable as our own times, a world just as aloes to spinning out of control as the one we are familiar with today. The character of Sexton Beecher may be seen as the most believable by some readers. Sexton is good with people, loves his wife but when they are apart he feels lonely and he is not opposed to a little recreation with another woman. A look-you-straight-in-the-eye kind of guy and has no problem in doling out the lies that make business relationships, yet most of readers will not despise him. Rather they will understand his hunger and might be courting in his favor.   The world created by this novel has people who live together without getting married, cheat on their employers and think about having extramarital affairs, just as characters in a contemporary novel world. One of the accomplishments of Shreve’s book is that she is able to capture a time gone by in authentic and believable detail without making her characters cute, quaint or unrealistically virtuous.

This is a perfect novel with fragments of past as a fictional story, but so true to human psychology that the reader may feel it contains more truth than a newspaper or any other report.

“In the wet sand by her foot, a bit of colour catches her eye. The glass is green, pale and cloudy, the colour of lime juice that has been squeezed into a glass. She brushes the sand off and presses the sea glass into her palm, keeping it for luck”.

HAPPY READING!