Importance of physical fitness

Fitness is defined as the ability of the body to carry out various types of daily activities without feeling tired. 
Physical fitness is measured on the basis of some devices, and many scientific tests, and then compared to the ideal level of fitness, and determined the ability of the individual, and fitness efficiency. Fitness is divided into two parts: general fitness, which refers to health and well-being, and special fitness, which relates to a particular type of exercise. Good fitness can be obtained by getting proper nutrition and taking enough breaks.

Elements of fitness are all the components or characteristics that play an important and significant role in learning the exercise techniques and achieving sound health (such as strength, speed, elongation, agility, flexibility ….. etc) and all the qualities that result from the merger of two or more of them. Determining the elements of physical fitness varied from school to school and from one scientist to another according to their views, but most of them agreed on some basic fitness elements, and we have addressed some of them here.

Muscle Strength

Muscle strength can be defined as the ability of a muscle to exert as much energy as possible. There are a number of factors that affect muscle strength; such as muscle size, number, and type of fibers, and elasticity, in addition to psychological factors.

Body Composition

Body composition is the ratio of fat mass to fat-free mass in the body, and muscles, bones, cartilage, and other vital parts of the body are part of the fat-free mass.

Speed Fitness

Speed is the element that indicates the time a muscle needs to exert the required physical effort and is affected by many factors; such as muscle fibers, strength, and elasticity, as well as a strong will, and nervous compatibility.

Balance and Coordination

Balance indicates the body’s ability to resist falling as long as possible. It is influenced by the integrity of the body’s organs, its equilibrium base, its high center of gravity, as well as the Earth’s gravity line, and psychological factors.

Flexibility

Flexibility expresses an individual’s ability to perform activities to the greatest extent that a muscle allows. It is affected by the mobility of the joints well, the elasticity of the muscle. Continuous and regular training has an effect on muscle flexibility.

Agility

Agility is the ability of an individual to change the direction of his body, whether on the ground or in the air, in the shortest possible time. The body’s agility is influenced by many factors; the most important are: the integrity of the nervous system, muscle capacity, as well as the type of activity, and the speed of the body’s response to it.

Cardiovascular Endurance

Endurance is the expression of the ability of the body and its muscles to the possibility of fatigue and stress while exercising a certain physical activity. This is an important element of fitness and must be available to those who work in conditions that require long and arduous hours of work.

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How to Improve Physical Fitness Level

There are many ways to improve physical fitness, including:Exercise Frequency: The number of times a person should exercise for more than a week.
Exercise intensity control: The target heart rate should be reached when performing the exercise. The maximum rate depends on the age, as subtracted from 220, the maximum number of heartbeats is 220 minus 50, or 170 beats per minute for a 50-year-old. The goal is to reach 50% – 85% of this rate. This can be determined by monitoring the ease and difficulty of each exercise. If the exercise is easy, the intensity should be increased to suit the person.
Optimal Exercise Time: Exercise time should be more than usual. If you want to lose weight or meet specific fitness goals, you may need to do more exercise.
Change Exercise Type: Exercises should be changed from time to time. If a person is constantly walking, he can move on to jogging, then jogging, or move to another exercise altogether, such as swimming.

Additional fitness tips:

Lift some heavyweights to increase the strength of your body muscles.Running and jumping as much as possible, they help to get rid of the accumulated fat in the body, especially those that accumulate in the abdominal area.Use the stairs instead of relying on the elevator.Make healthier food choices.Breathe deeply to keep your body clean and toxin-free, thus enjoying a healthy body.

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1 comment:

  1. DianaFebruary 16, 2021 at 10:49 PMThanks. It was super helpful read.Reply

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I am Football: Zlatan Ibrahimović

Zlatan Ibrahimovic is one of the most iconic names in football history. He is one of the most decorated active players in football. Zlatan has played for one of the biggest clubs in football history ( Ajax, Juventus, Inter Milan, Ac Milan, Barcelona, Paris Saint Germain, Manchester United). In this candid autobiography, one of the most enigmatic footballers of his generation shares his opinions on his great career and personal life. It has received numerous accolades for its candour and no-holds-barred attitude. It’s arrogant and aggressive, and it perfectly describes the guy, but it’s also evident that he’s self-aware, and has harnessed his inner qualities to become one of football’s most revered figures during the previous two decades.

I Am Football is extensively illustrated with photographs from Zlatan’s football career and concludes with over 50 pages of statistics from his career between 1999 and 2018, addressing queries such as how many minutes he played for Inter and how many goals he scored with his right foot. A compilation of all the facts for every club he has ever played for, as well as the Swedish national team.

It covers his football career from Malmö FF to Manchester United and the move to LA Galaxy, giving us a first-hand account of how he climbed from underdog to superstar, his move from Milan to Paris SG, and how he dealt with his devastating knee injury at Manchester United. On top of that, he tells us about his objectives, victories, and the constant sensation of needing to be better in order to be accepted. The book also includes interviews with players, managers, and friends who have been a part of his journey, such as José Mourinho, Paul Pogba, Patrick Vieria, Roland Andersson, Henrik Larsson, Thierry Henry, and Mino Raiola, to provide a more complete portrait of the man himself.

Much of the book has been serialised, with Arsenal requesting a trial and a slew of obscenities aimed at Pep Guardiola and Barcelona in general, but the story is far more interesting than any of the juicy sections picked ripe for press publication. There’s a lot to Zlatan; his family, particularly his father, were profoundly wounded by the Yugoslavia conflict, which had an impact on the footballer’s upbringing as a child. Zlatan goes out of his way to praise his father whenever there is a hint of criticism, but there is no escaping the stories about a young Zlatan frequently arriving home to find no food in the house while his father drank beer and listened to ‘Yugo’ music. His environment appears to have pushed Zlatan to seek out the guardian position that he had missed out on for much of his boyhood. The battles, disputes, and rebellion are all nicely chronicled and humourous as well as informative, but Zlatan looked to be looking for others to parent him for most of his early career without publicly asking for it.

The way he talks about Helena(his wife) makes it plain that he considers himself fortunate to have her; the two couldn’t be more dissimilar, and Helena was the stereotypical older lady in that she was classy, educated, and smart. Mino Raiola, who Zlatan worked with as an agent at Ajax, was the polar opposite. He was fat, sweary, pushy, and as impolite as he could get away with. None of that mattered since Mino got things done and really aided Zlatan.

While most will be left with the story of a man growing up and eventually fulfilling all of his aspirations, there is no getting away from the battles. Zalatan’s struggle with a petulant Rafael van der Vaart at Ajax is intriguing, and his AC Milan training ground brawl that left a teammate with a black eye reveals a lot about what manager Fabio Capello was willing to accept, and even promote. Capello is one of those men who commands Zlatan’s respect without question and has taught the player to accept it rather than earn it.

He’s arrogant, but it quickly becomes evident that much of this was developed as a protective strategy in childhood and increased when his anxieties about trusting people were validated. It would be difficult to read the book without warming to the player, and there is far more to learn from this than from any other football autobiography published in recent years.

With the revelations and insights, almost every page might launch a story on its own. As much as a look at Zlatan Ibrahimovic, this is a good view on how football truly works at the top level and will leave a football fan more informed on the dynamics of the game.

GLOBALIZATION

Globalization is a term used to describe the increasing connectedness and interdependence of world cultures and economies. globalization is an established part of the modern world, so most of us do not realise the benefits it brings to our everyday lives such as easy to acess to a variety of different cuisines or new technologies developed by developed countries half a world away. even though globalization makes our lives better, it does bring some challenges as companies start to grow and expand across borders. cultural differences around the world are undeniable. these differences create hurdles for business entering foreign markets and necessitate changes to their daily business operations, whether its employing workers in a new region or communicating the value of their product to a new audience.

It refers to an open flow of information, technology, and goods amoung countries and consumers. this openess occurs through various relationships, from business, geopolitics, and technology to travel, culture and media

EXAMPLES OF GLOBALIZATION:

because of trade developments and financial exchanges we often think of globalization as a economic and and financial phenonomenon. it inclues a much wider feild than just flowing of goods, services and capital.

CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION: refers to the interpenetration of cultures which, as a consequence means a nations adopt principles, beliefs, and customes of another nations, loosing their unique culture to a unique globalized supra culture.

SOCIOLOGICAL GLOBALIZATION: It is the new organisation and heirarchy of different regions of the world that is constantly changing, moreover with transportation and flying made so easy and affordable apart from a few countries with demanding visas, it is possible to travel the world without barely and restrictions.

ECOLOGICAL GLOBALIZATION: Accounts for the idea of considering planet earth as a single global entity a common good all societies should protect since the whether affects everyone and we are all protected by the same atmosphere. to regard this it is often said that the poorest countries that have been polluting the least will suffer the most from climate change.

SEIRRA BURGESS IS A LOSER

Media Madness :

Modern Teens are taken over by external appearances and run in a race of fame leaving their originality behind. They value the opinions of their fellow mates about their beauty and strive hard to get compliments from them. Social Media has added fuel to the fire. Guys have an idealogy that, if they can flaunt around with a beautiful girl around then they are above all other boys. Girls on the other hand try their level best to stay super cool among their boyfriends. And the circle continues. 

Protagonist Preface:

Sierra Burgess is a talented, hard-working, kind teen in her high school. Even though she pretends to be strong when humiliated by her classmates who think they are the most adorable ones, she breaks down at times when she feels that no one could love her because of her body. Her parents are super supportive and try their level best to boost her self-esteem, but all in vain. She is also confused when her professor asked her “Sierra Burgess is a ________?”. 

Self-esteem starts to  sow the seed of selfishness:

While remaining in a perplexed state she receives a message from an unknown number and they instantly start being comfortable around one another. The boy on the other side is a charming teen who dreams of having a dashing girlfriend to flaunt in front of his gang. He messaged her thinking that she’s Veronica, a girl on who he had a crush since she has been a cheerleader for his football team. Once Seirra gets to know the truth she is perplexed whether to continue chatting with him or to let him know the truth. But her self-esteem leads her to the wrong choice. She pretends to be Veronica and they both chat on a regular basis. They start to fall for each other’s words. Trouble arises when the truth unfolds in an awkward manner. 

“The aim of art is to represent not the outward appearance of things, but their inward significance” – Aristotle. 

Although the movie might have been taken with intentions of normalizing our external appearances and let us know the importance of self-acceptance, at some points it fails to prove the same. The protagonist herself feels terrible when she is left behind after other girls in her school, she repeats the same with his boyfriend. She is attracted to his external appearances initially and that’s the sparkle that initiated their conversations. So it’s contrary to the baseline of the story. 

The word wonders:

It’s the dialogues in a movie that make them a memorable one. There comes a dialogue in which the hero says” roses are bitchy supermodels of flowers, I love sunflowers”. This dialogue is self-explanatory at that scene. It means to convey that above all girls whom he wanted to make love with for his entire life, he chooses Sierra for her words and her inner self which exactly aligns with his. 

“To have someone understand the real version of you is a different kind of intimacy”

Man who never witnessed defeat

Have you ever lost in any sports, fight, or even a bet? Many of us have. Defeat is something that every man encounters at least once in their life yet not in the situation of Peshwa Bajirao. Incredible Peshwa Bajirao! At an exceptionally youthful age like 12, he went to the battlefield for the first time and since then he never witnessed defeat. He fought over 41 battles in his military career and defeated Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah of Hyderabad who is considered as his most prominent foe. There is no doubt in the fact that he is considered the best Indian cavalry general. He was truly a God-sent blessing to the Maratha Empire in the 18th century.

His personal life was as head as his career in the military. He married Mastani who is known to be his second spouse after Kashibai. He surely faced family resistance but it couldn’t stop him from marrying her. Therefore it is very clear that he didn’t lose his battles, not his love but unfortunately, he couldn’t survive a virulent fever and died at the age of 40. The history of the Maratha Empire would be a lot different if we could see him win more battles.

Criminal Conspiracy

According to criminal law, an act of criminal conspiracy is said to to be committed when two or more people come together to form an agreement between them to carry out a criminal activity in foreseeable future. In some countries across the world, the act of criminal conspiracy is completed only when an explicit action is carried out. Only the commission of an explicit or overt action constitutes a crime, according to law prevalent in those countries. However, law does not place a cap on number of participants. Some countries do not even require any commission of overt act. It is counted as an attempt. For the sake of unanimity, the act is a continuing process and complete involvement or partial involvement at any stage makes the participants jointly liable. It can be charged even in the cases of acquittal. Repentance does not affect their liability. It may help in reduction of the sentence. Repentance before the commission of the act may help the participants. 

Criminal Conspiracy

The act of criminal conspiracy was seen as a civil offence in its nascent stages. The act of criminal conspiracy came under two sections of the law. These sections are – Abetment in any offence and conspiracy with criminal intent. Slowly, it came to be recognised as a criminal offence. The Criminal Law Amendment Act (8 of 1913) added Chapter V – A to the Indian Penal Code. 

Conspiracy Definition: The section 120 – A of Chapter V – A (Indian Penal Code, 1860) defines criminal conspiracy. When two or more persons decide to execute or cause an act, which is illegal, or a legal act by illegal means, such act is called as criminal conspiracy. Perpetrators of this act can be convicted for criminal conspiracy. They are culpable of criminal conspiracy. This is given in Section 120 – A. In other words, concurrence of minds for committing an illegal act, or legal act by illegal means is called as criminal conspiracy. Mere agreement is not sufficient to accuse one guilty of criminal conspiracy. Agreement of minds for commission of an illegal act, or legal act by illegal means is called criminal conspiracy.  Meeting of minds is an essential and important aspect of conspiracy. All the concerned persons part of the act should be aware of the nature and consequence of the act. They should understand the objective and motive behind the act and are ready to achieve the act. This constitutes as an important part of criminal conspiracy. The act is deemed as an offence of criminal conspiracy only when any act is committed to execute the agreement. As discussed above, actus reus and mens rea are two essential of a crime. According to the Indian Penal Code, ill motive and conduct are necessary constituents of a crime. There is an exception to this rule. Criminal conspiracy is punishable at the phase of mens rea. The act of criminal conspiracy in planned in secret and executed surreptitiously. This makes proving the act with evidence difficult.The explanation given under section 120 – A says clearly that the nature of the act committed in furtherance of the agreement is immaterial. Even if such act is accidental it is regarded as an offence of criminal conspiracy. In  Rajiv Kumar v. State of U.P, the judiciary interpreted Section 120-A as follows

“The essential ingredients of the offence of criminal conspiracy are: (i) an agreement between two or more persons; (ii) the agreement must relate to doing or causing to be done either (a) an illegal act; or (b) an act which is not illegal in itself but is done by illegal means. It is, therefore, plain that meeting of minds of two or more persons for doing or causing to be done an illegal act or an act by illegal means is sine qua non of criminal conspiracy.”

A bare discussion or awareness or possessing wrong intentions alone is not sufficient enough to constitute the crime or offence of conspiracy. Any act in pursuance of the things listed above is necessary to constitute the offence of conspiracy. Consensus ad idem is a necessary aspect of conspiracy. The explanation to the provision clearly explains that just an agreement between the concerned persons to act shall not require performance of an act as a part of the agreement. A legal act performed through illegal means, however, requires performance of an explicit act in pursuance of the agreement to constitute the crime of criminal conspiracy. The core of criminal conspiracy is an unlawful amalgamation or legal act by illegal means. The offence qualifies as a crime as soon as the combination is complete. This makes criminal conspiracy an incomplete offence. Illegal agreement to perform an illegal act makes it an offence of criminal conspiracy. The core is what the persons involved agree to perform and not the crime itself. Mere awareness or plain discussion to commit an act does not amount to conspiracy. The Supreme Court observed that-

“For a person to conspire with another, he must have knowledge of what the co-conspirators were wanting to achieve and thereafter having the intent to further the illegal act takes recourse to a course of conduct to achieve the illegal end or facilitate its accomplishment.” This explains that knowledge of the nature and consequence of the act is must for that act to be considered as criminal conspiracy.

The Supreme Court clarifies on the part played by each partner in conspiracy. “The agreement is the gist of the offence. In order to constitute a single general conspiracy there must be a common design and a common intention of all to work in furtherance of the common design. Each conspirator plays his separate part in one integrated and united effort to achieve the common purpose. Each one is aware that he has a part to play in a general conspiracy though he may not know all its secrets or the means by which the common purpose is to be accomplished. The evil scheme may be promoted by a few, some may drop put and some may join at a later stage, but conspiracy continues till it is broken up. The conspiracy may develop in successive stages. There may be a general plan to accomplish the common design by such means as may from time to time be found expedient. New technologies may be invented and new means may be devised for advancement of the common plan. A general conspiracy must be distinguished from a number of separate conspiracies having a similar, general purpose. Where different groups of persons cooperate towards their separate ends without any privity with each other, each combination constitutes a separate conspiracy. The common intention of the conspirators is then to work for the furtherance of the common design of his group only.”

References:

https://indiankanoon.org/

JET AIRWAYS ISSUE

• Factors that led to the issue:
 2015 – Jet acquired Air sahara – with huge price – led to huge loses.
 Competition from low budget airlines like Indigo, Go-air.
 Rising fuel prices.

• Debt – ₹8,000 crore to lessors, suppliers, pilots and oil companies.

• Lenders were searching for prospective buyers.

• Denied ₹400 crore as emergency fund – later
it was jet grounded.
• A Resolution Plan: rehabilitation plan for a
Corporate Debtor (CD) going in insolvency.
 Section 5 (26) of IBC 2016 – “Resolution plan means a plan proposed by resolution
applicant for insolvency resolution of the corporate debtor as a going concern in
accordance with Part II”
• Mandatory contents of the resolution plan:
Financial creditors and Operational creditors.
 Financial creditors: relationship with the entity is a pure financial contract – loan or a debt security.
 Operational creditors – liability from a transaction on operations.

• Committee of creditors (CoC) is set up – comprising of financial creditors.
 Appoint a resolution personal/ professional.

• Resolution personal
 Appointed by CoC
 Presents a resolution plan to the CoC
 CoC must approve a resolution plan.
 Resolution process must be
completed within 180 days – may be extended by a period of up to 90 days after NCLT’s approval.

Jet Airways Resolution Plan.

• Mumbai Bench of the NCLT has approved it.

• Resolution plan from a consortium.
 UAE-based businessman Murari Lal Jalan and U.K.- based Kalrock Capital. • Details
 Total claims – ₹15,432 crore
 Jalan-Kalrock consortium – to pay creditors & banks – ₹1,183 crore over a 5 period.
 First tranche of ₹280 crore – paid in cash after 180 days of the new promoters taking ownership of the jet airline.

 Second instalment of ₹195 crore – paid in next 730 days.
 Balance – paid through a mix of cash, proceeds generated from the sale of assets and annual cash flows generated by airline.
 Stock the distribution
 Banks – 9.5%
 Consortium – 89.79%
 Employees – 0.5%
 Public shareholding – 0.21% • Challenge – Getting the slots back for the jet airlines is going to be difficult and expensive.

Airways

Implementation of Nanotechnology with DNA

Abstract:

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that stores and transmits genetic information for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all living organisms and many viruses. It possesses remarkable binding specificity, thermodynamic stability and can be created with infinite choice of sequences that bind to their complementary nitrogenous bases (namely adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) or thymine (T)). It is structurally well defined on the nanometre scale and has a persistence length of 50 nanometres under conventional conditions. It can be rapidly synthesized and modified using automated methods. The field of DNA nanotechnology uses its information to assemble structural motifs and connects them together. This field has a significant impact on nanoscience and nanotechnology, and controls molecular self-assembly. Here, we summarize the approaches that are used to assemble DNA nanostructures and examine their emerging applications in areas such as biophysics, diagnostics, nanoparticle and protein assembly.

Introduction:

Nanotechnology is the purist’s approach to biomolecular engineering. This field aims to create molecular structures and devices through the exclusive use of DNA as an engineering material1. The well-characterized nature of DNA base pairing provides an easy means to control DNA interactions. The success of DNA nanotechnology comes from three key ingredients: 1) our quantitative understanding of DNA thermodynamics, which makes it possible to predict how single-stranded DNA molecules fold and interact with one another, 2) the rapidly falling cost and increasing quality of DNA synthesis, and 3) the focus on cell-free settings, where designed reaction pathways can proceed without interference from DNA and RNA processing enzymes that might be encountered in cells. DNA nanotechnology has long been motivated by the goal of building ‘smart therapeutics’, drug delivery systems, tools for molecular biology and other devices that could interact with or operate within living cells. Such applications play to the obvious strengths of nucleic acid nanostructures and devices, particularly their small size, biocompatibility and straightforward manner in which they could be programmed to interact with cellular nucleic acids through hybridization.

Cell-free DNA nanotechnology

To operate reliably in complex, wet environments, living organisms use sensory receptors to detect changes in that environment, motors and actuators to adapt to the environment, computational control circuits to convert sensor information into motor activity, and structural elements that protect and organize these components. Intriguingly, cell-free DNA nanotechnology has made progress towards the construction of most of the functional components — both structures and dynamic devices — required for creating molecular ‘robots’ that can emulate some of the behavioural complexity observed in biology.

DNA nanotechnology in lysates and fixed cells

Cellular conditions are considerably different from that of cell-free experiments. The presence of nucleic-acid-binding proteins, including DNases and RNases, may interfere with device performance, and cellular environments are highly structured, which inhibits the free diffusion of exogenously delivered nucleic acids. Cell lysates, serum and fixed cells provide reaction environments that each capture some of the complexity of live cells and enable testing and optimization of nucleic acid devices in well-controlled conditions.3

CONCLUSION:

DNA-based therapeutics and diagnostics are set apart from more established approaches because of their capacity to respond to the surrounding environment. Molecular logic and conditional (un)hiding of drug moieties could decrease side effects and increase specificity. Even the relatively simple one- or two-input systems built so far have resulted in increased specificity and performance, and could be further improved with more complex multi-input logic. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions are routinely based on the analysis of panels of multiple molecular markers, be they proteins, RNA, DNA, lipids, sugars or metabolites. For example, immunologists must often consider large numbers of cell surface proteins to delineate all of the various cell types in a blood sample. Gene expression classifiers that reliably distinguish different tissues and disease states are typically built on measurements of tens or hundreds of different RNA species. Given the success of dynamic DNA nanotechnology in scaling up the size and reliability of molecular circuits in cell-free settings, it is intriguing to think that DNA ‘biocomputers’ could eventually perform complex diagnostic tasks based on the analysis of tens of molecular markers directly in living organisms.

REFERENCES:

Seeman, N. C. & Belcher, A. M. Emulating biology: building nanostructures from the bottom up. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 6451–6455 (2002).
Chen, J. H. & Seeman, N. C. Synthesis from DNA of a molecule with the connectivity of a cube. Nature 350, 631–633 (1991).
Fu, T. J. & Seeman, N. C. DNA double-crossover molecules. Biochemistry 32, 3211–3220 (1993).

THE STARTUP STORY

The new era has ushered in a lot of modernization and technology. This has brought drastic changes to our lifestyle, resources and social conventions. Gone are the days when business had very narrow options, too many restrictions, was very risky, and people with billion-dollar ideas and great potential had to leave their entrepreneurial dreams due to lack of finance, support and funding. Doing business is still risky and markets are still volatile, but today’s smart minds are able to implement their mind-boggling and zealous plans to brick, stone and mighty structures, thanks to the foundation base here – venture capital firms, angel investors, government organizations and policies, and big multinationals in search of innovative technologies to modify the good old operating procedures of their voluminous businesses.

The startup culture in India has taken highway speed and numerous new ideas are turning into success stories every year. A reason for this may be the support that today’s budding entrepreneurs are receiving, the belief and motivation that they can be first generation innovators and the comfort of investments that they secure (though comfort is a euphemized word here; in reality, these enthusiastic people are made to go through tedious processes of convincing their investors to load fuel into their new models (why not! Putting money into their powerful plans is a matter of high trust and equal risk), and public outreach is a different process altogether, very unpredictable and inestimable). In the big picture, we realize how these people thought ahead of time and converted their simple ideas into stupendous businesses, caught the eyes of the public and commercialized their offerings. A large part of their hugely positive reviews can be credited to their excellent market research, reaching out to the right target audience, personalizing and customizing their products and services according to the trends in town and customer needs, revamping their strategies and product range, efficient marketing and social skills. The best part of many of these good startups is that they either innovated into a booming sector, thought out of the box or renovated an existing product or service in the market in a much better way. A large online presence of these companies has also contributed to their connectivity with the consumer directly, resulting in better camaraderie, companies understanding the expectations of their customer and delivering better with time. Technological tools have hugely impacted the way these companies work, which is where local and small-scale ideas are getting the big push to enter a bigger world of opportunities and development.

India has been having its own league of startup unicorns and soonicorns in the recent years. Unicorns are privately held startup organizations with a market value of over 1 billion dollars. India is slowly but strongly transforming into a motivating tech startup ecosystem. The last year of COVID-19 pandemic was expected to be a big disaster in the corporate arena, but entrepreneurs have made huge transitions in their strategies and have played on big risks to make up for an unforeseen, unpredicted situation. Last year rather witnessed the addition of many unicorns into the elite startup club. These companies are mostly active through online mode, including startups in online pharmacies, social media platforms, e-commerce websites, digital and computer technology, digital education apps, online banking and fintech, cryptocurrency, stock market trading, enterprise tech, online dating sites and other technology sectors. They have paced smart, swift and risky to turn an unprecedented lockdown situation conducive to their way and have made an intelligent entry into India’s booming startup hub. A recent report in financial newspaper Business Line suggests 35 soonicorns – soon to turn unicorns are to bag the unicorn title by the end of this year. These companies are establishing their hold into fintech, edtech, healthtech, foodtech, agritech, SaaS, logistics, digital gaming and e-grocery sectors.

The new world is revamping the face of entrepreneurship, paving the way towards digitalization and those identifying niches and turning them into opportunities in this sector have made it well and big. This is a fair opportunity for those brainiacs who have it in them, the ideas and potential to make a change, a place for themselves in this highly competitive and demanding world, and are actively seeking for the experienced bigwigs and believers to power their brave shot.

SAVOURING FOOD WITH ALL THE SENSES

It’s quite enthralling to watch Detective Charles Boyle’s character from the famous comedy show Brooklyn Nine-Nine defining his love for ‘genuinely satisfying’ food with the help of his gifted sensory characteristics and his incredible ability to rate the overall acceptability and rank of a restaurant’s special food dish. Truly, the art of rating a food item based on various sensory parameters like taste, smell, flavour, aroma, mouthfeel and numerous other qualities which make up a food connoisseur’s review of what how good and proper dish is, is delicate as well as intriguing. This also covers identifying the aspects and suggesting near-exact methods used to prepare the dish to perfection. The amount of a particular ingredient in the food item, the time for which it was cooked, if it was cooked in the right temperature and heat, if the procedure or recipe of the item was perfectly followed, whether and if yes, what innovation was added to the dish, whether that enhanced the sensory appeal of the dish, and if yes, what particular characteristic of the added component elevates the overall score of the complete dish, how different spices blend in together to bring out a pleasant taste to the dish, how their quantity affects the palatability of food, and oodles of other intricate but important factors that come into play when we ‘sense’ a dish. Identifying and judging all these complex parameters, separating each parameter and combining different flavours that generate one bite of the food is extremely arduous. This is when sensory evaluation experts come into existence. These members are highly trained till they develop consistent and accurate results of the sensory aspects of any food item. They are expected to rate a new food product to estimate how general public’s sensory appeal to the product might be. Their ratings and scores are also helpful to spot loopholes in a food item’s recipe, design or product packaging and improve them to get a good acceptability score. Why is sensory evaluation such an important part for consumer foods? A lot goes into a dish from when a product idea is conceived in the kitchen to its design, creation and finally large-scale production for commercial consumption. Thus, its sensory properties are critical in establishing its potential and continued success, apart from brand and product acceptance and outreach in the market. A sensory panel performs objective tests for the evaluation of sensory attributes of a food item.

What is sensory evaluation?

According to an article in Nature journal, ‘Sensory evaluation is a science that measures, analyses, and interprets the reactions of people to products as perceived by the senses.’ Another article in Elsevier defines it as ‘a systematic study of human response to physico-chemical properties which make it possible to obtain information about the sensitivity of human sense and about the four dimensions of sensory perception, that are, quantitative, qualitative, temporal and hedonic dimensions.’ A sensory panel performs objective tests for the evaluation of sensory attributes of a food item. These include discriminative, descriptive, scoring, preference, sensitivity tests. Qualitative tests are based on aroma, appearance, flavour, oral texture, geometry, fat content characteristics, while quantitative tests follow descriptive panels to measure a product’s sensory characteristics and are preferential and acceptance-based.

Thus, a sensory panel is trained to be intelligent and serious, possess discriminative stimuli, express sensory perceptions verbally, work as team and be flexible and memorize sensory information. Sensory perception of a product throws light on its important but unnoticed characteristics which go a long way to make its place in the market and be liked and sought after by the common consumer for its special and peculiar attributes.

Corruption

Corruption refers to a form of criminal activity or dishonesty. It refers to an evil act by an individual or a group. Most noteworthy, this act compromises the rights and privileges of others. Furthermore, Corruption primarily includes activities like bribery or embezzlement. However, Corruption can take place in many ways. Most probably, people in positions of authority are susceptible to Corruption. Corruption certainly reflects greedy and selfish behavior.

Methods of Corruption

First of all, Bribery is the most common method of Corruption. Bribery involves the improper use of favours and gifts in exchange for personal gain. Furthermore, the types of favours are diverse. Above all, the favours include money, gifts, company shares, sexual favours, employment, entertainment, and political benefits. Also, personal gain can be – giving preferential treatment and overlooking crime.Embezzlement refers to the act of withholding assets for the purpose of theft. Furthermore, it takes place by one or more individuals who were entrusted with these assets. Above all, embezzlement is a type of financial fraud.The graft is a global form of Corruption. Most noteworthy, it refers to the illegal use of a politician’s authority for personal gain. Furthermore, a popular way for the graft is misdirecting public funds for the benefit of politicians.Extortion is another major method of Corruption. It means to obtain property, money or services illegally. Above all, this obtainment takes place by coercing individuals or organizations. Hence, Extortion is quite similar to blackmail.Favouritism and nepotism is quite an old form of Corruption still in usage. This refers to a person favouring one’s own relatives and friends to jobs. This is certainly a very unfair practice. This is because many deserving candidates fail to get jobs.Abuse of discretion is another method of Corruption. Here, a person misuses one’s power and authority. An example can be a judge unjustly dismissing a criminal’s case.Finally, influence peddling is the last method here. This refers to illegally using one’s influence with the government or other authorized individuals. Furthermore, it takes place in order to obtain preferential treatment or favour.

Ways of stopping corruption

One important way of preventing Corruption is to give a better salary in a government job. Many government employees receive pretty low salaries. Therefore, they resort to bribery to meet their expenses. So, government employees should receive higher salaries. Consequently, high salaries would reduce their motivation and resolve to engage in bribery.Increasing the number of workers can be another suitable way of curbing Corruption. In many government offices, the workload is very high. This provides an opportunity to slow down the work by government employees. Consequently, these employees then indulge in bribery in return for faster delivery of work. Hence, this opportunity to bribe can be removed by bringing in more employees in government offices.

Tough laws are very important for stopping Corruption. Above all, strict punishments need to be meted out to guilty individuals. Furthermore, there should be an efficient and quick implementation of strict laws.

Applying cameras in workplaces is an excellent way to prevent corruption. Above all, many individuals would refrain from indulging in Corruption due to fear of being caught. Furthermore, these individuals would have otherwise engaged in Corruption.

The government must make sure to keep inflation low. Due to the rise in prices, many people feel their incomes to be too low. Consequently, this increases Corruption among the masses. Businessmen raise prices to sell their stock of goods at higher prices. Furthermore, the politician supports them due to the benefits they receive.

To sum it up, Corruption is a great evil of society. This evil should be quickly eliminated from society. Corruption is the poison that has penetrated the minds of many individuals these days. Hopefully, with consistent political and social efforts, we can get rid of Corruption.

A 100 year battle

This started about a century ago, in the early 1900s. During that time Israel-Palestine was under the Ottoman Empire. The place was diverse with a majority of Arabs and Christians and a minority of Jews. At that time, the Jews and Palestinians wanted their own country. After World War 1, the Ottoman Empire collapsed and British took control over
Palestine. But then many conflicts between Arabs and Palestinians began and as the conflicts started to worsen, the UN took action divide British Palestine into Israel for the Jews, Palestine for the Arabs and Jerusalem was an international site as it was important for the Jews, Arabs and Christians. But the Arabs weren’t satisfied with this and
decided to declare war on Israel. This was the Arab – Israeli war (1946 –1949).

There were many consequences of this war. One was the destruction and loss of life, there was loss of life of soldiers and even innocent people. Israel won the war and took over some parts of Palestine. Due to this, some of the Palestinians were expelled from their homes. Israel conquered most of the territory except the West Bank and Gaza in Egypt. After this war there were prolonged conflicts between Israel and Palestine. Israel had won many of the wars and occupied the Palestinian territory in the West Bank and Gaza. This is when it became an Israeli – Palestinian struggle. The recent Gaza conflicts where a violent extremist group of Palestinians situated in Gaza known as HAMAS declared war on Israel. This war had bombs and other machinery due to which many people lost their lives and their homes. In the future the condition can get worse or better, so we shall just hope for the best. People in these battles have shown various colors from both the sides, the countries have played their parts in the violence and havoc in todays world. People including toddlers have been pulled into the vicious cycle of battle between both the places for their nationalistic issues.

First Indian to earn ‘A’ standard Olympic quota

Sajan Prakash created history by becoming the first Indian ever to clear the ‘A’ standard of international swimming, clocking 1:56.38 minutes in the 200m butterfly. Eventually, heads to the Tokyo Olympics as the first Indian to make it to successive Games.

It wasn’t the fastest of races, which meant Sajan had to push himself to set the pace, with Israeli Marc Hinawi as a marker. The Indian was right behind Czech swimmer Lunak Sebastien in Lane 4 at the first turn, which he completed in 25.99s. Sajan would take the lead at 100m, clocking 29.57s on the return, and finish with identical, consistent splits of 30.41s in the second half.



27-year-old, Sajan Prakash from Kerala won gold which is his second in two weeks. After coming agonisingly close to slashing ‘A’ at Belgrade, Serbia, last week. Coach Pradeep Kumar said, “He was spending 19 seconds and 52 metres underwater over four laps, and we focussed on speeding his pace and gaining 80 centimetres in all to breach the ‘A’ Cut.”

Born in Idukki in the shadow of the tallest peak in the Western Ghats – the Anamudi mountains – Sajan swam under coach Saju Sebastien at Neyveli (Tamil Nadu) before heading off to his friend Pradeep Kumar. He would also work in a training stint in Thailand on a FINA scholarship, and was seen as the most consistent performer since his Rio Games outing. The pandemic saw him head to Dubai where he worked in an indoor pool, silently chipping away the seconds.



Former Asiad medallist Virdhawal Khade explained Butterfly is considered the hardest strokes. While Khade reckons said the Butterfly relies on strong shoulders, it is all in the kick that Sajan scores. He further contunied “Even now, he’s not the most dominant guys. But he works hardest and helps young swimmers and is generous with his help. It’s his time now to become the alpha of Indian swimming and lead the others. If youngsters ever needed someone to look up to, there’s none better than this nice guy. Sajan’s put a smile on everyone’s face in Indian swimming,”.

Benefits of Eating Chewing Gum

Everyone is fond of chewing gums for their taste, keeps you active, and stays away from mouth odor. Some people keep chewing to get rid of laziness but there are talks that chewing gums are harmful and lead to many health hazards. Many research studies have proved the benefits of chewing gums and how it helps in building your metabolic functions. Here are some true facts on the health benefits of chewing gums.

Builds your memory power – Chewing gum does a great job as far as your brain function is concerned. The sugar-free gum when consumed can easily enhance your memory power and makes you active. The flow of blood to your brain is improved and helps in boosting your brain skills.

Lowers ear pain – For ear pain, chewing gums are found to be a great reliever. Especially when you are flying or moving to high altitudes, you suffer ear pain. Chewing gum can release air from your ear and lower your ear pain.

Decreases anxiety – Along with stress, chewing gum also handles anxiety. It can easily bring down your anxiety level by enhancing oxygen flow to your brain.

Reduces Fat Face – The fat accumulated around your face can result in a fat face. Chewing gum can reduce fats on the cheeks and the chin area by burning the fat content.

Relieves you from stress – Chewing gum does an excellent job of reducing stress. We have seen many stress releasing methods but the most simple and instant relief is achieved in the chewing gums. It increases oxygen flow in the brain and releases tension in nerves. Cortisol is the stress hormone that is well reduced in the blood.

Relieves Constipation – Constipation problems occur due to disturbance in bowel movements or hard in passing stools. Chewing gum can very well resolve this problem. The extra saliva secreted helps in soothing the bowel movement and also lubricates your intestines.

Boosts your energy level – To find the best energy booster then go for chewing gums. They can reboot your energy and makes you active. Chewing gums can improve your blood flow and supplies enough oxygen to the brain.

Reduces Weight – Chewing gums can reduce your hunger pangs and prevent unnecessary eating. It can make you feel less hungry and aids in weight reduction. Avoid chewing gum with a high sugar content if you look for weight loss.