Today ,Indian cricket team will play their 1st match of the tour to Sri Lanka.it will be held at R Premadasa Stadium, Colombo(3 PM IST). This is going to be a very interesting series for cricket fans because the regular players of team are currently in England where they are preparing for 5 test match series against England.
Some key players including Virat Kohli, Rohit Sharma , Jasprit Bumrah, Rishabh Pant , Mohammed Shami will be unavailable for the series against Sri Lanka. Due to which , many youngsters have been selected for this tour. it is very exciting to see how these youngsters will perform in international cricket after showing their temperament in world’s biggest cricket league IPL, they would also want to target a spot for ICC T20 cricket world cup later this year.
India is starting this series as Favourites against Sri Lanka, who have many issues to solve before the series. With contract issues of players, injuries and many other things, Sri Lanka has a huge task to compete with Indian team. Sri Lanka would so want to silence their critics after a very poor show with bat and ball in recently concluded series against England , where they were not even able to give a descent fight. Sri Lanka has appointed all – rounder Dasun shanaka as their new captain for this series. And for India, Shikhar Dhawan is the new captain and Rahul Dravid, the new coach for this tour .
Team news- Sri Lanka
They have appointed Dasun shanaka as their new captain. Kusal Perera is already out from this series due to injury. They are also missing some fine players ,even Angelo Mathews in unavailable due to some personal reason. it will be a huge task to play against India, even after some of key Indian players are not here but the depth of Indian team is very strong.
Its Shikhar Dhawan’s first opportunity to lead team India. He would also want to seal his t20 opening slot for world cup because he was dropped in last series against England. He is expected to open the innings with Prithvi Shaw. who is also making a come back in team . the major toss up will be for wicket keeper , there are 2 wicket keeperS, Ishan Kishan and Sanju Samson. it will be very interesting to see who will be in final 11. kuldeep and Chahal are also expected to play together Indian fans are very excited to see how youngsters paly in this 6 match limited over series.
General knowledge is very important in everyone’s life. The person without the knowledge is like the bird without the wings. It is very important to know what is happening across the world. So, it is very important to attain the general knowledge. To grab general knowlede, an individual must follow some of the techniques like reading books, articles, magazines, newspapers etc.
The newspaper consists of all the important things like the business purposes, sports, entertainment, some interesting puzzles, Hindi habits, food recipes, Current affairs etc.
Reading newspaper is an important thing because whenever an individual comes across a motivational thing, he or she will be motivated and focuses on the particular aspect. The individual will get to know the current affairs. The person will get a good grip on the general knowledge. solving puzzles improves the skills of the person. Reading about the healthy habits in the newspaper makes the individual to go for good and healthier meals.
Reading newspaper is very important because gives the chance to know what is happening around us. Early in the morning or evening whatever the time maybe, sparing at least 10 to 15 minutes of time on newspaper is a very good habit that an individual can develop.
The newspaper consists of all the important things like the business purposes, sports, entertainment, some interesting puzzles, Hindi habits, food recipes, Current affairs etc.
In one of the other way the individual develops good habits and focuses more on what they are trying to do.
Individual Differences :
Intelligence :
High scores on tests of general knowledge tend to also score highly on intelligence tests. IQ has been found to robustly predict general knowledge scores even after accounting for difference in age, and five factor model personality tarits. However, many general knowledge tests are designed to create a normal distribution of answers, creating a bell shaped curve.
General knowledge is also moderately associated with verbal ability, though only weakly or not at all with numerical and spatial ability. As with crystallized intelligence, general knowledge has been found to increase with age.
Long term semantic memory :
General knowledge is stored as semantic memory. Most semantic memory is preserved through old age, though there are deficts in retrieval of certain specific words correlated with aging. In addition, stress or various emotional levels can negatively affect semantic nemory retrieval.
Personality :
People high in general knowledge tend to highly open to new experiences and in typical intellectual engagement. The relationship between openness to experieñce and general knowledge remains robust even when IQ is taken into account. People high in openness may be more motivated to engage in intellectual pursuits that increase their knowledge. Relationships between general knowledge and other five factor model traits tend to be weak and inconsistent. Though one study found that extraversion and neutroticism were negatively correlated with general knowledge, others found that they were unrelated.
Predictor of achievement :
A number of studies have assesses whether performance on a general knowledge test can predict achievement in particular areas, namely in academics, proofreading and creativity.
Academic achievement :
General knowledge has been found to predict exam results in a study of Britush schoolchildren. The study examined congnitive ability and personality predictors of exam performance and found that general knowledge was positively correlated with GCSE english, mathematics, and overall exam results. General knowledge test scores presicted exam results, even after controlling for IQ, five factor model personality traits, and learning styles.
Proofreading :
General knowledge has been found to robustly predict proofreading skills in univeristy students. A study found that proofreading had a larger correlation with general knowledge than with general intelligence, verbal reasoning, or openness to experience. In a multiple regression analysis using general knowledge, general intelligence, verbal reasoning, five factor personality traits, amd learning styles as predictors, only general knowledge was a significant predictor.
Creativity
General knowledge has been found to have weak associations with measures of creativity. In a study examining contributions of personality and intelligence to creativity, general knowledge was positively correlated with tests of divergent thinking, but was unrelated to a bigraphical measure of creative achievemnet, self- rated creativity, or a composite measure of creativity. The realtionship between general knowledge and divergent thinking became non- significant when controlling for fluid intelleigence.
Game shows and Quizzes :
Many game shows use general knowledge questions for entertainment purpose. Game shows such as who wants to be a Millionarie? and fiteen to one centre their questions on general knowledge, while other shows focus questions more on specific subjects. Some show ask questions both on specific subjects and on general knowledge .
McLaren F1 was the fastest production car for 12 straight years from 1993 to 2005. At the time of its unveiling, McLaren F1 was an engineering marvel with numerous pioneering technological innovations. It was designed by the legendary designer and engineer Gordon Murray.
McLaren F1 Rear
It was the first road production car to be fully built carbon fiber. The entire Carbon fiber monocoque weighs just fewer than 220 pounds and 5000 pieces of carbon fiber pieces were used to mold the final frame. This gives it double the strength of steel but it makes it five times lighter than traditional frames.
The car has a central seating position which is unique to this car. While developing McLaren F1, Gordon Murray drove and tested all the contemporary supercars of that time and he realized that their three-pedal boxes were somewhat offset. So He wanted to eliminate that. To solve this problem he placed the seat in the central driving position similar to a traditional F1 racing car. The central position also helps in increasing the visibility of the driver.
It has a naturally aspirated 6.1-liter V12 engine, but initially, McLaren has asked Honda to supply an engine for them as they were also the supplier for their F1 racing team at that time. But Honda didn’t follow the specification stated by Gordon Murray. Later they asked BMW to supply them with the engine of their car. BMW had to make a new engine as per the specification and the final results were incredible. The Engine is called BMW Motorsport S70/2
The engine possesses extremely efficient heads. It also has continuous variable inlet valve timing and an emission-control system and four catalytic converters with ‘Lambda’ exhaust gas analysis control. Even with a 6064 CC displacement and a power output excess of 550bhp, the engine is quite efficient. The engine created so much heat that it had to be covered with a good heat deflecting material and to solve that problem the engine bay was covered with 16 grams of gold foil.
On 31 March 1998, Andy Wallace drove the McLaren F1 XP5 prototype at Volkswagen’s test track in Ehra-Lessen, Germany, and broke the record created by McLaren F1 itself in 1993. The car reached the top speed of 391 kilometers per hour or 243 Miles per hour. As of today, the F1 remains the fastest naturally aspirated production car in the world.
The car had a limited production of 106. Of those only 64 of them were road-going cars and 28 of them were racecars and the remaining of them were prototypes and special editions like the LM and longtail version. Rowan Atkinson (Mr. Bean) was for one period the owner of McLaren F1 as well.
Back in 1993, a brand-new McLaren F1 cost £540,000. In today’s money it would be approximately 1.1 million pounds but due to the rarity and the special status and engineering feat of the car. McLaren F1 has steadily climbed in value since then. As of today a McLaren F1 costs around £16 million and special versions can fetch even more. This car has also stood the test of time in its design, engineering, and craftsmanship.
The first modern Olympics were held in Athens, Greece, in 1896 and it took India only four years before seeing their first representation at the Summer Olympic Games. It all started for India in 1900 when they sent the athlete Norman Pritchard to Paris where he won two medals in Men’s 200 meters and Men’s 200 meter hurdles. Till date, India has participated in every Summer Games since 1900, sending their first Olympic team in 1920 comprising four athletes and two wrestlers. It was, however, not till 1928 that India saw its next medal, after which there have been several Olympic medals obtained. Today India holds a total of 28 Olympic medals and seems to be improving its performance at the Olympics.
Hockey
The Indian hockey team dominated the Olympics from 1928 for decades to come, winning an unprecedented 3 gold medal titles. The dominance of India’s hockey team started in 1928 in Amsterdam, when Dhyan Chand scored a hat-trick against the Netherlands in the final. Major Dhyan Chand is revered today as one of the greatest sportsman in India, and also the greatest player in the history of hockey. By the Berlin Olympics in 1936, the gold medals had piled up for India and London 1948 was the first gold medal post-independence for India. The Indian team kept winning until 1960 when the gold streak was finally broken.
Boxing
In Beijing 2008, Vijender Singh became the first Indian boxer in history to win an Olympic medal. Then in London 2012, India’s newfound love for boxing saw Mary Kom winning a bronze medal for the country. With her win, Mary Kom had become, and remains to be a role model for Indian women wanting to get involved in sports.
Shooting
Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore was the first shooter to help India get a medal at the Athens Olympics in 2004, and inspired an entire generation to take up the sport. Following his footsteps, Abhinav Bindra won the gold medal in Men’s 10m Air Rifle at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. He remains the only individual Olympic gold medalist in India and perhaps the most notable among the Indian Olympic winners.
Tennis
India had gone without a medal of any sort for four straight editions before Leander Paes won a bronze medal in 1996. After losing to Andre Agassi in the semi-final, Paes went on to beat Fernando Meligani in the bronze medal match. The medal was a huge achievement for India as they had returned without a medal for many years before Paes won in Atlanta.
Weightlifting
Breaking the norm of only men fetching Olympic medals for the nation, India saw Andhra Pradesh’s Karnam Malleswari clinching the bronze medal in the 54kg category at Sydney 2000, becoming the first woman in doing so. She had created history, and after her many female athletes would follow to win medals for India.
Wrestling
In 1952, Khashaba Dadasaheb Jadhav had created history by becoming the first Indian to win an Olympic medal in an individual sport at the Helsinki Olympics. The sport was wrestling, and he had won a bronze medal for it. After that in 2008, Sushil Kumar clinched a bronze medal in wrestling after a great deal of struggle and effort. Furthermore, in a traditionally male-dominated sport, Sakshi Malik became the first Indian woman wrestler to win an Olympic medal with her bronze medal finish in the Women’s freestyle 58 kg category at the 2016 Rio Olympics.
Badminton
In London 2012, Saina Nehwal became the first Indian badminton player to win an Olympic medal when her opponent, China’s Wang Xin, was forced to retire hurt during the match in the semi-final. She was the first Indian athlete to win an Olympic bronze medal in the women’s badminton singles. In the following 2016 Rio Olympics, the nation witnessed PV Sindhu take one step closer to gold by becoming the first Indian shuttler to reach an Olympic final in the 2016 Games. She was not able to clinch the victory but won a silver medal in the Olympics. She was also the youngest Indian (21 years old) to achieve this feat.
Conclusion
Every single Indian medal winner may not be mentioned in this Article, but it is important to highlight that every single person who has won a medal for India must be respected, whether that medal is bronze, silver or gold. The Olympics are a worldwide event with the highest level of competition possible, so we should be proud of those who have won for India.
It was from June 16 to 14 July that two of the strongest women cricket teams played in all three versions: Test match, ODI, T20.
Test
Held between June 16 to June 19, it was an anticipating match which resulted in a tie. Batting first England had made a gargantuan score of 396 in 121 overs with H Knight at 95, Sophia Dunkley at 74 and Beaumont at 66 runs. On the other side Sneh Rana and Deepti Sharma raised the hopes for India by taking 4 and 3 wickets. The openers of India played well, Smriti scoring 78 and Shafali 96. Despite their efforts the team ended up at 231 whereas Eccleston took 4 wickets. In their second innings the team scored a good 344 runs with Sneh’s 80 runs and Eccleston with 4 wickets and this ended up with tie. Shafali Verma was the player of the match.
ODI
3 ODIs took place between the 2 teams with England dominating with 2 win and India with 1. One interesting thing happened that whosoever chose fielding first won the game. In the first match, India batting first ended at 201 score with the courtesy of Mithali’s 72, England won the game easily finishing it in 35 overs with Beaumont’s 87 and Sciver’s 74. The second match was much more entertaining where India ended up at 221 and it took 47 overs for England to win with Dunkley’s 73. India won the third match, fielding first India restricted England to 219 and surpassed this score in 46.3 overs.
T20
Here also England won 2 out of 3 matches. In the first match England scored a staggering 177 runs. It was due to rain that India got restricted to 8.4 overs and lost the match by 18 runs. India won the second match, scoring 148 runs to which England lost by 8 runs. England won the third match by 8 wickets when India scored 153 runs with Smriti’s 70 but D Wyatt’s 89 overshadowed her and led her country to the victory.
Happiness is a state of mind which we possess when something good happens to us and we feel that goodness at our heart. This is an abstract feeling which is not materialistic and cannot be bought by money or some other possession. Happiness brings with itself a lot of positivity and also provides us with the motivation to go ahead and achieve other milestones. Happiness also maintains the zeal and enthusiasm for doing things and experiencing new paths. Happy state of mind also increases the age of people and lets them live a longer life.
Happiness is a key to healthy life; it sets a soul free and encourages it to explore the world and also gives us power. Happiness is a part of being successful in life it is that fruit which we all want to grow and thus we do so much of hard work throughout our entire life so that we can live a happy peaceful life after all. Happiness cannot be ever faked it comes straight out from our heart and it is priceless. At the end of a hard-earned day all we care for is some peace and happiness in our families and ourselves so that we can start another fresh day ahead.
4 levels of Happiness :
” Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence” . Of course, there are a number of different types of happiness and each person has different things in life that make them happy and unhappy. It is important for people to be self- aware and to truly understand what makes them happy and content as individuals. Take a look at the different types of happiness below and think about the things in your life that maku you happy.
There are main types of happiness, these being related to; pleasure, passion and purpose.
Pleasure :
Pleasure is important to us human beings but its related benefits are relatively short term. A delicious meal, a nice meeting with friends or listening to our favourite music all produce endorphins and offerus happy moments that can be the highlights of our day. However, these singular moments don’t equate to long- term satisfaction.
Passion :
Being passionate about something whether a hobby cause or group activity and actively being involved with it can be a great source of happiness. These activites deliver contentment in the medium term and provide a sense of achievement and variety in life
Purpose :
Feeling like you are part of something bigger than yourself and that your actions will really matter can lead to a deep sense of fulfillment and long- term happiness. We all like to think that our lives have menaing and if you can find your ” calling” or be part of great team, group or organisation that are making a difference then chances are you will be truly happy.
Ultimate Good :
The fourth level of happiness is known as ultimate good. This is a fundamental desire we have as human beings for perfect truth, goodness beauty and love . Many people find this form of happiness through their religious beliefs. Even those who don’t believe in a higher power can find happiness in their pursuit of truth, beauty, love and goodness in themselves and in helping others. This level is happiness is often considered the most enduring and profound.
Different types of Happiness :
1. Joy :
Joy is when you win a hard- fought competition, you finally accomplish a project you’ve wanted to or times when you doible over in uncontrolled laughter when someone relates a hilarious story. Joy makes you feel great about yourself, makes you feel confident, assertive, capable, loved and fulfilled.
The feeling of joy is fleeting joy is presemt at the moment. It is possible to feel joy despite grief or uncertainty. Happiness can be found in many things. It transforms tough times into blessimgs and turns heartache into gratitude.
2. Love :
Second, on the list pf different types of happiness is love. Which means other things to different people still, a wholesome ,reciprocared love with another person seems to be the fundamental predictor of happiness. Here, we are not just talking about romantic love, it means to love with friends and family, as well as partners. When you’re in love, you’ re blissfully happy all the time.
3. Contentment :
The secret of Happiness is contentment which means a state of happiness or satisfaction . It isn’t a matter of being satisfied with what you have. Contentment not only holds the power tobmake you happy, but it will transforms your life in many ways.
4. Optimism :
Optimism is a type of happiness that reflects the belief that events or experience outcomes will generally be positive. The key to attaining happiness is to have an optimistic approach to life, as optimism reflects hope and faith, helping people believe that this world is the right place
5. Gratitude :
Gratitude creates positive emotions, like different types of happiness, joy, love, and contentment, it can undo the hold of negative emotions. It goes hand in hand with mindfulness in its focous on the present and greatfulness for what we have now, rather than wanting more and more.
6. Excitment :
Excitment can be anything from about a new job or moving to a different place and motivates youbto work harder and channel that positive energy into more constructive activity. Excitements is fleeting. It dissipates rather quickly and can turn into ennui. It sometimes acts as a motivating factor , and execitment often leads people to likely make a decision. Even a bad one as excitment leads to impulsivity.
7. Pride :
Last on the list of different types of happiness is pride. Yes, pride and happiness go hand in hand. You can take pride in your work and your family, your haome and yourself, and in anything you put effort, attention, and love into. It is a positive feeling in reactive to a jouous event.
There are 7 essential keys to happiness and successthat will help to materialize both those things in your life:
* Gratitude.
* Be present
* Manage time Effectively
* Set smarter Goals
* Embody an Empowering morning Routine
* Tackle the MITs
* Focus on Health and wellbeing.
To get the most bang for the happiness buck, I’ve realized that I should complete four stages of reveling in a moment of happiness :
For the first time in history, Indian cricket fans will witness two different Indian cricket teams simultaneously. While the Test side, under Virat Kohli, is in England for a five-match series, a team of white-ball players, under Shikhar Dhawan, is in Sri Lanka for three ODIs and as many T20Is, starting from July 18. Nevertheless, the squad for the Sri Lanka series is missing many prominent names, and it would be interesting to see how the Men in Blue perform.
Speaking of Sri Lanka, they are fresh from a clean sweep in England in both the ODI and T20I series. However, they should leave no stone unturned to defeat this second string Indian team which is missing most of it’s big players. Sri Lanka hasn’t had any great success in the past few years and a victory against the Indian side will boost their confidence ahead of the T20I World Cup held later this year.
Veteran opener Shikhar Dhawan is leading this team and pacer Bhuvneshwar Kumar has been named his deputy. Prithvi Shaw, Navdeep Saini and Sanju Samson are back in Indian colors. Youngsters Devdutt Padikkal, Chetan Sakariya and Ruturaj Gaikwad received their maiden call up due to their impactful performance in the domestic season and in the Indian Premier League. The experienced players include Yuzvendra Chahal, Kuldeep Yadav, Manish Pandey and Hardik Pandya. Even this second string side looks strong, balanced and India start the series as favourites.
As for Sri Lanka, they need to put their best foot forward in order to challenge this new Indian team. Wicketkeeper-batsman Kusal Perera was the captain of this team, but is ruled out from the series as he sprained his shoulder while training. A replacement hasn’t been announced yet and this injury will be a major set back for the Sri Lankan team as it is missing several of it’s veterans like Angelo Mathews, Dinesh Chandimal haven’t played white ball cricket for their national team for a while.
Sri Lanka will be looking to its young players like Dhananjaya de Silva, Wanindu Hasaranga and Avishka Fernando as they have been impressive for their side lately. Despite all this, Sri Lanka will be starting the tour as underdogs and will be aiming to defeat this young Indian side in both ODIs and T20Is. The first ODI will be start on Sunday, July 18 2021,3:00 PM IST and the remaining ODIs will take place on 20, 23 July respectively.
Unemployment has become one of the biggest problems around the world. When an individual is an implied, he or she will know very less about the mankind. It is so difficult to face situation and handle situations when the individual is unemployed. Unemployment leads to many silly mistakes. And an unemployed person cannot take over the family and lead the family as well. There is a huge competition in highly populated countries like India. In order to be employed, the only method is to study hard and improve the skills and score better. Basically, the students are not showing good amount of interest towards the studies. Let us now see how to motivate them.
Covid crisis has made many people unemployed. It has taken away the basic need of living. Many people are left with the unfilled stomachs. Some people are dead about by not finding a way to live.
Types of unemployment :
There are four main types of unemployment in an economy frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal and each has a different cause.
1. Frictional unemployment :
Frictional unemployment is caused by temporary transitions in workers lives, such as when a worker moves to a new city and has to find a new job. Frictional unemployment also includes people just entering the labor force, such as freshly graduated college students. It is the most common cause of unemployment, and it is always in effect in an economy.
2. Structural unemployment :
Structural unemployment is caused by a mismatch in the demographics of workers and the types of jobs available, either when there are jobs available that workers don’t have the skills for, or when there are workers availabes but no jobs to fill. Structural unemployment is most obvious in industries undergoing technological advancements.
3. Cyclical unemployment :
Cyclical unemployment is caused by declining demand. When there is not enough demand in an economy for goods and services, businesses cannot offer jobs . According to keynesian economics , cyclical unemployment is a natural result of the business cycle in times of recession: if all consumers become fearful at once, consumers will attempt to increase their saving at the same time, which means there will be a decrease in spending, and businesses will not be able to employ all employable workers.
4. Seasonal unemployment :
Seasonal unemployment is caused by different industries or parts of the labor market being available during different seasons. Fot instance, unemployment goes up in the winter months, because many agricultural jobs end oncr crops are have harvested in the fall, and those wotkers are left to find new jobs.
Consequences of unemployment in an Economy :
Low unemployment is key to economic stability High and long- term unemployment can cause significant stress on a nation in three key areas.
* Individuals :
Unemployed people have no ability to fulfill their financial obligations and can become mentally stressed, ill, and even homeless.
* Economic efficiency :
During times of high unemployment many job seekers will accept new jobs below their skill level, a situation called “underemployment ” which translates to a loss of human capital for an economys labor market. Unemployed workers will also significantly decreases their consumer spending, which is one of the driving forces of economic growth. Without consumer spending, the economy will slow dramatically.
* socio- political stability :
If unemployment remains high, citizen dissatisfaction can rise to the point of widespread civil unrest.
Possible solutions for Unemployment :
Solving unemployment is a hotly debated topic, and no economists agree on one simple way to do it. However, in the U.S ,if unemployment rises noticeably, the government usually steps in with specific policies designed to lower the total number of unemployed people.
1. Monetary policy :
Monetary policy is financial influence implemented by a central bank . Monetary policies usually come in the form of lower interest rates, which increase the total money supply within an economy by allowing banks and businesses more access to loans and therefore, more accessible spending power.
2. Fiscal policy :
If expansionary monetary policy doesn’t adequately lower the unemployment rate government agencies will turn to fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is fiscal stimulus implemented by the national government and fiscal policies include spending on infrastructure, proposingtax cuts , increasing the minimum wage, or implementing unemployment benefits. These methods are designed to inject more demand into private economy and strengthen economic activity.
Let us now see some of the ways to motivate the students to study and get employeed.
• Make things easier :
Showing the things easier and explaining them with clarity helps the students to show better interest on the subject and makes them to pay more attention on what the teacher is trying to convey. When the topics are shown easier for the students, they start learning them and they feel achieved and they pay more attention to study. When a student learns a particular topic or a question, he/she feels comfortable and happy for getting it. Once if they start reading, they develop the interest in them and they continue to read more and more.
• Tell the importance :
The students must be motivated with good number of words to understand the need of studying and what happens if they don’t study. A student is like a bird without the wings when they don’t study. So, it is very important to motivate students to study and to make them understand the need of the situation. Motivation brings the right change in the students who are not interested in learning. It develops the interest in them to study.
It seems good if the government provides good number of jobs.
We human beings are the one who is responsible for polluting our nature and thus in turn nature also takes its revenge through various calamities, diseases, pandemic and so on. We all know that pollution is mainly caused by non-biodegradable wastes and plastic is such a non-biodegradable product which we human beings use very frequently in our everyday life, starting from plastic bags to toys, containers, food packaging almost everything has the use of plastic in it and thus is also generates a lot of waste daily. Plastic being a non-biodegradable waste stays into the soil or water for years and does not decompose rather they choke animal and water creatures also restricts plant growth and leads even to their death sometimes when the roots get entangled into them. Non-biodegradable plastic waste if burnt emits toxic fumes which in turn causes severe air pollution and is extremely harmful for living beings. We have got so much use of plastic that we cannot completely stop the use of plastic we can reduce it to some extent. To save the nature and environment from pollution we can follow the 3R’s i.e., Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Recycling plastic is a great method which is even sustainable and can help us save our nature.
Package :
Several design options and features are available. Some bags have gussets to allow a higher volume of contents, special standup pouches have the ability to stand up on a shelf or a refrigerator, and some have easy opening or reclosable options. Handles are cut into or added into some. Bags can be made with a variety of plastics films. Polyethylene is the most common. Other forms, including laminates and co- extrusions can be used when the physical properties are needed. Plastics to create single use bags are primarly made with Fossil fuels. International plastic bag free day is celebrated on july 3.
Medical uses :
Plastic bags are used for many medical purposes. The non purpose quality of plastic film means that they are usefu for isolating infections body fluids ; other porous bags made of nonwoven plastics can be sterilized by gas and maintain this sterility. Bags can be made under regulated sterile manufactoring conditions ,so they can be used when the infection is a health risk. They are lightweight and flexiblr, so they can be carried by or laid next to patients without making the patients as uncomfortable as a heavy glass bottle would be. They are less expensive than re- usable options, such as glass bottles.
Flexible intermediate bulk container :
Flexible intermediate bulk containers are large industrial containers, usually used for bulk powders or flwables. They are usually constructed of women heavy-duty plastic fibers.
Plastic shopping bags :
Open bags with carrying handles are used in large numbers. Stores often provide them as a convience to shoppers. Some stores charge a nominal fee for a bag. Heavy duty reuseable shopping bags are often considered environmentally better than single use paper or plastic shopping bags. Because of envirpnmental a little problems, some locations are working toward a phase- out of lightweight plastic bags.
Danger to children :
Thin, comfortable plastic bags, especially dry cleaning bags, have the potential to cause suffocation. Because of this about 25 children in the united states suffocate each year due to plastic bags, almost nine- tenth of whom are under the age of one. This had led to voluntary warning lables on some bags posing a hazard to small children.
Uses :
Plastic bags are used for diverse applications. Bags of crisps, gardening supplies, bagging vegetables, blood platelets, inner bladder for bag-in – box , pastry bag with convenience closure, ostomy bag, bin bag, string bag made of plastic fibers, porous bag for cooking rice, Intravenous therapy, evidence bag, travel toiletries in a reclosable plastic bag, woven plastic fiber bags used for sand, A plastic body bag.
Different Types of plastic Bags :
* High Density polyethylene (HDPE)
* Low Density polyethylene ( LDPE)
* Linear Low Density Polyethylene ( LLDPE)
* Medium Density polyethylene (MDPE)
* polypropylene ( pp)
* The problem with plastic bags. Plastic bags start out as fossil fuels and end up as deadly waste in landfills and the ocean. Birds often mistakes shredded plastic bags for food, filling their stomachs with toxic debris.
Staying healthy and fit are directly proportional to each other. In order to lead a healthy and fit life we need to focus on some prime practices which will not only make us physically fit but will also provide us with peace of mind. Staying heathy and fit keeps us away from diseases and thus its medications and side effects. A healthy body homes a healthy mind, and a healthy mind boosts the productive thoughts help us to deal life with positivity in a healthy way. But staying healthy and fit requires discipline, one must have a balanced diet, eating less never makes someone healthy and fit whereas eating the right nutritious food in the right quantity does so. A healthy diet must constitute of all the five nutrients as well as water and roughage. Starving is highly not recommended, giving the body the required nutrients is important. In order to stay fit and healthy one must also regularly practice yoga and physical exercise; these enables movement of each and every part of the body and thus ensures its flexibility also ensures growth and increases stamina. Staying away from negative environment and people is another major practice which is encouraged in order to ensure a healthy and fit body.
If you want to start your journey a having a better body to feel great, here are some tips :
* Exercise daily for at least an hour
* Eat the Right foods and portion each meal.
* keep track of calories and food intake per day.
* Be sure to get sleep.
* Stay motivated.
5 components of physical Fitness :
* cardiovascular Endurance.
* Musular strength.
* Muscular endurance.
* Flexibility
* Body composition.
* The difference between fitness and health is Health is defined as a state of complete mental, physical and social well- being, not merely the absence of illness or infirmity. Fitness is the ability to meet the demands of the environment.
* The connection between health and fitness is physical fitness, by its very nature, significantly strengthens the bod’s immune system. Therefore, it may substantially reduce the likelihood of liness and disesase, and well as improve the way the body copes with illnesses when they occur.
* The three categories of health fitness and wellbeing is physical, emotional and social wellbeing.
Why is health and fitness so important?
Regular exercise and physical activity promotes strong muscles and bones. It improves respiratory, cardiovascular health, and overall health. Staying active can also help you maintain a healthy weight reduce your risk for type 2 diabetes heart disease and reduce your risk for some cancers.
* There are six skill- related fitness components: agility, balance, coordination speed, power and reaction time. skilled athletes typically excel in all six areas. Agility is the ability to rapidly and accurately change the direction of the body
* The principles of specificity, progression, overload, adaption, and reversibility are why practising frequently and consistenly are so important if you want to improve your performance.
The health benifits of exercise :
* helps you contro your weight.
* Reduce your risk of heart disease.
* Help your body manage blood sugar and insulin levels.
* Help you quiet smoking
* Improve your mental helath and mood.
* Help keep your thinking , learning and judgement skills sharp as your age.
* Exercise prescription is based on 5 priniciples are type, duration, frequency, intensity and volume.
So stay healthy and stay safe . This pandemic days wants more food to our bodies to get more immunity. Be fit and Be happy . We fight with this covid with our lifes . Be strong these are all will helps to us.
Ethics is a branch of philosophy dealing with the issue of morality. It implies the concepts of what right and wrong conducts are. Ethics define how a person should act in some specific situations. It is not a new term, but it has been there since the Stone Age. Different religions and many philosophers have also made a substantial contribution to ethics.
There are different branches of ethics. First of all, comes descriptive ethics. Descriptive ethics include what people actually consider right and wrong. Accordingly, laws are made regarding that and if they are even acceptable or not. The moral principles of society keep on changing from time to time. However, the basic ethics remain the same. Descriptive ethics are also called comparative ethics. They are given the name comparative ethics as they are used to compare the ethics of past and present scenarios. Also, they are used to compare the ethics of different societies as well.
Then comes the next branch of ethics- Normative Ethics. Normative Ethics deals with some specific norms or a set of considerations. These norms indicate how people should act in some given situations. These ethics set out the rightness or wrongness of people’s actions. Normative Ethics are also known as prescriptive ethics. This name is given as there are principles involved with these ethics and those principles determine whether the actions of people are right or wrong in different situations.
Types of ethics :
1. Deontological Ethics :
* In moral philosophy, deontological ethics or deontology is the normative ethical theory that the morality of an action should be based on whether that action itself
* Deontology is an ethical theory that uses rules to discern the moral course of action. Diffusion of responsibility. Diffusion of responsibility occurs when people fail
* Deontology morality is about following a system of rules, like ” Do Not Lie ” or ” Do Not Steal” .
* Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending Deontological ethics.
2. Utilitarianism :
* The most common example of normative ethical theories are utilitarianism, kantian duty- based ethics and divine command theory.
* utilitarianism means, act in your own self- interest. Utilitarianism is that which is moral only if the act produces the greatest.
* Utilitarianism is a moral theory that implements fair choices is an effort to ensure the least amount of harm is done to all parties involved.
* However, some contemporary utilitarians , such as peter singer, are concerned with maximizing the satisfaction of preferences, hence prefernce utilitarianism.
* utilitarianism is an ethical theory that asserts that right and wrong are best determined by focusing on outcomes.
3. Consequentialism :
* consequentialism refers to moral theories that hold the consequences of a particular action form the basis for any valid moral judgment about that action.
* consequentialism is a class of normative, teleological ethical theories that holds that the consequences of one’s conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment.
* consequentialism is an ethical theory that judges an action’s moral correctness by its consequenes. Corporate social Responsibility.
* on our definition of consequentialism, only the direct view is a genuinely consequentialist position, and rule consequentialism.
4. Professional Ethics :
* Rules imposed on an employee in a company, or as member of a profession. For instance, journalists, doctors, lawyers. Etc.
* professional ethics encompass the personal and corporate standards of behavior expected by professionals.
5. Applied ethics :
* Applied ethics is the branch of ethics which consists of the analysis od specific, controversial moral issues such ad abortion, animal rights, or euthanasia.
*Applied Ethics includes a philosophical examination of certain public and private life problems. The examination of those issues generally takes place from a moral standpoint. This branch of ethics is generally used by professions like doctors, teachers, etc.
* Applied ethics which deals with the actual application of ethical priniciples to a particular situation. While it is helpful to approach the field of ethics.
6. Virtue Ethics :
* virtue ethics is an approach to ethics that emphasizes an individual’s character as the key element of ethical thinking, rather than rules about the acts themselves.
* virtue ethics not only idea deals with the rightness or wrongness of individual actions, it provides guidenece as to the sort of characteristics and behaviour a good person will seek to achieve.
An abstract way of analyzing ethics is called Meta-Ethics. They do not deal with whether the actions are right or wrong, rather they question what morality is.
In the fourth match of the series played between Wi and Australia on 14 July. Australia registered a thrilling 4 run win over West Indies in the fourth match played in St Lucia. In this match, Mitchell Marsh played an important role in getting the Kangaroo team their first win in the T20 series. In this series, the West Indies team has already taken an unassailable lead by winning three consecutive matches.
In this match played at Darren Sammy National Cricket Stadium, Australia won the toss and batted first. Start was not good and the first wicket fell for 12 runs. Matthew Wade, came to open the innings, and was dismissed for 5 runs. After that, Mitchell Marsh came out to bat at number three and got Australia out of trouble with captain Aaron Finch with a 114-run partnership. Finch was dismissed for 53 while Marsh scored 75 runs. Alex Carey, Moises Henriques, Ashton Turner could not do much in the middle order. Dan Christian scored 22 runs in the lower order. Australia scored 189 runs for 6 wickets in the stipulated 20 overs in their innings.
The West Indies team, which came out to achieve the target of 190 runs, started strongly. Both the Caribbean team’s openers Lyndle Simmons and Evin Lewis added 62 runs for the first wicket. Lewis was dismissed for 31 while Simmons made 72. After the dismissal of these two batsmen, the middle order of the Caribbean team could not do much.
In the final overs, Andre Russell and Fabian Allen tried their best to win the match for West Indies but failed. Russell remained unbeaten on 24 off 13 balls while Allen was dismissed for 29 off 14 balls. West Indies managed to score 185 runs for 6 wickets and lost the match by 4 runs. Mitchell Starc bowled a superb last over and steal the show.
Mitchell Marsh took the three wickets for Australia and helped his team win first match in this series. For his all-round performance with both bat and ball ( 3 wickets and 75 runs ) ,he was awarded the player of the match award. West Indies now leads the series with 3-1 equation and last match will be played on 16th July.
Oxygen debt means when the demand for oxygen is greater than the supply. It means that when your body works hard you breathe a lot of oxygen but you can not absorb enough oxygen to cope with the level of activity. It is the stage of oxygen debt. As a matter of fact, ATP (or adinosine triphosphate) is the source of energy for muscular contraction . There are three main sources , which provide a continual supply of ATP.
Creatine phosphate.
Glycolysis
Oxidative phosphorylation ( critic acid )
When our muscles remain in resting position, these contain large amount of ATP and creatine phosphate . But, when we start exercise during the first few seconds of muscular contraction, the reserved ATP is used up immediately. During this period , ADP ( or adinosine diphosphate ) levels increase. Creatine phosphate rapidly supplies ATP for the contraction of muscles. The molecule of creatine phosphate contains both energy and phosphate , which are transferred to a molecule of ADP to form ATP and creatine. If the contraction is short , the muscle can drive all its ATP from creatine phosphate. If light exercise is to be done for longer period, other sources of ATP must be available . Glycolysis is the process by which glycogen ( stored from of glucose in muscles ) or glucose from the blood is broken down to CO2 and H2O by oxidative phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle to produce more ATP . The breakdown of ATP , the combination of creatine phosphate with ADP , and glycolysis can occur both aerobically (in the presence of oxygen ) and anaerobically ( in the absence of oxygen ) . Oxidative phosphorylation is an aerobic process . It means it requires the presence of oxygen . If oxygen supplied to muscles gets exhausted ( during heavy muscular activity ) , the pyruvic acid formed in glycolysis is converted to lactic acid . The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle causes fatigue. At this stage ,m muscle is in oxygen debt . If exercise is continued , then there will be more debt of oxygen . In oxygen debt , lactic acid diffuses out into the blood and is carried to the liver, where it is reoxidised to pyruvic acid. In the liver , pyruvic acid can enter the citric acid cycle and can be broken down to CO2 and H2O . It can be said that it is reconverted to glycogen . It has been observed that up to the deficit of 2.3 litres oxygen , the lactic acid is not produced in muscles but , after that , if the amount of lactic acid goes on increasing , the deficit of O2 will be increased at the same rate .A complete rest helps in removing oxygen debt . During the rest , ATP is again stored in the muscles for activities . Generally , lactic acid is removed approximately in one hour if cooling down is performed properly . It may also take 2 hours or more if cooling down is not done with gentle exercise .
“Science has learned recently that contempt and indignation are addictive mental states. I mean physically and chemically addictive. Literally! People who are self-righteous a lot are apparently doping themselves rhythmically with auto-secreted surges of dopamine, endorphins and enkephalins. Didn’t you ever ask yourself why indignation feels so good?”
~ David Brin
Introduction
Doping in sport is a widespread problem not just among elite athletes, but even more so in recreational sports. In scientific literature, major emphasis is placed on doping detection, whereas detrimental effects of doping agents on athletes’ health are seldom discussed. Human growth hormone also increases muscle mass, although the majority of that is an increase in extracellular fluid and not the functional muscle mass.
The term doping is widely used by organizations that regulate sporting competitions. The use of drugs to enhance performance is considered unethical, and therefore prohibited, by most international sports organizations, including the International Olympic Committee.
History
According to the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), the term “doping” probably comes from the Dutch word “dop,” an alcoholic beverage made of grape skins that was used by Zulu warriors to make them stronger in battle.
Ancient Greek athletes used special diets and stimulating potions to improve performance, and 19th century endurance athletes indulged in strychnine, caffeine, cocaine and alcohol.
The American specialist in doping, Max M. Novich, wrote: “Trainers of the old school who supplied treatments which had cocaine as their base declared with assurance that a rider tired by a six-day race would get his second breath after absorbing these mixtures.”[8] John Hoberman, a professor at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas, said six-day races were “de facto experiments investigating the physiology of stress as well as the substances that might alleviate exhaustion.”
Effects of doping in sports
It builds muscle but causes abnormal growth, heart disease, diabetes, thyroid problems, hypertension, blood cancers and arthritis. Other adverse effects include joint pain, muscle weakness, visual disturbances, enlarged heart and diabetes.
Other side effects include:
Heart palpitations.Heart rhythm abnormalities.
Weight loss.
Tremors.
Mild high blood pressure (hypertension)
Hallucinations.
Stroke.
Heart attack and other circulatory problems.
Constipation.Skin rash or dermatitis.
Diarrhea.
Dizziness.
Drowsiness.
Dry mouth.
Headache.
Insomnia.
UFC ( Ultimate Fighting Championship ).
In December 2013, the UFC began a campaign to drug test their entire roster randomly all year-round. Random testing, however, became problematic for the promotion as it began to affect revenue, as fighters who had tested positive would need to be taken out of fights, which adversely affected fight cards, and therefore pay-per-view sales.
According to Steven Marrocco of MMAjunkie.com, about 31% of UFC fighters subjected to random testing since the program first started have failed due to using performance-enhancing drugs. That is approximately five failed tests for every sixteen random screenings.
From July 2015, the UFC has advocated to all commissions that every fighter be tested in competition for every card. Lorenzo Feritta, who at the time was one of the presidents of the UFC, said, “We want 100 percent of the fighters tested the night they compete”. Also, in addition to the drug testing protocols in place for competitors on fight night, the UFC conducts additional testing for main event fighters or any fighters that are due to compete in championship matches.
As we all know Tokyo Olympics are scheduled from start from 23rd July to 8th of August.and we all have very high hope and expectations from our players.
Olympic is an international multi-sport event that is organised after every 4 years. The first Olympic was held in 1896 in Athens.it is also considered as festival of sports Each year it is organised in different country. India has so far won just 28 medals since 1900.let us look at the past when journey for Olympics was started for India.
india’s journey to olympics
India sent its first athlete (Norman pritchard) in 1900 to the Olympics . and it took 20 years to send India’s first contingent in 1920 which consists of 5 members( 3 athletes and 2 wrestler). the quantity of players since 1920 only increased. since then India has won 28 medals which includes 9 gold ,7 silver and 12 bronze medals.
The major contribution was made from Hockey. From 1932 to 1980 India won 8 gold medals in hockey that was the golden period of Indian hockey team but after that the quality of hockey in our country decreased. in 2000, karnam Malleswari won a bronze medal and became first Indian woman to win a medal in Olympics. after that last gold medal in 1980, the next gold medal came in 2008 Beijing Olympics when Abhinav Bindra won gold medal in men’s 10-M air rifle event who became first Indian indivisual to win a gold medal in Olympics. in same Olympics VijenderSsingh also won bronze medal and became first Indian boxer to do so.
2012 london olympics was very good for india where 83 members contingent participated in olympics. and india won 6 medals.wrestler Sushil kumar became first indian wrestler to win silver medal in olympics.saina nehwal won bronze medal and became first indian woman to do so.Mary kom won bronze medal in boxing.
after this wonderful performance in 2012 Olympics, expectations were very high in 2016 Rio Olympics but it did not went very well for India .because India sent a records 117 members but we were only able to win 2 medal which included a bronze medal from Sakshi Malik in wrestling and silver medal from PV Sindhu in badminton.it was a very disappointing year for India .But the question arises why India is not able to perform well in Olympics?
if we look at any other country like USA, they won 121 ,medals in Rio Olympics. ,which is 3-4 times what India has managed so far from 1900, despite having a population of 1.3 billion. I do not think population should be considered in this matter. there are many other factors which are responsible for India’s struggle in Olympics.
reasons of India’s struggle in Olympics
Infrastructure of our country
2.proper funding of players
3. lack of awareness and sports should be given more attention and priority.
4.poor rehab facilities and inexperienced coaches.
5. player are cared and given facilities when Olympics approaches but they should get it throughout their preparation to Olympics.
6.cricket is also one of the reasons. India is a cricket loving nation where every 2nd child wants to be a cricketer. i m also a cricket lover, but we should also concentrated and take interest in other sports also. Like Australia and England, they are very good cricketing nation but they are also good in other sports.
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