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NEET, JEE MAINS 2020 exams, parents file petition in SC to ensure no further delay

Vaishali Singh

A group of students and parents have filed a counter plea in the Supreme Court asking it to direct the National Testing Agency to conduct NEET and JEE Main 2020 exams in September as scheduled. This comes on the heels of the plea filed by 11 students asking for the postponement of the exam in the wake of rising COVID cases in the country.

The plea points out that several tests have already been conducted by NTA and other bodies across the country countering the contentions on pandemic created difficulties. It also points out that NTA had given the opportunity to all students to change their exam centres or cities to the ones most convenient to them in view of the COVID situation.

“These exams are so important that they determine students’ career and also the entire life. As such, the Respondent Authorities must take into consideration as a relevant factor the fact that any further deferment of the examination will further add to the stress levels of the students resulting in further traumatising the students with the uncertainty of their future and thereby severely impacting their academic performance in the ultimate examination to be held in future”, reads the plea as reported by Bar and Bench.

The plea further says, “There is an eminent need for the NTA to adhere to the 2nd revised schedule and conduct the all India basis NEET UG-2020 and the JEE (Main) for UG-2020 as it is a settled position that the admission process is time bound and the entire admission schedule is a time regulated process mandated by the judgments of the Hon’ble Apex Court.”

Another fact pointed out by the petition is that students have rigorously been preparing for the NEET 2020 and JEE exams for the past 3 years from the time they were in Class 10. Non-conduct would mean the loss of an academic year and the adverse impact of the same on students appearing for the exam this year.

The petition also brings to notice the University Grants Commission’s (UGC) ‘Revised Guidelines on Examinations and Academic Calendar for the Universities in view of COVID-19 Pandemic’ dated July 6, whereby all universities are mandated to complete the final year examinations by the end of September 2020.

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh banned import of 101 defence items in big push for Atma Nirbhar Bharat

Vaishali Singh

The defence ministry will stop the import of 101 items “beyond given timeline” to boost indigenous production according to Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s mission of Atma Nirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India), Union minister Rajnath Singh said today.  This would mean that the domestic industry will receive contracts worth almost Rs 4 lakh crore within the next six to seven years. The embargo will be implemented in phases between 2020 and 2024, the minister said.

The list includes high technology weapon systems like “artillery guns, assault rifles, corvettes, sonar systems, transport aircrafts, light combat helicopters, radars and many other items”, the Centre said in a statement

The list also includes wheeled Armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs), with  an embargo date of December 2021, “of which the Army is expected to contract almost 200 at an approximate cost of over Rs 5,000 crore,” the ministry said.

The Navy is likely to place demands for submarines with indicative import embargo date of December 2021, of which it expects to contract about six at an approximate cost of almost Rs 42,000 crore.

For the Air Force, it is decided to enlist the LCA MK 1A with an indicative embargo date of December 2020. Of these, 123 are anticipated at an approximate cost of over Rs 85,000 crore, the government said. The ministry will identify more such equipment for import embargo.

The list has been prepared by the defence ministry after consultations with all stakeholders, including the Armed Forces, public and private industry, Mr SIngh said.

“This decision will offer a great opportunity to the Indian defence industry to manufacture the items in the negative list by using their own design and development capabilities or adopting the technologies designed and developed by the DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation) to meet the requirements of the Armed Forces,” the minister said.

All steps will be taken to ensure that timelines for production are met. This would involve a coordinated mechanism for “hand-holding of the industry by the Defence Services”, the minister said. The ministry will identify more such equipment for import embargo.

The reopening of schools and colleges in India

Vaishali Singh

Since the beginning of the phase-wise upliftment of the coronavirus-induced lockdown, a question that has been frequently asked by people, especially students, across the country is when will schools and colleges reopen in India. All education institutions were closed across the country after the Centre imposed a nationwide lockdown to control the spread of the dreadful coronavirus, which is caused by SARS‑CoV‑2. However, a media report has now revealed that the Centre might soon unveil a phase-wise plan to reopen schools and educational institutes across the country between September 1 and November 14 later this month as part of final Unlock guidelines.

The schools and educational institutes across the country are closed since March 23, when the first lockdown to contain the spread of coronavirus pandemic was put in-place. Ever since, the teaching and learning activities are relying on online modes, whose success has been limited because of the uneven availability of smart-devices, specifically in the country’s hinterland.

According to a report in Economic Times, the specifics of the plan have been formulated by the group of secretaries associated with the Group of Ministers (GoM) on COVID-19 management, which is being headed by Health Minister and Member of Parliament from Delhi’s Chandni Chowk, Dr Harsh Vardhan.

The report quoting its sources said that central government will simply issue Broad Standard Operation Procedures (SOPs) as for the opening of schools and educational institutions, with the final decision left to the respective state governments so as to decide when and how to restart the classroom teaching.

What does the Centre’s formulation of opening schools and educational institutes say?

It suggests that for the first fifteen days of the opening of schools, Class 10 and Class 12 students will be asked and guided to attend the school. Afterwards, the students of Class 6 to 9 will be brought back to the classrooms with restricted hours.

However, all sections of one class will not attend the school on the same day. Different sections of a class will have specific days assigned as for attending the schools.

The emphasis on the sanitisation of the classrooms remains the biggest highlight of the Centre’s formulation. Schools will be told to work in shifts – 8 to 11 AM and 12 to 3 PM – with an hour left for the sanitisation. So far there is no plan to bring the primary and pre-primary students back to the classrooms, and they will continue to be taught via online modes, The Economic Times reported.

The government officials have studied the countries such as Switzerland have brought back the students to classrooms, and the formulation has been designed on similar lines as for the classroom teaching of Indian students.

Mukesh Ambani becomes the 4th richest man in the world

Vaishali Singh

India’s richest leading businessman Mukesh Dheerubhai Ambani has already surpassed some of the biggest tycoons of the world in recent weeks, and has now become the 4th richest man in the world.

Reliance  Industries Ltd.’s chairman is now worth $80.6 billion, after amassing $22 billion this year, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. That gives him a bigger wealth pile than France’s Bernard Arnault, whose LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SE has suffered from customers curbing high-end fashion purchases faster than the company can cut costs.

While the conglomerate with a huge energy empire was slammed by a slump in demand for oil amid Covid-19, its shares have more than doubled from a low in March as its digital unit got billions in investments from companies including Facebook Inc. and Google.

Ambani has slowly been shifting his focus to e-commerce, with tech giants seeking to take a piece of India’s fast-growing digital business. Google said last month it will spend $10 billion in the coming years to help accelerate the adoption of digital technologies in the world’s second-most populous nation.

Meanwhile, with LVMH shares down this year, Arnault has become the biggest loser among the world’s 500 richest people. His net worth has plunged $25.1 billion to $80.2 billion.

Russia is about to register world’s first coronavirus vaccine on August 12

Vaishali Singh

Russia is set to register world’s first coronavirus vaccine on August 12. The inoculation has been developed jointly by the Gamaleya Research Institute and the Russian Defence Ministry.

However, the clinical trial data and other documents of Russia’s COVID-19 vaccine are currently under expert review. The decision on registration will be made based on its results, according to the Russian health ministry.

“The documents that are needed to register the vaccine developed by the Gamaleya Research Institute of the Health Ministry, including clinical trial data, are under expert review. The decision on registration will be made based on the results of the review,” the ministry said.

Russia’s Deputy Health Minister Oleg Gridnev told state news agency, Sputnik news that the Phase-3 clinical trial of the COVID-19 vaccine was underway. He also said that senior citizens and medical professionals will be the first to get vaccinated.

The clinical trial of the Russian coronavirus vaccine is undergoing at two institutions: the Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital and the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. The clinical trials of the vaccine began on June 18 and included 38 volunteers. All of the participants developed immunity. The first group was discharged on July 15, and the secondon July 20.

How Russia’s coronavirus vaccine will work?

Alexander Gintsburg, director of the Gamaleya National Research Centre, said the vaccine used inanimate particles created on the basis of adenovirus. He added that the vaccine would cause no harm to a person’s health.

YOU ARE RICH, IF YOU CALL THEM ‘MERI BETI’

WE ARE SAILING THROUGH THE 21ST CENTURY , CHANGING IN EVERY APSECT BE IT QUALITATIVE OR QUANTITATIVE AND WILL KEEP ON CHANGING IN THE ARRIVING CENTURIES ALSO . WE ARE PRACTICING THEESE CHANGES FROM WEARING MODERN CLOTHES TO ENHANCING OUR THOUGHTS ON SOCIETAL TOPICS . BUT , DO YOU THINK PEOPLE ARE REALLY UPGRADING THEIR THINKING OR JUST SHOWING OFF BY BEING MODEST ? , WELL , I WOULD SAY ‘YES’ AS ITS ANSWERE. PEOPLE ARE USING THEIR OUTLOOK TO HIDE THEIR PESSIMISTIC VIEWS FOR THE SOCIETY ESPECIALLY ON GIRLS , YOUTH ETC . OUR INDIAN SOCIETY IS VERY FAMOUS FOR ITS CULTURE , AT SAME TIME , IT IS ALSO FAMOUS FOR THE EXPLOITATION OF GIRLS AND WOMEN , HIGHLIGHTING FROM CHILD MARRIGE TO THE DOWNGRADE THINKING OF ‘ EK BETA HONA ZARURI H , AAPKI TOH DONO HI BETI H , YOU DON’T HAVE SAFE FUTURE ‘ , BECAUSE , PEOPLE LIKE THESE THINK THAT SON OR SONS ARE THEIR LIFE INSURANCE AND DAUGHTER OR DAUGHTERS , A ‘ LIABILITY’ . THEY ARE FEW PEPOLE , HAVING A THINKING OF ‘BETI JINKO MILTI HAI VO BHUT NASEEB VALE HOTE H ‘ , WHO SAYS , SHE MAY LEAVE US AND GO AWAY BUT STAND WITH US IN OUR GOODS AND BADS , WHICH , A SON MAY NOT DOES , I AM NOT CRTISICING ANYONE BUT THIS IS THE REALITY OF THE TODAY THATS THE REASON WHY OLD AGE HOMES ARE LEFT WITH NO SPACE . I AM NOT TAGGING SON AS BAD BUT THEY ARE ONLY FEW GOOD LEFT IN THIS CRUEL WORLD .

I HAVE WITNESSED MANY INCIDENCES REGARDING THIS TOPIC , PEOPLE ARE CRYING OVER THE BIRTH OF A GIRL , THEY ARE LITERALLY CRYING RATHER THAN CELEBRATING IT . IN CASE ,IF THEY ARE BLESSED WITH TWO DAUGHTERS , THEY WILL ASK FOR THE THIRD CHILD TO BE A SON . THEY ARE ALSO PRACTISING THE PRACTICE OF KILLING FEMALE FOETICIDES BUT GOVERNMENT HAS BANNED IT , WHICH IS WORTH DOING . I GET SHOCKED WHEN I SEE THE RICHEST PEOPLE WHO ARE HIGHLY QUALIFIED BUT SAYS ‘ BETI NHI CHAHIYE ‘ , ON THE OTHER HAND , HAVE SEEN THE EXTREME POOR PEOPLE WHO SAYS ‘ BETI HI CHAHIYE ‘ . WELL , FOR ME , THAT POOREST PERSON IS THE RICHEST ON EARTH AND THAT RICHEST DOES NOT EVEN DESERVE TO BE THE POOREST , THE REASON BEHIND IS ONE AND ONLY ” THEIR THINKING ” .

I MEAN C’MON , EVEN WOMEN ARE REACHING HIEGHTS , OVERCOMING EVERY BARRIER , BECOMING THE STRONGEST AND THE BOLDEST , NOT LIMITING THEMSRLVES TO JUST HOUSEHOLD CHORES , INSTEAD , ALONG WITH IT , THEY ALSO DO THEIR JOB SINCERELY . THEY ARE FLYING LIKE A FREE BIRD , LEAVING BEHIND THE MEN IN EVERY ASPECTS. IS N’T IT ENOUGH FOR LOVING THEM ?. THEY DO REACH HIEGHTS , BUT , NEVER FORGET THEIR MORALS AND RESPECT EVERYONE .

MOREOVER , I HAVE ALSO SEEN PEOPLE INDIRECTLY APPLYING THIS PESSIMISM BY TELLING THEIR DAUGHTERS ‘BE MERA BETA’ , THEN , THE DAUGHTERS THINK THEY DON’T LOVE ME THIS WAY , I WILL BE THEIR BETA , AS SHE IS HUNGRY FOR LOVE . BUT SHE IS DFEATED , SHE CAN’T BE THEIR BETA AS SHE STILL CARES ABOUT THEM , EVEN THOUGH SHE IS AWAY FROM THEM , SHE FULLFILLS ALL THEIR NECESSITIES EVEN BY STAYING AWAY , WHICH THEIR SON MAY DO OR MAY NOT DO . AT THAT TIME , THEY REALISES , HOW BLESSED THEY ARE TO HAVE A DAUGHTER ! . I JUST WANT TO PUT A QUESTION IN FRONT OF THESE KIND OF PEOPLE MY , IF YOU DON’T DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN A BOY AND A GIRL , THEN , WHY ARE YOU INDIRECTLY DOING IT ? WHY ARE YOU ASKING HER TO BE “MERA BETA ” INSTEAD OF LOVING HER AS “MERI BETI ” ? . PURE LOVE IS LOVING THEM AS THEY ARE , BE THEM A SON OR A DAUGHTER . JUST THINK ABOUT IT ! , BECAUSE ‘ THE FIRST STEP TO BRING THE CHANGE IS TO THINK ABOUT THE CHANGE YOU WANT TO BRING’ .

LOVE THEM AS “MERI BETI ”

Maneka Gandhi case: The one on the right to travel abroad

Background :    

The Supreme Court in the case of  Satwant Singh Sawhney vs D. Ramarathnam[1] held that the right to travel abroad was well within the ambit of Article 21 of the Constitution of India. Therefore, to combat the above laid down law the Parliament enacted Passports Act 1967.

Passport Act, 1967 empowers the authorities to impound the passport of certain

individual if such action is necessary in the interest of sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of India, friendly relations of India with any foreign country, or general public.[2]  The reasons of such impoundment are also to be communicated the affected party however in the interests of the general public these reasons can be withheld.[3]

In the present case, Maneka Gandhi, the petitioner, was issued a passport on 1st July, 1976 under the Passport Act 1967. The regional passport officer, New Delhi, issued a letter on 2nd July 1977 addressed to the petitioner, in which she was asked to surrender her passport under section 10(3)(c)of the Act in Public Interest, within seven days from the date of receipt of the letter. The petitioner immediately reverted back to the authorities seeking in return a copy of the statement of reasons for such order. However, the Government of India, Ministry of External Affairs refused to produce any such reason in the interest of general public. Later, a writ petition was filed by the petitioner under Article 32 of the Constitution in the Supreme Court challenging the order as violating her fundamental rights guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution.

Issues:

  1. Whether right to go abroad is a part of Right to Personal Liberty under Article 21.
  2. Whether the Passport Act prescribes a ‘procedure’ as required by Article 21 before depriving a person from the right guaranteed under the said article.
  • Whether section 10(3)(c) of the Passport Act violates Article 14,19(1) (a) and 21of the Constitution.
  • Whether the impugned order of the Regional passport officer is in contravention of the principle of natural justice.

Judgments :

  • To the extent to which Section 10(3)(c) of the Passport Act, 1967 authorises the passport authority to impound a passport “in the interest of the general public”, it does violate Article 14 of the Constitution since it confers vague and undefined power on the passport authority.
  • Section 10(3)(c) is void as conferring an arbitrary power since it does not provide for a hearing to the holder of the passport before the passport is impounded.
  • Section 10(3)(c) violates Article 21 of the Constitution since it does not prescribe ‘procedure’ within the meaning of that article and the procedure practiced is worst.
  • Section 10(3)(c) is against Articles 19(1)(a) and 19(1)(g) since it permits restrictions to be imposed on the rights guaranteed by these articles even though such restrictions cannot be imposed under articles 19(2) and 19(6).
  • A new doctrine of post decisional theory was evolved.

The court held that though the phrase used in Article 21 is “procedure established by law” instead of “due process of law” however, the procedure must be free from arbitrariness and irrationality. The court also managed to respect and protect the sanctity of the Constitution makers by this black stain that the legislature was trying to portray. The procedure established by law must satisfy certain requisites in the sense of being reasonable and just and it cannot be arbitrary depriving the citizens the Fundamental rights. The court also for once and for all rested the debate by holding that each Fundamental Rights are not distinct from each other whereas they are mutually dependent on each other.

Conclusion:

The court in Maneka Gandhi adopted the dissenting view of Justice Fazal Ali in A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras[4] . It was overruled by stating that there is a unique relationship between the provisions of Article 14, 19 & 21 and every law must pass the tests of the said provisions. Therefore, the court held that the while the procedure established by law should be reasonable, just and fair it shall be free from any unreasonableness and arbitrariness.

The judgment saved the citizens from unquestionable actions of Executive, the sanctity of Parliamentary law when it did not strike down Section 10(3)(c) & 10(5) of 1967 Act. The court also reminded the authorities to only rarely use the prerogative of Section 10(5) so as to satisfy that their actions were rational and well thought. The court held that Section 10(3)(c) & 10(5) is an administrative order therefore, open to challenge on the grounds of malafide, unreasonable, denial of natural justice and ultra vires.

One of the significant interpretation in this case is the discovery of inter-connections between the three Articles- Article 14, 19 and 21. A law which prescribes a procedure for depriving a person of  “personal liberty” has to fulfill the requirements of Articles 14 and 19 also.

It was finally held by the court that the right to travel and go outside the country is included in the Right to Personal liberty guaranteed under Article 21. The Court ruled that the mere existence of an enabling law was not enough to restrain personal liberty. Such a law must also be “just, fair and reasonable”.

The judgment’s importance can be seen today also because the way in which the bench construed Article 21 and expanded its horizons has given way for the resolving of problems left unsolved by the Parliament. It’s quite evident that this judgment has played an imperative role in construing Right to clean Air, Right to Clean Water, Right to freedom from Noise Pollution, Speedy Trial, Standard Education, Fair Trial, Legal Aid, Right to Livelihood, Right to Food, Right to Medical Care, Right to Clean Environment etc., as a part of Right to Life & Personal liberty mentioned under Article 21.

[1] Satwant Singh Sawhney vs D. Ramarathnam,(1967) 3 S.C.R. 525

[2] Passport Act,1967, No. 15, Acts of Parliament, 1967 (India)

[3] Passport Act,1967, No. 15, Acts of Parliament, 1967 (India)

[4] A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras,A.I.R. 1950 S.C. 27

2020:A FORTUNE COOKIE OR A MISFORTUNE?

THE EXPLOSION OF THE VIRUS “COVID-19″ HAS SHADOWED ALL OVER THE WORLD AS ” TARTNESS ” OF THE “BAD DEEDS” WHICH WE HAVE SINNED. IT HAS BEEN CHALLENGING FOR US SINCE 7 MONTHS OR MORE AND WE ARE ON THE 8TH MONTH STRUGGLING FOR THE VACCINE OF THIS TERRIBLE DISEASE. WE ALL ARE AWARE THAT IT IS NOT GOING TO DEPART EASILY AS WE ARE HEADING TOWARDS THE END OF THE YEAR.THERE IS NEWS BUZZ AROUND ABOUT THE ARRIVAL OF THE VACCINE BUT UNAWARE ABOUT THE EFFECTIVENESS WHETHER IT WILL BE CURABLE OR NOT. WELL , IN MY OPINION , IT WILL TAKE LITTLE MORE TIME TO COME, AS WE ALL KNOW , THIS DISEASE WILL ALSO TAKE THE ROAD OF THE NEXT YEAR . THERE ARE MANY VACCINES WHICH WILL COME , SO WE HAVE TO TAKE ALL THE PRECAUTIONS AND IMMUNE OUR IMMUNE SYSTEMS.

IF YOU HAVE LOTS OF DIFFICULTIES STANDING IN FRONT OF YOU , YOU WILL BE LITTLE WORRIED , BUT, YOU HAVE TWO OPTIONS ALSO , EITHER TO CRY OR TO CHANGE IT TO AN OPPORTUNITY , THROUGH YOUR WISENESS. THIS EXACTLY WHAT THE GOVERNMENT IS DOING BY QUOTING “NEW INDIA”. WE ALL WANT TO CHANGE THIS “MISFORTUNE ” IN TO A “FORTUNE COOKIE” , DON’T WE ?. NEW SCHEMES FRAMED AND IMPLEMENTED BY THE GOVERNMENT ARE CONTRIBUTING TO THIS WISENNES , USING THE THREATS AS AN OPPORTUNITY TO GROW AND GLOW.OUR INDIA WILL ALSO GROW IF THE POLICIES MADE ARE EXECUTED AND IMPLEMENTED PROPERLY. YES! WE ARE A DEVOLOPING COUNTRY AND GOING THROUGH AN ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN BUT WE ARE RETRIEVING THE DEMAND FACTOR SLOWLY AND WILL COME ON THE TRACK BECAUSE EVERYTHING HAS AN END.THE DOCTORS IN AMERICA ARE ALSO SAYING THAT THEY NEED INDIA FOR THE VACCINE THEY ARE MAKING , IS N’T IT A GROWING FOR OUR COUNTRY ? .

TALKING ABOUT THE FEW NEW SCHEMES ,

ATMANIRBHAR BHARAT ABHIYAAN AIMING AT THE SELF-RELIANCE OF INDIA , HAS STRUCTURED IN FOUR TRANCHES WITH RELEIF PACKAGE WORTH RS 2O LAKH CRORES , OUT OF WHICH RS 1.70 LAKH CRORES RELEIF PACKAGE FOR PMGKY FOR THE POOR TO GET BETTER OF THE DIFFICULTIES CAUSED BY THE PANDEMIC .THE SCHEME IS STANDING ON THE FIVE PILLARS OF ECONOMY, INFRASTRUCTURE,TECHNOLOGY DRIVEN , DEMAND AND A EFFICIENT DEMOCRACY.THE RS 20 LAKH CRORES ALLOCATED FOR THIS SCHEME ARE 10% OF THE GDP . THE PROMINENCE IS ON LAND , LABOUR , LIQUIDITY AND LAWS .I WON’T GO IN DETAIL HERE WILL WRITE FOR IT SEPARATELY , THE SECTORS INCLUDED IN IT ARE MSME’s AND OTHER SMALL SECTORS , FEW REFORMS UNDER ARE RATIONAL TAXATION SYSTEM ,SUPPLY CHAIN REFORMS IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR , CAPABLE HUMAN RESOURCES AND A STRONG FINANCIAL SYSTEM.

PM -KISAN YOJANA IMPLEMENTED BY THE PRIME MINISTER IN GORAKHPUR AND UTTAR PRADESH FOR THE MARGINAL FARMERS TO BOOST THEM FROM THEIR INCOMES . PIYUSH GOYAL ANNOUNCED THIS SCHEME TO BE IMPLEMNTED NATION WIDE SO AS TO BOOST UP THE INCOME OF ALL THE MARGINAL FARMERS . UNDER THIS SCHEME RS 6000 PER YEAR WILL BE TRANSACTED IN THE FARMER’S ACCOUNT IN THREE INSTALLMENTS . THE TOTAL EXPENDITURE INCURRED FOR THIS SCHEME IS RS 75000 CRORES , WILL BE FINANCED BY THE UNION GOVERNMENT IN 2019-20. IT WAS FIRST LAUNCHED IN TELANGANA AND BY PRIME MINISTER ON 24 FEBURARY 2019 IN THE ABOVE STATES . ITS COVERAGE MAY INCREASE TO AROUND 14.5 CRORE BENIFICIARIES AIMING TO COVER 2 CRORE FARMERS WITH AN EXPENDITURE OF 87217.50 CRORES , FINANCED BY THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FOR THE YEAR 2019-20.

PM GARIB KALYAN YOJANA (PMKGY) HAS BEEN THE MOST BENIFICIAL SCHEMES IN THE DIFFICULT TIMES OF THIS PANDEMIC AS IT HAS SERVED THE NEEDY FARMERS AND POOR FAMILIES WITH GRAINS . THE EXTENSION IS ANNOUNCED BY OUR PRIME MINISTER TILL THE NOVEMBER 2020 ALONG WITH THE DATA OF DEPOSITING OF RS31000CRORES N THE BANK ACCOUNTS OF 20 CRORES POOR FAMILIES.ABOUT 80 CRORE FAMILIES WILL BE PROVIDED WITH THE GRAINS TILL NOVEMBER AS IN 5KG OF WHEAT AND RICE , I KG PER FAMILY.

DUE TO ITS EXTENSION , THE COST OF THIS SCHEME HAS INCREASED TO 90000 CRORES . OUR FINANCE MINISTER HAS ALSO ANNOUNCED 1.7 CRORES UNDER GARIB KALYAN FOR ALLEVIATING THE LOSSES , SUFFERED BY THE POOR FAMILIES DURING THE CORONA PANDEMIC.

THEY ARE FEW MORE CHANGES THAT HAVE MADE BY OUR UNION FINANCE MINISTER IN THIS SCHEME , TO PROVIDE AN INSURANCE COVER OF RS 50 LAKHS PER HEALTH WORKER WHO ALL ARE AFFECTED BY COVID-19.IT IS ALSO ANNOUNCED TO PROVIDE FREE FOOD GRAINS TO THE POOR FAMILIES , QUANTITY I HAVE MENTIONED TILL NOVEMBER . UNDER JAN DHAN YOJANA , TO MAKE JAN DHAN ACCOUNTS OF 20 CRORE WOMEN FOR THE TRANSACTION OF RS 500 PER MONTH FOR THE NEXT THREE MONTHS. ALSO INFLATION OF MNREGA WAGE TO RS 202 PER DAY WHICH IS BENIFICIAL FOR 13.62 CRORE FAMILIES. IN ADDITION TO THIS , THE ORDERS ARE GIVEN BY THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT TO STATE GOVERNMENTS FOR THE BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION WELFARE FUNDS TO BE USED AS RELEIF FOR THE CONSTRUCTION WORKERS.

JUST BECAUSE OF ALL OF THEESE HELPFUL ELEMENTS , I MARK THIS SCHEME AS A SAVIOUR FOR THE NEEDIES IN THIS DIFFICULT TIME.

SO , THEY ARE FEW MAIN SCHEMES WHICH I FEEL ARE THE CORES TO SURVIVE IN THIS DIFFICULT TIME AND ACTING AS A FOUNDATION FOR OUR ECONOMY.

TURN YOUR THREATS IN TO AN OPPORTUNITY IF YOU WANT TO RISE AND BE WISE ,THIS IS THE ART OF POSITIVITY .

Different Kinds of Face Masks to Protect Yourself from Covid-19

Since the beginning of this year, “masks” have been one of the top searches across Google. One common query which everybody has is that whether masks are effective and  which is the most effective kind of mask.

Photo by Anna Shvets on Pexels.com

Face masks are generally of 3 types: Cloth masks, Surgical masks & N95 Respirators

Cloth masks When people are in public places, along with distancing and hygiene, it is advised that they wear a mask since it is not possible to maintain a 6 feet distance always. Cloth masks prevent the spread of the virus to a considerable extent. These masks are recommended for the public rather than N95 respirators which are needed for frontline health workers. Cloth masks can be easily made at home at a low cost. Take two rectangular pieces of cloth and place them together. Insert elastic or rubber bands in both the sides and stitch the cloth on the sides. Remember to change a cloth mask once it gets wet. While wearing and removing them, make sure to not touch the area which covers the mouth and nose. Wash your hands before and after wearing them. Although they provide less protection than surgical or n95 masks, it is known that they reduce the risk of transmission by some degree. Cloth masks can also be used in combination with a face shield for better protection. The Centres for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) has suggested any covering and advised everyone to wear cloth masks for protection from asymptomatic patients. So these are probably the most advisable for the public till now.

Surgical masks

Surgical masks are disposable ones which protect us from sprays, large particle droplets and prevent the transmission of potentially infectious respiratory secretions. Surgical masks vary in design but usually they are rectangular in shape and blue in colour. The masks have a metal strip to adjust over the nose and are tied to the face with elastics at both sides. Although they are useful in protecting from the virus, there is an environmental hazard attached to it because these are disposable single use masks. So they contribute to landfill medical waste.

N95 Respirators

N95 respirators are found to be the most effective in protecting against the virus since it can prevent the transmission of small particles by 95 percent. This includes virus and bacteria. The masks are usually circular or oval in shape and fit to the face very tightly. They must have the right fit because if they do not fit properly they can’t give full protection. These do not fit properly on people with facial hair and children. In a recent study it has been found that the masks can be re used after heating them in a covered pot or rice cooker for 30 minutes at 65 degree Celsius. The use of N95 is usually not very advisable to the public because of some reasons. First of all its not very comfortable to wear for a longer period of time. Secondly it is required for medical and frontline workers. So its very important that they remain in stock. A recent factor which emerged is that the valves on these respirators can be a risk factor and may not prevent the transmission of droplets entirely.

Apart from masks one needs to follow basic hygiene rules. Washing hands with a soap for at least 20 seconds in a correct manner is extremely important as suggested by the World Health Organisation (WHO). The use of hand rubs and sanitizers with alcohol content is also advisable. Physical distancing of 6 foot is to be maintained. The most effective way to prevent oneself is to avoid any kind of gathering or crowds.

Bihar Becomes First State in India to have 10 Lakh SHGs run by women.

As in India the system of Self Help Groups(SHGs) have been running from years in small towns,villages and many more places all over India.SHGs are those where a group of women come together and to help other womens in the form of monetary issues.

The groups in Bihar have been operating under the Jeevika,a World Bank supported poverty programme in the state from since 2007.The secretary of Rural Development Department said that this model has given women the opportunity to become self-reliant,self-sufficient.This project is one of the major project for the Cheif Minister of Bihar and Jeevika to take the state of Bihar into new heights in coming time.

In the tough period of Covid-19 pandemic,the womens of Jeevika programme have worked tirelessly and contributed worth Rs 543 crore of transactions through POS machines.This was majorly done for taking the banking system to the needy people and to every corner of the remotest area.They reached out with the help of creating awareness,food security,work on sanitation and many more activities they did for the betterment of the society.By this approach they reached around to 1.09 crore households.

Bihar Rural Livelihood Promotion Society(BRLPS),is an autonomous society comes under the Rural Development Department of the State Government.It is one of the designated livelihood mission to scale up the Jeevika model in all 534 blocks of 38 districts under the National Rural Livelihood Mission(NRLM).The director of NRLM has said that nearly 1.20 crore women have got involved with over 10 lakh SHGs in the state.He also added ‘They have scripted a new saga of women empowerment,which is visible in the rural areas.The have also availed Rs 12200 crore worth loan for starting of their income generating activities and repayment is on timely basis.They have repaid loan of around Rs 5000 crore to avail fresh loan.They also have Rs 1350 crore worth savings for inter loaning amongst its members.’

The SHGs under Jeevika are helping more than 45 lakh household through its various activities by way of producing masks,running ‘Didi in Rasoi’ outlets to serve food for the quarantined people and the patients,disbursal of Rs 350 crore worth loan to village organisations for food security and health risk mitigation,running the retail shops for supply of essentials.Besides financial inclusion the government of state is working tirelessly and bringing various initiatives for the education,health and welfare departments.

“This is a model that can take Bihar miles to achieve self-reliance in the true sense,something that India dreams to achieve.Bihar has shown how it could be done.This has been very positive initiative.All that is needed to integrate the activities of SHGs and give them further opportunities for scale up to also become employment generators in rural areas which would further give a boost to the State economy.”said former director of AN Sinha Institute of Social Studies.

SECTORS AFFECTED IN CORONA PANDEMIC

                            BY:RIFAT QAYYUM

This year has been the worst year ever and still being the worst. We all  ended year 2019 on a very good note thinking 2020  will be better , but unaware about  its “ scary arms”  , which  has squeezed us to no end in every aspect. Stranded labours , unemployment , economic slowdown, poverty etc are few of the terms which we have heared often  during this time.

Economic slowdown  has been in talks from 2019 as GDP growth declines from 7% to 6.9% and keeps on declining. It even came came to 4.2% according to IMF , lowereing the India growth. It was aleardy announced by IMF that whole world is going to face the economic slowdown and India will be the most effected country  , which came true , India ‘s GDP growth is  at lowest from 2019  and corona pandemic has added more to it. Automobile sector was worst hit in 2019 due to lack of demand and the employees were either downsized or retrenched. Inflation shoot ups were also contributing to the downfall especially food inflation which was 7.35% in December 2019 , retail inflation was five – year high of 7.3%. The solutions were given by the  great scholars to increase demand , production , employment , investment , to put more income in the hands of farmers , to spend more on infrastructure , to invest more in  mgnrega scheme which will be benificial for the stranded labours. But  the government is spending less which is a conflict , “To increase the Public Investment is the solution” .

Next year which is 2020, came with the corona pandemic muddling the structure of economy and drived our economic growth  in negative . It has affected all the sectors in the worst way , so, divided in the groups A, B, C ,D .

GROUP A

This group suffered limmited  disruption  and possible to give 90%  contribution in the 2019-20  growth performance. Sectors included in it are :

1.Agriculture

2.Allied sectors

3.Public Administration

4.Defence and other services

In Agriculture sector  , rabi cropped currently harvested and good monsoon was predicted , we can see the results.

In Allied sectors , there are labour shortage issues but the performance is normal.

In Defence and Public Administration sectors , both are fully active at forefront of covid-19 fight.

GROUP B

 This group suffered average disruption and contributed 50% in 2019-20 growth performance. The sectors included in it are :

1.Mining and Quarrying

2. Electricity , Gas , Water supply

3.Other utility sources

4.Constructional and Financial , Real estate and Professional services.

GROUP C

This group suffered significant growth  erosion in 2019-20 contributing only 40% in the performance growth on the year 2019-20.it can only be stimulated by supporting demand.manufacturing sector contributing only 17.4%.

GROUP D

This group suffered the maximum disruption and contributed only 30% in 2019-20 growth performance. The sectors included in it are:

1.Trade , Hotels , Restraunts

2. Travel and Tourism

3. Communications

It has been 6 months we are fighting against covid-19 . Recent changes came in  theese sectors . Lets see whether the outlook is still negative or has become positive.India was at fifth highest covid-19 fatalities in the world , but , now India’s fatality rate is among the world’s lowest. Currently it is standing at 2.18% which is lowest globally. Recovery rate of India is 64.54% which is a positive sign. More than half of the total cases are from metropolitan cities, Delhi , Mumbai , Chennai , Kolkata , Bangalore , Hyderabad which are on top. Delhi ‘s recovery rate being 89.08% , Haryana 79.82% , karnataka 39.96% which is lowest among all . Telangana , karnataka , Andhra Pradesh are the states with highest number of cases increasing everyday .

Turning back to sectors ,

Core sector ‘s output shrinks 15% in june , this contraction is showing some recovery from the 22% fall in may. In april june 2020 , the sector’s output dipped by 24.6% with a positive growth of 3.4% in the same period.

Fertilizer  industry saw an actual growth in june, the output is rising at 4.2% in comparison to june 2019 but lower than the 7.5% growth of may 2020.

Agriculture sector  has shown a positive outlook   as normal monsoon is leading to the expectations of a bumper kharif crop.

Steel  industry  has shown contraction with 33% drop in production in comparison to previous year , still remains the worst  performer .

Cement industry  production fell almost 7% , showing improvement from the contraction of 22% seen in may.

Energy sector  has shown negative growth , coal production  falling 15.5% , crude oil and natural gas production dropping 6% and 12% respectively.

Petroleum refinery  production carries the greatest weight in the core sector  and contracted almost 9%.

Electricity  sector  generation has  dropped to 11% .

CHANGES IN THE POLOCIES OF  BANKING SECTOR

  

MONETARY POLICY

RBI reduced the Repo rate to 4.4% , Reverse repo rate to 3.75% and Cash reserve ratio to 3%.

Repo rate is the rate at which RBI lends money to commercial  banks for a shortfalls .  

Reverse repo rate is the rate at which commercial banks  lends money to rbi .

Cash reserve ratio is the minimum  fraction of total of deposits of consumers which commercial banks have to keep with central bank either in the form of cash or as deposits.

Theese are the  monetary instruments which helps  to revive the economy to reduce inflation by freezing the money and controlling money supply.

IMPACT ON FISCAL DEFICIT

1.Releif expenditurec for protecting poor and marginalised

2.Demand supporting expenditure for increasing personal disposable incomes

3.Health care sector expansion , more investment on its infrastructure.

This much has impacted covid -19 to our sectors which were aleardy in the downfall during economic slowdown of 2019.

NEW SCHEMES IN UP And MAHARASTRA: 2020-21

UTTAR  PRADESH

The budget of this for year 2020-21 is 13 lakh crore as said by the Uttar Pradesh finance minister “Suresh Khanna”. In addition to this , he has also introduced 2 new schemes for employment generation  and self employment schemes for the youth .The UP budget for 2020-21 is “ANTI FARMER AND CORPORATE FRIENDLY” .  The two schemes are :

CHIEF MINISTER APPRENTICESHIP PROMOTION SCHEME

Yoths will be provided on the job training for the working experience and the professional environment . Not only this , it will also help them to build their personality , increase their cv , will be beneficial for them in future. They will be trained in MSME units. The contract is linked with the employment  for a definite period , not lifetime.  Eligible candidates will get the monthly stipened of RS 1500 , which will be borne by the centre and Of RS1000 by the state, remaining by the recruiting industry.The budget allocated for this scheme is of RS100CRORE . A wonderful scheme with “GET THREE BENEFITS” , EMPLOYMENT, TRAINING AND REMUNERATION.

THE YUVA UDYAMITA VIKAS ABHIYAAN

Through this scheme , the employment is provided to the lakhs of trained youths searching for the job. YUVA HUBS will be set up in every distrct  to assist them in the concepts of the project and the operation of units along with the financial help provided for the ONE year.According to the researches , this scheme can take 1 LAKH youth towards ‘SELF RELIANCE’.

MAHARASTRA

MAHARASTRA budget for the financial year 2020-21 is RS32,24,013 CRORES along with the introduction of NEW schemes for youth. New schemes are aimed  to boost infrastructure , employment , transport and  rural development . The schems are :

 Chief minister’s Water conservation Scheme

The number of water conservation projects included under this scheme are 8000. The main objectives of this scheme is to create decentralized water reservoir, to increase ground water level and last to protect the water irrigation capacity.

MAHARASTRA  APPRENTICESHIP  SCHEME

 This scheme is introduced to resolve the problem of unemployment over next 5 years. The budget allocated for this scheme is RS 6000 CRORES .The main objectives of this scheme is to provide employment and self employment opportunities and experience to all the youths who have passed  atleast  class 10. It aims to train 10 Lakh educated and unemployed youth in the age group of 21 years to 28 years  by making them work in new sectors.

The government also aims to implement RS120 CRORES scholarship scheme for the foreign education of students from the poorest section of minority communities.

BOOK REVIEWING : “DRACULA “

BY : RIFAT QAYYUM

A NOVEL BY “BRAM STOKER” ,AN IRISH NOVELIST , FAMOUS FOR HIS NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES BEST KNOWN FOR HIS NOVEL ” DRACULA”.

I WAS SNOOPING THROUGH THE BOOKS IN THE LIBRARY WHEN I GOT THE GLIMPSE OF THIS BOOK ” DRACULA” . I READ THE BLURB, WHICH SAYS-

“I COULD FEEL THE SOFT SHIVERING TOUCH OF LIPS ON MY SUPERSENSITIVE SKIN OF MY THROAT AND THE HARD DENTS OF TWO SHARP TEETHS, JUST TOUCHING AND PAUSING THERE. I CLOSED MY EYES IN LANGUOROUS ECSTASY AND WAITED…..WAITED WITH THE BEATING HEART.”

MY EYES WIDENED AND I STAND STILL WITH THE “BEATING HEART”, THIS MUCH IT HAS EFFECT ON ME. THE BOOK COVER IS PHENOMENAL , GIVING ME “MYSTERIOUS HORROR” VIBES. MY CRAVINGS FORCED IT TO ISSUE AND I ISSUED RIGHT THEN. I STARTED READING IT. IT IS WRITTEN IN FIRST PERSON POV AND THE CONSISTENCY IS MANTAINED THROUGH OUT. READING IT FEELS LIKE I AM THE CHARACTER, EXPIRIENCING IT .YES ! YOU MAY HAVE PROBLEM IN SOME SENTENCES , YOU WILL FEEL LIKE ARE INCORRECT. ABOUT THE CHARACTERS IN IT ,DRACULA , JONATHAN HARKER , HIS WIFE MINA HARKER , HER BEST FRIEND MISS LUCY WESTERNA , HER HUSBAND ARTHUR HOLMWOOD , DR JOHN SEWARD , DR ABRAHAM VEN HELSING , RENFIELD , QUINCEY MORRIS. IT IS A STURDY NOVEL WITH PROLONGED CHAPTERS, EACH CHAPTER CONTAINS THE JOURNALS AND DIARY ENTRIES OF THE CHARACTERS IN FICTIONAL FORM, A DIFFRENT PUT DOWN THOUGH.

THE STORY STARTS OFF WITH JONATHAN HARKER VISITING COUNT DRACULA FOR OVERSEAS TRANSACTIONS. BUT HE CAME ACROSS TO A TERRIFIC SIDE OF “COUNT DRACULA” ( TO KNOW HOW WAS IT , YOU NEED TO READ THE NOVEL 🙂 ) . DUE TO WHICH HE WAS TRAUMATISED AND ADMITTTED TO THE HOSPITAL AS AN “ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENT”, TOOK TIME FOR HIM TO GET BACK AS HIMSELF . FURTHER , HE ALSO SUFFERED THE CONSEQUENCES AT THE COST OF HIS WIFE’s HEALTH WHEN HE SAW DRACULA IN HIS CITY , HE WAS BACK AGAIN IN “THOSE TIMES” . MINA HARKER , A CARING AND LOVING WIFE , WORRIED ABOUT HIM , KNOWS ALL THE HAPPENING. MISS LUCY WESTERNA , SUFFERING FROM SLEEPING DISORDER. SHE HAS STAYED WITH LUCY WHEN MR HARKER WAS NOT THERE AND SOMETHING UNEXPECTED HAPPEN WHICH TOOK HER LIFE . ARTHUR HOLMWOOD HAVE NOT MUCH ROLE , BUT , AN UNCONDITIONAL LOVE FOR MISS LUCY. DR VEN HELSING , SENIOR DOCTOR WITH THE GREATEST EXPIRIENCE , SMARTLY PLAYS WITH HIS FORESIGHT IN THE CASE OF COUNT. DR JOHN SEWARD WHO WORKS UNDER DR VEN HELSING , HAS A MAIJOR ROLE TO PLAY ALONG WITH QUINCEY MORRIS WHO IS THE RICHEST MAN NOT ONLY FROM HIS WEALTH BUT ALSO FROM VALUES. RENFIELD , NOT A LEAD CHARCTER BUT AN IMPORTANT ONE , EATS ALL THE INSECTS SPECIALLY HOUSEFLIES , CALL COUNT DRACULA AS HIS MASTER AND HE IS SLAVE , PATIENT OF DR SEWARD.

READ IT PATIENTLY AND YOU WILL FALL FOR IT, WILL BE YOUR BEST NOVEL.

“A MUST READ “

Start feeling it , you will never find it monotonous.

Go and see how falling for a delusional character feels like ! !

DOMESTIC VOILENCE IN INDIA

“DOMESTIC VOILENCE” whenever my ears hear this term , an image of a crying lady with loads of wounds on her body comes in to my mind , who is hardly breathing , pleading in front of  a coward. But  it has a deeper meaning which is much more beyond this , if you absuse her , you character assassinate her , fill disgust for her in her, child marriage , dowry , acid attack , rape etc are all subset to this term and this term is the universal set to all . By thinking her as a “Weak Leaf” , this is where you are making the mistake , actually you are in the delusion , and , this delusion bursts out when she fights back making you a “coward creature” who is running for his life.

Talking about the different shades of domestic violence committing in different ways in India . Generally , women are preferable for the domestic violence  and not so surprisingly , the voilences that come under “Domestic violence” are fully against women , done by the people who believes that the status of women  is not even the lowest in the strata of the society. But , surprisingly , they are some  women who give air to this kind of brutal violence and believe , it is a right thing to do. We are living in 21st century , women are empowered and reaching hieghts , people’s perspectives are changing but still not changing , they are accepting it but still not accepting it. The reason behind this  are the few people with polluting minds.

According to the reseaches, around 70% of women in India are the victims of domestic violence , said by our union minister for women and child development , Renuka Chaudhary. It is legally addressed in 1980s  by the introduction of 1983 criminal law act under section 498A. It is divulged by the National Crime Bureau , that a crime is committed against a women every 3 minutes which is raising the goosebumps. Every 29 minutes, a woman is raped ,  women death because of dowry in every 77 minutes and talking about the cruelty which is either performed by her husband or his relative is taking place every nine minutes. These mishaps are occurring despite of the law of the protection of women from domestic violence act.

 I just want to click  the  button of “Being lioness” in the minds of all the women out there , that, they are strong , have their own life to live , take their own decisions , have an authority to raise your voice and not let other people boss you  but “Be your own Boss”. By raising these facts , I just want to make them believe “If someone raises hands on you , you too can raise because god has given you hands , if someone helps you with those hands , help them! , ‘BE FEROCIOUS’ !.

B.R AMBEDKAR THOUGHTS : INDIA

WE ARE LIVING IN THE MODERN INDIA WITH MODEST THINKING AND A RAGE FOR UNEQUALITY IN OUR SOCIETY , WHICH IS STILL THERE . EVEN AFTER , OPPOSING AGAINST THIS AND FIGHTING FOR THE EQUALITY AND JUSTICE, FAVOURING THE LOWER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY . EXPOSING THEM TO BEST OF THEIR RIGHTS LIKE RESERVATION SYSTEM, HIGLIGHTING EQUALITY AS THE MAIN VALUE OF THE CONSTITUTION , BASIC FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS . BUT , THE “CASTE INSECT” HAS NOT LEFT THE FEW MINDS WHICH IS A KIND OF VENOM FOR OUR SOCIETY , MAINLY, FOR THE DEVOLOPMENT OF OUR SOCIETY.

DR. B.R AMBEDKAR HAS PUT DOWN IN HIS BOOK ” ANHILATION OF CASTE” THAT “CASTE IS A STATE OF MIND” WHICH IS AN APPROPRIATE STATEMENT MADE BY HIM. YES, CASTE EXISTS IN EVERYONE’S MIND , MAY BE IN THE FORM OF CLASS , RACE , GENDER , RELIGION ETC BUT IT DOES EXIST. HE HAS ALSO OUTLINED THE DIFFRENCE OF BEING A POLTICIAN AND BEING A SOCIAL THINKER . HE SAYS , ” POLITICAL TYRANNY IS NOTHING COMPARED TO SOCIAL TYRANNY AND A REFORMER WHO DEFIES SOCIETY IS A MORE COURAGEOUS MAN THAN A POLITICIAN WHO DEFIES GOVERNMENT “. HE CLEARLY SAYS HOW POLITICIANS ARE NOT ABLE TO DEFY THE BEST FOR THE SOCIETY AND NOT MAKE RIGHT DECISIONS FOR ITS BETTERMENT , SOMETIMES , GOVERNMENT OVERPOWERS IT . BUT , A SOCIAL THINKER WHO ALWAYS THINKS FOR THE SOCIETY AND WORKS FOR THE SOCIETY , WHOSE MAIN FOCUS IS ON HOW THE “BIRD SOCIETY ” CAN FLY AT HEIGHTS ! .

HE HIMSELF HAS GONE THROUGH A LOT OF CRITICISM AGAINST HIS CASTE, HE CAN’T TOUCH THE TAP OF THE WATER JUST BECAUSE HE IS OF LOWER CASTE , SO A PEON ONLY CAN MAKE HIM DRINK . THE PROBLEM OF STTING IN THE CLASSROM AWAY FROM ALL THE UPPER CASTES. BUT HE FOUGHT ! , HE FOUGHT TILL THE ETERNITY AND BELEIVES THAT DEVOLOPMENT AND ADVANCEMENT OF LABOURS CAN ONLY ENHANCE THE SOCIETY. HE FABRICATED ALL ELEMENTS OF EDUCATION IN HIM AND STARTED WRITING THESIS , STUDIED AT LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND SELECTED FOR AS A CHIEF ARCHITECT FOR THE FRAMING OF OUR CONSTITUTION WHICH IS BEST AMONG ALL THE CONSTITUTIONS IN THE WORLD . HE MAKES THE PEOPLE UNDERSTAND THEIR WORTH IN THIS WORLD , IN THIS SOCIETY IN THEIR MINDS . AS EDUCATION IS GREATEST YOU CAN IMBIBE IF YOU WANT TO BRING THE CHANGE AND BE THE CHANGE , DR B.R AMBEDKAR IS THE ONE ” A GREAT SCHOLAR” . HIS EDUCATION AND CONFIDENCE EMPOWERED HIM AND AUTHORITIED HIM WITH A POSITION OF CHEIF ARCHITECT , AN ECONOMIST AND RESPECTED GLOBALLY.

THE VISION OF DR B.R AMBEDKAR ON THE SOCIETY IS BASED ONB THE TGHREE CORE VALUES : LIBERTY , EQUALITY AND FRATERNITY .

MODERN YOUR THOUGHTS WITH THE MODEST VISION !