CASTE POLITICS IN INDIA

Caste is a social marvel of Indian culture. By taking an interest in the cutting edge political framework, standing is presently presented to troublesome impacts and another type of joining coming about because of another plan of universalist-particularity connections. caste has increased a compelling situation in India legislative issues.From one viewpoint, a structure of divisions and facilities, station gives to legislative issues. Furthermore, then again a strong component which retains strains and dissatisfaction. It becomes troublesome when question emerges of national solidarity. Yet, with respect to an area or gathering matter, it gives a durable power by joining individuals of a station.

The development job of position affiliation are likewise assuming as significant job in impacting casting a ballot design. Indeed, even ideological groups are thinking about rank as a vote bank. This empowered the lower positions to be politically powerful based on numerical dominance. In choosing possibility for decisions, ideological groups regularly offering thought to the standing creation of bodies electorate. At times a few standings are utilizing legislative issues in their endeavor to better their conditions or to accomplish their objective. Among the major disruptive powers influencing the commonwealth, standing remains the considerable one. It alludes to an inscription arrangement of status and order. Its central qualities are pecking order, commonality, limitations on marriage and innate occupation.

Its predominance is seen by M.N. Srinivas “Caste is so tacitly and so completely accepted by all, including those most vocal in condemning it, that it is everywhere the unit of social action.” British dealt with India by playing one caste or network against the other, their arrangement of training and organization helped in individualizing the Indian culture. In any case, while auxiliary and useful angles experienced change, political measurement strike its root. After the Independence, position started to get new turn in Indian legislative issues. Talking about the connection among standing and legislative issues, Rajni Kothari brings up three measurements.

Caste Factor in Political Socialization and Leadership Recruitment:

Distinctive position bunches host their loyalties behind various political gatherings and their belief systems. Directly from his introduction to the world, an Indian resident acquires a caste and grows up as an individual from a specific position gathering. He has a place either with one of the High Castes or to Scheduled Castes. During the time spent getting his political directions, disposition and convictions, he normally goes under the impact of rank gatherings and caste-ism. ‘Standing qualities’ and station intrigues impact his socialization and therefore his political reasoning, mindfulness and interest. He banks upon rank solidarity for possessing and playing out an influential position. Station impacts the procedure of administration enrollment. This is especially valid for profoundly ‘standing cognizant’s kin of certain states like Haryana, Bihar, UP, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. In Haryana, the initiative comes either from the Jaats or from the Bishnois or Brahmins. In Andhra Pradesh, the Reddys, Kammas and Valamas give state pioneers.

Caste is a constituent of the Indian party framework. Some ideological groups have an immediate caste premise while others by implication bank upon specific station gatherings. Specifically, the provincial ideological groups stand overwhelmingly impacted by the position factor. The DMK and AIADMK are non-Brahmin rather against Brahmin ideological groups of Tamil Nadu. In Punjab, Akali Dal has a network pantheistic character yet stands impacted by the issue of Jaats versus non-Jaats. Every ideological group in India use station as a methods for making sure about votes in decisions. While the BSP banks upon the help of the Scheduled Castes, the BJP generally banks upon its prevalence among the high caste Hindus and the exchanging network.

Susanne H. Rudolphs, “the caste association provides the channel of communication and bases of leadership and organization which enables those still submerged in the traditional society and culture to transcend the technical political literacy which would otherwise handicap their ability to participate in democratic politics.” Caste stays a focal component of Indian culture and has energetic impact on vote based legislative issues.In practically all parts of life, caste considerations keep on having definitive job.

Dil bechara Review

late actor sushanth Singh Rajput last movie Dil Bechara is going to steaming in Disney + hotstar

Sara Ali khan shared movie poster on twitter for everyone to watch the movie,and also the movie is going to available for subscribes and non-subscribes

Dil Bechara stars sushanth Singh rajput, sanjana and directed by mukesh chhabra

No words to describe the movie, Sushant involved into the character, you laugh you cry and at the end manny ever and forever I really can’t stop my tears

Sushant Singh rajput will also be remembered

Review – ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Development and Environment Protection Together?

Mahatma Gandhi once said that “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed.” and this statement gives us reflect about the sort of advancement we need as an individual, one which can satisfy our necessities or one which can satisfy our covetousness. in the event that we need to get our requests satisfied, we have to regard the unstoppable force of life so our requirements can be tended to essentially.

With the changing time the need of individual has likewise changed. These changing needs are the reason for the improvement in different parts of life which was seen by the development of human. Chasing and assembling for food, imagining fire to cook, making hovels for cover, doing horticultural practices and so on are the different advancements through which early man went over. Since the modern upset, the quick improvement was seen over the world which brings about fast corruption of nature. In the journey of improvement, man disregarded the very condition which is essential for continuing the life on the planet earth.

The earth has been antagonistically influenced by the development of the world. The formative procedures like building dams, manufacturing plants and ventures, houses, schools and universities requires huge regions which is satisfied by deforestation for example chopping down of the timberland’s. The deforestation prompts natural surroundings loss of numerous creature species, pulverizing numerous therapeutic plants and spices, sea fermentation, soil disintegration, and so forth upsets the ecological parity.

Likewise, the smokes discharged by vehicles and industrial facilities, dumping of hurtful squanders in the dirt and releasing it into the water bodies closes into dirtying nature. For instance, the individuals of Tuticorin region in Tamil Nadu were fighting for the conclusion of the Vedanta’s Sterile Copper Plant which is dirtying the underground water around there. Likewise, the contaminated Ganga stream and the staining the Taj Mahal’s marbel are the significant worry of the Indian government.

Alongside the evolving time, our necessities are additionally changing, in antiquated occasions we people chased creatures for looking for the dinners, broke trees for making cover. every one of our necessities were tended to yet when we came to over the timetable from old age to mechanical age, we slowly began underestimating nature. only for our own preferred position, we began draining the assets more than ever. directly from utilizing nature to satisfying our needs, we came to abusing nature for our insatiability and results are among us. green house gases raise the temperature of globe. sun oriented ice is softening. ocean levels are expanding. there is shortage of maintainable advancement which can finish our requests yet can likewise shield our temperament.

Reasonable improvement is critical to deliver suitable answer for these issues. in any case, it is conceivable dispose of these difficulties and ongoing case of this is utilizing bio-fuel rather than non-renewable energy source. it tends to be seen that there has been effective trial of first bio-filled business flight. we are achieving our necessities of vitality from sustainable wellspring of vitality rather than customary petroleum product. we will be breathing natural air and increasingly sound way of life. likewise we will be building up our G.D.P. by maintainable improvement alongside smart use of regular assets. improvement with insurance of condition is conceivable and suitable which is a method of better living for our future and for age to come

Education system

Education is an important tool which is very useful in everybody’s life. Education is what differentiates us from other living beings on earth. It makes man the smartest creature on earth. It empowers humans and gets them ready to face challenges of life efficiently. With that being said, education still remains a luxury and not a necessity in our country. Educational awareness needs to be spread through the country to make education accessible. But, this remains incomplete without first analyzing the importance of education. Only when the people realize what significance it holds, can they consider it a necessity for a good life.

Importance of Education

Education is the most significant tool in eliminating poverty and unemplyloment . Moreover, it enhances the commercial scenario and benefits the country overall. So, the higher the level of education in a country, the better the chances of development are. In addition, this education also benefits an individual in various ways. It helps a person take a better and informed decision with the use of their knowledge. This increases the success rate of a person in life. Subsequently, education is also responsible for providing with an enhanced lifestyle. It gives you career opportunities that can increase your quality of life. Similarly, education also helps in making a person independent. When one is educated enough, they won’t have to depend on anyone else for their livelihood. They will be self-sufficient to earn for themselves and lead a good life.

Above all, education also enhances the self-confidence of a person and makes them certain of things in life. When we talk from the countriesviewpoint, even then education plays a significant role. Educated people vote for the better candidate of the country. This ensures the development and growth of a nation.

Doorway to Success

To say that education is your doorway to success would be an understatement. It serves as the key which will unlock numerous doors that will lead to success. This will, in turn, help you build a better life for yourself.An educated person has a lot of job opportunities waiting for them on the other side of the door. They can choose from a variety of options and not be obligated to do something they dislike. Most importantly, education impacts our perception positively. It helps us choose the right path and look at things from various viewpoints rather than just one With education, you can enhance your productivity and complete a task better in comparison to an uneducated person. However, one must always ensure that education solely does not ensure success. It is a doorway to success which requires hard work, dedication and more after which can you open it successfully. All of these things together will make you successful in life.

Conclusion

In conclusion, education makes you a better person and teaches you various skills. It enhances your intellect and the ability to make rational decisions. It enhances the individual growth of a person. Education also improves the economic growth of country . Above all, it aids in building a better society for the citizens of a country. It helps to destroy the darkness of ignorance and bring light to the world.

The Social issue of Child Labour

The children should not have to work is universally accepted, but there are no universal answer why the problem of child labour persist and how it needs to be tackled. India is faced with the crucial task of eliminating the child labour which is prevalent in all spheres of life. Thousands of children are engaged in the carpet factories, glass factories and other hazardous industries all over the country.

The term child labour has generally two-fold interpretations. Firstly, it is implied to be an economic necessity of poor households and secondly, the explosive aspect in children‟s work concerned with the profit maximizing urge of commercial establishment wherein children are made to work for long hours, paid low remuneration and deprived of educational opportunities.

International Labour Organisation (ILO) defines child labour to “… include children leading permanently adult lives, working long hours for low wages under conditions damaging to their health and physical and mental development, sometime separated from their families, frequently deprived of meaningful educational and training opportunities that could be open up to them a better future”.

Reasons For Child Labour:
There are many reasons for the existence of child labour and it varies with place and place to place. In India, poverty is one of the important factors for poverty, but it‟s not the sole factor. Children provide cheap labour, the person who wants labour has to pay less to them than adult labour. The child can be commanded more than an adult. The pull factor of the child labour is the profit maximization.

The main causes to failure to control the child labour are; poverty, low wages than adult, unemployment, absence of schemes for family allowance, migration to urban areas, large family size, children being cheaply available, non existence of strict provisions for compulsory education, illiteracy, ignorance of parents and traditional attitudes.

Child Labour In India:
India accounts for the second highest number where child labour in the world is concerned. Africa accounts for the highest number of children employed and exploited. The fact is that across the length and breadth of the nation, children are in a pathetic condition.

Child labour in India is a human right issue for the whole world. It is a serious and extensive problem, with many children under the age of fourteen working in carpet making factories, glass blowing units and making fireworks with bare little hands. According to the statistics given by Indian government there are 20 million Child labours in the country, while other agencies claim that it is 50 million.

The situation of Child labours in India is desperate. Children work for eight hours at a stretch with only a small break for meals. The meals are also frugal and the children are ill nourished. Most of the migrant children, who cannot go home, sleep at their work place, which is very bad for their health and development. Seventy five percent of Indian population still resides in rural areas and are very poor. Children in rural families who are ailing with poverty perceive their children as an income generating resource to supplement the family income. Parents sacrifice their children‟s education to the growing needs of their younger siblings in such families and view them as wage earners for the entire clan.

In Northern India the exploitation of little children for labour is an accepted practice and perceived by the local population as a necessity to alleviate poverty. Carpet weaving industries pay very low wages to Child labours and make them work for long hours in unhygienic conditions. Children working in such units are mainly migrant workers from Northern India, who are shunted here by their families to earn some money and send it to them. Their families dependence on their income, forces them to endure the onerous work conditions in the carpet factories.

While experts blame the system, poverty, illiteracy, adult unemployment; yet the fact is that the entire nation is responsible for every crime against a child. Instead of nipping the problem at the bud, child labour in India was allowed to increase with each passing year. And today, young ones below the age of 14 have become an important part of various industries; at the cost of their innocence, childhood, health and for that matter their lives.

Indian Constitution And Child Labour:
Article 23 of Indian Constitution prohibits the trafficking in human beings and forced labour. And Article 24 prohibits the employment of children in factories. It says that No child below the age of fourteen years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or engaged in any other hazardous employment.

The general understanding was that right secured by Article 24 will hardly be effective in the absence of legislation prohibiting and penalising its violation. However, Supreme Court clearly stated that Article 24 “must operate proprio vigour” even if the prohibition lay down in it is not “followed up by appropriate legislation.” In Labourers, Salal Hydro Project v. State of J&K it was again held that the employment of children below 14 in construction work violates Article 24.

It was noted in M C Mehta v. State of Tamilnadu, that menace of child labour was wide spread. Therefore it issued wide ranging directions in the context of employment and exploitation of children in Sivakasi, prohibiting employment of children below the age of 14 and making arrangement for their education by creating a fund and providing employment to the parents or the able bodied adults in the family. These directions were reiterated in Bandhu Mukti Morcha v. Union of India, concerning the employment of children in carpet weaving industry in U.P.

The State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing the health and strength of workers, men and women, and the tender age of children are not abused and that citizens are not forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or strength. Also the State shall, direct its policy towards securing the given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment to the children.

Article 45 of Indian Constitution made provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years. As per this Article the State shall endeavours to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.

How to Become Rich Faster than Others (Practical Steps)

Everybody wants to become RICH one day.

Still, how is it that some people have all the answers? How do the rich keeping getting richer while the poor keep getting poorer? Is the game actually rigged against us? Are we, in fact, doomed to live ordinary lives, merely controlled by our hedonistic desires and pleasures, forced to succumb to our animalistic urges, never able to actually get ahead in life, let alone get rich? Or, is there some solution? A way out, if you will?

How to Become a Millionaire and Get Rich the Right Way

Clearly, these are questions posed by the masses. But not everyone can pull it off. What separates those who seem to have all the answers from those that are constantly jumping from one ship to the next, never able to truly find their gravy train? Well, the answers are far simpler than most would imagine.

Don’t spend more money than you make.

Not many people follow this advice. Many are focused on spending as much as possible. Whether it’s to revel in the perception of being more well-off than they actually are, or some other purpose, this is the truth across much of the developed world.

Keep a Diary of your Expenses.

Benjamin Franklin once said, “Beware of little expenses. A small leak will sink a great ship.”

As easy as it might seem to ignore the little stuff, so to speak, the more you sweat the details, the better off you’ll be. Cancel that gym membership you haven’t used in six months. Eliminate that costly cable television plan. Stop buying expensive lattes and eating out when you know you can’t afford to do it. Download an app or purchase a small notebook and track every expense no matter how small or how big.

Quit all the Bad Habits- drinking, smoking, gambling, etc.

Bad habits hold us back from achieving many kinds of goals. They stop us from losing weight, making more money, saving, investing and everything in between. The only way you can actually get ahead in life is to decimate those bad habits. You need to quit the bad habits before they lead you down a deathly spiral.

It’s hard to achieve something that takes so much of your energy, such as getting rich, without eliminating your bad habits first. I’m not just talking about poor financial habits; I’m also talking about any other habit that eats away at you, physically, emotionally or mentally.

Save 20 % of your Income every Month.

In order to get rich, you need to save at least 20 percent of your income off the top. Everyone has heard this before, but how many people actually follow this advice?

The term “pay yourself first” holds major weight here. While some don’t find the importance in this, others realize that this not only provides a rainy-day fund in case of emergencies, but also moment-of-the-opportunity cash. When the right opportunity comes by, you need cash to seize it. If you don’t have the cash, you just missed the proverbial boat.

Pay-Off your Debts.

When you’re debt-free from the bad debt (not the good debt like mortgages for investment properties and loans to grow you business, for example), take that money and put it towards your savings. The trick is not to go spending cash and splurging on a vacation or a new car once you’re debt-free. Stay focused.

Don’t Rent but Own your House.

No matter what it takes, even if you have to downgrade your living situation, you should do what it takes to purchase a home. Sit down with a mortgage broker and assess your situation. Set some goals and create a plan of action.

Even if you don’t have enough money saved for a down payment right now, figure out what it’s going to take to buy your home. We’re not talking about your dream home here. However, over time, the money spent on your mortgage is far better invested than money spent paying rent.

Invest, but only after Researching the hell out of it.

Many people invest for the sake of it. If you don’t have proper knowledge about the plans your investment offers then you might never really grow your money in it. The better you know an industry or niche, the more likely you’ll be able to spot ideas that could possibly create massive amounts of income for you in the future. No one else is going to do this for you. And when you do invest in something that you know, be sure to track it vehemently.

Multiple source of income but not mainstream.

Anyone who’s serious about getting rich needs to build multiple streams of passive income. Passive income is incredibly important when it comes to amassing wealth. Simply put, you to need to generate your income on autopilot if you want to create a considerable net worth.

There are a number of passive income generating ideas that you could implement. Some of the most popular involve real estate and dividend income for those that can afford the often high-cost barrier of entry into those fields. Others opt for generating passive income by starting a blog, creating digital products such as e-books or courses, and even creating online tutorials, just to name a few examples.

Time Value of Money.

We all have the same amount of time in this world. You don’t have more than the next person and that person doesn’t have more time than another. No matter if they’re a powerful politician, a business magnate or a famous athlete, they don’t have more time than you do. Time is life’s greatest equalizer.

It all depends on how you utilize your time. Every second is precious. Become lazy or procrastinate and lose your dream of being rich.

Rome was not built in a day.

Daily goal setting provides milestones on your way to your bigger goals. Break the big goal down to achievable daily goals that won’t seem so overwhelming. For example, if you want a $10 million dollar net worth in the next five or 10 years, figure out what it’s going to take on a daily basis to move closer to that goal.

Understanding Criminal Conspiracy

To prove criminal conspiracy, the prosecution provide evidence to prove that:

1. The accused agreed to the act or caused it to act;

2. The Act was unlawful or done in illegal ways as defined under the IPC;

3. Whether any overt act was done by any one of the accused in pursuance of the same.

Under Sec. 120A of the IPC, the offense of criminal conspiracy is an exception to the criminal law when intent alone does not constitute a crime. It is the intention to commit a crime and to join hands with individuals with the same intention which is taken into consideration. An agreement has to be made to carry the object of intent. It would not suffice for a crime of conspiracy when some of the accused merely entertained a will, whatever it may be, reduced the crime.

An allegation of conspiracy may prejudice the prosecutors because it compels them into a joint trial and the court may consider the entire mass of evidence against each accused. It is stated that a criminal conspiracy is a partnership in a crime, and that each conspiracy has a joint or mutual agency for the prosecution of a shared arrangement. Thus, if two or more persons enter into a conspiracy, any act done by either of them according to the agreement is in contemplation of the law. This would be an act of each of them and they are therefore jointly responsible. This means that everything written or done by any conspirator in a general-purpose execution or further conspiracy is said to be known, done or written by them. And this joint responsibility is not only carried out by any conspirator pursuing the original agreement, but also to end the incident and move beyond it for the original purpose. A conspirator is not responsible, however, for acts committed by a co-conspirator after the plot is concluded. The joining of a plot by a new member does not create a new conspiracy nor does it change the status of other conspirators, and the mere fact that conspiracies carry out different actions individually or in groups to a common end. It would not divide a conspiracy into several different conspiracies.

A criminal conspiracy is a meeting in the minds of two or more individuals to commit an unlawful act that is non-qualified legally, but it is not possible to prove it by direct evidence. Therefore, the conspiracy and its purpose can be understood from the surrounding circumstances and the conduct of the accused. Furthermore, it is also relevant to note that the plot continues until it is executed or saved or frustrated by the choice of necessity. It is not necessary that all conspirators agree to the general objective at the same time. They can join with other conspirators at any time before the intended purpose is consumed, and all are equally responsible. Everyone may not know which part each conspirator has to play or the fact that when a conspirator joined the conspiracy and left. A person can be involved in a conspiracy by word or deed. However, criminal responsibility for a plot requires more than a passive approach to an existing conspiracy. An overworker with knowledge of the conspiracy is guilty. And one who accepts the purpose of a conspiracy and goes with the other conspirators, in fact while others keep the conspiracy in effect, is guilty, though he does not want to take any active part in the crime.

Any person who is found to be the guilty of committing criminal conspiracy is governed by Section 120B which prescribes punishments for the same to the person. It sentences the conspired party of an offence punishable with death, life imprisonment or rigorous imprisonment for a term of two years or more if no specific mention is made in that regard. This specific Code for the punishment of such a conspiracy punishes in the same manner as if the person had abetted the particular offence. The Code also prescribes punishment to the party of a criminal conspiracy even if not under a criminal conspiracy to commit an offence punishable as mentioned above with imprisonment of not more than six months, or often just with fine. Mostly with both.

Interpersonal relation affects organisational culture. Discuss prons and cons

Interpersonal relationship skills at a workplace is very important for organisation culture , if in the organisation, the interpersonal relationship is not good with their employees then it creates conflicts in the employees and they do not work with effectively in the organisation. Interpersonal relationships affects organisation culture it create conflict among the employees and employers. And it affects the objectives of organisation and employees are not satisfied at workplace.

Interpersonal relationship skills at workplace allow a better understanding among employees as well as more effective communication. For individuals spending, on average, seven to eight hours of their day at work, it is irrational to believe they can work all by themselves. So we all ought to have healthy interpersonal relationships at work in order to be able to have a friendly ambience. Interpersonal relationship skills refer to the ability to build rapport with individuals having similar interests and goals as we do. In a workplace, interpersonal relationship skills allow us to share a special bond with our co-workers such that trust and positive feelings for one another are maintained.

Why are interpersonal relationships important

The importance of interpersonal relationships in workplace is evident from the following benefits:

▪︎Greater employee satisfaction

Human being is a social animal. Working in isolation makes an individual prone to stress and he starts to find his job monotonous. Therefore, interpersonal relationships give employees a chance to form close relationships with fellow co-workers, developing in them a sense of joy as well as satisfaction.

▪︎Better decision making

Any important decision making within an organization is based on its employees brainstorming to find the best ideas and strategies. However, this requires a platform such that every individual has the liberty and an equal opportunity to express his views and opinions. Such effective communication is best possible when employees have close associations with each other that allows for effective communication as well as some honest feedback.

How to improve interpersonal relationships skills

Interpersonal relationships in an organisation are critical for the job as well as career success of individual employees. However, they also require lot of efforts on the part of the employees to nature and maintain them. Following are some of the tips that can help you improve you interpersonal relationships skills and achieve the ultimate success you desire :

▪︎Interact with your colleagues or subordinates more often. Greet your colleagues every day you see them if they are from a different team. Also provide an open platform for everyone to discuss any issue at hand encourage honest feedback . Whether you use verbal or written communication method makes little difference but you must be able to make informed decisions. Hiding things from a co- worker or ignoring him may spoil your relationship with him.

▪︎Conduct as well as attend morning meetings , Leaders should make it a habit to arrange and members should make sure to attend morning meetings. However, these meetings should not be made too formal e.g. by allowing coffee mugs as well as informal interactions between the members during the meeting.

▪︎Arrange picnics as well as off-site meetings for team members. Meeting outside the office, in an effort to change the ambience , gives team members a special opportunity to open up each other and build strong bonds of friendship overtime.

self knowledge helps an individual know his/her strengths and weaknesses, and make the right decision when need arises. This can help enhance relationships with others.
Self-esteem helps you think highly of yourself. It allows you to express yourself which can be really empowering and necessary in a relationship.
one way you could increase your self esteem id by surrounding yourself with positive and inspirational people who can help make you feel worthy.

being in a romantic relationship that is loving increases happiness
an abusive one can be a painful experience
many opportunities for social events when in a great friendship
painful when a friendship dissolves
work relationships can be professional and personal
they can be polite and fun or stressful
family relationships can be friendship and work as well

Self knowledge and self esteem

Stimulation

A relationship with others gives you different types of stimulation

Intellectual from conversation,
Physical from touch,
Emotional from sharing emotions.
They give you many physical and emotional health benefits but also have some disadvantages.

Emotional & Physical Health

Life is filled with relationships ,and relationships are tricky! They have millions of complex components but no worries.

Advantages, the positivity in interpersonal communications that makes your life easier and uplift your health in many ways you would not think it could, e.g. Self-esteem and self-knowledge.

Disadvantages, the factors that lead to poor interpersonal relationships between the certain parties, such as; Jealousy and bullying.

There on forward poor interpersonal relationships leads to one not wanting to continue the relationships which can cause both mental and physical illness, whereas mental (depression) leads to physical illness (obesity, drugs and etc.) .

Loneliness

emotions and physical health are correlated
emotions are real and can be a positive attribute in relationships
being physical fit increases ‘endorphins’ which benefits personalities
moods can be a reflect, poor emotional state or physical health
Physical health places you in the spot light
Emotional health gives variety to expressions

Group Presenters pleasure and pain

How loneliness affects different kinds of relationships
If loneliness is an advantage or disadvantage in these different relationships
Family, work, romantic, online and friendship relationships show that loneliness can mostly be seen as an disadvantage
In some cases, loneliness can be seen as an advantage in family and work relationships.

MOST CHEAP & AFFORDABLE CITIES FOR STUDENTS in the WORLD

Students are already drowning in student loan and upon that they have miscellaneous expenses to cover. Many of you would have lost hopes of studying in prestigious Universities thinking about the expensive cos of living there. However there are cities in the world which offer cheap and affordable living especially for students.

This article derives results based on the average costs indicated on the Mercer Cost of Living Survey. Each of these cities contain not only cheap living but also some of the top universities one might be delighted to get into.

Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia’s capital and largest city, ranks second in the world for affordability. Also featuring in joint 29^th place overall in the best student cities this year, tuition fees at one of Kuala Lumpur’s five ranked universities will cost an average of only US$2,500 per year for international students. For those looking to live in the city center, a one-bedroom apartment will cost an average of US$568 per month.

Kuala Lumpur also ranks well for affordability in the Mercer Cost of Living Survey, coming 141^st of 209 countries in terms of expense.

Bangalore

the Indian city of Bangalore, a new entry in this year’s Best Student Cities index at 81^st, has the lowest tuition fees of all the cities on this list (only costing US$100 per year on average.) The city also has extremely low living costs , a one bedroom apartment in the city center, for example, will cost you an average of US$250 — this is extremely low compared to cities such as London, where you’d be paying a monthly average of US$2,132.

Bengaluru Smart City Project: Free Wi-Fi, E-Toilets, Water ATMs ...

Bangalore has two universities currently featuring in the world university rankings. It also ranks highly in both the student view indicator and the employer activity indicator, suggesting that Bangalore’s graduates are viewed highly among graduate employers.

Johannesburg

Coming in at ninth worldwide for affordability in 2019, individuals in Johannesburg’s city center can expect to pay an average of US$471 in rent per month for a one bedroom apartment, excluding bills and annual tuition fees of around US$2,300. The city also ranks 185^th out of 209 cities in the Mercer Cost of Living Survey (where first place is the most expensive).

This sunny South African city is ranked 78^th overall in the Best Student Cities and climbed six places this year in the affordability indicator. The city is home to two institutions featured among the world’s top 550 in the world university rankings.

Budapest

Boasting three world leading universities, and home to over three million people, Hungary’s capital ranks first once again for the affordability category in 2019. Budapest also comes 43^rd overall in the Best Student Cities, rising six places his year due to its improved scores in the desirability and student mix indicators (appearing in the global top 60 for both).

Budapest will cost international students an average of US$1,400 in tuition fees per year (much lower than many other study destinations). The city also ranks 164^th out of 209 countries in the Mercer Cost of Living Survey.

Tomsk

Ranking 73^rd overall in the Best Student Cities index, Tomsk places joint fourth for affordability in 2019 along with fellow Russian cities Novosibirsk and St. Petersburg. Tomsk gained the title of the ‘cultural capital of Siberia’ from the 1960s, when it was fill of artists, writers and film directors, and is still known today as a major educational, scientific and innovation center in Siberia.

If you’re interested in studying at one of Tomsk’s leading institutions, international undergraduate tuition fees cost an average of US$2,600 per year.

St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg is Russia’s second largest city (after Moscow, of course) and home to over five million people. Ranked 66^th in the city ranking in 2019, it’s climbed four places in the affordability indicator to claim joint fourth place, with tuition fees at its three leading universities costing an average of US$2,600 per year.

Students looking to study in this awe-inspiring city will be pleased to find out that the city’s cost of living is 28.2 percent cheaper than in Russia’s capital, Moscow. And although St Petersburg’s best score overall is for its affordability, its biggest improvement this year is in the student view indicator, rising 16 places in 2019, reflecting its popularity among students.

Manila

The capital city of the Philippines and one of the oldest cities in the world, Manila is ranked eighth in the world for affordability this year, as well as joint 85^th overall in the Best Student Cities index. Manila contains four excellent universities, led by the University of Philippines, which places joint 356^th in the world.

Experience the Best of Spain by Train | Railbookers

With tuition fees averaging out at around US$2,400, and the city ranking 109^th out of 209 in the Mercer Cost of Living Survey, Manila is a great place to get a top-quality education without breaking the bank. On top of this, Manila earns its best score in Student View this year, based on student’s experiences whilst studying in the city, and their perceptions of the availability and quantity of graduate employment.

Wroclaw

With sensational architecture and a plethora of diverse cafés and restaurants, Wroclaw, the fourth-largest city in Poland, comes third in the affordability indicator and is a new entry in the Best Student Cities index in 2019 at 108^th. Students looking to study in Wroclaw will be pleased to hear that higher education is free for Polish students, and for international students willing to take the same entrance exams and to study a course taught in Polish.

However, if you’d prefer to study in English, tuition fees are still much lower than you’ll find elsewhere. The cost of living in Wroclaw is also relatively low, estimating that the monthly rent for a single person living in the center will cost on average around US$597.

Novosibirsk

Russia’s third largest city, Novosibirsk is packed full of parks and tree lined avenues, as well as being a major manufacturing and administrative center.

It climbed six places to rank 92^nd in the Best Student Cities ranking this year and is rated joint fourth for affordability, with tuition fees averaging at US$2,600 per year for international students. Living costs are lower here than in Moscow, with a single metro ticket for example only costing 22 rubles (the equivalent to only 35 US cents).

Hsinchu

Perhaps those of you looking for a great place to study abroad will be blown away by Hsinchu, the second city laying claim to the title, ‘The Windy City’ (the first, of course, being Chicago). Coming 10^th for affordability this year and joint 68^th overall in the Best Student Cities index, Hsinchu is an excellent option for those who want to study in Taiwan without all the hustle and bustle of a big city.

Gold breaks 50000 Rs barrier as U.S-China row drives flight to safety

Safe haven gold surged the fresh new high 50000 per 10 gram on Friday for the first time since 2011 as a worsening U.S-China row added to fears over the hit to a global economy already reeling from the coronavirus pandemic.

Spot Gold climbed 0.5% 50960 per 10 gram by 09:45 Pm IST, having earlier hit its highest since Sep 2011.

The top US pandemics expert Anthony earlier said the US coronavirus cases could grow to 100,000 daily without proper social-distancing and other safety measures and that’s going to hit economy badly.

The bullion metal is also getting support from uncertainty on the Hong Kong issue, rising COVID cases and increasing distress in the market.

Concerns about more global economic slowing due to the increasingly acerbic U.S.-China spat is seen as likely to keep global government and monetary support going even longer.

In yet another escalation, China ordered the United States to close its consulate in the city of Chengdu, responding to a U.S. demand for China to close its Houston consulate.

US Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin and Fed Governor Powell pledged to do more for the US economy as it battles the enormous fallout from the virus outbreak. Today market participants will focus on PMI numbers from major economies globally and private payroll numbers from the US which will give a hint on the situation of the jobs market in the country.

Non-yielding gold has surged 24% this year, underpinned by low interest rates and stimulus from central banks, which benefits bullion since it is a perceived hedge against inflation and currency debasement.

India’s private hospitals and their exorbitant charges

On the month of May 14^th in the current year 2020, Mr. Tushar Jindal, 40, a kidney patient, tested positive for novel coronavirus and his family shocked with the results made some calls to Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, India’s one of the elite private hospital situated in Delhi. The private hospital allegedly asked for an advance deposit of INR 5 lakhs for admission.

Since the amount was hefty for a middle class Indian family, following advice from Mr. Jindal’s nephrologist, they admitted him at Max Hospital in Saket, Delhi where an advance of INR 2.5 lakhs had to be paid.

“While I was admitted there, I barely received any treatment as my condition was stable. I was discharged within four days, but I was handed an exorbitant bill of ₹1.98 lakh,” claimed Mr. Jindal. He has sent a legal notice to the hospital contesting many of the items charged for and claiming that the bill issued to him was “faulty and fake and carries a lot of unnecessary and unreasonable charges”.

Mr. Jindal’s notice states that medicines and drugs which were not administered to him have been charged for in the bill and a charge of ₹71,000 questioned for “investigation” offered no other detail. Specifically, the notice states that being a kidney transplant patient, Mr. Jindal takes a particular brand of medicine prescribed by his nephrologist and he has been charged for a medicine he could never take, as it belongs to another company. He claims that he consumed his nephrologist-prescribed brand but has been charged for an alternative with four units and six times a day. Mr. Jindal was also charged ₹8,900 per day for PPE kits amounting to ₹35,600, hospital bills show. He was also charged ₹52,000 for “other charges”, which the notice terms “irrelevant and fake”.

Responding to queries, a Max Healthcare spokesperson said: “A patient’s attendants are counselled about the estimated cost of treatment at the time of admission itself, and they are required to sign an informed consent form for all treatment and procedures. Bill updates are also shared on a day-to-day basis on registered mobile numbers of attendants for any immediate concerns. The attendants of the patient were explained the overall consumption of PPEs during a 24-hour cycle, which is approximately nine PPEs per day per person in the COVID ICU, and the costs charged to the patient are in line with the costs incurred by the hospital in sourcing the PPEs.”

D.S. Rana, chairman of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, said “the upfront payment is to tide over certain issues such as the family of a COVID-19 patient not being allowed to come to the hospital due to risk of infection. How will they make payments? We ask for INR 5 lakhs as advance from COVID-19 patients and refund the money if the bill is less than that,” he said.

Dr. Rana said, “The hospital follows a similar process for non-COVID-19 treatment too”.

“There is nothing to hide. Our expenses have gone up since the virus outbreak. Our hospital is just meeting expenses, not making any profit. The government can audit our accounts if they want,” he said.

Another case of a Journalist from nationalheraldindia shows another face of the overall situation and the huge differences in charging between government and private hospitals. The said journalist initially went seeking aid from an elite private hospital who gave a pricing quotation of INR 9 lakhs, the journalist was shocked with this pricing and with the mere fact that particular hospital called it as “a package for covid-19 treatment”, yes a package!

Shocked with the pricing, he decided to admit himself to the district civil hospital in the city where they charged him INR 50 (fifty) per day for three medicines and less than INR 1,000 per day for equipment that included oxygen cylinders and ventilators. With his multiple ailments, including chronic kidney disease, he should have had no hope of survival. But it is almost a miracle that the doctors at the district civil hospital pulled him out of danger and did not allow the comorbidity factors to undermine his chances of recovery. Out of hospital for a week now, he is fighting fit and back to the normal activities of a journalist.

Now what we can do to tackle these situations is to question the administrations, the system and governments ruling these systems, we need to ask our governments as to “why they are unable to curb the exorbitant charges by the prominent private hospitals of India”.

Disney Delays Mega Movies ‘Mulan,’ ‘Star Wars’, Avatar due to Virus uncertainties

Walt Disney cancelled the August theatrical release of the widely anticipated film “Mulan” and delayed future “Star Wars” and “Avatar” movies by one year, due to Covid-19 pandemic.

This was the third time the live-action remake of the animated hit “Mulan” was postponed, and this time no new date was set. Theaters hopes the film would help bring audiences, particularly families, back to cinemas.

The action delays some of Disney’s biggest sequels. The next Avatar 2 was originally set for December 17, 2021, will now release on December 16, 2022. Avatar 3 moves from December 22, 2023 to December 20, 2024 followed by Avatar 4 from December 19, 2025 to December 18, 2026 and Avatar 5 from December 17, 2027 to December 22, 2028.

The next Star Wars film, which was set for December 16, 2022, has moved to December 22, 2023. A second Star Wars film has moved from December 20, 2024 to December 19, 2025 followed by a third film moving from December 18, 2026 to December 17, 2027.

Nine other films including “The Personal History of David Copperfield,” were either delayed or completely taken off the company’s schedule.

Secretary Pompeo urges more assertive approach to China

U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo’s speech slamming China was an “angry lament” and “extended ideological rant” that would do little to change Beijing’s behavior, said Daniel Russel, former assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs. Later Pompeo said Washington and its allies should use “more creative and assertive ways” to press the Chinese Communist Party to change its ways, calling it the mission of our time.

He also called for the engagement and empowerment of the Chinese people whom he described as “dynamic and freedom-loving people who are completely distinct from the Chinese Communist Party.”

He said “blind engagement” with China and repeated frequently leveled U.S. charges about its unfair trade practices, human rights abuses and efforts to infiltrate American society.

He said China’s military had became “stronger and more menacing” and the approach to Beijing should be “distrust and verify,” adapting President Ronald Reagan’s “trust but verify” mantra about the Soviet Union in the 1980s.

Relations between the U.S. and China — the world’s top two economies — have been at their worst in decades. In addition to the countries’ ongoing trade war, both sides have recently sparred over a range of issues including the origin of the corona virus and China’s move to implement a national security law in Hong Kong.

Later he said one NATO ally, which he did not name, was unwilling to stand up for freedom in Hong Kong because it feared restricted access to China’s market.

While some conservative commentators praised Pompeo’s speech on social media and elsewhere, some other analysts were not impressed.

Intellectual Property Rights

A form of property called Intellectual property has come into existence and its importance is growing the immaterial products of a man’s brain may be as valuable as his land or his goods. the law ,therefore, gives him a proprietary right in its, and the unauthorised use of it by other person is a violation of his ownership , no less than theft or trespass is.

According to article 2 (vii) of the convention establishing the world Intellectual property organisation(WIPO) ‘Intellectual Property’ shall include the rights relating to-

-literary, artistic, scientific works

-preformance of performing artists,phonograms and broadcasts

-invention in all field of human endeavour,

-scientific designs ,

– industrial designs,

– trademarks , service marks And commercial names and designations ,

– protection against unfair competition.

And all together rights resulting from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, literary or artistic fields.

Intellectual peoperty rights (IPRs) are legal rights governing the use of creation of the human mind.

The mundane .object of IPR , generally , is to exclude third parties from exploting protected subject -matter without explicit authorisation of the right holder,for a creation duration of time.Intellectual property rights help creative and inventive activities of orderly marketing of proprietary goods and services.

Categories of Intellectual property Rights

According to the TRIPs , the intellectual property rights are:

1.copyright and related rights

A)rights of artists, printers,musicians, sculptors, photographers,and authors for copyright in their works.

B) Rights of computer programmers whether in source or object code for a copyright in their programmes and compilation data

C) Rights of performers, producers of phonogrammes, and broadcasting organizations in respect of fixation on their programmes for a copyright in their work

2.Right of traders in their trade marks.

3. Right of manufacturers and producers on gegraphical indication in relation to such products and produce.

4.Rights of designers for their distinctive design striking to the eye.

5. Patents-

A) rights of inventors for patent to his invention

B) rights of plant breeders and farmers

C) Right of biological diversity

6. Right of computer technologists for their layout design of integrated circuits

7.Right Of businessmen for protection of their undisclosed information on technology and management i.e.,business secrets.

To ensure that software Development does not violate the cyber laws and enforces IPR calls for paradigm shift in analyzing and modeling nonfunctional and domain requirements in order to deliver quality and legal software product..

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Importance of Education

Doorway to Success

Conclusion

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Self knowledge and self esteem

Stimulation

Emotional & Physical Health

Loneliness

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