What Is DIGITAL MARKETING :Digital marketing is the component of marketing that utilizes internet and online based digital technologies such as desktop computers, mobile phones and other digital media and platforms to promote products and services.

It is the component of marketing that utilizes internet and online based digital technologies such as desktop computers, mobile phones and other digital media and platforms to promote products and services. Its development during the 1990s and 2000s, changed the way brands and businesses use technology for marketing. As digital platforms became increasingly incorporated into marketing plans and everyday life, and as people increasingly use digital devices instead of visiting physical shops, digital marketing campaigns have become prevalent, employing combinations of search engine optimization (SEO), search engine marketing (SEM), content marketing, influencer marketing, content automation, campaign marketing, data-driven marketing, e-commerce marketing, social media marketing, social media optimization, e-mail direct marketing, display advertising, e–books, and optical disks and games have become commonplace. Digital marketing extends to non-Internet channels that provide digital media, such as television, mobile phones (SMS and MMS), callback, and on-hold mobile ring tones.The extension to non-Internet channels differentiates digital marketing from online marketing. 

Types of DIGITAL MARKETING :There are as many specializations within digital marketing as there are ways of interacting using digital media. Here are a few key examples. Search engine optimization Search engine optimization, or SEO, is technically a marketing tool rather than a form of marketing in itself. The Balance defines it as “the art and science of making web pages attractive to search engines.” The “art and science” part of SEO is what’s most important. SEO is a science because it requires you to research and weigh different contributing factors to achieve the highest possible ranking. Today, the most important elements to consider when optimizing a web page include: Quality of content Level of user engagement Mobile-friendliness Number and quality of inbound links The strategic use of these factors makes SEO a science, but the unpredictability involved makes it an art.Now a days through Digital Marketing student will earn a lot and  build knowledge also. 

The Benefits of Digital Marketing :Digital marketing has become prominent largely because it reaches such a wide audience of people, but it offers a number of other advantages as well. These are a few of the benefits. A broad geographic reach Cost efficiency Quantifiable results Easier personalization More connection with customers Easy and convenient conversions.Digital marketing should be one of the primary focuses of almost any business’s overall marketing strategy. Never before has there been a way to stay in such consistent contact with your customers, and nothing else offers the level of personalization that digital data can provide. The more you embrace the possibilities of digital marketing, the more you’ll be able to realize your company’s growth potential.

Brand Awareness :One of the key objectives of modern digital marketing is to raise brand awareness, the extent to which customers and the general public are familiar with and recognize a particular brand.

Enhancing brand awareness is important in digital marketing, and marketing in general, because of its impact on brand perception and consumer decision-making. According to the 2015 essay, “Impact of Brand on Consumer Behavior”:

“Brand awareness, as one of the fundamental dimensions of brand equity, is often considered to be a prerequisite of consumers’ buying decision, as it represents the main factor for including a brand in the consideration set. Brand awareness can also influence consumers’ perceived risk assessment and their confidence in the purchase decision, due to familiarity with the brand and its characteristics.”

Recent trends show that businesses and digital marketers are prioritizing brand awareness, focusing more on their digital marketing efforts on cultivating brand recognition and recall than in previous years. This is evidenced by a 2019 Content Marketing Institute study, which found that 81% of digital marketers have worked on enhancing brand recognition over the past year.

Another Content Marketing Institute survey revealed 89% of B2B marketers now believe improving brand awareness to be more important than efforts directed at increasing sales.

     Increasing brand awareness is a focus of digital marketing strategy for a number of reasons:

1.The growth of online shopping

2.The role of digital interaction in customer behaviour

3.The growing influence and role of brand awareness in online consumer decision-making.

4. The use, convenience, and influence of social media

Online methods used to build brand awareness:The most important and relevant topics of Digital Marketing is now begin if any one have enough knowledge and information about following topics then they do anything through Digital Marketing.

   Building brand awareness may involve such methods/tools as:

a) Search engine optimization (SEO):

Search engine optimization techniques may be used to improve the visibility of business websites and brand-related content for common industry-related search queries.

The importance of SEO to increasing brand awareness is said to correlate with the growing influence of search results and search features like featured snippets, knowledge panels, and local SEO on customer behavior.

b) Search engine marketing (SEM):

SEM, also known as PPC advertising, involves the purchase of ad space in prominent, visible positions atop search results pages and websites. Search ads have been shown to have a positive impact on brand recognition, awareness and conversions.

33% of searchers who click on paid ads do so because they directly respond to their particular search query.

c) Social media marketing:

70% of marketers list increasing brand awareness as their number one goal for marketing on social media platforms. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube are listed as the top platforms currently used by social media marketing teams. 

d) Content marketing:

56% of marketers believe personalized content – brand-centered blogs, articles, social updates, videos, landing pages – improves brand recall and engagement. 

According to Mentionlytics, an active and consistent content strategy that incorporates elements of interactive content creation, social posting, and guest blogging can improve brand awareness and loyalty by 88%.

e) Articles and Blogs:So many peoples are interested in writing articles blogs, news etc it build peoples knowledge and personality. If we have a company blog, share the articles to our social media feeds with direct links where we can. Blog posts sharing company news, open job postings, and industry developments can be repurposed to share on social media.

For Instagram, post an appealing on-brand graphic that fits the content. If we are posting to the feed, redirect users to a link in our bio. If we are posting to Stories (and we have over 10,000 followers), employ the “Swipe up” feature..

In LinkedIn, in-house articles and blog posts are a great way to share our expertise and provide updates on your company’s work. We can share these articles directly through LinkedIn’s publishing platform.

# Ineffective forms of digital marketing :Digital marketing activity is still growing across the world according to the headline global marketing index. A study published in September 2018, found that global outlays on digital marketing tactics are approaching $100 billion. Digital media continues to rapidly grow; while the marketing budgets are expanding, traditional media is declining (World Economics, 2015).Digital media helps brands reach consumers to engage with their product or service in a personalized way. Five areas, which are outlined as current industry practices that are often ineffective are prioritizing clicks, balancing search and display, understanding mobiles, targeting, viewability, brand safety and invalid traffic, and cross-platform measurement (Whiteside, 2016).Why these practices are ineffective and some ways around making these aspects effective are discussed surrounding the following points.

a) Prioritizing clicks:

Prioritizing clicks refers to display click ads, although advantageous by being ‘simple, fast and inexpensive’ rates for display ads in 2016 is only 0.10 percent in the United States. This means one in a thousand click ads is relevant therefore having little effect. This displays that marketing companies should not just use click ads to evaluate the effectiveness of display advertisements (Whiteside, 2016).

b) Balancing search and display:

Balancing search and display for digital display ads are important; marketers tend to look at the last search and attribute all of the effectiveness of this. This, in turn, disregards other marketing efforts, which establish brand value within the consumer’s mind. ComScore determined through drawing on data online, produced by over one hundred multichannel retailers that digital display marketing poses strengths when compared with or positioned alongside, paid search (Whiteside, 2016).This is why it is advised that when someone clicks on a display ad the company opens a landing page, not its home page. A landing page typically has something to draw the customer in to search beyond this page. T Commonly marketers see increased sales among people exposed to a search ad. But the fact of how many people you can reach with a display campaign compared to a search campaign should be considered. Multichannel retailers have an increased reach if the display is considered in synergy with search campaigns. Overall both search and display aspects are valued as display campaigns build awareness for the brand so that more people are likely to click on these digital ads when running a search campaign (Whiteside, 2016).

Channels

Digital Marketing Channels are systems based on the Internet that can create, accelerate, and transmit product value from producer to a consumer terminal, through digital networks. Digital marketing is facilitated by multiple Digital Marketing channels, As an advertiser one’s core objective is to find channels which result in maximum two-way communication and a better overall ROI for the brand. There are multiple digital marketing channels available namely. 

 A)  Affiliate marketing – Affiliate marketing is perceived to not be considered a safe, reliable, and easy means of marketing through online platforms. This is due to a lack of reliability in terms of affiliates that can produce the demanded number of new customers. As a result of this risk and bad affiliates, it leaves the brand prone to exploitation in terms of claiming commission that isn’t honestly acquired. Legal means may offer some protection against this, yet there are limitations in recovering any losses or investment. Despite this, affiliate marketing allows the brand to market towards smaller publishers and websites with smaller traffic. Brands that choose to use this marketing often should beware of such risks involved and look to associate with affiliates in which rules are laid down between the parties involved to assure and minimize the risk involved.

 B) Display Marketing: As the term implies, online display advertising deals with showcasing promotional messages or ideas to the consumer on the internet. This includes a wide range of advertisements like advertising blogs, networks, interstitial ads, contextual data, ads on search engines, classified or dynamic advertisements, etc.

C) Email Marketing :Email marketing in comparison to other forms of digital marketing is considered cheap; it is also a way to rapidly communicate a message such as their value proposition to existing or potential customers. Yet this channel of communication may be perceived by recipients to be bothersome and irritating especially to new or potential customers, therefore the success of email marketing is reliant on the language and visual appeal applied. In terms of visual appeal, there are indications that using graphics/visuals that are relevant to the message which is attempting to be sent, yet less visual graphics to be applied with initial emails are more effective in-turn creating a relatively personal feel to the email 

D) Search Engine Marketing :Search engine marketing (SEM) is a form of Internet marketing that involves the promotion of websites by increasing their visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs) primarily through paid advertising. 

E) Social Media Marketing :The term ‘Digital Marketing’ has a number of marketing facets as it supports different channels used in and among these, comes the Social Media. When we use social media channels ( Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram, Google+, etc.) to market a product or service, the strategy is called Social Media Marketing 

F) In gaming Advertising :In-Game advertising is defined as the “inclusion of products or brands within a digital game.The game allows brands or products to place ads within their game, either in a subtle manner or in the form of an advertisement banner. There are many factors that exist in whether brands are successful in the advertising of their brand/product, these being: Type of game, technical platform, 3-D and 4-D technology, game genre, congruity of brand and game, prominence of advertising within the game. Individual factors consist of attitudes towards placement advertisements. 

G) Content Writing :This is an approach to marketing that focuses on gaining and retaining customers by offering helpful content to customers that improves the buying experience and creates brand awareness. A brand may use this approach to hold a customer’s attention with the goal of influencing potential purchase decisions 

#Benefits of Social Media Marketing :

• Allows companies to promote themselves to large, diverse audiences that could not be reached through traditional marketing such as phone and email based advertising.
• Marketing on most social media platforms comes at little to no cost- making it accessible to virtually any size business.
• Accommodates personalized and direct marketing that targets specific demographics and markets.
• Companies can engage with customers directly, allowing them to obtain feedback and resolve issues almost immediately.
• Ideal environment for a company to conduct market research.
• Can be used as a means of obtaining information about competitors and boost competitive advantage. 
• Social platforms can be used to promote brand events, deals, and news.
  • Platforms can also be used to offer incentives in the form of loyalty points and discounts.
•    Self Regulation :                                               
• Clear and transparent mechanisms to enable consumers to choose not to have their data collected for advertising or marketing purposes;
• Clear indication that a social network site is commercial and is under the control or influence of a marketer;
• Limits are set so that marketers communicate directly only when there are reasonable grounds to believe that the consumer 

#Stages of planning

Using Dr Dave Chaffey’s approach, the digital marketing planning (DMP) has three main stages: Opportunity, Strategy, and Action. He suggests that any business looking to implement a successful digital marketing strategy must structure their plan by looking at opportunity, strategy and action. This generic strategic approach often has phases of situation review, goal setting, strategy formulation, resource allocation and monitoring.

1) Opportunity 

To create an effective DMP, a business first needs to review the marketplace and set ‘SMART’ (Specific, Measurable, Actionable, Relevant, and Time-Bound) objectives.They can set SMART objectives by reviewing the current benchmarks and key performance indicators (KPIs) of the company and competitors. It is pertinent that the analytics used for the KPIs be customized to the type, objectives, mission, and vision of the company.

Companies can scan for marketing and sales opportunities by reviewing their own outreach as well as influencer outreach. This means they have competitive advantage because they are able to analyse their co-marketers influence and brand associations.

To seize the opportunity, the firm should summarize its current customers’ personas and purchase journey from this they are able to deduce their digital marketing capability. This means they need to form a clear picture of where they are currently and how many resources they can allocate for their digital marketing strategy i.e. labor, time, etc. By summarizing the purchase journey, they can also recognize gaps and growth for future marketing opportunities that will either meet objectives or propose new objectives and increase profit.

2) Strategy

To create a planned digital strategy, the company must review their digital proposition (what you are offering to consumers) and communicate it using digital customer targeting techniques. So, they must define online value proposition (OVP), this means the company must express clearly what they are offering customers online e.g. brand positioning.

The company should also (re)select target market segments and personas and define digital targeting approaches.

After doing this effectively, it is important to review the marketing mix for online options. The marketing mix comprises the 4Ps – Product, Price, Promotion, and Place. Some academics have added three additional elements to the traditional 4Ps of marketing Process, Place, and Physical appearance making it 7Ps of marketing.

3) Action

The third and final stage requires the firm to set a budget and management systems; these must be measurable touchpoints, such as the audience reached across all digital platforms. Furthermore, marketers must ensure the budget and management systems are integrating the paid, owned, and earned media of the company. The Action and final stage of planning also requires the company to set in place measurable content creation e.g. oral, visual or written online media.

After confirming the digital marketing plan, a scheduled format of digital communications (e.g. Gantt Chart) should be encoded throughout the internal operations of the company. This ensures that all platforms used fall in line and complement each other for the succeeding stages of digital marketing strategy.

#Understanding the market:

One way marketers can reach out to consumers, and understand their thought process is through what is called an empathy map. An empathy map is a four-step process. The first step is through asking questions that the consumer would be thinking in their demographic. The second step is to describe the feelings that the consumer may be having. The third step is to think about what the consumer would say in their situation. The final step is to imagine what the consumer will try to do based on the other three steps. This map is so marketing teams can put themselves in their target demographics shoes.Web Analytics are also a very important way to understand consumers. They show the habits that people have online for each website. One particular form of these analytics is predictive analytics which helps marketers figure out what route consumers are on. This uses the information gathered from other analytics and then creates different predictions of what people will do so that companies can strategize on what to do next, according to the people’s trends

 #Shearing Economy :The “sharing economy” refers to an economic pattern that aims to obtain a resource that is not fully utilized.Nowadays, the sharing economy has had an unimagined effect on many traditional elements including labor, industry, and distribution system.This effect is not negligible that some industries are obviously under threat.The sharing economy is influencing the traditional marketing channels by changing the nature of some specific concept including ownership, assets, and recruitment.

Digital marketing channels and traditional marketing channels are similar in function that the value of the product or service is passed from the original producer to the end user by a kind of supply chain.Digital Marketing channels, however, consist of internet systems that create, promote, and deliver products or services from producer to consumer through digital networks. Increasing changes to marketing channels has been a significant contributor to the expansion and growth of the sharing economy.Such changes to marketing channels has prompted unprecedented and historic growth. In addition to this typical approach, the built-in control, efficiency and low cost of digital marketing channels is an essential features in the application of sharing economy. In presnt days Digital Marketing is good earning opportunity for student and its a trending topic in every social media plateform. 

“What mental health needs is more sunlight, more candor, and more unashamed conversation.” Glenn Close 

As said by Glenn Close, Mental Health is something which grows on and effects the functioning of your mind and body, if not taken care at the correct time. Mental health refers to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional well-being. It is all about how people think, feel, and behave. People sometimes use the term “mental health” to mean the absence of a mental disorder. Mental Health refers to your emotional and psychological wellbeing. Having good mental health helps you lead a relatively happy and healthy life. It helps you demonstrate resilience and the ability to cope in the face of life’s adversities. It adversely effects your daily life and affects the working of mind and body. Your mental health can be influenced by a variety of factors, including life events or even your genetics.  

Causes of Mental Health  

In the recent years, it has been observed that the number of mental health cases are increasing day-by-day. The leading cause of disability is Depression, and the second leading cause is Suicide. Mental health problems can have a wide range of causes. It’s likely that for many people there is a complicated combination of factors – although different people may be more deeply affected by certain things than others. 

For example, the following factors could potentially result in a period of poor mental health: 

• childhood abuse, trauma, or neglect 
• social isolation or loneliness 
• experiencing discrimination and stigma 
• social disadvantage, poverty or debt 
• bereavement (losing someone close to you) 
• severe or long-term stress 
• having a long-term physical health condition 
• unemployment or losing your job 
• homelessness or poor housing 
• being a long-term career for someone 
• drug and alcohol misuse 
• domestic violence, bullying or other abuse as an adult 
• significant trauma as an adult, such as military combat, being involved in a serious incident in which you feared for your life, or being the victim of a violent crime 
• physical causes – for example, a head injury or a neurological condition such as epilepsy can have an impact on your behavior and mood. (It’s important to rule out potential physical causes before seeking further treatment for a mental health problem). 

Although lifestyle factors including work, diet, drugs and lack of sleep can all affect your mental health, if you experience a mental health problem there are usually other factors as well.  

These days the Mental Health is not that good, as there is so much going on everywhere and it effects the us mentally in someway or the other. 

Mental Health Disorder 

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) helps mental health professionals diagnose mental illnesses. There are many types of mental health disorders. In fact, almost 300 different conditions are listed in DSM-5. The disorders listed are- Bipolar Disorder, Persistent Depressive Disorder, Generalized anxiety disorder, Major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, etc. 

Coping with Mental Disorder  

The symptoms of many mental illnesses may get worse if they’re left untreated. Reach out for psychological help if you or someone you know may have a mental illness. If you’re unsure where to start, visit your primary care doctor. They can help with the initial diagnosis and provide a referral to a psychiatrist. It’s important to know that you can still have a full and happy life with a mental illness. Working with a therapist and other members of your mental health team will help you learn healthy ways to manage your condition. 

Mental Health Treatment  

Treatment for mental health disorders is not one size fits all, and it does not offer a cure. Instead, treatment aims to reduce symptoms, address underlying causes, and make the condition manageable. You and your doctor will work together to find a plan. It may be a combination of treatments because some people have better results with a multi-angle approach.

Hey! You are not a responsible a person.

Even waking up early in the morning taking care of all your stuff yourself without taking any bodies help till the day ends and you go sleep.

Some people give remarks like these to us every now and then, who cares because we know we are responsible King or queen of our whole generation.

But wait, why do these people always say something about us which of cores now we do not care about.

If you keep a focus eye on it you will find out that the things you thought are competed are still yet to get completed like according to you its 100%(percent) completed but the reality is its only almost 98%(percent).

DO we have an all right all complete glasses over our eye will tells us these data? Well might have.

So how to remove that imaginator cover of glasses from our beautiful eyes.

To get all these let us start from the basics that is from.

What is the meaning of responsibility? According to google it is.

– the state or fact of having a duty to deal with something or of having control over someone:

“a true leader takes responsibility for their team and helps them achieve goals.”

From this above meaning let us have our discussion. The leader has taken the responsibility for the team to achieve their goal and what if when he is not given any control for the same will he be responsible for it?

Maybe not because from the definition stated above. Because the same persons have the responsibility who has a control over the same.

What is the meaning of being responsible?

According to google search.

– having an obligation to do something, or having control over or care for someone, as part of one’s job or role:

“The department responsible for education”

From the sentence above it states that a person who is obliged to do something, and from the previous example the leader is responsible because he is obliged to fulfill his task as to get his team achieve their goal.

And here it is us who has the control over something (it is our stuff anyway) and does accordingly for it but we not are not obliged to do it completely. And once you understand, it is simple you move forward without having any burden in your life.

For example: –

There was a man names BAG he daily rides his bicycle to the playground where he plays the sports, he loved playing, he has a very close friend to him they used to play along with other friends on the field. One day BAG comes home with his friend on his friends sooty and after sometimes when BAG family members noticed where is his bicycle they went to the room where he was resting after having his dinner, they said that ‘hey BAG where is your bicycle did you lent it someone?’ Then BAG replied’ Oh shit, I forget it there on the field’ then he quickly ran there and hopefully found his bicycle kept there.

But what if some thief has stolen it away from there and something wrong would had happened. Is it that BAG is not responsible, Tough he rushed fast to get back his bicycle but what it is that he forgets it he had control over it but he was not responsible towards; it not obliged?

Sometimes there are situation when we seriously forget, but it is okay until it’s too late to realize it

So always be responsible towards your responsibility because it is your own controlled area.  

Chai Sutta Bar is a fast-growing Tea cafe chain in India that came into existence in 2016. The brand hails its origin from Indore the commercial capital of Madhya Pradesh. The brand has now 140+ outlets in 70 cities of country and also in 3 countries Oman , Nepal and Dubai. It has been serving the chai with traditional style in Kulhad.

The brand is owned by the duo of Anubhav- Anand who are young entrepreneurs. They started the venture with an investment of 3 lakh rupees and within 5 years it grown into 100 crore franchise.

They took a shop on rent for 18000 per month.

They shifted from paper cups to kulhad (earthen pots) and served seven types of chai, including chocolate flavour which was much loved by the youngsters, rose chai, besides the traditional masala, ginger, cardamom chai and a special paan flavoured chai.

The price ranges between Rs 10 and Rs 200 for chai and other items that they offer including maggi, sandwiches, and pizzas.

They used some simple marketing tips in early days of business. They started there first shop near girls hostel and in initial days offered free chai to gather crowd. They called their school ans college friends for visiting cafe and free chai. The crowd attracted attention of people and the customers began to come.

This is the story of young entrepreneurs who established that business requires mind and motto. Age is just a number. Anubhav was 22 when he started this business and without any family background in business. He became successful and inspiration to many.

The 124^th Constitutional Amendment was done to amend the Constitution of India to extend 10 per cent reservation in direct recruitment in government jobs and for admission in higher educational institutions to ‘economically weaker’ sections. The reservation seeks to provide for the advancement of economically weaker sections of all castes and communities including Christians and Muslims. It intends to help the poor among the upper castes.

In simple terms, reservation is about facilitating access to seats in the government jobs, educational institutions and even legislatures to certain sections of the population. In India, it is governed by government policies backed by the Indian Constitution. 

HISTORICAL CONTEXT

The origin of reservation system is rooted in the age-old caste system of India. These sections of society especially those of lower castes have faced historical injustice due to their caste identity. Historically, William Hunter and Jyotirao Phule in 1882 originally conceived the idea of caste-based reservation system.

The reservation system that exists today was introduced in 1933 when British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald presented the ‘Communal Award’. The award made provisions for separate electorates for Muslims, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indian, Europeans and the Dalits. After long negotiations, Gandhi and Ambedkar signed the ‘Ponna Pact’, where it was decided that there would be a angle Hindu electorate with certain reservations in it. After independence, initially reservation were provided only for SCs and STs and OBCs were included in the ambit of reservation in 1991 on the recommendations of the Mandal Commission.

INCREASE IN DEMAND FOR RESERRVATIONS

The increase in demand for reservation can be traced to the fact that it is being seen as a remedy for the adverse effects of ill-thought out development policies. A number of factors are responsible for violent agitation associated with demands for reservation. These are acute agrarian distress, increase in unemployment and loss of jobs among many others.

A widespread demand for reservations among different sections of society is being made; this includes Marathas in Maharashtra, Jats in Haryana, Rajput’s in Rajasthan, Kapus in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh and Patel Patidars in Gujarat among many others.

Increasing reservation demands among upper castes are also arising from the fear of losing privilege and the inability to cope with change. Thus, upper castes have begun to feel disadvantaged especially in context of government jobs as they don’t get similar advantages like the backward classes.

CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS FOR EWS RESERVATION

In a significant move to address demands of the Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) of the society who were earlier not covered by any of the existing schemes of reservation. The 124^th Amendment to the Constitution, 2019 was brought so as to provide 10% reservation for the weaker section of general category in direct recruitment for government jobs and admission to higher educational institutions. The Act amends Article 15 and 16 of the Constitution, by adding a clause which allows state to make special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of general category. Accordingly, Articles 15(6) and 16(6) have been inserted in the Constitution to effect the reservation for EWS.      

ELIGIBLITY FOR EWS RESERVATION

The Union Government has set certain criterion to be eligible for reservation in EWS category. The reservation benefits can be availed by those persons who are not covered under the scheme of reservation for SCs, STs and OBCs and whose family has gross annual income below ₹ 8 lakh. Income shall also include income from all sources i.e. salary, agriculture, profession, etc., for the financial year prior to the year of application. Also, persons whose family owns or possesses any of the following assets shall be excluded from being identified as EWS, irrespective of the family income

• 5 acres of agricultural land and above.
• Residential flat of 1000 sq. ft. and above
• Residential plot of 100 sq. yards and above in notified municipalities.
• Residential plot of 200 sq. yards and above in areas other than the notified municipalities.

The property held by a ‘Family’ in different locations or different places/cities would be clubbed while applying the land or property holding test to determine EWS status. The term ‘Family’ for this purpose will include the person who seeks benefit of reservation, his/her parents and siblings below the age of 18years as also his\her spouse and children below the age of 18years. Further, the states will also determine the reservation criterion accordingly depending upon local factors. The applicability of the reservation is for both jobs in the government sector as well as for seats in higher educational institutions i.e. colleges and universities.  

CHALLENGES TO CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS FOR EWS QUOTA

As the Constitution stands amended, the only constitutional challenge left is conformity to the basic structure doctrine. So far, it has become an established principle that reservation shall have a cap of 50%. In the Indira Sawhney Case (1992), the Supreme Court said that such quotas cannot be provided for poverty alone. It has to be poverty plus social and educational backwardness and the backwardness should reflect historic injustice through generations. The court then said that reservations beyond 50% will hit Article 14 (Right to Equality). Half of jobs and seats in educational institutions must, therefore be for the general merit category. Equality is part of the basic structure, the court insisted. Hence, this step will also violate the Supreme Court ruling of Kesavananda Bharati Case which said that any amendment which offended the basic structure of constitution would be ultra vires.

CONCLUSION

Reservation is fair, as far as it provides appropriate positive discrimination for the benefit of the downtrodden and economically backward sections of the society. However, it also leads to associated problems, such as passing the benefits to only a privileged group who have already been benefited by reservation. The communities excluded from reservations often harbour animosity and prejudice against the castes included in the reservation category. When more people aspire for backwardness rather than of forwardness, the country itself stagnates. A strong political will is indispensable to find equilibrium between justice to the backwards, equity for the forwards and efficiency for the entire system.

I don’t believe in celebrating father’s day. 20th June of every year celebrated as Father’s day, that’s one day out of 365. What about the other 364 days of the year celebrating with you? What about the 364 days of the year being blessed with you? What about the 364 days of the year having you by my side?

THE BEST FATHER
It feels like I am 8, writing an essay about my dad. No, wait, did we ever write about our dad? I never did so. People are fond of writing about their mother, best friend, sister and maybe a brother. Don’t fathers deserve to be appreciated more often? I think fathers are the most deserving yet the least appreciated persons in our lives. So here, I would like to take a moment to give a tribute to the best man in my life, MY FATHER.
I know I have never made it easy for you to be my father but you have always done, and will always do, your very best. You have helped me learn things about myself. You have taught me patience, wisdom, kindness, selflessness, and how to care for others. Most importantly, you have taught me to give love unconditionally. I am sure there are a lot of lessons yet to be learned.
You’ve always been the best person in our lives. You have been the best son, brother, husband, father, and best person. I wish your father could be here to celebrate with us too. I bet he’d be so proud to see the dad you’re to me. We might have done some good deeds in the past that God has blessed us with you. And I pray every single day to be blessed with you for all the rest of my life.
People generally bond with our mothers but we tend to forget about the joy of bonding with our fathers. People forget how fun it could be to laugh with him, have a meal together, watch football matches, experimenting with new recipes, and hang with each other every day. Here’s to all the movie nights, hypothetical conversations, stupid arguments, and a flood of memories.
I’ll be with you every day. It’ll be just you and me in the hospital room as much as the nurses and doctors will let us be. I know you still don’t open your eyes and can’t talk, but I am sure you hear me and one day, I’ll see you smile again. I’ll wait for the day, till then I have plenty of thank yous to say and lots of hugs to give.
I love you, dad. You have always been the best dad to me.

In addition to the fact that dad has to hold down an everyday work, except he is likewise expected to assist when he shows up home, following a monotonous day’s worth of effort. This is what is generally anticipated of the advanced dad, and he is prepared to acknowledge the duty. As a rule, father will be the drill sergeant in the home, so he must be the hero, and the trouble maker. It’s anything but an extraordinarily troublesome occupation surely, and one that we as a whole should be grateful for.

History

Father’s Day was established in the US by Sonora Smart Dodd. Sonora’s dad was a Civil War veteran William Jackson Smart, a solitary parent from Arkansas who benevolently brought up six youngsters. Sonora had caught wind of how Anna Jarvis had made Mother’s Day to pay tribute to her mom. Thus, she told the minister of her congregation that there ought to be something almost identical to commend fathers. She needed to respect and recognize the part of fathers and all dad like figures on the date of her dad’s birthday, which was June 5. The congregation didn’t consent to the appeal yet at last, Sonora persuaded individuals to take part. Consequently, the date was pushed, and the festival was in the end conceded to the third Sunday of June.

Significance

Father’s Day recognizes and honors dads’ contributions to their families and to society as a whole. Children have the opportunity to honor their fathers and father figures on this day, as well as all those who have played a significant part in their lives.

On this day, children celebrate paternity by recognizing their father’s efforts and contributions to the family. They shower their father with gifts, touching cards, outings, and dinners to make him feel special.

Some people also spend the day doing things that they can do with their father, such as hiking, fishing, camping, shopping, art and craft, or just hanging around watching TV. In India, most children have a stronger bond with their moms, thus this day provides an excellent opportunity for people to strengthen their bonds with their fathers.

Quotes for Father

Sometimes the greatest way to express your sentiments is to use a Dad quote. Whether you want to express your sentiments to your own father or share with the world how you feel about being a parent, these sincere examples can help.

“Thank God for the unique bond that exists between fathers and daughters. It has received divine blessings.”

“You helped me grow up to be a strong woman, Dad. I am grateful to you for creating a world full of love for me.”

“You’re the bravest person I’ve ever met, Dad. You’ve taught me how to be brave in my heart, mind, and spirit while remaining loyal to myself.”

“A leader, in my opinion, is someone who prioritizes the group’s well-being before his own. Fathers are in the same boat.”

“Fatherly love is the act of devoting your life to meet the needs of another.”

“A girl’s father is her first true love.”

“I never met a man who could compare to my father, and I never loved another man as much.”

“A father’s sorrows and concerns go unnoticed, and his love goes unspoken, but his care and protection remain a rock of strength throughout our lives.”

“She wasn’t alone; what stood behind her, the most powerful moral force in her life, was her father’s love.”