The concept of web design and development has been around for about as long as websites have existed. It used to have a much simpler definition because website creation used to be a much simpler process. When you compare the first website, which came out in 1991, to modern websites, you can really see how much websites have evolved. Today creating and maintaining a website is more complex, and involves an entire ecosystem of roles and skill sets. For designers, it can be difficult to know exactly where you fit into this ecosystem. This article outlines the major aspects of the website creation process, offering a clear picture of your role, the role of others, and the skill sets involved.

ELEMENTS ODF WEB DESIGN:

LAYOUT: The layout is the arrangement of the websites header, navigation menu, footer, content and graphics. The layout depends on the website’s purpose and how a web designer wants the user to interact with the website. For example a photography website would prioritize big beautiful images, while an editorial site would prioritize text and letter spacing.

VISUAL HIERARCHY: A user should be able to access the information they need by glancing at a website. This is where visual hierarchy comes in. Visual hierarchy is the process of determining which aesthetic aspects of the website should stand out using size, color, spacing and more.

COLOR: Color gives a website personality, makes it stand out, and shows the user how to take action. The color palate might be determines by a brand’s existing identity. A consistent color palate helps give order to a website.

ACCESIBILITY: Who can or cannot use a website is dependent on the website accessibility. Making accessibility a priority ensures that all users are able to access and use a website and its functions equally.

GRAPHICS: Graphics are the logos, icons, and images that live on the website. They should compliment the color palate and layout and content.

SPEED: A user’s first impression relies on how long it takes for a website to load. If it takes too long chances are the user won’t stick around.

NAVIGATION: Navigation helps a user get from point A to point B using navigation tools like sight, architecture, menus, and search bars. Simple effective navigation helps users find the information they are looking for quick and easily.

Weathering is the breaking, disintegration and decomposition of materials of the earth’s crust by their exposure to atmosphere.

There are three types of weathering
✓Physical weathering
✓Chemical weathering
✓Biological weathering

Physical weathering

It is the breakdown of rocks without changing their chemical composition, through the action of physical forces. The constant freezing and thawing of rocks during the night and day leads to the expansion and contraction of rocks. Cracks are formed and disintegration occurs eventually. Exfoliation, block disintegration, granular disintegration are the major types of physical weathering.

Exfoliation

The alternate heating and cooling on rounded rock surfaces leads to the peeling of rocks, layer by layer like an onion. This is called exfoliation. Sheeting and shattering are the other forms of exfoliation.

Granular Disintegration

Granular disintegration takes place in crystalline rocks where the grains of the rocks become loose and fall out. This is due to the action of temperature.

Block Disintegration

Repeated expansion and contraction of rocks during day and night respectively causes stress on the joints of the rocks which results in block disintegration.

Chemical Weathering

Disintegration and decomposition of rocks due to chemical reactions is called Chemical Weathering. This is predominantly high in the hot and humid regions such as the equatorial, tropical and sub tropical zones. Chemical weathering takes place through the processes of oxidation, carbonation, solution and hydration. The agents of Chemical weathering are Oxygen, Carbon-dioxide, Hydrogen and water.

Oxidation

Oxygen in the atmosphere reacts with the iron found in rocks, thus leads to the formation of iron oxide. This process similar to the rusting of iron, pressure of air and water is known as oxidation, which results in the weakening of rocks.

Carbonation

Carbonation is the mixing of water with the atmospheric Carbon-dioxide, forming carbonic acid. Carbonation is important in the formation of caves, in limestone region. When the carbonic acid reacts with the carbonate rocks , the rocks get disintegrated.

Solution

The dissolution of rock substances in water result in the loosening of the rock particles. This inturn breaks down the rocks.

Hydration

Absorption of water into the mineral structure, certain chemicals in the rock enlarge in size in humid conditions. These minerals found in the rock swell and this results in the development of cracks and the rock wears down. This type of weathering is called hydration.

Biological Weathering

Biological weathering occurs due to the penetration and expansion of plant roots, earthworms, burrowing animals (rabbits, rats) and some human activities.

Agriculture is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities. The history of agriculture began thousands of years ago. After gathering wild grains beginning atleast 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers began to plant them around 11,500 years ago. Pigs,sheep, and cattle were domesticated over 10,000 years ago.

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Modern acronomy, plant breeding,agrochemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers,and technological developments have sharply increased crop yields, while causing widespread ecological and environmental damage. Environmental issues include contributions to global warming, depletion of aquifers, deforestation, antibiotic resistance, and growth hormones in industrial meat production.

10 reasons why agriculture is important

* It’s the main source of raw materials

* It’s important to international trade

* It plays a big role in a nation’s revenue

* It provides employment

* It’s crucial to a country’s development

* It can help heal the environment

* It goes hand-in-hand with war

* It’s the source of our food supply

* It drives innovation in Technology

* The state of agriculture reflects our future

Agriculture provides most of the world’s food and fabrics. Cotton,wool,and leather are all agricultural products. Agriculture also provides wood for construction and paper products. These products, as well as the agricultural methods used, may vary from one part of the world to another.

Over the last fifty years tourism has grown to be one of the major industries in the world. playing an important role in the economies of many countries. it has also become a social phenomenon as a result of people’s increased leisure time, raising disposable income and the development of more has led to the point where marketing has become a complex and crucial tool in the competitive global marketplace of tourist destinations. when tourism is well planned it can generate benefits at the destination by increasing tourist receipts, government revenue and employment. for more sucessful tourism development, it is crucial to attract tourist s and to recommend the destination for others to revisit. recent tourism marketing researches focus mainly on competitiveness, attractiveness, tourist locality to a destination tourist satisfaction and perceived service quality, and destination image. the customer is the heart of effective service marketing. therefore, there is a need for consumer behaviour research within tourism. challenged to find ways to retain current visitors and attract new ones, marketers must understand tourist behaviour and decision making. according to Ryan and Williams and Buswell, tourist behaviour can be divided into four stages, including previsit, onsite, postvisit, and future decision making. in this study tourist behaviour can be regarded as an aggregrate construct comprising previsit determinants for destination choice on site experience, post visit evaluation and future behavioural intentions. combined these factors help to understand comprehensive destination visitor behaviour. identifying motivations of visitors and increasing the service quality of destinations are viable ways for destinations to remain competitive. in turn these could lead to better understanding of the needs of different destination consumer segments, more careful shaping and launching of new services, pruning of weak services, more effective methods of delivering services, more flexible pricing approaches, and higher levels of client satisfaction. in the past two decades the vacation decision making has become an important issue in tourism research but the emperical applications of the various proposed theories are still scarce.

scholars from variety of social science disciplines focus on how individuals go about making decisions. the utility of this work is evident in the field of marketing in which a substantial body of decision making literature builds from since the 1950’s. a systematic and in depth understanding of buying process in the main goal of pioneering models of consumer behaviour. in order to secure or expand egypt tourism market share, tourism marketers in egypt should pay close attention to travelers behaviour and their perceptions of Egypt as a tourism destination. Therefore in order to understand comprehensively customer behaviour in tourism, various models have been developed to describe and generalize consumer behaviour patterns. The models attempt to show the important role of different elements affecting the decision making process. How people consume travel and tourism products has become a focus of much tourism research. Understanding travel behaviour is imperative in today’s highly competitive business environment. Recently in the field of marketing and consumer research there has been a growing interest in studying market place phenomena from new cultural and postmodern perspective. Alternative approaches to theorizing and empirical research have been proposed and discussed in an attempt to improve both the social and practical patients of academic research. The gradual institutionalization of the interpretive and thus also the culture making and consumer research project that has come to be known as a consumer behaviour. To understand why consumers buy certain products instead of others, marketers study consumer behaviour the way in which external and internal forces shape people exchange activities. The study of consumer behaviour comprises external forces such as family and culture. Internal forces such as attitude and behaviour in the form of participation in exchange activities. If marketers understand why consumer behave in the way that they do, why they make the decisions in the way that they do and why they buy the products and the brands and the brands that they do, then marketers will need to look deeply into the whole manner of decision making. This will include such things as attitude, perception, motivation, and so on. This research aims to examine theoretical and empirical evidence on the casual relationships among tourist motivations, tourist perceptions, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty.

Top 3 Places to Visit in Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand is a beautiful and a small state located in the Northern part of India. Initially it was a part of Uttar Pradesh but later on it got separated and became a new state. It has an area of around 53, 483 km² . It shares it boundaries with UP, Himachal Pradesh, Nepal and Tibet(China). It is widely known and popular for its natural beauty as it is situated in the laps of Great Himalayas. It has tall mountains, deep valleys, perennial rivers and almost everything that a nature lover will admire. Let us look at some of the top places to visit in Uttarakhand :-

1. Mussorie –

There is hardly any word in the dictionary that can truly describe the natural beauty of Mussorie. Located at a height of more than 2000ft it is a nothing less than a heaven for nature lovers and tourists. It is located at a distance of 40 km from the state capital Dehradun and is well connected by roads. Every year lakhs of tourists visit Mussorie to admire its natural beauty. Kempty Waterfall, Bhatta Falls, Jharipani Falls and Mossy Falls attracts a lot of tourists. Lal Tibba and Gun Hill are the two topmost point located at a height of more than 6000ft. From here visitors can catch the view of the mesmerising Himalayan ranges of Kedarnath and Badrinath. Dhanaulti is the main attraction for the tourists. It is located 24km from Mussorie. The snow covered mountains here gives the tourists one of their most beautiful memories.

2. Dehradun –

Dehradun is the state capital of Uttarakhand and also the largest city of it. The headquarters of mostly every major organizations, institutes and government bodies are situated here. It is around 250km from Delhi and is well connected by road and railways. The Jolly Grant Airport provides the airway means of transport. Tourists can enjoy rafting in the rivers. Robber’s Cave which is surrounded by majestic hills gives a lifetime memory to trek lovers. Many temples such as Tapovan Temple and Tapkeshwar Temple gives divine feelings to visitors. Rajaji National Park, Malsi Deer Park and Tiger View Jungle Camp are main attractions for wildlife enthusiasts. Tourists enjoy bathing in Sahastradhara and Shikhar Falls. Har ki Dun, Kedarnath Trek and Rupin Pass Trek gives breath-taking view of snow covered Himalayan mountain range.

3. Haridwar –

Haridwar is one of the most holy places for Hindus. It is famous for its temples and river Ganga. It is located at a distance of 50km from state capital Dehradun. It is well connected by roads and railways Mansa Devi Temple and Chandi Devi Temple are two major attractions for tourists. Both of these temples are located on hills and rope way facilities are provided for tourists to easily visit these temples. Har ki Pauri is also a major divine place located on the banks of river Ganga. The Ganga Temple is located here and The Ganga Aarti that is performed everyday in morning and at evening attracts a lot of visitors. Shantikunj a well renowned Ashram is located 5 km from the district headquarter. Patanjali Yogpeeth, a major medical and research institute located at a distance of 22km is a fast growing destination that is attracting thousands of tourists every year.

Links :-

https://www.holidify.com/places/dehradun/sightseeing-and-things-to-do.html

https://www.google.com/amp/s/pickyourtrail.com/blog/places-to-visit-in-dhanaulti-a-paradisiacal-hill-station/

https://www.euttaranchal.com/tourism/places-to-see-in-haridwar.php

            In our day-to-day life we are using more and more things so, after the usage are we recycling it? Most of us answer is no. This answer statement must be changed for the betterment of our life and the environment. Simple changes make’s great things to occur so, it is everyone’s responsibility to make our environment better.

Recycle

The single word recycle means a lot for the betterment of our environment, when we start to recycle most of thing’s as possible, the Earth will be of less pollution. Less pollution means a fresh air, less contamination of the air, water, land etc., importantly there will be less diseases. It is every individual’s role to make the Earth beautiful, on the other hand Government is also making the new rules to protect the environment, for example the government of Tamil Nadu has banned the usage of one -time use and through away plastics from 1^st January 2019, this rule which banned the production, storage, supply, transport, sale and distribution of one-time plastics, which is extremely effective.

India

            India, the world’s second most populated country, generates around 5.6 million tones of plastic waste annually, according to government figures.

            In India, 77% of waste is disposed of in open dumps, 18% is composed and just 5% is recycled.

            A major chunk of waste is recyclable, which is tapped by the recyclers, they are about 7500 plastic recyclers in India, 312 registered e-waste recyclers and 5 registered construction and demolition waste recycling units.

Process of recycling

1. Collection

The items are collected and taken to the recycling facilities.

• Processing
  • The wastage are separated and preferred materials are used in the

manufacturing the new products.

• Manufacturing

Making old stuff from the new stuff.

• Buying recycled

Purchasing products made from recycled materials bring the loop full circle.

Recycling turns things into other things which is like a magic.

Population is the term which defines.

“The number of people who live in a particular area, city or country” https://languages.oup.com/google-dictionary-hi

Why is it so important and a need to understand population and why do we need to be aware of this?

The most populated countries in the world are: –

1. China                        
2. India                          
3. United States                      
4. Indonesia                            
5. Pakistan
6. Nigeria
7. Brazil
8. Bangladesh
9. Russia
10. Mexico

These are the most populated countries in the world.

As the increased population number in each country brings together many serious problems and opportunities not only in economic aspects, social aspects and political aspects etc.

1. Employement.

Positive impacts: In an underdeveloped country or a developing country there is a need of work force to carry of work more forward. When there is adequate amount of people required available to do the job then the developing process will go on smoothly.

Negative impact: When there is too much of population though there are various job opportunities, vacancies available but there will be only limited number of vacancies available which will not be able to cover vast amount of population and many will be left unemployed.

• Poverty.

Positive impact: When there will be more people then they will work harder and smarted to get them out of poverty and will also tend to get employed as a result they will contribute in reduction of poverty.

           Negative impact: When there will be vast amount of population then there                    would be only little who will get employed the rest will have to work and remain  in that level of poverty.

• Happiness.

Positive impact: When there would be more people there would be more people who will surround you and you will make bonds with them which will make you happy.

Negative impact: people will face too much completion between then to grab opportunities which would make it harder to create a strong bond between them.

There are many positive and negative impacts of high population but in those countries where it is a serious issue there many steps have been taken to reduce population rate I that country.

China

China has adopted One child policy in which only one child was allowed though it benefited in the population reduction in China there was another problem faced when the youth population (Which is also called the working population) was seen a reduction and the population dependent increased and many more problems were faced.

Now China has adopted Two child policy to overcome this situation.

Those counties with less population tend to have strong bonding, better growth opportunities and does not affect environment.

Education is one of the ways which can help with over population in countries. When children are taught in school and at home openly about population then that will educated the children and have a good impact on them because today’s children are going to be the working youth of future.

The counties will less or adequate population benefits with better opportunities some are:

Employment Opportunities: As a result of small size of the population, there will be enough job opportunity for the people.

Increased in Social and Infrastructural Facilities: An under Populated Country experiences a higher per capita in terms of social and infrastructural facilities available to the people in the country.